DOCSLIB.ORG

Audit Report Cover Sheet Jan07

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Audit Report Cover Sheet Jan07 CLEVELAND METROPOLITAN PARK DISTRICT CUYAHOGA COUNTY REGULAR AUDIT FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009 & 2008 Cleveland Metropolitan Park District, Cuyahoga County General Purpose External Financial Statements For the Years Ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 Table of Contents Page Independent Accountants’ Report ................................................................................................................ 1 General Purpose Financial Statements Management’s Discussion and Analysis ....................................................................................................... 3 Basic Financial Statements Statement of Net Assets - Governmental Activities ............................................................................. 10 Statement of Activities - Governmental Activities ............................................................................... 11 Balance Sheet - Governmental Fund .................................................................................................... 13 Reconciliation of Governmental Fund Balance to Net Assets of Governmental Activities ............................................................................................. 14 Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance - Governmental Fund ..................................................................................................15 Reconciliation of the Changes in Fund Balance of Governmental Fund to the Statement of Activities ........................................................................... 16 Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance – Budget (Non-GAAP Basis) and Actual - General Fund .......................................... 17 Statement of Fiduciary Assets and Liabilities - Agency Funds .................................................................................................................................... 19 Notes to the Basic Financial Statements .............................................................................................. 20 Independent Accountants’ Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and on Compliance and Other Matters Required by Government Auditing Standards ..................... 55 This page intentionally left blank. INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS’ REPORT Cleveland Metropolitan Park District Cuyahoga County 4101 Fulton Parkway Cleveland, Ohio 44144 To the Board of Park Commissioners: We have audited the accompanying financial statements of the governmental activities, the discretely presented component unit, the major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the Cleveland Metropolitan Park District, Cuyahoga County, Ohio (the District), as of and for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, which collectively comprise the District’s basic financial statements as listed in the table of contents. These financial statements are the responsibility of the District’s management. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements based on our audit. We did not audit the financial statements of the Cleveland Zoological Society, the discretely presented component unit. Other auditors audited those financial statements. They have furnished their report thereon to us and we base our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for the Cleveland Zoological Society on the report of the other auditors. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in the Comptroller General of the United States’ Government Auditing Standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to reasonably assure whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe our audit and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. In our opinion, based on our audit and the report of the other auditor, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the respective financial position of the governmental activities, the discretely presented component unit, the major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the Cleveland Metropolitan Park District, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, as of December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, and the respective changes in financial position thereof and the budgetary comparison for the General Fund for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. LauscheBuilding/615SuperiorAve.,NW/=TwelfthFloor/Cleveland,OH441131801= Telephone:(216)7873665(800)6262297Fax:(216)7873361= www.auditor.state.oh.us= = 1 Cleveland Metropolitan Park District Cuyahoga County Independent Accountants’ Report Page 2 In accordance with Government Auditing Standards, we have also issued our report dated August 5, 2010, on our consideration of the District’s internal control over financial reporting and our tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts and grant agreements and other matters. While we did not opine on the internal control over financial reporting or on compliance, that report describes the scope of our testing of internal control over financial reporting and compliance and the results of that testing. That report is an integral part of an audit performed in accordance with Government Auditing Standards. You should read it in conjunction with this report in assessing the results of our audit. Management’s Discussion and Analysis is not a required part of the basic financial statements but is supplementary information accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires. We have applied certain limited procedures, consisting principally of inquiries of management regarding the methods of measuring and presenting the required supplementary information. However, we did not audit the information and express no opinion on it. Mary Taylor, CPA Auditor of State August 5, 2010 2 Cleveland Metropolitan Park District, Cuyahoga County Management’s Discussion and Analysis For the Years Ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 (With Comparative Amounts for 2007) Unaudited The discussion and analysis of Cleveland Metropolitan Park District’s (the District) financial performance provides an overall review of the District’s financial activities for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The intent of this discussion and analysis is to look at the District’s financial performance as a whole; readers should also review the basic financial statements and notes to enhance their understanding of the District’s financial performance. Financial Highlights Key Financial highlights for 2009 are as follows: In total, net assets increased from 2008. This is primarily attributable to an increase in capital assets. Several large capital projects were ongoing in 2009, accounting for the increase in construction in progress, including the African Elephant Crossing Exhibit and the West Creek Reservation Stewardship Center. The construction of the Park Operations and Ranger Management Center in Strongsville and the Giraffe Barn Renovation were both completed in 2009, increasing the buildings category. Land increased as property was acquired or donated, primarily for the West Creek Reservation. Capital grant revenue increased as a result of donations of land for the West Creek Reservation. Expenditures increased over 2008. This increase is primarily due to higher employee salary and benefit costs. Employees received an increase in pay during 2009 and employer contributions to fund both health insurance and pension (for law-enforcement employees) increased. These increases were partially offset by less employees throughout the District and through position management. The District evaluates each position and may not fill them if employees resign or retire. Using this Annual Financial Report This annual report consists of a series of financial statements and notes to those statements. These statements are prepared and organized so the reader can understand the District as a financial whole or as an entire operating entity. The statements then proceed to provide an increasingly detailed look at our specific financial conditions. The Statement of Net Assets and Statement of Activities provide information about the activities of the whole District, presenting both an aggregate view of the District’s finances and a longer-term view of those assets. The Statement of Activities shows changes to net assets related to each department of the District. Fund financial statements tell how services were financed in the short-term as well as what dollars remain for future spending. - 3 - Cleveland Metropolitan Park District, Cuyahoga County Management’s Discussion and Analysis For the Years Ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 (With Comparative Amounts for 2007) Unaudited Reporting on the District as a Whole Statement of Net Assets and the Statement of Activities The Statement of Net Assets and Statement of Activities include all assets and liabilities using the accrual basis of accounting similar to the accounting method used by the private sector. The basis for
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Discovering Sense of Place: Application Through Education
    Sense of Place Discovering Sense of Place: Application through Education By P.J. Aucoin Over the past three decades, environmental evenly divided rows and enabled diminutive issues have been on the global forefront and opportunity for experience. continue to affect our daily lives. Although the need for environmental attention is at an As technology continues to contribute all-time high, outdoor and environmental to advancements in every sector of our education (OEE) plays an insufficient modern world, there is a dire need for role in our school systems. Its minimal education to find its way back to its roots. representation in curriculum is not due to In achieving this, the ministry, school board the shortage of information or resources members, principals, teachers and parents but instead the lack of acknowledgement it need to acknowledge the importance of has received in fostering the development experiential education and creating a sense of the whole child. During the late 20 and of place for students during this important early 21 centuries, traditional education developmental stage of their lives. Sense has predominantly been focused around of place can have many individualized teacher-centred instruction and a curriculum meanings; common goals relate to the basics segregated into subjects of narrow-minded of individuals’ developed relationships and focus. This divide has not only drawn a understanding with nature, the environment, line in Ontario Ministry of Education– wildlife, community, and, most importantly, developed handbooks but also at the each other. To this I suggest the days of classroom door. In a period of youth endless textbook work, learning for when students’ imaginations the purpose of regurgitation soar well beyond what any and standardized testing adult could ever wish for, have long passed their education systems welcome.
    [Show full text]
  • Outdoor Learning in Early Childhood Holly Hooven Northwestern College - Orange City
    Northwestern College, Iowa NWCommons Master's Theses & Capstone Projects Education 4-2017 Outdoor Learning in Early Childhood Holly Hooven Northwestern College - Orange City Follow this and additional works at: https://nwcommons.nwciowa.edu/education_masters Part of the Early Childhood Education Commons, and the Outdoor Education Commons Recommended Citation Hooven, H. (2017). Outdoor learning in early childhood (Master's thesis, Northwestern College, Orange City, IA). Retrieved from http://nwcommons.nwciowa.edu/education_masters/25/ This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Education at NWCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses & Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of NWCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Running Head: OUTDOOR LEARNING IN EARLY CHILDHOOD 1 Outdoor Learning in Early Childhood Holly Hooven April 24, 2017 Northwestern College Running Head: OUTDOOR LEARNING IN EARLY CHILDHOOD 2 Abstract Play is a skill that comes naturally to every child. Children love to explore and investigate. They do this to find answers to the questions they have and obtain through other experiences such as talking with parents, other children, as well as reading through books. Play is important for many developmental skills such as building on fine motor, cognitive development, and more. While many parents and teachers observe their children, or students, play within the indoors, many children are not getting a lot of outdoor time. Outdoor play is as important as indoor play. Outdoor play allows a child to be one self and take lead of his or her own learning. Children are also building on large motor skills as they jump, skip, and hop around the outdoor play area.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of a School-Based Outdoor Education Program on Visual Arts Teachers’ Success and Self-Efficacy Beliefs
    South African Journal of Education, Volume 37, Number 3, August 2017 1 Art. # 1395, 17 pages, https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v37n3a1395 The effect of a school-based outdoor education program on Visual Arts teachers’ success and self-efficacy beliefs Cigdem Hursen and Didem Islek Division of Curriculum and Instruction, Ataturk Faculty of Education, Near East University, Turkey [email protected] The aim of this research is to determine the effect of an education programme developed based on the school-based outdoor education approach on the academic achievement of visual arts teachers, as well as their self-efficacy beliefs for using museums and the natural environment. The aim is likewise to explore the views of the teachers on the implementation of the education programme. The study, which utilised a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative data collection, lasted for seven weeks. The results demonstrate that the developed programme is effective. At the end of the study, a significant difference was revealed in terms of the participant teachers’ knowledge and skills regarding the approach as well as their self-efficacy belief levels in relation to the use of museums and the outdoors as teaching environments. Face-to-face interviews conducted with the teachers who participated in the experimental practice revealed that they were satisfied with the experience. Keywords: Edmodo; mixed method; school-based outdoor education; teacher’s views; visual art Introduction Outdoor education in teaching and learning is being increasingly used as an effective approach for the realisation of activities related to active learning and for the instruction of abstract concepts (Bilasa & Arslangilay, 2016; Çelik & Kasapoğlu, 2014; Öztürk Aynal, 2013; Preston, 2014; Price, 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • Arts, Health and Physical Education Correlation Visual and Performing Arts Framework Components and Curriculum Applications
    Arts, Health and Physical Education Correlation Visual and Performing Arts Framework Components and Curriculum Applications The California State Department of Education Visual and Performing Arts Framework (1996) specifies that, "Each of the arts disciplines – dance, music, theatre, and the visual arts – maintains a rich body of knowledge that enable students to understand their world in ways that support and enhance their learning in other core subjects. In addition, through this rich body of knowledge, students learn how each of the arts contributes to their own sensitivity of the aesthetic quality of life. Students learn to see what they look at, hear what they listen to, feel what they touch, and understand more clearly what they integrate into their own experience" (page 2). The components of a visual and performing arts curriculum include: artistic perception; creative expression; historical and cultural context; and aesthetic valuing. The unique natural environment of outdoor schools provides students with a variety of aesthetic experiences and opportunities for creative expression. Sections of the four major content areas described in the Visual and Performing Arts Framework have been identified as important in a residential outdoor education program. These include components in: dance, drama/theatre, music, and visual arts. Students at an outdoor school often participate in skits, campfire songs, and nature crafts. Examples of Outdoor Framework Visual and Performing Arts Components Education Curriculum and Page # Activities Goals of Visual and Performing Arts Participate in arts and crafts activities; skits, storytelling, and Artistic Perception: 6 songs during campfire. To develop a capacity to enjoy artistic expression in diverse forms and to feel Create art projects out of natural comfortable participating in all of the arts.
    [Show full text]
  • II~I6 866 ~II~II~II C - -- ~,~,- - --:- -- - 11 I E14c I· ------~--.~~ ~ ---~~ -- ~-~~~ = 'I
    Date Printed: 04/22/2009 JTS Box Number: 1FES 67 Tab Number: 123 Document Title: Your Guide to Voting in the 1996 General Election Document Date: 1996 Document Country: New Zealand Document Language: English 1FES 10: CE01221 E II~I6 866 ~II~II~II C - -- ~,~,- - --:- -- - 11 I E14c I· --- ---~--.~~ ~ ---~~ -- ~-~~~ = 'I 1 : l!lG,IJfi~;m~ I 1 I II I 'DURGUIDE : . !I TOVOTING ! "'I IN l'HE 1998 .. i1, , i II 1 GENERAl, - iI - !! ... ... '. ..' I: IElJIECTlON II I i i ! !: !I 11 II !i Authorised by the Chief Electoral Officer, Ministry of Justice, Wellington 1 ,, __ ~ __ -=-==_.=_~~~~ --=----==-=-_ Ji Know your Electorate and General Electoral Districts , North Island • • Hamilton East Hamilton West -----\i}::::::::::!c.4J Taranaki-King Country No,", Every tffort Iws b«n mude co etlSull' tilt' accuracy of pr'rty iiI{ C<llldidate., (pases 10-13) alld rlec/oralt' pollillg piau locations (past's 14-38). CarloJmpllr by Tt'rmlilJk NZ Ltd. Crown Copyr(~"t Reserved. 2 Polling booths are open from gam your nearest Polling Place ~Okernu Maori Electoral Districts ~ lil1qpCli1~~ Ilfhtg II! ili em g} !i'1l!:[jDCli1&:!m1Ib ~ lDIID~ nfhliuli ili im {) 6m !.I:l:qjxDJGmll~ ~(kD~ Te Tai Tonga Gl (Indudes South Island. Gl IIlllx!I:i!I (kD ~ Chatham Islands and Stewart Island) G\ 1D!m'llD~- ill Il".ilmlIllltJu:t!ml amOOvm!m~ Q) .mm:ro 00iTIP West Coast lID ~!Ytn:l -Tasman Kaikoura 00 ~~',!!61'1 W 1\<t!funn General Electoral Districts -----------IEl fl!rIJlmmD South Island l1:ilwWj'@ Dunedin m No,," &FJ 'lb'iJrfl'llil:rtlJD __ Clutha-Southland ------- ---~--- to 7pm on Saturday-12 October 1996 3 ELECTl~NS Everything you need to know to _.""iii·lli,n_iU"· , This guide to voting contains everything For more information you need to know about how to have your call tollfree on say on polling day.
    [Show full text]
  • Outdoor Education – Research Summary
    Outdoor Education – Research Summary Research on outdoor education is synthesized below. Links to specific research papers and summaries are provided at the bottom. School performance increases when children learn outdoors1 A number of studies have documented increased school performance through outdoor education. Research has document increased standardized test scores, enhanced attitude about school, improved in-school behavior, improved attendance and overall enhanced student achievement when students learn in and about nature. In addition, outdoor education effectively employs a greater range of children’s intelligences. Many researchers contribute the increase in performance to increased relevance and hands-on experience of learning outdoors. Learning outdoors is healthy2 Learning outdoors is active and increases students’ physical, mental and social health. Some studies have even shown follow-up (e.g., non-school) physical activity increases with outdoor learning. Access to nature has also been shown to decrease the symptoms of ADHD. Outdoor learning and access to nature also decrease stress levels of students and teachers. Learning outdoors supports child development3 Children greatly benefit developmentally from being outdoors. Outdoor education and play support emotional, behavioral and intellectual development. Studies have shown that students who learn outdoors develop: a sense of self, independence, confidence, creativity, decision-making and problem-solving skills, empathy towards others, motor skills, self-discipline and initiative. Teaching and learning outdoors is fun4 Often, the outdoors provides a change of pace from the classroom, which students and teachers enjoy. Studies have shown increased student enthusiasm for learning outdoors. Learning outdoors helps develop a sense of place and civic attitudes and behaviors5 Outdoor experiences help students increase their understanding of their natural and human communities which leads to a sense of place.
    [Show full text]
  • A Vision for Outdoor, Environmental and Experiential Education in Foothills School Division Introduction
    A Vision for Outdoor, Environmental and Experiential Education in Foothills School Division Created By: Adam Argento and Ryan Lemphers Ratified: by FSD Outdoor Educators on Oct 12, 2014 Introduction: Learning in the outdoors is a powerful and meaningful platform for life­long learning for all learners. Outdoor education is much more than learning outdoor skills, it is avenue for personal and group development. Moreover, it provides authentic experiences for students to grow in the skills required to be an engaged 21st century citizen. In addition, the out of doors provides a unique space to explore curricula for all subject matter. Students are also able experience the life­long physical and mental benefits of an active outdoor lifestyle. Over the past few years there has been an increased interest towards outdoor education in Foothillls School Division. School based: Outdoor Clubs, Outdoor and Environmental Education Courses and more extensive programs including Quest and the Millarville Community School’s focus on outdoor education speak to how Outdoor education fits well within the vision of Foothills School Division to improve learning for all students. The purpose of this document is to guide and inform future outdoor and environmental education programing within Foothills School Division. Understanding Curricula Outdoor, environmental and experiential education is a vehicle to address all aspects of the Alberta curriculum. Through intentional planning and thoughtful design, teachers are able to take students outside the classroom and offer unique opportunities for students to address content, skills and application of knowledge. Outdoor learning offers many opportunities for students to physically interact with the subject matter, utilize their multiple intelligences and engage with curriculum.
    [Show full text]
  • Children's Contact with the Outdoors and Nature: a Focus on Educators
    CHILDREN’S CONTACT WITH THE OUTDOORS AND NATURE: A FOCUS ON EDUCATORS AND EDUCATIONAL SETTINGS NOTE: The following are taken from four volumes of research developed by the Children & Nature Network (C&NN) and available at www.childrenandnature.org. These C&NN Annotated Bibliographies of Research and Studies were written by Cheryl Charles, Ph.D., President, Children & Nature Network and Alicia Senauer, Yale University. Benefits to children from contact with the outdoors and nature This section reviews research focused on the physical, mental, and social benefits that contact with the outdoors and nature provides to children. Research is grouped into several main focal areas. Focus: Literature Reviews & Overview Documents These articles and documents synthesize the literature related to children’s contact with the outdoors and nature and, in many cases, highlight children’s contact as it relates to educational settings. Time spent outdoors supports many aspects of children’s health In this report, Muñoz reviews literature concerning the linkage between spending time outdoors and health, with a primary emphasis on research related to children. She reviews research and policy related to outdoor use and health more generally and then takes an in-depth look at topics related to children’s use of the outdoors and relationships to their health. Specific topics Muñoz examines include research linking children’s time spent outdoors to increased physical activity, healthy development, and overall well-being. She also examines research related to the design of children’s play spaces, access to natural spaces, the use of outdoors in children’s education, and research related to people and factors that constrain and enable children’s outdoor play.
    [Show full text]
  • Go Outside: Engaging Elementary Art Students in Outdoor Exploration
    GO OUTSIDE 1 GO OUTSIDE: ENGAGING ELEMENTARY ART STUDENTS IN OUTDOOR EXPLORATION By MELINDA TURNBULL SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE LESLIE GATES, CHAIR CRAIG ROLAND, MEMBER A CAPSTONE PROJECT PRESENTED TO THE COLLEGE OF FINE ARTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMET OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 GO OUTSIDE 2 Table of Contents List of Figures pg. 3 Abstract pg. 4 Chapter 1: Statement of the Problem pg. 5 Chapter 2: Literature Review pg. 8 Chapter 3: Research Methods pg. 14 Chapter 4: Results pg. 21 Chapter 5: Discussion pg. 41 References pg. 48 Appendix A pg. 54 Appendix B pg. 58 Appendix C pg. 60 Appendix D pg. 61 Biographical Sketch pg. 64 GO OUTSIDE 3 List of Figures 4.1. Drawing the Creek pg. 25 4.2. Flower Observations pg. 29 4.3. First Grader Drawing a Tree pg. 31 4.4. Insect and Animal Observations pg. 33 4.5. Using Dirt to Create Art pg. 36 4.6. Kindergarten Building and Pastel Collage pg. 38 GO OUTSIDE 4 Abstract This action research study examined how to incorporate the learning strategy of outdoor exploration into a forty-five minute class period, and what role that strategy could play in student understanding of art concepts. This research is consistent with professional literature concerning the benefits for children of exploring the natural world, the role nature plays in aesthetic experiences, the role inquiry plays in integrating natural science and art concepts, and current studies of eco-art education. Through this study, I realized the importance of setting limits, minimizing materials, preparing for the predictable while expecting the unexpected, listening more, observing more, directing less, and learning to follow the students' lead when using the strategy of outdoor exploration.
    [Show full text]
  • The Perceived Impact of a University Outdoor Education Program on Students' Environmental Behaviors
    THE PERCEIVED IMPACT OF A UNIVERSITY OUTDOOR EDUCATION PROGRAM ON STUDENTS’ ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS Heather Boland Kollmuss and Agyeman (2002) defi ne pro-environmental University of Ottawa behavior as behavior “that consciously seeks to minimize the negative impact of one’s actions on the natural Paul Heintzman and built world” (p. 240). Research on the eff ects of University of Ottawa outdoor education programs on environmental behaviors has tended to involve schoolchildren and teenagers. Abstract.—Outdoor educators often seek to design For example, Bogner (1998) found that for 6-months programs that infl uence participants’ daily lifestyles, after a 5-day outdoor ecology education program, especially environmental behaviors. Research on the secondary school students were more willing to engage in impact of outdoor education programs on environmental environmentally sensitive behaviors. However, Palmberg behaviors has typically focused on schoolchildren and and Kuru (2000) found that participation in outdoor teenagers. Th e purpose of this study was to investigate education activities by elementary school children in the perceived impact of a university outdoor education Finland did not always lead to environmental actions. program on the environmental behaviors of program Th ese 11- and 12-year-old children most frequently participants. In-depth interviews were conducted with mentioned concrete, local actions such as stopping six university students 6 months after they completed a littering and picking up litter. An Australian study of 14-day summer outdoor education course that covered primary and secondary school environmental education “social, organizational, technical, environmental and programs found that some students demonstrated educational topics associated with group living, ecology behavioral change outside of the learning environment and summer camping skills.” Almost all participants (Ballantyne et al.
    [Show full text]
  • A Designed Eco-Art and Place-Based Curriculum Encouraging Students’ Empathy for the Environment
    ecologies Case Report A Designed Eco-Art and Place-Based Curriculum Encouraging Students’ Empathy for the Environment Asvina Sunassee and Chandradeo Bokhoree * School of Sustainable Development and Tourism, University of Technology, La Tour Koenig, Mauritius; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Environmental art education is gaining importance in schools as arts education begins to acquire a more significant role in environmental education. This emerging field of study is an interdisciplinary endeavor that is centered on the different fields of environmental education and visual art education and provides a means of making students aware of environmental issues through environmental art education. It has been suggested that students get into a relationship with nature prior to the request to conserve the environment in order to be nature connected. This abstract focuses on teaching and learning through the arts, a pedagogical way in which students discuss the challenging aspects of environmental issues. The aim of this study is to make students act like protectors of their environment through an eco-art place-based curriculum. This paper’s pedagogies will provide educators with a framework for developing environmental art education lessons and curricula. This experimental study has been planned to gather data from interviews and observation of students and by making the students participate in nature-related activities. The findings show that students prefer to let go of their fascination with formulating better ecological perspectives. On the positive side, a few students went through some frustration during the program and the activities. Students have given positive feedback on the program in positive terms, such as “fun”, “interesting”, and “cool”, to express their experience gained through the class activities.
    [Show full text]
  • George Mason University College of Education and Human
    George Mason University College of Education and Human Development PRLS 316 001 – Leadership and Outdoor Education 3 Credits, Spring 2021 10:30 am-1:10 pm Fridays Katherine Johnson Hall 258 – Science & Technology Campus Faculty Name: David Heath, M.A. Office Hours: By Appointment Office Location: 120 A Administration, Freedom Aquatic & Fitness Center Office Phone: (703) 993-9826 Email Address: [email protected] Prerequisites/Corequisites None. University Catalog Course Description Focuses on promotion of lifelong health and fitness via noncompetitive and informal outdoor activities. Introduces safety, skills, and leadership techniques. Covers sustainable use, conservation, and stewardship of natural resources. Offered by Recreation, Health & Tourism. Limited to three attempts. Course Overview This course introduces and immerses students in three essential strands of leadership in outdoor education: environmental, experiential, and adventure-based education. We will go outside as much as weather permits, and we will engage directly in several outdoor activities, with a goal of students experiencing several different teaching models so that they may lead an outdoor lesson themselves by the end of the course. These activities do not lend themselves to makeup work, and as such, attendance each day is crucial. Course Delivery Method This course will be delivered using an interactive lecture format. Learner Outcomes or Objectives This course is designed to enable students to do the following: 1. Discuss the need for outdoor education/recreation in American society today by a. Understanding the history of leisure in American culture. b. Identifying the psychological benefits of outdoor recreation and education. c. Collecting and documenting current articles relating to leisure, health, and outdoor recreation trends.
    [Show full text]