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Flexibility” and “Adaptability” in Residential Housing Projects: Case of Tabriz, Iran

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Flexibility” and “Adaptability” in Residential Housing Projects: Case of Tabriz, Iran ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY “FLEXIBILITY” AND “ADAPTABILITY” IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSING PROJECTS: CASE OF TABRIZ, IRAN M.Sc. THESIS Torkan BORNA Department of Architecture Architectural Design Programme Anabilim Dalı : Herhangi Mühendislik, Bilim Programı : Herhangi Program JANUARY 2013 i ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY “FLEXIBILITY” AND “ADAPTABILITY” IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSING PROJECTS: CASE OF TABRIZ, IRAN M.Sc. THESIS Torkan BORNA (502091112) Department Of Architecture Architectural Design Programme Thesis Advisor: Prof. Dr. Yurdanur DULGEROGLU YUKSEL Anabilim Dalı : Herhangi Mühendislik, Bilim Programı : Herhangi Program JANUARY 2013 iii İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ KONUT PROJELERINDE, “ESNEKLIK” VE “ADAPTASYON”: TEBRİZ, İRAN ORNEĞİ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Torkan BORNA (502091112) Mimarlik Anabilim Dalı Mimari Tasarim Programı Tez Danışmanı: Prof. Dr. Yurdanur DULGEROGLU YUKSEL Anabilim Dalı : Herhangi Mühendislik, Bilim Programı : Herhangi Program OCAK 2013 Torkan-BORNA, a M.Sc. student of ITU Graduate School of Architectural Design student ID 502091112, successfully defended the thesis entitled “FLEXIBILITY” AND “ADAPTABILITY” IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSING PROJECTS: CASE OF TABRIZ-IRAN” which she prepared after fulfilling the requirements specified in the associated legislations, before the jury whose signatures are below. Thesis Advisor : Prof. Dr. Yurdanur D.YUKSEL .............................. İstanbul Technical University Jury Members : Prof. Dr. Orhan HACIHASANOGLU .............................. İstanbul Technical University Y. Doç. Dr. Hülya ARI .............................. İstanbul Technical University Date of Submission : 17 December 2012 Date of Defense : 22 January 2013 v vi To mylife companion, Ali vii viii FOREWORD First , I would like to send my appreciation to assistance provided to me by my thesis supervisor Prof. Dr. Yurdanur Dulgeroglu Yuksel and Prof. Dr. Marchello Balbo who didn’t deprieved me of his great advices and epxriences even from long- distances. Thank you dear proffesor, for your patience, great supports and continuous help with the whole process. I would also like to express my appreciation to the academic staff of Tabriz University, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, especially to Dr. Pour Mohammadi for his great advices and for providing me the possibility of accessing to great resources and for providing me with the materials of the case studies belonging to housing projects in Tabriz. I am grateful to my family; to parent and to my brothers dear Behnam and Shahram who have supported me endlessly and encouraged me to be the person I have always wanted to be. I would like to especially thank to my fother in low, Hossein Seifloo, for his endless supports through my studies. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my love Ali Seifloo for his endless supports in my studies and for his continues patience throughout this study and in all aspects of my life. December 2012 Torkan BORNA (Master of Architecture) ix x TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................... xv LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... xvii SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... xix ÖZET ................................................................................................................... xxi 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose of Thesis ............................................................................................ 2 1.2 Methodology................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Outlines .......................................................................................................... 4 2. AN OVERVIEW OF THE TERMINOLOGY AND THE CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK ..................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Variability of Housing Need ........................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Age diffrence in a family ......................................................................... 8 2.1.2 Family size .............................................................................................. 8 2.1.3 Gender distribution of the children in a family ......................................... 8 2.1.4 Age differences in children in a family ..................................................... 9 2.1.5 Family type .............................................................................................. 9 2.1.6 Home-based jobs ................................................................................... 10 2.2 Flexibility, Adaptability and the Level of Satisfaction ................................... 13 2.2.1 Spatial flexibility as a factor of user satisfaction for quality housing ...... 19 2.2.2 Definition of flexibility and some literature reviews ............................... 20 2.3 Some Factors In Determining The Degree of “Housing Flexibility" .............. 25 2.3.1 Initial flexibility ..................................................................................... 26 2.3.2 The structural system ............................................................................. 27 2.3.3 The position of service space ................................................................. 28 2.3.4 The architectural layout of the residential blocks .................................... 28 2.3.5 Furnishing for flexible use ..................................................................... 28 2.3.6 Changing the use of a building completely ............................................. 30 2.4 “Soft” And “Hard” Analogy.......................................................................... 30 2.5 Samples Some Projects Which Adress Flexibility ......................................... 31 2.6 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 37 3. CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ............................................................................. 39 3.1 Natural Features of Tabriz............................................................................. 39 3.1.1 Location of Tabriz ................................................................................. 40 3.1.2 Large fault of Tabriz .............................................................................. 41 3.1.3 Economical and social characteristics..................................................... 42 3.1.4 Population .............................................................................................. 42 3.1.5 Migration ............................................................................................... 43 3.2 Urban Density Developments In Tabriz ........................................................ 44 4. HOUSING SITUATION IN TABRIZ ............................................................. 47 4.1 Housing Policies In Iran ................................................................................ 47 xi 4.1.1 The first construction program (1989-1993) ........................................... 47 4.1.2 The second construction program (1995-1999) ...................................... 47 4.1.3 The third construction program (2000-2004) .......................................... 48 4.2 General Housing Policies In Tabriz ............................................................... 49 4.2.1 Policy of urban land preparation ............................................................ 49 4.2.2 Apartment building policy ..................................................................... 50 4.2.3 Housing assessment in regard to the master plan of Tabriz ..................... 53 4.2.4 Population density in Tabriz .................................................................. 53 4.2.5 Housing density in Tabriz ...................................................................... 54 4.3 Evaluation of Zone 2 of Tabriz as The Study Area ....................................... 55 4.3.1 Evaluation of zone 1 and 2 in the eastern part of Tabriz as the study area55 4.3.2 General information about the residential complexes in region 2 ............ 56 5. SELECTED HOUSING PROJECTS IN TABRIZ AND THEIR ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF "FLEXIBILITY" ......................................... 59 5.1 Determination of The Residential Complexes as The Case Studies ............... 59 61 ................................................................... (فرهنگشهر) Farhangshahr Project 5.2 5.2.1 General Information about the Case Study ............................................. 61 5.2.2 Evaluation of the flexibility according to the architectural factor ............ 63 5.2.1 Extracted data ........................................................................................ 67 5.2.2 Evaluating the issue of flexibility and adaptability according to the collected data.................................................................................................. 70 There are only two plan types; those with two bedrooms and others which have three-bedrooms. The structure of the building is prefabricated system and the inhabitants, in the interviews, mentioned
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