DISTRICT PRESENTATION ON VILLAGE VISIT

DISTRICT : WARANGAL(RURAL)

SUBMITTED BY : SHIPRA SRIVASTAVA (DISTRICT GROUP LEADER) DEMOGRAPHY

 Warangal Rural district

District of Telangana  1,049 villages in 2011 Census (of which 88 Uninhabited and 961 habited), 51 Mandals (50 Rural and 1 urban), 5 Revenue Divisions, 15 Towns (2 Statutory (Warangal M. Crop and Jangaon Municipality) and 13 New Census Towns) and 1 Urban Agglomeration.  Government • District collector Patil Prashanth Jeevan  Area • Total 2,175.50 km2 (839.97 sq mi)  Population (2011) • Total 716,457  Density 330/km2 (850/sq mi DISTRICT HIGHLIGHTS - 2011 CENSUS

 Warangal district stands 11TH POSITION IN TERMS OF AREA with 12,846 Sq. Kms., and ranks 13th in terms of population with 35,12,576 persons in the State.  Warangal district stands 6TH IN TERMS OF URBAN AREA with 377.37 Sq. Kms., and ranks 10th in terms of urban population with 9,92,333 persons in the State, while it stands 11th in terms of rural area with 12,468.63 Sq. Kms., and ranks 12th in terms of rural population with 25,20,243 persons in the State.  The district ranks 11TH IN TERMS OF HOUSEHOLDS with 8,86,279 as against 7,29,110 households in 2001.  The district ranks 14TH IN TERMS OF TOTAL NUMBER OF VILLAGES with 1049 as against 1071 in 2001.  The district ranks 12TH POSITION IN THE STATE IN TERMS OF SEX-RATIO with 997 as against 973 in 2001.  The district ranks 14TH IN TERMS OF DENSITY with 273 persons per Sq. Km., as against 253 in 2001.  The district ranks 12TH IN TERMS OF LITERACY with 20,65,023 literates as against 15,95,745 in 2001.  The district is with 17,05,655 workers and 18,06,921 non- workers as against 15,66,237 workers and 16,79,767 non- workers in 2001 VILLAGE VISITED WITH GROUPS

 VILLAGE: KANNARAOPET MANDAL: NALLEBELLI GROUP MEMBERS:  RUBI RANI (GL)  PIYUSH KUMAR PATHAK  APEKSHA AGARWAL  AYUSH PUNIA  VILLAGE: RANGAPUR MANDAL: KHANAPUR GROUP MEMBERS:  AMIT KANWAR (GL)  RYEES AKHTAR  ABHINANDANA P  PRIYA SARAF  BIPLAB SARKAR

 VILLAGE: SAIREDDIPALLY MANDAL: NEKKONDA GROUP MEMBERS:  MUKUND BIHARI(GL)  KARMA THINLEY  SUBODH PRATAP SINGH  VINEET JAISWAL  SOUVIK NASKAR  AKSHAY SINGH

 VILLAGE:MAQDUMPUR MANDAL: CHENNAROPET o KRISHNA RAO BODDEPALLI (GL) o RAM SINGH o DONA FRANCIS o ANSHIKA BHATNAGAR o SAHIL GARG o VILLAGE: SAIREDDIPALLY MANDAL: NEKKONDA GROUP MEMBERS: • SHIPRA SRIVASTAVA (GL) • CHINNEIVAH HAOKIP • SONAM GAKI

DEMOGRAPHY STATISTICS OF DIFFERENT VILLAGES ON-GOING SCHEMES IN WARANGAL

POVERTY

REASONS FOR POVERTY

• Kannaraopet is a rain fed Water region.The source of irrigation are generally open wells, Bore wells Deficiency and tanks.

• Cotton is sold to Cotton Low prices Corporation of India, Paddy to FCI but no formal market for chillies of crops • Stringent conditions for government procurement. •There is no bank in Kannaraopet, Other •Cooperative Society is also in Nallabelly mandal. •The road connectivity to the mandal is very poor. Reasons MGNREGS

Land Development Land Development Land Development Project in low Projects in the lands Project in fallow productive cultivable of small and lands of SC/ST lands in rain fed marginal farmers areas of SC/ST

Horticulture Mahatma Gandhi Plantation Project Ground Water Afforestation Project (HPP): Recharge project

Micro Irrigation Tank OBSERVATIONS

Under NREGS the minimum wage per day is Rs.50 and the maximum is Rs.194

All the wage payments are made in the individual workers account and collect it from post office. Biometric identification is done to avoid forgery

Wage parity between male and female workers

The bargaining power of wage workers has increased over a period of time.

On the other hand farmers complain about the scheme because post NREGS, the wages of workers have increased manifolds TEAK MAGIC PLANTATIO SOAK PIT NS FARM POND PAYMENT BEING MADE IN POST OFFICE ACCOUNT HARITHA HARAM MISSION Road Built under Tree Plantations MGNREGS in School SELF HELP GROUPS  SHGs are very influential in the village

 Political influence is evident as in all the elections ranging from Panchayat, MLA or even in MP elections, they hold a very special position and is acting as a pivotal agent in the village.

 Economic empowerment is visible as the money remains in the women’s account and this has paved the way towards financial independence of women.

 The SHGs are also acting as a social pressure groups. Recently, the Prathibha SHGs helped in resolving the dispute between a girl from the village and her in-Laws successfully.

 “GUPPEDUBIYYAM”: this is a local initiative taken by the SHGs ladies. Under this initiative, each of them contributed a handful of rice and collected in a pot. Then the collected rice was distributed among the poor in the village.

OTHER POLICIES FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION

 Bank Linkage Program  STHREENIDHI  INDIRAMMA SCHEME  Self-Employment Programme for SC/ST/BC/Minorities  KALYAN LAXMI-SHAADI MUBARAK SCHEME  FARM MECHANISATION

NSR MILK DAIRY

• This initiative is helping people in Kannaraopet to earn additional income.

• The fat content of the milk is tested with the help of the machine and the villagers are paid according to the fat content on 15 days basis.

• Thus this is also helping people in diversifying the income sources PDS RECOMMEN DATIONS Biometric The VRO charges Rs 600 per system cropping season for opening should be of the gate of the Minor adopted in Irrigation Tank constructed PDS scheme under Mission Kakatiya.

Construction of more The land toilets in the School for titles should girls as well as boys as be currently for boys there is transferred no toilet. The compound to the wall of school should be current constructed. cultivators

The kitchen for Mid-day meal should There is only one ambulance which is catering to the be provided needs of around 25000 with the people in 13 to 14 villages. LPG connection EDUCATION

WARANGAL : A GLANCE

. 4th largest city in Andhra Pradesh . known for important educational institutions

CG SG MPP/ZP Total P 1360 9343 GOVT. SCHOOLS 6 1,07,04 9 2 7

PVT. PVT.UNAID Total AID ED 584 1,22,67 PVT. SCHOOLS 116827 6 3

GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO (GER)

'Gross Enrolment Ratio' as the total enrolment within a region "in a specific level of education, regardless of age, expressed GERas a forpercentage (6 -10) Age of thegroup population , in the GERofficial for age (11 group -13) Age group , enrolmentcorresponding in class to this (1 – level 5) of education.enrolment in class (6 – 8)

For ALL :- For ALL :- The gross enrolment ratio can be greater than 100% as a 1. BOYS 104.55 1. BOYS 79.00 result of grade repetition and entry at ages younger or older than the 2. typical GIRLS age at 103.44 that grade level. 2. GIRLS 80.12 3.TOTAL 104.02 3.TOTAL 79.54

GER for (6 -10) Age group , GER for (11 -13) Age group , enrolment in class (1 – 5) enrolment in class (6 – 8)

For SC :- For SC :- 1. BOYS 105.82 1. BOYS 87.61 2. GIRLS 104.47 2. GIRLS 89.20 3.TOTAL 105.16 3.TOTAL 88.40 OBSERVATIONS

 Anganwadi caters to the children between age group 1 -5 years.

 Anganwadi was being run in a private rented house. Anganwadi worker and AAYA both were from another village so in term of employment issue it was a major concern of villagers.

 Toys and basic instruments were their for a better learning.  We have tested the food and it was quite satisfactory.

 UPS (UPPER Primary School) is there which cater to class 1 to 6.  It was being reported that teachers were coming late but during our stay there we have not found such an issue.  Boys toilet was not in working condition whereas Girls toilet was in a working condition .

 There was 4 computers available in the school but none of them was in a working condition.

 Low enrolment in The UPS school was a challenge for the govt school as the reason being said by govt . is absence of English medium curriculum.

 Mid day meal was not that much satisfactory

SUGGESTIONS

 More Awareness  Introducing English as a medium  Better and healthy mid day meal  Parents teacher committee more vigilant  competition among schools  Counseling to parents  More infrastructure WEIGHING MACHINE AT ANGANWARI SWACCH BHARAT MISSION OBSERVATIONS:

 Cleanliness quotient of some of the village is very low while some were to a large extent in good condtion.

 Almost in every village awareness of SBM was good.

 NONE OF THE VILLAGERS EXCEPT FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN, TEACHERS AND GP MEMBERS PARTICIPATED IN THE CAMPAIGN DONE BY US in some villages.

 NO TOILETS and OPEN DEFECATION is a major problem in some of the villages.

 No dustbins in schools, houses, roads. People have a habbit of throwing all waste on roads.

 DRAINAGE not well planned in some of the villages.  Problems faced:  Open defecation leads to many diseases in village and primarily during rainy season with no drainage facility in the village adding to it.  On interrogation with the Gram Panchayat the reason was reported by the Sarpanch was non-availability of budget. Inspite of repeated demands by the GP the fund is not released.  Most of the villagers are aware of the incentive of Rs.12000/- by the govt. and as reported by the GP 146 toilets have been sanctioned this year but still there is no toilet. The reason ported to us by the villagers is 6000/- is given after half of the work is done and most of them don’t have enough money to start the project. And hence most of them are aware but because of insufficient amount to start up the project do not have toilets.

 SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS:

 Awareness about the importance of cleanliness is to be increased.

 The issue needs to be discussed in the GP meeting more often.

 Assistance from the GP to the weaker sections to help them start building toilets and retrieve it back after they get the incentive from govt.

 The GP need to be pro-active and take an initiative of placing dustbins t infront of the houses and on junctions of houses and compulsorily in schools.

 Every Saturday teachers should take an initiative of conducting an SBM activity by the children with their assistance to increase awareness.

 The funds from govt. to the GP for drainage facility should be met soon. There should be a proper co-ordination between GP and Revenue Development Officer.

 Construction of common community toilets for each block can help reduce the construction cost and increase availability to landless HH.

 Community Bio-toilets with biomass capture to generate biogas can be constructed. This can help in providing cheap mature to farmers, biogas for cooking and community intensive to use toilets. Also, it will help provide toilet to those who don’t have land for construction.

AGRICULTURE VILLAGES VISITED IN WARANGAL DISTRICT

 KANNARAOPET (Nallabelly Mandal)  RANGAPUR (Khanapur Mandal)  KAMMAPALLY (Narsampet Mandal)  SAIREDDYPALLY (Nekkonda Mandal)  MAQDUMPUR (Chennaraopet Mandal)

14 Mandals & 2 Revenue Divisions : Warangal (Rural) & Narsampet All the above 5 mandals in Narsampet Mandal

MAJOR CROPS OF THE DISTRICT

 PADDY  TURMERIC  MAIZE  GROUND NUT  CHILLI  RED GRAM / GREEN GRAM  COTTON  SOYABEAN

Soil Type in the Area: Red Loamy Sandy Soils

MAJOR SOURCES OF IRRIGATION:  MI (Minor Irrigation) Tanks Open/ Dug Wells Bore Wells Canal Irrigation (Pakal Lake) CATEGORY OF FARMERS

 About 70 % of the farmers are marginal farmers in the region.  Unemployment major issue for landless agricultural labourers.  Seasonal Employment (only for 3 months in a year)  Land ownership titles not available to many farmers. Category of Farmers Rangapur Kannaraopet Marginal Farmer (Below 1 ha) 340 233 Small Farmer 77 182 Other Farmers 19 65 Tenant Famers 13 21 Landless Farmers (Agricultural Labourers) 36 Total number of Farmers 485  Smaller the size of land holdings, smaller the level of mechanization of the agriculture and also the yield/ productivity is lower. Crop Yield Kg/Acre Net Returns (per acre) Paddy 2100 9610 Cotton 800 5920 Maize 2500 10900 Groundnut 800 17400

Soyabean 800 9800  Productivity much lower in rainfed areas.  Lack of irrigation facility restricts cultivation of groundnut on large scale despite having highest net returns ISSUES IN AGRICULTURE

 Lack of Canal Irrigation Facilities  Quantity risk associated with rice and cotton (price risk curbed by FCI and CCI)  Price as well as quantity risks in other crops  Lack of mechanization in agriculture; not many tractors were observed in the farms  No irrigation facility for second crop in a season.  Hard rock found beneath the soil makes it difficult to dig open wells or put bore wells at many places

ISSUES IN AGRICULTURE

 Lack of institutional credit for agricultural purposes, especially for landless, small and marginal farmers.  Absence of Patta passbooks with many farmers cultivating their own land.  Lack of Agricultural Marketing facilities

 Self- Help Groups and Stree Nidhi Banks under SERP good initiative to facilitate credit to farmers, especially women farmers and labourers

SUGGESTIVE MEASURES  Canal irrigation facilities need to be improved.  Water supply from the Pakal Lake for irrigation purpose be increased and made more regular.  Ponds need to be constructed under the MGNREGA.  Creation and strengthening of MI Tanks under Mission Kakatiya  MSP should also be announced for crops like pulses etc.  Land Reforms need to implemented properly

LAND REFORMS Andhra Pradesh / Telangana had a strong legacy of pro poor land legislations, but many last mile challenges prevail:  Skewed ration of revenue officers and surveyors v/s land matters to be resolved.  Weak dispute resolution and legal aid mechanisms.  Powerful vested interests in the villages.  Prevalent corruption in the revenue department dealing with land records at the village level.  Pattas are not given even though poor are in occupation of unobjectionable lands  Pattas are given, but possession not shown .  Regularisation of Lands bought on plain paper (sadabainama)

LAND REFORMS

Telangana govt. recently took initiative to provide Pattas to farmers who bought their land on ‘sadabainama’ and update their names in the Pattadar list

But many problems prevail in implementation:  Absence of Link documents  Incidence of corruption in revenue department in villages.  Consent not given by the person whose name appears in the Pattadar list.

SUGGESTIVE MEASURES

 The government’s initiative to give Pattas to Sadabainama holders needs to be properly implemented.  Resolution of disputes regarding consent from the initial Pattadar need to expedite.  Forms for land titles, survey numbers etc. should be made available at the Panchayat level.  Full Digitisation of land records.  Security to tenants for land cultivation.  Distribution of government land to the poor needs to be expedited. HEALTH OBSERVATIONS:

 There was no sub centre in some of the villages .

 There is a rural medical practioner (RMP) in the village for basic health care who is not a govt. agent. He is not registered.

 ASHA worker seems to be very passionate towards her work . She maintained a proper register where we observed MCTS is working properly. ALSO her focuss on enhancing institutionalised delivery was satisfactory.

 Pregnant womens were being provided a proper diet in Anganwadi . We tasted food it was good.

 Pregnant women mainly prefers Area Hospital over PHC for their child delivery.

 There was availability of Ambulance which can be arranged in emergency situation to nekkonda mandal PHC.

 There was no case of malnutritioned and stunted growth of childrens as oobserved in the anganwadi and school.

 The dominant form of medicare was allopathic .

 There was a medical shop at the entrance of the village where basic and some life saving drugs are available

 Liquor was a major concern as it slowly degrades the health and it was being sold in even kirana stores openly.

 Sanitation and awareness towards it was found low in the village.

 There is a proper coordination among ASHA , ANGANWADI and ANM which was a positive point for the village.  SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS:

• 2 ASHA workers not enough to cater whole of the village : increase in their number would ensure better quality.  Increase in their salary is one of the motive for them to boost up their work efficiency.  Construction of PHC or a sub-centre is the need of the hour and can be taken under MGNREGS.  Increase in visits by the doctor in the village and a proper accountability of it.  Availibilty of ambulance to be increased .  Clean filter drinking water be provided to villagers.

PANCHAYATI RAJ INSTITUTIONS

 Gram Sabha  Basic unit of local administration  It consists of members that include every adult in the village

 It performs the following functions  They play a vital role by electing the right candidates as members of Gram Panchayat  They keep a check on the activities of Gram Panchayat  They influence the decisions for the welfare of the village  They conduct general meetings

HOW EFFECTIVELY DOES IT FUNCTION??

 Atleast once in a month it is held  The meetings can also be called for to discuss important issues if 10 members sign an application for it.  Public participation is low normally  It is observed that all financial decisions are taken at gram panchayat office itself with the opinion of panchayat members only.  In certain cases, where it is to be decided who the beneficiaries are etc., participation is there with heated arguments  It playc crucial role in the implementation of programmes like NREGS, IHL etc

RESOURCES & FINANCE OF PANCHAYAT

 Sources of funds  Grants from the Union Government based on the recommendations of the Central Finance Commission  Devolution from the State Government based on the recommendations of the State Finance Commission  Loans/grants from the State Government  Programme-specific allocation under Centrally Sponsored Schemes and Additional Central Assistance  Internal Resource Generation (tax and non-tax)

 Internal Resource Generation  House tax  Local taxes  VERY MINIMAL  Financially constrained and dependent on external funds  The contract employees are paid from the same fund  Some good works done  Completion of CC Road  Women participation  They participate actively in Swachh Bharat campaigns  Because of SHG groups, ASHA and ANM workers – a new confidence can be observed in the village folks  But still the sarpanch/ ward members are still the proxies of husband/ son etc ... Yet to change on this front SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS:

 For many of the issues that were not resolved in the village a major reason stated by the sarpanch was non-availability of budget. Hence the demands by the GP should be met.  A proper training to be provide to the GP members for them to work efficiently.  The meetings between sarpanch and RDO should be on a regular basis.

THANK YOU…!!!