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Co-Created Visual Storying Through Community-Based Participatory Action Research

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Co-Created Visual Storying Through Community-Based Participatory Action Research Being and Becoming in the Space Between: Co-Created Visual Storying through Community-Based Participatory Action Research DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Ah Ran Koo Graduate Program in Arts Administration, Education and Policy The Ohio State University 2017 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Karen Hutzel, Advisor Dr. Shari Savage Dr. Joni Boyd Acuff Dr. Timothy San Pedro Copyrighted by Ah Ran Koo 2017 Abstract The main goal of this study was to expand understanding of a Korean-American community’s cultural identities through storytelling and artmaking, which was conceptualized as Visual Storying in this study. Ethnic minority students in the United States often experience confusion or conflict between American and their heritage cultures. This study sought to identify the experiences of a contemporary Korean- American community through learning and teaching Korean language, history, culture, and/or art. The conceptual framework of this study combined the three following research backgrounds: (1) critical multiculturalism; (2) narrative inquiry and arts-based research; and (3) community-based participatory action research. Understanding cultural identities of Korean-American students is a complex process that required multiple approaches. In order to examine social and political backgrounds as well as power relations of the students’ multicultural settings, this study applied a theoretical framework of critical multiculturalism to the settings. In addition, narrative inquiry and arts-based research were used as basic means of this study. Both practices were effective ways to convey thoughts, emotions, and experiences in approachable ways, which revealed unknown stories of a Korean- American community in multicultural settings. ii Lastly, this study utilized a community-based participatory action research (CBPAR) approach. Exploring a cultural and social aspect required deep integrations and interactions with the community members to gain better understandings of the local context. Therefore, CBPAR was the main methodology in this study that explored the complexity of the Korean-American community’s cultural understandings through deep engagement in their local community. The Korean-American Community School of Central Ohio (KACSCO)’s students participated in this study via two classes, Advanced and Art & Craft classes. In the Advanced class, the students learned Korean language, history, and culture while in the Art & Craft class, they created visual images working with peers. Key school events and classroom activities were documented through participant observation with audio recordings, field notes, and photo documentation. Additional formal interviews were conducted with KACSCO’s parents and teachers, and informal interviews were held with students. Students’ written and visual works were collected, copied, and analyzed as main data. This study supported the Korean-American community members’ desire to teach/learn their cultural perspectives and express their feelings of being different while participating in collaborative learning and artmaking. It also opened conversations about unique experiences of a minority population, and brought out cultural aspects of a Korean-American community in the United States. Sharing stories and creating visual images with Korean-American students provided us with a better understanding of our iii multicultural society and a space for the youth to challenge notions of cultural differences. iv This dissertation is dedicated to the members of the Korean-American Community School of Central Ohio community. v Acknowledgments Most of all, I became who I am now greatly thanks to my advisor, Dr. Karen Hutzel. She guided me into this department, and allowed me to grow as a scholar. This dissertation began and ended with her insights, care, suggestions, and endless supports and mentorships. I am eternally indebted to her, my amazing mentor. My thanks go to the tremendous committee members. I have been sincerely moved by and grateful to Dr. Shari Savage for her infinite support. She was wholeheartedly ready to support me anytime anywhere. She also believed in my artistic ability, and deeply valued my personal stories as meaningful assets for my academic position and future growth. Great thanks to Dr. Joni Boyd Acuff for helping me link my personal background to cultural and social contexts of society via critical multiculturalism, which is central in this study. Her perspectives in this field have always been an inspiration to me as a scholar. I am very thankful to Dr. Timothy San Pedro for working outside of his home college of education and human ecology to provide me with insights and supports. His passion and thoughtful guidance led me to realize values of storying. I am truly fortunate to have these incredible scholars as my forever mentors. I wish to extend my sincere gratitude to the faculty members whose visions, guidance, and supports were vital. Thanks to Dr. Christine Ballengee-Morris for inviting me to wonder about my identity and concepts of difference at the very beginning. I also vi thank Dr. Deborah L. Smith-Shank for her active roles in the field and provoking us to grow as professionals. I am also grateful to Dr. Sydney Walker for her encouragement and reminder of the joy of artmaking. Her benevolent smile made me feel connected and respected in this learning environment. I also want to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Candace Stout who expanded my understanding of qualitative research, and opened another perspective of academic writing. My heart also goes out to Professor Sookwhan Oh, who genuinely loved and cherished me for decades. She has believed in my capacity, and patiently waited for this moment to become a reality. I followed this journey also thanks to my dearest parents. I am truly blessed to be in this world as their daughter. My passions and love for art and education exist and grow thanks to them. They are my role models as I move forward as an artist, scholar, educator, and a parent. Their openness, positiveness, understanding, love, and patience will always be within me. Special thanks to Minh Tam who made me laugh everyday even in difficult times. I could always count on him, and he is my strongest supporter, friend, and confidant sharing the joy of my life. I also thank Kathleen, Dennis, Akhona, Jason Cox, Jason White, Sujin, and Brian for their unlimited friendships and numerous help. Their thoughtfulness and friendships helped me greatly in this journey. Finally, this research study was funded and supported by Albert Schweitzer Fellowship and Barbara and Sheldon Pinchuk Arts Community Outreach Grant at The Ohio State University. I was deeply grateful for the opportunities working with devoted and passionate colleagues who make changes in diverse communities. Finally, heartily thanks to my co-researchers and community collaborators, KACSCO’s students, teachers, vii parents, and administrators, for opening their boundaries, sharing their stories and experiences, and co-creating this study with me. They continuously motivated and inspired me to pursue the direction of this research study, and it was extraordinary learning experience thanks to all the community members. viii Vita February 1999 ................................................Jinmyeong Girls’ High School 2005................................................................B.F.A. Korean Painting, Ewha Womans University 2011................................................................M.F.A. Korean Painting, Ewha Womans University 2013................................................................M.A. Art Education, University of Florida 2013 - 2014 ...................................................University Fellow, Department of Arts Administration, Education and Policy, The Ohio State University 2014 - 2016 ...................................................Graduate Teaching Associate, Department of Arts Administration, Education and Policy, The Ohio State University 2015 - 2016 ...................................................Schweitzer Fellow, Albert Schweitzer Fellowship 2016 to present ..............................................Assistant Professor, Department of Art, University of Wisconsin - La Crosse ix Publications Koo, A. (2015). Inside and Outside: High School Students Increasing Self and Social Awareness through Artmaking, IMAG, 1(1), p. 107-118. Koo, A. (2015). Art and Education for Underprivileged People: Community-based Art Projects Case Study, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, p. 64-68. Koo, A. (2013). Learning through Service-Learning Art Program, Korean Art Education, 27, p. 256-263. Oh, J. & Koo, A. (2009). Arts and Life 21-34. In Air and Correspondence High School Comprehensive Workbook 2-2, 6 (pp. 107-117). Korean Educational Development Institute. Koo, A. & Oh, J. (2009). Arts 10-17. In Air and Correspondence High School Comprehensive Workbook 1-2, 8 (pp. 147-153). Korean Educational Development Institute. Oh, J. & Koo, A. (2009). Arts and Life 1-20. In Air and Correspondence High School Comprehensive Workbook 2-1, 5. Korean Educational Development Institute. Koo, A. & Oh, J. (2009). Arts 1-9. In Air and Correspondence High School Comprehensive Workbook 1-1, 7 (pp. 157-164). Korean Educational Development Institute. Fields of Study Major Field: Arts Administration, Education and Policy x Table of Contents Abstract ..............................................................................................................................
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