MARY MAIN

Education

St. John's College B.A. 1968 Classics and Natural Sciences Annapolis, Maryland

The Johns Hopkins University Ph.D. 1973 Psychology (Distinction) Baltimore, Maryland

Positions

1972-1973 Professional Services Contractor National Institute of Mental Health Washington, D.C.

1977 -1978 Invited Fellow ZIF (Center for Interdisciplinary Research) Bielefeld, West Germany

1985 -1986 Visiting Scholar University of Virginia

1973 - Assistant to Full Professor Department of Psychology University of California, Berkeley

1991, 1993, Visiting Scientist 1995 - 1996 University of Leiden, Holland

Selected Honors and Awards

Honorary doctorate, University of Goteborg, Sweden, 2007

Chair established (Mary Main Chair in Life-Span Studies of Attachment) in the Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, The Netherlands, 2004

Doctorate honoris causa, University of Uppsala, Sweden, 2000

Prize for best journal article awarded by the American Psychoanalytic Association, 2000

The Amini Foundation, 2001 –

The Kohler-Stiftung Foundation, 1998 – 2000

The Sengstack Foundation for Early Childhood, 1997

The Irving B. Harris Foundation, 1997 –

Emmanuel Miller Lecture (formerly, the Maudsley Lecture) to the Association of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, June 26, 1996

Annual Research Lecture to the British Psycho-Analytical Society, July, 1994

American Psychoanalytic Association, 1993

The Grant Foundation, 1993

Guggenheim Fellowship Recipient, 1989

Selected Professional Service

Co-Editor, Special Sections on Attachment and Psychopathology, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (1996) with Enrico Jones and Rebecca Del Carmen. Vol. 64, Issues 1, 2.

Editorial Board, Psychological Issues, 1996 - Infant Observation, 1998 – Infanzia e adolescenza, 2002 –

Occasional reviewer, multiple national and international journals

Member, Academic Senate Committee on Research, University of California at Berkeley, 2003 –

Member, Academic Senate Committee on Undergraduate Admissions (BOARS), University of California at Berkeley, 2000-2002

Area Head, Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology (several terms)

Graduate Advisor, Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology (several terms)

Search Committees in Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology (several terms)

Undergraduate, Graduate and Teaching Awards Committee, Department of Psychology; and Graduate Awards Committee (several terms)

Future Hiring Committee, Department of Psychology, 2001

External reviewer for advancement cases nationally and internationally

2 Publications

Articles and Chapters

Stayton, D.J., (1973) Ainsworth, M., & Main, M. Development of separation behavior in the first year of life: Protest, following and greeting. Developmental Psychology, 9, 213-225.

Brazelton, T.B., Koslowski, B., & Main, M. (1974) The origins of reciprocity: The early mother-infant interaction. In M. Lewis and L. Rosenblum (Eds.), The effect of the infant on its caregiver. (pp. 49-76) New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Main, M. Sicherheit und Wissen. (1977, original paper translated into German) In K. E. Grossmann (Ed.), Entwicklung der Lernfahigkeit. Munchen: Kinder Verlag, (46 pp).

Main, M. (1977) Analysis of a peculiar form of reunion behavior seen in some daycare children: Its history and sequelae in children who are home-reared. In R. Webb (Ed.), Social development in childhood, (pp.33-78). Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.

Blanchard, M., & Main, M. (1979) Avoidance of the attachment figure and social- emotional adjustment in daycare infants. Developmental Psychology, 15 (4), 445- 446.

George, C., & Main, M. (1979) Social interactions of young abused children: Approach, avoidance and aggression. Child Development, 50, 306-318.

Main, M., Tomasini, L., & Tolan, W. (1979) Differences among mothers of infants judged to differ in security. Developmental Psychology, 15 (4), 472-473.

George, C., & Main, M. (1980) Abused children: Their rejection of peers and caregivers. In T. Field, S. Goldberg, D. Stern and A. Sostek (Eds.), Interactions of high-risk infants and children. Academic Press.

Main, M. (1980) Abusive and rejecting infants. In N. Frude (Ed.), The understanding and prevention of child abuse: Psychological approaches. London: Concord Press.

Londerville, S., & Main, M. (1981) Security of attachment, compliance and maternal training methods in the second year of life. Developmental Psychology, 17 (3), 289-299.

Main, M., & Weston, D. (1981) The quality of the toddler's relationship to mother and to father: Related to conflict behavior and the readiness to establish new relationships. Child Development, 52, 932-940.

Main, M. (1981). Avoidance in the service of proximity: A working paper. In Immelmann et al., (Eds.), Behavioral development: The Bielefeld Interdisciplinary Project, pp. 651-693 . New York: Cambridge University Press.

Main, M., & Stadtman, J. (1981). Infant response to rejection of physical contact by the mother: Aggression, avoidance and conflict. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 20, 292-307.

3

Main, M., & Weston, D. (1982) Avoidance of the attachment figure: Descriptions and interpretations. In C. Parkes and J. Stevenson-Hinde (Eds.), The place of attachment in human behavior, pp. 31-59. New York: Basic Books.

Main, M. (1983). Exploration, play and cognitive functioning as related to infant- mother attachment. Infant Behavior and Development, 6, 167-174.

Main, M. & Goldwyn, R. (1984) Predicting rejection of her infant from mother's representation of her own experiences: A preliminary report. Monograph of the International Journal of Child Abuse and Neglect, Vol. 8, 203-217.

Biggar, M. Louise (1984). Maternal aversion to mother-infant contact. In Catharine Caldwell Brown (Editor), The Many Facets of Touch. Johnson and Johnson Pediatric Round Table #10, l984, pp. 66-72.

Cassidy, J. & Main, M. (1985). Secure attachment in infancy as a precursor of the ability to tolerate a brief laboratory separation at five years. In Frontiers of Infant Psychiatry, pp. 132-136. New York: Basic Books.

Main, M. & George, C. (1985) Responses of abused and disadvantaged toddler to distress in agemates: A study in the daycare setting. Developmental Psychology, 21, 3, 407-412.

Main, M., Kaplan, N. & Cassidy, J. (1985). Security in infancy, childhood and adulthood: A move to the level of representation. In I. Bretherton & E. Waters (Eds.), Growing Points in Attachment, Monograph of the Society for Research in Child Development, Vol. 50 (1-2), 66-104, 1985.

Main, M. & Solomon, J. (1986) Discovery of a new, insecure-disorganized/ disoriented attachment pattern. In T. B. Brazelton & M. Yogman (Eds), Affective Development in Infancy, pp. 95-124. Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex,

Main, M. & Cassidy, J. (1988). Categories of response to reunion with the parent at age six: Predicted from infant attachment classifications and stable over a one-month period. Developmental Psychology, 24, 3, 415-426.

Main, M. (1990). Parental aversion to infant-initiated contact is correlated with the parent's own rejection during childhood: The effects of experience on signals of security with respect to attachment. In T. B. Brazelton and K. Barnard (Eds.), Touch, pp. 461-495. New York: International Universities Press.

Main, M. (1990). Cross-cultural studies of attachment organization: Recent studies, changing methodologies, and the concept of conditional strategies. Human Development, 33: 48-61.

Main, M. & Solomon, J. (1990). Procedures for identifying disorganized/disoriented infants during the Ainsworth . In M. Greenberg, D. Cichetti & M. Cummings (Eds), Attachment in the Preschool Years, pp. 121-160. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Main, M. & Hesse, E. (1990). Parents' Unresolved Traumatic Experiences are related to Infant Disorganized Attachment Status: Is frightened/frightening parental behavior the linking mechanism? In M. Greenberg, D. Cichetti & M. Cummings

4 (Eds.), Attachment in the Preschool Years, pp. 161-182. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Main, M. (1991). Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring, and singular (coherent) vs. multiple (incoherent) models of attachment: Some findings and some directions for future research. In P. Marris, J. Stevenson-Hinde and C. Parkes, (eds), Attachment Across the Life Cycle, pp. 127-159. New York: Routledge.

Main, M. & Hesse, E. (1992, original paper, translated). Attaccamento disorgnizzato/ disorientato nell 'infanzia e stati mentali dissociati dei genitori. (Disorganized/disoriented attachment in infants as related to Dissociative states of mind in their parents). In Attaccamento e psicoanalisi, M. Ammaniti & Daniel N. Stern, Editors, pp. 86-140. Rome: Gius, Laterza & Figli.

Main, M. (1993). Discourse, prediction and recent studies in attachment: Implications for psychoanalysis. Journal of the American Psycho-analytic Association, 41, Supplement, 209-244.

Main, M. (1994). A move to the level of representation in the study of attachment organization: Implications for psychoanalysis. Bulletin of the British Psycho- Analytical Society, pp. 1-15.

Main, M. (1994). Anger in infancy: An interview with Mary Main. In M. C. Busnel (Ed.), Le langage des Bebes: Savon-nous l’entendre? Paris: Jacques Grancher.

Main, Mary. (1995). Discourse, prediction and recent studies in attachment: Implications for psychoanalysis. In: Research in psychoanalysis: Process, development, outcome. Theodore Shapiro, Robert M. Emde, Eds. International Universities Press, Inc, Madison, CT, US, 1995. p. 209-244. Reprint of 1993 article.

Main, M. (1995). Recent studies in attachment: Overview, with selected implications for clinical work. In S. Goldberg, R. Muir & J Kerr (Eds), : Social, developmental and clinical perspectives, pp. 407-470. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press, Inc.

Jones, E., Main, M. & DelCarmen, R. (1996). Editors, two special sections on attachment and psychopathology, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64 (1, 2).

Main, M. (1996). Introduction to the special section on attachment and psychopathology: 2, Overview of the field of attachment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64 (2), 237-243.

Main, M. & Morgan, H. (1996). Disorganization and disorientation in infant Strange Situation behavior: Phenotypic resemblance to dissociative states. In L. Michelson & W. Ray (eds.), Handbook of Dissociation: Theoretical, empirical and clinical perspectives, pp. 107-138. Plenum Publishing: New York.

Hesse, E. & Main, M. (1999). Second-generation effects of unresolved trauma in non- maltreating parents: Dissociated, frightened, and threatening parental behavior. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 19, 481-540.

5 Main, M. (1999). Mary D. Salter Ainsworth: Tribute and Portrait. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 19, 682-736.

Main, M. (1999). Epilogue. Attachment theory: Eighteen points with suggestions for future studies. In J. Cassidy and P. Shaver, Handbook of Attachment, pp. 845 - 887. New York: The Guilford Press.

Main, M. (2000). The organized categories of infant, child, and adult attachment: Flexible vs. inflexible attention under attachment-related stress. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 48 (4), 1055-1096.

Hesse, E. & Main, M. (2000). Disorganized infant, child and adult attachment: Collapse in behavioral and attentional strategies. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 48 (4), 1097-1127.

Hesse, E., Main, M., Abrams, K. Y., & Rifkin, A. (2003). Unresolved states regarding loss or abuse can have “second-generation” effects: Disorganization, role- inversion, and frightening ideation in the offspring of traumatized non-maltreating parents. In M. F. Solomon and D. J. Siegel (Eds), Healing Trauma: Attachment, Mind, Body, Brain, pp.57-106. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.

Main, M., Hesse, E., & Kaplan, N. (2005). Predictability of behavior and representational processes Related to attachment in the Berkeley Longitudinal Study: Attachment at 1, 6, and 19 years of age. In K. E. Grossmann, K. Grossmann, & E. Waters (Eds.), The power of longitudinal studies in attachment. New York: Guilford Press.

Hesse, E., & Main, M. (2006). Special Section on Frightened, Threatening, and Dissociative Parental Behavior: Theory and Associations with Parental Adult Attachment Interview Status and Infant Disorganization. Development and Psychopathology 18.

Hesse, E. & Main, M. (2006). Frightened, threatening, and dissociative parental behavior in low-risk samples: Description, discussion, and interpretations. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 309-343.

Behrens, K., Hesse, E., & Main, M. (accepted pending revisions, 2007). Mothers’ Attachment Status as Determined by the Adult Attachment Interview Predicts Their 6-Year-Olds’ Reunion Responses: A Study Conducted in Japan. Developmental Psychology. (In preparation, May, 2006).

Books

Immelmann, K., Barlow, G., Petrinovitch, L. & Main, M. Behavioral Development: The Bielefeld Interdisciplinary Project. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.

Reviews, Letters and Other

Eisenberg, N., & Main, M. (1976) The meaning of crying; A critique of Kagan's daycare study. Pediatrics, 58, 295-296.

6 Main, M. (1979) The "ultimate" causation of some infant attachment phenomena: Further answers, further phenomena, further questions. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2, 640-643.

Main, M. (1979) Missing the mark most mildly (Review of Personality and Social Development by M. Lamb). Contemporary Psychology, 24(8), 654-655.

Main, M. (2000). Attachment theory. Encyclopedia of Psychology, Volume 1. American Psychological Association, Alan E. Kazdin, Editor, pp. 289-293. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bretherton, I., and Main, M. (2000). Obituary: Mary Dinsmore Salter Ainsworth: 1913-1999. American Psychologist, 55 (10), 1148-1149.

Publications Reprinted in German, French and Italian

Main, M. (1995, reprint). Desorganisation in der Bindung. In G. Spangler & P. Zimmermann (Eds), Die Bindungstheorie: Grundlagen, Forschung und Anwendung. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart, Germany.

Main, M. (1998, reprint). De l’attachement a la psychopathologie. Enfance, 3, 13-17.

Main, M. (1998, reprint). Discours, prediction et etudes recentes sur l’attachement: implications pour la psychoanalyse. In A. Bracconier & J Sipos (Eds), Le bebe et les interactions precoces, Monograph de psychopathologie.

Main, M. (1999, reprint). Una visione d'insieme sulla teoria dell'attaccamento. In L. Carli (Ed), Dalla diade alla famiglia: I legami di attaccamento nella rete ramiliare, pp. 1- 13. Milan: Raffaello Cortina.

Main, M. (2000, reprint). Aktuelle Studien zur Bindung. In G. Gloger-Tippelt (Editor), Bindung im Erwachsenenalter: Ein Handbuch fur Forschung und Praxis, pp. 165- 218. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber.

Main, M. (2002, reprint). Organisierte Bindungskategorien von Saligling, Kind und Erwachsenem. In K.-H. Brisch, K. E. Grossmann, K. Grossmann & L. Kohler (Eds.) Gindungen under seelische Entwicklunswege: Grundlagen, Prevention und klinische Praxis, pp. 219-248. Stuttgart, Germany: Klett-Cotta, pp. 165 - 218.

Hesse, E., and Main, M. (2002, reprint). Desorganisiertes Bindungsverhalten bei Kleinkindern, Kindern und Erwachsenen: Suzammenbruch von Strategien des Verhaltens under der Aufmersamkeit. In K.-H. Brisch, K. E. Grossmann, K. Grossmann & L. Kohler (Eds.) Gindungen under seelische Entwicklunswege: Grundlagen, Prevention und klinische Praxis, pp. 219-248. Stuttgart, Germany: Klett-Cotta.

Papers Under Review

Rozga, A., Beckwith, L., Sigman, M., Hesse, E., & Main, M. Attachment security in autism: The role of maternal sensitivity and child characteristics. Under revision, Development and Psychopathology.

7 Papers In Preparation

Main, M. Foreword. H. Steele and M. Steele (Eds), Clinical Applications of the Adult Attachment Interview. Guilford Press (in press). Final chapters are submitted, but undergoing final revision.

Main, M. Epilogue. J. Cassidy and P. Shaver (Eds), Handbook of Attachment, New Edition. Guilford Press (in press). Many but not all chapters are in final revision.

Methods Devised for Psychological Study and Assessment

George, C., Kaplan, N. & Main, M. (1984, 1985, 1996). The Adult Attachment Interview. Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Kaplan, N. & Main, M. (1985, 1986). Assessing attachment organization from family drawings at six years of age. Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Strage, A. & Main, M. (1985, 1986). Assessing attachment organization from parent- child discourse at six years of age. Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Main, M. and Cassidy, J. (1985-1988). Method for identifying attachment organization from reunion behavior at six years of age. Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Main, M. and Goldwyn, R. (1985-1995). The Adult Attachment Interview Classification and Scoring System . Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Main, M. and Solomon, J. (1986, 1990). System for identifying and scoring disorganized/disoriented infant Strange Situation behavior. See Main, M., and Solomon, J. Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/disoriented during the Ainsworth strange situation. In Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research, and Intervention, ed. M. T. Greenberg, D. Cichetti & E. M. Cummings, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 121-160.

Main, M., Hesse, E., & van IJzendoorn, (1991 - ). The Berkeley-Leiden Adult Attachment Questionnaire for Identifying Potentially Unresolved/disorganized Research Participants (BLAAQ-U). Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Main, M. and Hesse, E. (1991-1998). Method for identifying and scoring frightened, frightening and dissociative parental behavior. Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Hesse, E., & Main, M. (1994). A sentence selection task for identifying adult attachment status. Unpublished Manuscript, University of California, Berkeley.

8 Hesse, E., Main, M., & Granqvist, P. (2001 - ). Method of analysis for identifying attachment status through a sentence selection task. Unpublished, University of California at Berkeley.

Main, M., Goldwyn, R., and Hesse, E. (2002- ). The Adult Attachment Interview Classification and Scoring System (revised version). Unpublished Manuscript, University of California at Berkeley.

Training Institutes: Mary Main and Erik Hesse

Two-week institutes in the Adult Attachment Scoring and Classification System

University of Virginia --1985, 1988a, 1988b, 1990, 1991, 1993

Tavistock Clinic, London, England –1987

University of Rome, Italy --1989, 1990

University of Toronto, Canada --1991, 1996

Leiden University, The Netherlands –- 1991, 1995

University of Regensburg, Germany --1993

University of Minnesota --1994, 1996

University College, London --1994, 1995, 1996

Progetto A, Milano, Italy -- 1995

University of California, Berkeley -- 1997, 1998, 2000

Goteborg University, Sweden -- 1999

Manhattan, New York City (CUNY Graduate Center) -- 2001

University of Western Ontario – 2001

University of New Mexico, Albequerque – 2002

University of California at Los Angeles - 2006

Training-to-train AAI institutes (co-director, Erik Hesse) in the Adult Attachment Interview (training faculty-level researchers from several countries – including Canada, Italy, Mexico, Sweden and USA -- to hold two-week AAI training institutes).

University of California at Berkeley, 1997

University of California at Berkeley, 2000

9 University of California at Berkeley, 2001

Week-long institutes in scoring and classifying disorganized infant behavior

University of California, Berkeley -- 1991

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis -- 1990, 1996

University of Leiden, The Netherlands – 1995

Institutes in scoring and classifying frightening parental behavior

University of California, Berkeley – 2004

Leiden University, the Netherlands – 2005

Papers, Symposia, and Addresses

Main, M. (1974). Implications for daycare in a "new" behavior. Paper given at the off- year meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, March.

Main, M. (1974). Exploration and level of cognitive functioning as related to security of attachment. Paper presented at the Western Psychological Association, San Francisco, April

Main, M. (1974). Detachment and social development. Invited address at the formation of the California Psychiatric Association. November.

Main, M. (1975). Mother-avoiding babies. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Denver, Colorado. April.

Main, M. (1975). Exploration, play, cognitive functioning and the mother-child relationship. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Denver, Colorado, April.

Main, M. (1975). Avoidance of the mother in young children: its correlates in social and affective disturbances. Paper presented at the third meeting of the International Society for Human Ethology, Sheffield, England, July.

Main, M. & Waters, E. (1975). Autism and adaptation. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development, London, England, July.

Main, M. (1975). Security and knowledge. Invited paper given at the Symposium on Learning and Development, Cybernetic Society Meeting at Bad Homburg, Germany, October.

10 Main, M. (1977). Attachment behaviors fail as childhood social indicators. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans, Louisiana, March.

Main, M. (1977). Avoidance of the mother in young children. Plenary session address to the XVth International Congress of Ethology, Bielefeld, Germany, August.

Main, M. (1978). Detachment. Colloquium given at: (1) Department of Animal Behavior, Cambridge University, Cambridge, England, April; (2) Department of Bio-mathematical Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, June; (3) Max-Planck Institut fur Verhaltensphysiologie, Seeweisen, Germany.

Main, M. (1979). Avoidance of the parent as a childhood social indicator. Colloqium given at the Department of Psychology, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, January.

George, C. & Main, M. (1979). Social interactions of abused children: Approach, avoidance and aggression. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, San Francisco, March.

Main, M. (1979). Fathers and infant and mothers and infants: Differences and influences. Invited address to the Conference on Change and Loss, London, England, October.

Main, M. (1979). The effects of long-term hospitalization on young children. Presentation at the Janeway Hospital, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, January.

Main, M. (1980). Mother-avoiding infants and infant-avoiding mothers. Infant Psychiatry Symposium III. Department of Psychiatry, Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California at San Francisco, November.

Main, M. (1981). Methods of analysis of concerned attention and relatedness in infancy. Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, November.

Main, M. (1981). Avoidance of attachment figures as a behavioral syndrome. Department of Child Psychiatry, Wayne State University Medical School, Detroit, Michigan, October 23.

Main, M. (1981). New directions in attachment. Paper given at round table on attachment, International Conference on Infant Studies, Austin, Texas, April.

Kent, J. & Main, M. (1981). Uses of therapeutic daycare for abused and neglected infants and toddlers. International Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect, Paris, France. September.

Main, M. (1981). Defensive processes: Evolutionary and psychological interpretations. Winter Animal Behavior Conference IV. Park City, Utah, January 23-30.

11 Main, M. (1983). Intimate relationships in childhood and adulthood. Conference on Intimate Relationships Across the Lifespan, Social Science Research Council, New York, New York, May 12-13.

Cassidy, J. & Main, M. (1983). Secure attachment in infancy as a precusor of the ability to tolerate being left alone briefly at five years. Second World Congress on Infant Psychiatry, Cannes, France, March 29.

Main, M. & Goldwyn, R. (1983). Predicting rejection of an infant from mother's representation of her own experiences. National Conference on Infant Mental Health, Children's Institute International, Los Angeles, February.

Main, M. (1983). New prospects in the study of attachment. Invited paper presented at the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, San Francisco, October.

Main, M. (1983). Mother's observed aversion to physical contact with her infant: Stability, consequences and reasons. Johnson & Johnson Pediatric Round Table on Touch, Key Largo, Florida, October 2-5.

Main, M. (1984). Attachment: A move to the level of representation. Paper presented at the International Conference on Infant Studies, New York City, April.

Cassidy, J. & Main, M. (1984). Stability of attachment behavior across a five-year period. Poster, International Conference on Infant Studies, New York City, April.

Main, M. (1985). Attachment: A move to the level of representation. Symposium presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Toronto, Canada, April.

Strage, A. & Main, M. (1985). Parent-child discourse patterns at six years predicted from the organization of infant attachment relationships. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, April. Toronto, Canada.

Main, M. (1985). Unresolved mourning: The effect on the second generation. Keynote address to Illinois Infant Mental Health Association. Fourth Annual Conference, Chicago, Illinois, October 23.

Main, M. (1985). Invited guest participant at MacArthur network meeting on attachment in Seattle, Washington, January.

Main, M. (1985). Invited guest participant at MacArthur network special meeting in honor of , Denver, Colorado, October.

Main, M. (1987). Cognitive aspects of attachment relationships. Invited plenary session address to Jean Piaget Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 30.

Main, M. (1987). Lack of resolution of mourning as related to disorganization in infancy. Paper presented at conference on Attachment, King's College, University of London, June.

12 Main, M. (1987). "Working Models of Attachment in Adolescence and Adulthood". Symposium presented at the Bienniel meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore, Maryland, 23-26 April.

Main, M. (1987). Invited participant in roundtable discussion of cross-cultural studies of attachment. Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore, Maryland, 23-26 April.

Main, M. (1987). Implications of parents' mental representations of attachment. Invited plenary session address to conference, "Fruits of Attachment Theory", London, England, 26 June.

Main, M. (1987). "Influencing and interrupting cycles of maladaptation". Plenary session address, National Center for Clinical Infant Programs, Washington, D.C., 5 December.

Main, M. (1988). "Attachment: Infant Strange Situation Behavior and Its Relation to Parental States of Mind". Invited plenary address to International Conference of Infant Studies, Washington, D. C. 22 April.

Main, M. (1990). Historical tribute to . In "Everyone needs a secure base: An historical and cinematographic tribute to Mary D. S. Ainsworth". Chair: Robert Marvin. International Conference on Infant Studies, Montreal, April 19- 22.

Main, M. (1990). Some cognitive aspects of individual differences in attachment organization. Departmental colloquium, Stanford University, Palo Alto. May 9.

Main, M. (1990). Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring, and attachment. Invited plenary address to Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health, April 23-24.

Main, M. (1990). Parents' unresolved trauma as related to infant disorganized/disoriented attachment status. Workshop given for Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health, April 23-24.

Main, M. (1990). Organization and disorganization in attachment at the infant and adult levels (approximate title). Colloquium for the Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Main, M. (1990). Attachment theory in relation to psychoanalysis. Invited address to the conference on Attachment and Psychoanalysis, at the Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici of Naples (Massimo Ammaniti and Dan Stern, organizers). Naples, Italy, November 2-4.

Ainsworth, M., Main, M., & Bretherton, I. (1991). Invited symposium: The beginnings of Mary Ainsworth's Attachment Research. Robert Marvin, Chair. Biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Seattle, 18-20 April.

13 Main, M., Ainsworth, M. Siegel, D. & de Ruiter, C. (1991). Implications of attachment theory for the practicing clinician. Conversation hour organized by Klaus Minde. Biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Seattle, 18- 20 April.

Main, M. (1991). Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring, and attachment. Paper given in symposium on Functional and Dysfunctional Pathways of Socioemotional Development, Gil Noam & Kurt Fischer, Chairs. Biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Seattle, 18-20 April.

Main, M. & Hesse, E. (1992). The adult attachment interview: Some speculations regarding the future. In invited symposium on the intergenerational transmission of attachment (as seen in the Berkeley Adult Attachment Interview). International Congress of Psychology, Brussels, 19-24 July.

Main, M. & Bradburn, I. (1992). Metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive monitoring and vulnerability to trauma in young children. Invited talk in memorial symposium honoring John Bowlby. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, San Francisco.

Main, M. (1993). Discourse and prediction in the study of attachment: Implications for a recent controversy in psychoanalysis. In a conference entitled “John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory: Historical, clinical and social significance”. Jointly organized by C. M. Hincks Institute; The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education; Trinity College, University of Toronto. October 21.

Main, M. (1993). Overview: The development of the disorganized/unresolved attachment category. In “John Bowlby’s Attachment Theory: Historical, clinical and social significance”. Jointly organized by C. M. Hincks Institute; The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education; Trinity College, University of Toronto. October 23.

Main, M. (1993). Bindunsmodelle im Lichte der ehrgenerationenperspektive. In the international conference entitled, Emotionale Bindungsmuster und Psychpathologie, Merano, Italy, January 21.

Main, M. (1993). Representations of attachment: An overview. Conference: I modelli di attaccamento dall’infanzia all’eta adulta (Models of attachment in infants and adults). Progetto A, Sala Convengni della CARIPLO, Pizzetta Bossi, 2-Milan, Italy. January 19.

Main, M. (1993). Adolescent attachment organization: Findings from the BLAAQ self- report inventory and relations to dissociation and absorption. Symposium presented at the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans, March.

Main, M. (1993). Unresolved attachment in adolescence: Predictable from the BLAAQ- U inventory, and related to dissociation and absorption. Paper presented at the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans, March.

Main, M. (1994). “A move to the level of representation in the study of attachment organization: Implications for psychoanalysis”. Annual Research Lecture to the British Psycho-Analytical Society, July 6.

Main, M. (1994). Disorganized/disoriented infant attachment status: Implications for clinical work. Open teaching seminar, Anna Freud Center, London, June 25.

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Main, M. (1995). Attaccamento: Dal comportamento infantile ai processi rappresentativi in eta adults. (Attachment: Infant behavior related to representational processes in adults). Opening paper given in the conference entitled Attaccamento: Teoria, ricerca ed implicazioni cliniche. June 23-24, University of Rome.

Main, M. (1995). Intergenerational transmission of attachment patterns: The second annual John Bowlby memorial lecture. Regents College, Inner Circle, Regents Park. Saturday, 25 February.

Main, M. & Hesse, E. (1995). “Study Day with Professor Mary Main”. Presentation and discussion in Tavistock Observation Conference, January 14.

Main, M. (1995). “Attachment: Four Patterns Observed in Behavior, Discourse and Narrative”. In Clinical Implications of Attachment: The Work of Mary Main. July 1-2, University College, London and Anna Freud Centre.

Main, M. (1996). Developmental research and the Adult Attachment Interview: Implications for pathogenesis and psychoanalytic theory. The American Psychoanalytic Association, 85th Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, May 4.

Main, M. (1996). The Emmanuel Miller Lecture to the British Association of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, June 26, 1996

Main, M. (1996). Keynote address in conference, Clinical Implications of Attachment: The Work of Mary Main. July 1-2, University College, London and Anna Freud Centre.

Main, M. (1997). Strange Situation Research and the Adult Attachment Interview. Panel II: Attachment: Theory, Research, and Application. Annual Meeting of the American Psychoanalytic Association, December 20, New York.

Main, M. (1999). Developmental psychology of early attachment. Paper given at winter meeting of the Northern California Regional Organization of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. January 23, Yosemite, California.

Main, M. (1999). Disorganized attachment status from infancy to adulthood. Opening talk. International meeting on Disorganized Attachment, Leiden, The Netherlands (funded by the European Science Foundation), September.

Main, M. (1999). Frightened/frightening parental behavior as mediator between unresolved trauma on the part of the parent and disorganized attachment in the offspring. Presentation at the University of Goteborg, Sweden, August.

Main, M. (1999). Attachment, with emphasis upon the Adult Attachment Interview. Keynote address to the Seattle Psychoanalytic Society, October.

Main, M. (1999). Unresolved attachment status in adulthood: Some consequences for the offspring. Presentation to San Francisco Meeting of Division 39, Psychoanalytic Psychology.

Main, M. (2000). Recent studies in attachment. Colloquium given at the Department of Psychology, University of Uppsala, Sweden, January.

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Main, M. (2000). The adult attachment interview: Overview and orientation. Two-day meeting sponsored by the Society of the Masterson Institute, Northern California Alumni Chapter (with Erik Hesse). September 22-23, Seabourg Room, University of California at Berkeley.

Main, M. (2000). Unresolved responses to discussions of traumatic experiences: Predictive of infant disorganization. In "Attachment from Infancy to Adulthood". International conference, Munich, July 13 (paper read by Dr. Karlen Lyons-Ruth).

Main, M. (2000). The adult attachment interview. Paper given at national conference on "Attachment: Current Developments in Research, Theory, and Application", New York University Law Center, NYC. December 1.

Main, M. and Hesse, E. (2001). Attachment, language and fear. Graduate Center, City University of New York, January 11.

Main, M. (2001). Intergenerational transmission of patterns of attachment. In "Attachment theory: Implications for clinical and systems interventions". University of California at San Francisco, Laurel Heights Conference Center, February 3.

Main, M. (2001). Attachment disturbances and the development of psychopathology. Healing trauma: attachment, trauma, the brain, and the mind. University of California at San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, March 10.

Main, M., Hesse, E., and others (2001). The adult attachment interview scoring and classification system. Two-day pre-conference. Preceding the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 18 - 19.

Main, M. (2001). Attachment to mother and father in infancy, as related to the Adult Attachment Interview and a self-visualization task at age 19. Poster presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 21.

Main, M. (2001). Autism, attachment, and the work of Lisa Capps. Studies in attachment and autism (approximate title). Paper presented in memorial symposium for Lisa Capps (Marian Sigman, Chair). Biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 22.

Main, M., and Hesse, Erik (2001). The adult attachment interview scoring and classification system. Two-day pre-conference. Preceding the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Division 39. Santa Fe, New Mexico, April 25-26.

Hesse, E., and Main, M (2001). Historical background to the field of attachment. In Attachment: Foundations of the Field and Recent Discoveries. Psychiatry Grand Rounds, Sheehy Memorial lecture series, Herrick Campus, Alta Bates. November 5.

Main, M. (2001). The Adult Attachment Interview and its applications. In Attachment: Foundations of the Field and Recent Discoveries. Psychiatry Grand Rounds, Sheehy Memorial lecture series, Herrick Campus, Alta Bates. November 12.

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Main, M., & Hesse, E. (2001). Fear, disorganization and attachment. Northern California Society for Psychoanalytic Psychology and San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute Child Colloquium Series. November 17.

Main, M. (2002). Attachment: History and present state of the field. Opening addressed to conference on “Attachment and Relationships”, Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration, IVIII Annual Conference. May 3.

Main, M., Hesse, E., & Kaplan, N. (2002). Adult Attachment Interview: Overview and Clinical Implications. Invited workshop for the conference on “Attachment and Relationships”, Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration, IVIII Annual Conference. May 4.

Main, M. (2002). The most recent findings from the longitudinal studies on attachment and some ideas regarding implications for the sense of self. In “The Cohesive Self”. Symposium sponsored by U. C. Extension. October 12.

Main, M. (2003). What is attachment? What are the organized categories of attachment? Presentation at “Attachment and Trauma in Child Development: New Directions in Research, Interventions, and Public Policy”. University of California at San Francisco, February 7.

Main, M. (2003). Discussant to evening plenary lecture by Karin and Klaus E. Grossmann. In conference, Attachment from infancy to Childhood and Adulthood. Regensburg, Germany, July 11,

Main, M. and Hesse, E. (2003). Attachment behavior and attachment representation from infancy to adulthood: Cross generational and life course coherence in the Berkeley social development project. In conference, Attachment from infancy to childhood and adulthood. Regensburg, Germany, July 12.

Main, M., and Hesse, E. (2003). Clinical Implications of Attachment: The Work of Mary Main and Erik Hesse. One-day conference sponsored by the Contemporary Institute of Psychoanalysis, Pasadena, California, November 15.

Main, M. (2005). Clinical implications of attachment theory. Address to Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. April 22.

Main, M. (2005). Attachment and responses to emotional challenges: Cultural, psychological and biological perspectives. Discussant. Poster symposium presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, April 9, Atlanta.

Main, M. and Hesse, E. (2005). Presentation at conference in honor of Alan Sroufe. Leiden University, The Netherlands. July.

Main, M. (2005). Attachment: An overview. Opening paper for international conference on attachment, Paris, France. July.

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