DOCSLIB.ORG

Physical Properties of Cenosphere

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Physical Properties of Cenosphere PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CENOSPHERE A Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Technology in Geotechnical Engineering Civil Engineering Department by SUBHARJIT SEN 212CE1063 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA - 769008 MAY 2014 I PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CENOSPHERE A Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Technology in Geotechnical Engineering Civil Engineering Department by SUBHARJIT SEN 212CE1063 Under the guidance of Prof. Chittaranjan Patra DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA - 769008 MAY 2014 II Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela – 769008 Odisha, India www.nitrkl.ac.in CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Physical Properties of Cenosphere” submitted by Mr. Subharjit Sen (Roll No. 212CE1063) in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Master of Technology Degree in Civil Engineering with specialization in Geo-Technical Engineering at National Institute of Technology, Rourkela is an authentic work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the thesis has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma. Date: Dr. C R Patra Place: Professor Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela – 769008 III Acknowledgment I am heartily thankful to my supervisor, Dr. C.R.Patra, whose encouragement, supervision and support from the preliminary to the concluding level enabled me to develop an understanding of the subject. I cannot fully express my gratitude to the exceptional team at Department of Civil engineering, NIT Rourkela including my friends. I am really thankful to Dr. Dillip KumarPradhan, for his generosity, faith and superb guidance. I extend my thanks to Ph.D. scholars Mr. Satya Narayan Tripathy, Mr. Tapabrata Dam, Mr. Ashutosh Pattanaik and Mr. Sumanta Kumar Sahoo for their co-operation. For the generous assistance in the research of this project, I would like to acknowledge the Department of Metallurgical and Material Science for providing the required lab set up for my sample preparation, Department of Physics for required slot for dielectric measurement and XRD and Department of Ceramics engineering for FESEM. Lastly, I express my deepest gratitude to my parents, brother and my friends for their moral support and love. Subhrajit Sen Roll No-212ce1063 Department of Civil engineering NIT, Rourkela Rourkela-769008 IV Content Pages І.Chapter-1: Introduction 1.1: What is Cenosphere? 1 1.2: Uses of cenosphere 2 1.3: Constituents of cenosphere 4 1.4: Thermal Analysis 5 1.4.1: Uses of Thermal Analysis Techniques 5 1.4.2: Thermal Analysis Instruments 6 1.4.3: Thermogravimetry 7 1.4.4: Presentation of TGA data 7 1.4.5: Instrumentation of Thermal analyser 7 1.4.6: The Thermobalance 8 1.4.7: Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) 8 1.4.8: Data Presentation 10 1.4.9: Reference Materials 10 1.5: Electrical resistivity 11 1.5.1: Origin of resistance 11 1.5.2: Resistivity 11 1.5.3: Resistivity measurement methods 12 1.5.4: Two probe method 12 1.5.5: Dielectric constant 12 1.5.6: Loss tangent 12 ІІ.Chapter-2: Literature study and Objective 2.1: Literature study 15 2.2: Main objective 18 ІІІ.Chapter-3: Experimental Technique 3.1: Sample Preparation 19 3.1.1: Why these chemicals are used in the cleaning process? 20 3.1.2: Why ultrasonication is required in the sample synthesis? 21 3.2: Particle size distribution 21 3.3: Specific surface area 23 3.4: Compressive strength 25 3.5: Compositional analysis 26 3.6: X-ray diffraction (XRD) 28 3.7: Field emission scanning electron microscope 30 3.8: Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) 30 3.9: Thermal Analysis 31 3.10: Dielectric Property Measurement 32 ІV.Chapter-4: Results and discussion 4.1: Collection of cenosphere 37 4.2: Particle size analysis 37 4.3: Specific Surface Area 38 4.4: Compaction characteristics 38 4.5: Compositional Analysis 41 4.6: Mineralogical composition 42 4.7: Morphological analysis 45 4.8: EDS of cenosphere 46 4.9: Thermal analysis 47 4.10: Electrical Resistivity and Dielectric spectroscopy 48 V. Conclusion 51 VІ. References 52 Abstract Cenospheres are exclusive free flowing powders comprised of hard shelled, hollow, tiny spheres collected from coal ash. Their amount is based on the C and Fe content present in the fly ash. Due to lower value of thermal conductivity, higher particle strength, ultra-low density, impermeability they are used in various industries. However, it is necessary to study the various physical properties of these ash particles for its improved and effective usage. In the present study, systematic investigation of the structural, microstructural, thermal, electrical and mechanical properties of cenosphere have been carried out. X-ray diffraction studies reveal the primary constituents of cenosphere. Quartz, mullite, sillimanite, magnetite, hematite, rutile, dipotassium oxide, calcium oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide are the primary constituent of cenosphere. FESEM micrographs indicate that cenosphere is a hard shelled hollow space. Plerosphere is also found in the light weight particle. Complex impedance spectroscopy has been employed to analyze the bulk properties of the material. The room temperature dielectric study shows the high electrical resistivity property. The frequency dependent dielectric spectroscopy confirms polar characteristics of cenosphere. The average diameter of cenosphere is around 100μm. TGA and DTA thermogram of cenosphere reveals the higher thermal stability of cenosphere. Cenosphere is stable up to 1000◦C with negligible mass loss. The endothermic peak around 300◦C reveals decomposition of carbonaceous material in cenosphere. Compressive strength of cenosphere has been carried out. Compressive strength of cenosphere pellet produced by 6 ton loading is around 7.38 MPa. I LIST OF FIGURES 1.1: Thermal Analyser 6 3.1: Dynamic Light Scattering Zeta Sizer: Malvern Instrument 22 3.2: Blain‟s air permeability apparatus 25 3.3: Uniaxial Compessive strength testing machine 26 3.4: Dye 26 3.5: Pellets 26 3.6: Bragg‟s reflection from crystallographic planes 29 3.7: Interaction of electron beam with specimen 31 3.8: Phase diagram between current and voltage 33 3.9: Variations of and with frequency 33 3.10: Relationship between microstructure-electrical properties in complex impedance plane and an electrical equivalent circuit in complex impedance plane 35 4.1: Collection of cenosphere 37 4.2: Particle size distribution of cenosphere 38 4.3: Particle size distribution of fly ash 39 4.4: XRD diffraction spectra of cenosphere 43 4.5: XRD diffraction spectra of constituent compounds 43 4.6: XRD diffraction spectra of constituent compounds 44 4.7: XRD diffraction spectra of fly ash 44 4.8: Distribution of cenosphere Matrix 45 4.9: Average size of cenosphere 45 4.10: Cenosphere 46 4.11: Void space of cenosphere 46 4.12: Plerosphere 46 4.13: Thickness of cenosphere diameter 46 4.14: EDS of cenosphere 47 4.15:EDS of Fly ash 47 4.16: TGA and DTA pattern of cenosphere sample 48 4.17: Dielectric permittivity and loss tangent of cenosphere 49 4.18: Electrical resistance and capacitance of cenosphere 49 4.19: Complex impedance and phase angle of cenosphere 50 II LIST OF TABLES 4.1: Compressive Strength for 6 ton cenosphere pellets 40 4.2: Compressive Strength for 4 ton cenosphere pellets 40 4.3: Chemical composition (wt. %) of the cenosphere sample 41 4.4: Chemical composition (wt. %) of the fly ash sample 41 III Chapter-1 Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 What is Cenosphere? Coal fired boilers are extensively used to produce steam for production of electricity. A common form of boiler uses a pulverized coal that is injected into a furnace. Fly ash is produced by of burning coal in boiler. Some of the improved fly ash is commercially utilizable in concrete, concrete products, cement production, sewage sludge stabilization, pavement base materials, lightweight aggregate, reinforced plastics, and other miscellaneous purposes. The residual fly ash must usually be disposed of by land filling since it has hardly any commercial value. It is well acknowledged that landfill space is quickly failing in many regions and that the construction of new landfills is very expensive. In this way, much endeavor has been administered at discovering utilization for fly ash remains with the goal that the fly ash does not require to be land filled and any usable item from this waste material is praiseworthy. Depending on the composition of coal the composition of fly ash varies. Therefore, to be used in specific applications material specifications have been developed for this waste material. The particular shows that these waste particles are made for the most part of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and iron oxide. Different types of structures are observed in the particles in fly ash. A few particles in fly ash are strong. Different particles in fly ash are empty and are called cenospheres. The expression "cenosphere" is determined from two Greek words, kenos (empty) and sphaira (sphere). Cenospheres are lightweight, idle, and empty circles basically comprising of silica and alumina, are loaded with air or gasses, and are by results of the ignition of pulverised coal at the warm power plants. A cenosphere is a lightweight, idle, empty sphere made to a great extent of silica and alumina and loaded with air or inactive gas, commonly processed as a by-result of coal burning at warm power plants. Cenospheres fluctuates from light black color to practically white shade and their specific gravity extends in the middle of 0.4–0.8 g/cm³, which offers them extraordinary lightness.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ash Cenosphere Formation, Fragmentation and Its Contribution To
    Department of Chemical Engineering Ash Cenosphere Formation, Fragmentation and its Contribution to Particulate Matter Emission during Solid Fuels Combustion Yi Li This thesis is presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Curtin University March 2012 DECLARATION Declaration To the best of my knowledge and belief this thesis contains no material previously published by any other person except where due acknowledgment has been made. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university. Signature: ……………………………… Date: ………………………...……. Ash Cenosphere Formation during Solid Fuels Combustion I DEDICATION To my beloved family Ash Cenosphere Formation during Solid Fuels Combustion II ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Electricity generated from stationary coal-fired power stations has been playing an important role in powering the global economy and is projected to continue its key role in the foreseeable future. However, substantial quantities of fly ash are produced from coal-fired power stations as solid wastes every year, not only exerting significant pressure on waste management but also having adversely impacts on environment. Therefore, there has been considerable R&D to develop technologies for minimizing these adverse impacts of fly ash via various routes e.g. fly ash utilisation. Ash cenospheres are light-weight, thin-walled and hollow ash particles as part of the fly ash produced from solid fuels combustion. These light-weight ash particles are considered to be valuable materials for manufacturing various value-added products. Since almost half a century ago, substantial R&D was conducted to characterize ash cenospheres and understand their formation mechanisms during the combustion of pulverised solid fuels e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article an Investigation on Strength Development of Cement with Cenosphere and Silica Fume As Pozzolanic Replacement
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Materials Science and Engineering Volume 2016, Article ID 9367619, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9367619 Publication Year 2016 Research Article An Investigation on Strength Development of Cement with Cenosphere and Silica Fume as Pozzolanic Replacement K. Senthamarai Kannan,1 L. Andal,2 and M. Shanmugasundaram3 1 DepartmentofCivilEngineering,SyedAmmalEngineeringCollege,Ramanathapuram,TamilNadu623502,India 2Department of Civil Engineering, Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625009, India 3Department of Civil Engineering, Valliammai Engineering College, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu 603203, India Correspondence should be addressed to K. Senthamarai Kannan; [email protected] Received 22 February 2016; Revised 24 April 2016; Accepted 24 May 2016 Academic Editor: Ana S. Guimaraes˜ Copyright © 2016 K. Senthamarai Kannan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In the detailed study presented in this paper, an attempt was made to study the strength of cement when cenosphere (CS) and silica fume (SF) were used as replacement. Tests were carried out on mix with cenosphere as replacement for cement which has 12% of constant replacement of silica fume to the mass of cement, and this is made to stabilize the strength which was lost due to addition of cenosphere. From the test results, it was concluded that the strength loss of binder due to replacement of cenosphere can be stabilized by silica fume and still a safe value of strength can be achieved. Furthermore, the strength reduction is due to the consumption of hydration products and cloggy microstructure as observed in this study.
    [Show full text]
  • FLY Ash Cenosphere Waste Formation in Coal Fired Power Plants and Its Applicationas a Structural Material- a Review
    International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 8, August - 2013 FLY Ash Cenosphere Waste Formation In Coal Fired Power Plants And Its Applicationas A Structural Material- A Review Joseph. K. V, Finjin Francis, Joyson Chacko, P.Das And G. Hebbar Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Christ University, Kombalgadu, Bangalore ABSTRACT Ash cenosphereis part of fly ash exhibiting spherical shape. It isproduced frompulverized coal combustionin coal-fired power stations. The term cenosphere was originated from Greek kenos (hollow) and sphaira (sphere), firstly used by Sinnatt’s research group, to describe hollow char particles formed during coal pyrolysis. Ash cenospheres refer to ash particles that are hollow, of a low bulk density (lowerthan that of water),andis typically collected from the surface of ash lagoons.India produces a considerable amount of fly ash from the coal-fired power generation industry and is one of the countries with the lowest ash utilization.Only 10% of fly ash produced is used, mainly in the building and construction industry.The large quantities of fly ash impose significant pressure on environment and waste management. The impact ,however, could be minimized by effective ash utilization. A range of potential industry applications of cenosphere is reviewed in this article (key words- cenosphere ,coal, pulverized, construction, pyrolysis ) 1 Introduction IJERTIJERT Ash cenospheres are hollow lightweight micro-spheres(see Fig1(a)) as part of fly ash produced during pulverized coal combustion for power generation.3–6. They have superior properties including a light weight, good packing factor, enhanced insulation, improved flow characteristics, reduced shrinkage, less water absorption, excellent mechanical strength, chemical inertness, good thermal resistance, and good electrical properties.Ash cenosphere utilization offer significant manufacturing advantages, product improvement, and cost reduction in a wide range of industrial processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Next-Generation Sustainable Composites Made of Recycled Rubber, Cenospheres, and Biobinder
    polymers Article Towards Next-Generation Sustainable Composites Made of Recycled Rubber, Cenospheres, and Biobinder Kristine Irtiseva 1, Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis 2,* , Viktors Mironovs 2, Jurijs Ozolins 1, Vijay Kumar Thakur 3 , Gaurav Goel 4 , Janis Baronins 5 and Andrei Shishkin 1,5 1 Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, Riga LV-1007, Latvia; [email protected] (K.I.); [email protected] (J.O.); [email protected] (A.S.) 2 Scientific Laboratory of Powder Materials & Institute of Aeronautics, 6B Kipsalas Str., Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Riga LV-1048, Latvia; [email protected] 3 Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; [email protected] 4 School of Engineering, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE 10AA, UK; [email protected] 5 Maritime Transport Department, Latvian Maritime Academy, 12, Flotes Str., k-1, Riga LV-1016, Latvia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +371-29536301 Abstract: The utilisation of industrial residual products to develop new value-added materials and reduce their environmental footprint is one of the critical challenges of science and industry. Development of new multifunctional and bio-based composite materials is an excellent opportunity for the effective utilisation of residual industrial products and a right step in the Green Deal’s direction Citation: Irtiseva, K.; Lapkovskis, V.; as approved by the European Commission.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Fly-Ash Cenospheres on Properties of Clay-Ceramic Syntactic Foams
    materials Article Effect of Fly-Ash Cenospheres on Properties of Clay-Ceramic Syntactic Foams Kristine Rugele 1, Dirk Lehmhus 2,3, Irina Hussainova 4, Julite Peculevica 1, Marks Lisnanskis 5 and Andrei Shishkin 1,* 1 Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of Riga Technical University (RTU), Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; [email protected] (K.R.); [email protected] (J.P.) 2 ISIS Sensorial Materials Scientific Centre, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; [email protected] 3 MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany 4 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; [email protected] 5 SMW Engineering—Latvia, Kr. Barona 3, LV-1050, Riga, Latvia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +371-275-336-44 Received: 19 June 2017; Accepted: 11 July 2017; Published: 19 July 2017 Abstract: A low-density clay ceramic syntactic foam (CSF) composite material was successfully synthesized from illitic clay added by fly ash cenospheres (CS) using the semi-dry formation method. The content of CS varied in the range of 10, 30, 50 and 60 vol %. Furthermore, reference samples without cenospheres were produced for property comparison. The materials comprising different amount of the additives were fired at temperatures of 600, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150 and 1200 ◦C. Firing times were kept constant at 30 min. Processing characteristics of the materials were evaluated in terms of density achieved and shrinkage observed as functions of both the CS content and the sintering temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Partial Replacement of Cement with Cenosphere As Pozzolanic Material in Concrete
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 12 | Dec 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH CENOSPHERE AS POZZOLANIC MATERIAL IN CONCRETE Mr. I. Michael Raj1, Mr. J. Robinson 2 1Assisstant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, RVS Technical Campus, Coimbatore-641402, India, 2PG student, Department of Civil Engineering, RVS Technical Campus, Coimbatore-641402, India ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - A Cenosphere is a lightweight, inert, hollow As we all know that carbon di-oxide is one of the sphere made largely of silica and alumina and filled with air significant greenhouse gas and it contribute to the or inert gas, between 10-300 mm in diameter. In an effort to environmental pollution is very high. The ordinary Portland understand the potential for practical use of the Cenosphere cement also consume natural resources like limestone etc., as a fine aggregate in concrete, the moisture uptake and loss that is why we cannot producing more quantity of cement in Cenosphere and water uptake and loss in Cenosphere and there is a need to economize the use of cement. To concrete composites have been studied. The equilibrium economize the cement is to replace cement with moisture content of Cenosphere is about 18 times higher supplementary cementitious materials. Cement is the key than that of sand, reflecting the porous nature of Cenosphere component of concrete that binds the other components (NC). With the reference of various literature that the together to give the required strength. performance and characteristic of Cenosphere with the replacement of cement are surveyed.
    [Show full text]
  • Polymer Foam /Fly Ash Composites
    University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations August 2017 Polymer Foam /Fly Ash Composites: Evaluation of Mechanical, Interfacial, Thermal, Viscoelastic and Microstructural Properties Parisa Khoshnoud University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Materials Science and Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Khoshnoud, Parisa, "Polymer Foam /Fly Ash Composites: Evaluation of Mechanical, Interfacial, Thermal, Viscoelastic and Microstructural Properties" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 1649. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1649 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. POLYMER FOAM /FLY ASH COMPOSITES: EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL, INTERFACIAL, THERMAL, VISCOELASTIC AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES by Parisa Khoshnoud A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctoral of Philosophy in Engineering at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee August 2017 ABSTRACT POLYMER FOAM /FLY ASH COMPOSITES: EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL, INTERFACIAL, THERMAL, VISCOELASTIC, AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES by Parisa Khoshnoud The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2017 Under the Supervision of Dr. Nidal H Abu-Zahra Fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion process in power plants, consists of fine, powdery particles that are predominantly spherical in shape, either solid or hollow, and mostly glassy (amorphous) in nature. It is capable of being recovered and used as a low-cost reinforcing filler. Adding fly ash particles to a thermoplastic foam poses many challenges to understanding the physical, mechanical, viscoelastic, thermal, and morphological changes to the composite.
    [Show full text]
  • Fabrication and Characterization of Al 7075-Cenosphere Composite & Its
    International Journal of Research Studies in Science, Engineering and Technology Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2015, PP 7-20 ISSN 2349-4751 (Print) & ISSN 2349-476X (Online) Fabrication and Characterization of Al 7075-Cenosphere Composite & Its Comparison with Pure Al 7075: A Review Vikrant Chandel1, Onkar Singh Bhatia2, M.S. Sethi3 1 Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engg. Green Hills Engg. College, Solan, India 2Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engg. Green Hills Engg. College, Solan, India 3Professor, Department of Mechanical Engg. Green Hills Engg. College, Solan, India Abstract: In this paper, the various methods of fabrication & characterization of Al 7075-cenosphere composite & its comparison with pure Al 7075 alloy are reviewed. Composites are most successful & widely used materials used for recent works in the industry as these possess significantly improved properties including high tensile strength, toughness, hardness, low density and good wear resistance compared to alloys or any other metal. There has been an increasing interest in composites containing low density and low cost reinforcements. Al 7075 alloy as matrix and cenosphere as reinforcement has been identified since it has potential applications in aircraft and space industries because of lower weight to strength ratio, high wear resistance and creep resistance. Among various reinforced materials used, cenosphere (a small proportion of the pulverised fuel ash (PFA) produced from the combustion of coal in power stations) is one of the most inexpensive and low density reinforcement available in large quantities as waste product during combustion of coal in thermal power plants. Hence, composites of Al 7075 with cenosphere as reinforcement are likely to overcome the cost barrier as well as the different physical and mechanical properties for wide use in the today’s world & serve a wide range of applications.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Epoxy Reinforced with Glass Fibre and Cenosphere
    ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753 ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 5, Issue 10, October 2016 Characterization of Epoxy Reinforced with Glass Fibre and Cenosphere Akshay S N 1, Sachin Arakeri 2, Manoj G S 3, Kiran G Hiremath 4, Sourabh Savadatti 5 , Soumya S Tuppad 6 U.G. Student, Department of Industrial Production, B V Bhoomaraddi College of Engineering and Technology, Hubballi, Karnataka, India1, 2, 3, 4 U.G. Student, Department of Instrumentation Technology, B V Bhoomaraddi College of Engineering and Technology, Hubballi, Karnataka, India 5, 6 ABSTRACT: combination of two or more materials to form a new material system with improvised material properties like mechanical, thermal, electrical etc. is called a composite material. A mixture of two or more materials (reinforcement, resin, filler, etc.) differing in form of composition on a macro scale produces new material based on various combinations of compositions. The constituents retain their identities, i.e. they do not dissolve or merge into each other, although they act in concert. Normally, the components can be physically identified and exhibit an interface between each other. Artificially produced multiphase materials have properties better than those of conventional materials (metals, ceramics, or polymers). KEYWORDS: Cenosphere, Epoxy, & Glass fiber. I. INTRODUCTION Composites materials, usually prepared by humans, that are a three-dimensional combination of at least two chemically distinct materials (metals, ceramics or polymers), with a distinct interface dividing the components, mixed to generate properties that cannot be achieved by any of the components acting alone.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Cenosphere on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composite
    EFFECT OF CENOSPHERE ON THE MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBER REINFORCED HYBRID COMPOSITE Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Industrial Design by Soma Dalbehera (Roll Number: 512ID1005) based on research carried out Under the supervision of Prof. Samir Kumar Acharya August, 2016 Department of Industrial Design National Institute of Technology Rourkela Department of Industrial Design National Institute of Technology Rourkela Certificate of Examination Roll Number: 512ID1005 Name: Soma Dalbehera Title of Dissertation: Effect of cenosphere on the mechanical and tribological Properties of natural fiber reinforced hybrid composite We the below signed, after checking the dissertation mentioned above and the official record book (s) of the student, hereby state our approval of the dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Industrial Design at National Institute of Technology Rourkela. We are satisfied with the volume, quality, correctness, and originality of the work. Prof. D. Sarkar Prof. S.K. Acharya Member, DSC Principal Supervisor Prof. H.B. Sahu Prof. B B V L Deepak Member, DSC Member, DSC Prof. B. B. Biswal External Examiner Chairperson, DSC Prof. Md. Rajik Khan Head of the Department i Department of Industrial Design National Institute of Technology Rourkela Prof. Samir Kumar Acharya 22nd August 2016 Professor Supervisors’ Certificate This is to certify that the work presented in this dissertation entitled “Effect of cenosphere on the mechanical and tribological Properties of natural fiber reinforced hybrid compositeˮ by Soma Dalbehera, Roll Number 512ID1005, is a record of original research carried out by her under my supervision and guidance in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Industrial Design.
    [Show full text]
  • Partial Replacement of Cement with Cenosphere As Pozzolanic Materials in Concrete
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH CENOSPHERE AS POZZOLANIC MATERIALS IN CONCRETE DHIVYA. P1, MINNALKODI. G2, Dr. DHANALAKSHMI. G3 1,2 ME (Structural Engineering), Department of Civil Engineering, Oxford Engineering College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India 3Professor & Head, Department of Civil Engineering, Oxford Engineering college, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - In an effort to understand the potential for 2. MATERIAL USED practical use of the Cenosphere as a fine aggregate in concrete, the moisture uptake and loss by Cenosphere and 2.1 Cement water uptake and loss in Cenosphere concrete composites have been studied. With the reference of various literature The cement used for this study is Ordinary Portland that the performance and characteristic of Cenosphere with Cement 53 grade as per IS 12269 – 1987. the replacement of cement are surveyed. Initially tests were carried out on the mix with Cenosphere as replacement at 2.2 Sand various percentages such as (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) by mass of cement. Various tests are conducted to find the The fine aggregate was used clean dry river sand property of the Cenosphere concrete materials. The main conforming to IS 383:1970. The sand was sieved to test such as Compressive Strength for Concrete Split Tensile remove pebbles. The total fines content of the mix is the Strength for Concrete and Flextural Strength of concrete function of both the binder and filler content and the fine have been conducted. On comparing the results of aggregate content with the grading of fine aggregate being Cenosphere Concrete with that of conventional concrete, 5% particularly important.
    [Show full text]