Plastic Bottle Cap Recycling—Characterization of Recyclate Composition and Opportunities for Design for Circularity
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Reducing Single-Use Plastic Waste in Education City
REDUCING SINGLE-USE PLASTIC WASTE IN EDUCATION CITY A CASE STUDY JUNE 2020 04 Executive summary Introduction: single-use plastics 08 are a global environmental crisis International examples: countries 10 banning single-use plastics Qatar’s efforts to reduce 14 plastic waste 16 Case study: Education City QF as a testbed and research 30 partner for national policy Appendix 1: List of policies 32 implemented at Education City Appendix 2: QF's environmentally 36 friendly incentives for vendors 02 03 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The world’s plastic pollution problem is terribly acute and single-use plastic products account for close to 50% of all plastic waste. This report highlights some of the international best practices deployed by various countries to combat this problem, as well as the approach adopted by Qatar Foundation (QF) in reducing single-use plastic consumption and waste in Education City. HIGHLIGHTS OF SUCCESSFUL POLICIES IMPLEMENTED IN EDUCATION CITY As a motivated participant and supporter of the government’s efforts to protect the environment, QF has launched several efforts aimed at reducing plastic consumption in Education City, which include the below: REGULATIONS MARKET-BASED ACTIVATION AWARENES RAISING AND BEHAVIOR NUDGING AND FINANCIAL INCENTIVES INFORMATION SHARING Mandated restriction of activities Financial incentives and disincentives to Variety of programs and interventions Nudging behaviors toward using regulatory instruments, guide behaviour toward environmentally designed to inform the public and environmentally responsible -
Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Office Paper, Newspaper, Junk Mail, Magazines, and Catalogs
Recycling Center 801 Diamond Valley Drive Open: Daily to the public during daylight hours This guide will help you properly prepare your recyclable materials for drop-off at the Town of Windsor Recycle Center. This is a drop-off facility. It does not have a buy-back option and is for use by residents and small businesses. Following this information will help maintain the facility and the recycling program for the benefit of the community. IMPORTANT… • Do not leave your recyclables in plastic bags. Plastic bags are NOT recyclable! • The plastic item must be a BOTTLE or JAR. with a #1 or #2 on the bottom. • 99 percent of these will have a screw-on plastic lid (which isn’t recyclable). • Plastic containers with a #3 - #7 on the bottom are NOT acceptable. • Tubs, buckets, deli plates, microwave/fast food trays, wrappers, Styrofoam, toys, patio furniture, etc. are NOT acceptable. • Plastic bottles larger than 2.5 gallons are NOT acceptable. • Syringes and other medical supplies are NOT acceptable. Cardboard and Brown Paper Bags Corrugated cardboard is easy to recognize. It is made of paper and has an arched layer called “fluting” between smooth sheets called “liners”. The drop-off site has two 40-yard hydraulic compactor units for collecting corrugated cardboard and brown paper bags. The compaction system is self-activated by depositing the prepared materials into a six-inch tall slot. Flatten boxes. Cut or tear large boxes into sections no larger than 4 feet by 4 feet to prevent jamming the machine. No wet, waxed-coated or food-contaminated boxes. -
Towards Distributed Recycling with Additive Manufacturing of PET Flake Feedstocks
materials Article Towards Distributed Recycling with Additive Manufacturing of PET Flake Feedstocks Helen A. Little 1, Nagendra G. Tanikella 2, Matthew J. Reich 2, Matthew J. Fiedler 1, Samantha L. Snabes 1 and Joshua M. Pearce 2,3,4,* 1 re:3D Inc., 1100 Hercules STE 220, Houston, TX 77058, USA; [email protected] (H.A.L.); [email protected] (M.J.F.); [email protected] (S.L.S.) 2 Department of Material Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; [email protected] (N.G.T.); [email protected] (M.J.R.) 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA 4 Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-906-487-1466 Received: 28 July 2020; Accepted: 22 September 2020; Published: 25 September 2020 Abstract: This study explores the potential to reach a circular economy for post-consumer Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (rPET) packaging and bottles by using it as a Distributed Recycling for Additive Manufacturing (DRAM) feedstock. Specifically, for the first time, rPET water bottle flake is processed using only an open source toolchain with Fused Particle Fabrication (FPF) or Fused Granular Fabrication (FGF) processing rather than first converting it to filament. In this study, first the impact of granulation, sifting, and heating (and their sequential combination) is quantified on the shape and size distribution of the rPET flakes. Then 3D printing tests were performed on the rPET flake with two different feed systems: an external feeder and feed tube augmented with a motorized auger screw, and an extruder-mounted hopper that enables direct 3D printing. -
Shrink Sleeve Labels on PET Containers APR Resource Document
Document Number RES-LBL-2 Publication or Revision Date: 1/4/2021 Shrink Sleeve Labels on PET Containers APR Resource Document Introduction This Resource Document presents APR Guidance for characteristics of shrink sleeve labels for PET packaging that will have the most benefit for today’s PET container recycling processes, and that will have the most positive environmental impact in support of the plastics circular economy. Shrink sleeve labels have been developed that allow the label film and inks to have negligible impact on the quality or productivity of PET recycling. Such shrink sleeve labels are in commercial use today, but not yet used widely or routinely. The quality of recycled PET can be improved—to the benefit of all recycling and sustainability stakeholders—when recycling compatible labels become the standard for the PET packaging industry. The resources described herein can be helpful to each segment of the package supply chain: • Consumer brands can learn what comprises a recycling compatible shrink sleeve label and inform their label suppliers that they expect such technologies be offered to them; • Label suppliers can assure brands that PET packages using their products meet recyclability guidance by performing APR Test Methods to demonstrate this; • Converters and manufacturers who want to lead the industry in sustainability can use APR shrink sleeve label design guidance to develop and commercialize innovations that will benefit the entire packaging industry. This document is written to complement the APR Design® Guide for Plastics Recyclability by consolidating key shrink label guidance: https://plasticsrecycling.org/apr-design-guide/apr-design-guide-home The APR offers programs, such as Critical Guidance Recognition, that distinguish innovations that are demonstrated to be compatible with recycling: https://plasticsrecycling.org/recognition/programs This document contains four sections: 1. -
WHEATON® Glass Bottles
WHEATON® Glass Bottles WHEATON® Glass Bottles WHEATON offers a comprehensive line of glass laboratory bottles and jars. Glass bottles offer sample reliability and integrity, and is a mainstay of labs worldwide. WHEATON bottles are manufactured from USP Type III soda-lime glass with moderate chemical resistance. Popular bottle styles available include Media Bottles, Boston Rounds, Wide Mouth Packers, Straight Sided Jars and Safety Coated Bottles for enhanced laboratory protection. WHEATON completes the package with the right closure. We provide a variety of caps and seals to ensure a perfect fit for each container. WHEATON offers convenience bulk packs of containers with or without caps attached for high use items or facilities with centralized stockrooms. With safety in mind, Tamper Evident Seal / HAZCOM Labels are provided in each case of bottles with the exception of bulk packs. Product Highlights • Bottles manufactured from clear and amber USP Type III soda-lime glass • Wide mouth bottles are ideal for dry and viscous samples • White polypropylene or black phenolic screw closures can be • Amber colored glass is ideal for light sensitive products purchased separately • Narrow mouth bottles are ideal for liquids • Methods of sterilization: dry heat or EtO (not suitable for autoclave) • Safety coated glass prevents dangerous spills and control sharp fragments WHEATON® Glass Bottles French Square Valumetric™ Graduated Bottle Media Bottle, Lab 45 ■ Clear or Amber, USP Type III soda-lime glass ■ Clear, USP Type III soda-lime glass ■ Manufactured -
Recycling Compliance Assurance Plan (Cap)
Not A Notarized Copy - For Informational Purposes Only TOWN OF KNOWLTON, MARATHON COUNTY, WISCONSIN AMENDMENT #3, ORD. #25 RECYCLING COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE PLAN (CAP) PURPOSE: This policy will establish standard guidelines that will lead to compliance with the Town of Knowlton’s recycling ordinance. The Town Board is responsible for enforcing the Town of Knowlton’s recycling ordinance. The Town of Knowlton’s Clerk shall follow the guidelines identified in this Compliance Assurance Plan in response to issues associated with recycling and solid waste. This plan is intended to meet the requirements of s. NR 544.04(9g), Wis. Adm. Code as well as the Town of Knowlton’s recycling ordinance. DESCRIPTION OF COMPLIANCE STRATEGIES: Recycling Problem: Property found to have no methods for recycling in place; trash found mixed with recyclables; hauler mixes separated recyclables with trash. Compliance Strategy: 1st Response: Town Clerk shall send a letter to property owner reminding them of the requirement to comply with local recycling ordinances. Other educational materials will also be provided as needed. 2nd Response: Town Clerk shall send a letter to property owner giving them 45 days to comply with local recycling ordinances. Copy of letter shall be sent to Town Chairman. Enforcement Response: After 45 days has passed, the Town Board shall inspect property to determine if property is in compliance with ordinance. If found to be non-compliant, Town Chairman shall issue the property owner a citation per recycling ordinance. This ordinance shall be effective after its passage and publication as provided by law. Adopted: July 10, 2006 Approved: July 10, 2006 Published: July 20, 2006 Not A Notarized Copy - For Informational Purposes Only AMENDED RECYCLING ORDINANCE 1.01 Title. -
Plastic Bottles!
A Quarterly Newsletter Of The City of Irvine (949) 724-7669 Waste Management of Orange County (949) 642-1191 ® Winter 2005 WANTED FOR RECYCLING: How about All Plastic Bottles! that? For every seven trucks needed to It’s not a “numbers game” anymore deliver paper grocery bags to the store, only one truck is needed to carry the The main goal of any recycling program off program. Collecting “all plastic bot- same number of plastic grocery bags! is to maximize public participation, tles” helps us achieve higher recovery Remember to recycle your plastic increase amounts of post-consumer mate- rates for plastic bottles and reduce grocery bags! For a list of local gro- rials recycled, and minimize contamina- unwanted contaminants in our program at cery stores and other outlets that accept tion. An “all plastic bottle” collection the same time. plastic bags for recycling, visit program, like the one here in Irvine, helps While #1 (PET) and #2 (HDPE) www.plasticbagrecycling.org on the achieve that goal and makes it easier for plastic bottles are still in the highest web. consumers to recycle their plastic bottles. demand by manufacturers, accepting all Irvine residents don’t have to examine plastic bottles enables our program to those bottles anymore to make sure they recover higher volumes of PET and the pantry, your family room, or the car. have a #1 or #2 on them before tossing HDPE type plastics. Since 95 percent of So whether you have weekly curb- them into their recycling carts. all plastic bottles produced are PET and side waste and recycling service at your Consumers want to recycle their HDPE, it is reasonable to assume that the home or you live in a condominium or plastics, but the resin identification codes more bottles we collect overall, the larger apartment complex that has central bins, can be confusing. -
Ész.AORNEY %2
April 17, 1951 H. W. WILLIAMS 2,549,404 BOTTLE STOPPER Filed May 7, 1946 J& Z. 24 B 1. 2 2 L2 12 2YaaaZZYaz27.277 NWENOR AAPOZA M/ M/7// van/s BY 7 -ész.AORNEY %2. Patented Apr. 17, 1951 2,549,404 UNITED STATES PATENT of FICE 2,549,404 BOTTLE STOPPER Harold W. Williams, Pawling, N.Y. Application May 7, 1946, Serial No. 66,860 5 Claims. (C. 25-48) 2 The invention herein disclosed relates to a sufficient elasticity to conform to the neck of a bottle Stopper of the kind that includes a plug bottle in which it is inserted, and make a fluid portion that is adapted to be inserted in the neck tight fit therewith. Desirably, as illustrated, the of a bottle. Side wall of the plug makes a right angle with Bottle stoppers of the kind mentioned that are 5 the end wall. This provides the necessary rigid Commonly used include, in general, a cork plug. ity and prevents the plug from collapsing when and a WOOden end piece or cap glued or cemented inserted in the neck of a bottle. to the plug. Such bottle stoppers have many in There are several materials, moldable thermo herent and well known disadvantages, and var plastic materials, that are pliable at ordinary ious attempts have heretofore been made to pro O temperature and therefore suitable for the bottle duce a, bottle stopper of this kind to replace the stopger of this invention. One such material that cork Stopper. Except for the glass stopper, has been found especially suitable for the pur which has limited application because of its cost, pose is “Polythene.' This is a thermo-plastic none of these prior attempts have met with any material that is available on the open market and measure of success. -
Packaging Influences on Olive Oil Quality: a Review of the Literature
Report Packaging influences on olive oil quality: A review of the literature Selina Wang, PhD, Xueqi Li, Rayza Rodrigues and Dan Flynn August 2014 Copyright © 2014 UC Regents, Davis campus. All rights reserved. Photo: iStockphoto/danr13 Packaging influences on Olive Oil Quality – UC Davis Olive Center, August 2014 Packaging Influences on Olive Oil Quality: A Review of the Literature Extra virgin olive oil is a fresh juice extracted from olive fruits. As with other fruit juices, the freshness and flavor quality of olive oil diminish with time, and the rate of deterioration is influenced by packaging type. To maximize shelf stability, the ideal packaging material would prevent light and air penetration, and the oils would be stored in the dark at 16 – 18 °C (61 – 64 °F). Table 1 indicates how chemical components in olive oil influence the shelf life of the oil. Table 1. How chemical components in the oil can influence shelf life Chemical component Effect on the shelf life Fatty acid profile High level of polyunsaturated fats such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid shortens shelf life; high level of saturated fats such as stearic acid and palmitic acid helps to prolong shelf life. Free fatty acidity Free fatty acids promote oxidation and shorten shelf life. Peroxide value High level of peroxide value shortens shelf life. Trace metals Trace metals promote oxidation and shorten shelf life. Oxygen Oxygen promotes oxidation and shortens shelf life. Moisture Moisture promotes oxidation and shortens shelf life. Phenolic content Phenolics are antioxidants and help to prolong shelf life. While a high quality olive oil under ideal storage conditions can be stored for months, even years, without becoming rancid, oxidation ultimately will lead to rancid flavors and aromas. -
Plastic Fact Sheet
Fact Sheet Plastic Manufacturing plastics from recycled materials saves 70% of the energy required to make virgin plastic product from fossil fuels. Did you know…? Recycling plastic Australia produces more than 1.5 million tonnes of plastics All plastic is potentially recyclable, however, due to complex collection, every year, which is more than sorting and cleaning processes, only certain plastic bottles and containers 71kg per person. This includes: are currently accepted for recycling at your local Material Recovery Facility (MRF). Whether a type of plastic can be recycled in your area depends on its • 50,000 tonnes Plastic Identification Code. To help identify different plastics, manufacturers of soft drink bottles stamp a Plastic Identification Code on their products. This code is a number inside a triangle with chasing arrows, and is usually found on the bottom • 30,000 tonnes of the products, stamped on the plastic itself. of milk bottles • 10,000 tonnes of detergent At present plastic bottles and containers with the numbers 1, 2 and 5 are and shampoo bottles the most commonly recycled plastics, and include items such as milk and soft drink bottles and ice-cream containers. However, recycling technology is improving The rest is made up of shrink- all the time, and some local Councils are beginning to recycle other plastics, such wrap, film, shopping bags as 3, 4, 6 and 7. Check with your local Council, or look at the sticker on your and other types of plastics. recycling bin, to find out which plastic bottles and containers you can recycle. Australians used 3.9 billion plastic bags in 2007. -
Petstar PET Bottle-To-Bottle Recycling System, a Zero-Waste Circular Economy Business Model
PetStar PET bottle-to-bottle recycling system, a zero-waste circular economy business model Jaime Cámara-Creixell1 and Carlos Scheel-Mayenberger2 Abstract The lack of environmental awareness in society, especially in developing countries, combined with inefficient waste handling systems have caused mil- lions of PET bottles to end up in landfills, losing their original value. In the worst cases, the bottles mishandled by consumers enter natural systems gen- erating significant negative externalities such as the pollution of soil and wa- ter, with the possibility of reaching the oceans. In general, the plastic recycling industry in undeveloped economies is highly dependent on the participation of a broad social group known as scav- engers, whose role is very valuable for the supply chain, although it is per- formed under very difficult conditions and usually operates as part of the in- formal economy. Maintaining the sustainability of the three actors involved in the industry--the environment, society and business--requires a different business model in which all actors must participate and produce a more in- clusive added value. PetStar is a company that has designed and implemented a circular econ- omy business model for PET bottles that is trying to achieve a dream for the recycling industry: to disengage the recycled bottle from virgin resources, avoiding the conversion of the packaging to waste, and operate a perennial cycle in the use of the packaging. The PetStar sustainable business model is presented, explaining how it works and how it creates a sustainable cycle that is economically feasible and competitive, environmentally resilient and so- cially shared among one of the poorest and most informal sectors, the scav- enger and collector communities. -
Stars in a Sensory Bottle Activity
UAMN Virtual Early Explorers: Solar System Stars in a Sensory Bottle Relax and imagine the solar system in a vast universe! Materials: Sturdy transparent plastic bottle or jar, glitter, sequins (star-shaped or round), heavy tape or glue. Liquid to fill bottle: • water and food coloring/ tempera paint (water- based) OR • mineral oil and candy decorating dye (oil-based) Instructions: Step 1: Clean your bottle or jar thoroughly to avoid growing mold. Step 2: Add glitter and sequins. Suggested quantity: 2-3 teaspoons for a 16-ounce bottle. Adjust to your preference. Step 3: Fill with your choice of liquid: water or mineral oil. In mineral oil (or baby oil), glitter will stay suspended longer than in water. Step 4: Dye your liquid with a blue color. If you used water, add a few drops of food coloring, liquid watercolor, or tempera paint. If you used mineral oil, use an oil-based dye, such as candy decorating colors, as water-based colors will not work in oil. Enjoy your sensory jar! Talk about our Solar System’s place in our galaxy and in the universe! UAMN Virtual Early Explorers: Solar System At Home in The Milky Way Discover the incredible vastness of our galaxy and beyond! Our Solar System has one star, the Sun. The Solar System and Sun are part of a galaxy: a huge collection of stars, gas, and dust. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way. Scientists estimate that there are between 100 and 400 billion stars just in the Milky Way! The universe contains billions of galaxies like this, each one full of stars.