EXPOSICION De JUGLAR Hoja Siglo XIX Informativa
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University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap/59427 This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. THESIS INTRODUCTION The picture of themselves which the Victorians have handed down to us is of a people who valued morality and respectability, and, perhaps, valued the appearance of it as much as the reality. Perhaps the pursuit of the latter furthered the achievement of the former. They also valued the technological achievements and the revolution in mobility that they witnessed and substantially brought about. Not least did they value the imperial power, formal and informal, that they came to wield over vast tracts of the globe. The intention of the following study is to take these three broad themes which, in the national consciousness, are synonymous with the Victorian age, and examine their applicability to the contemporary theatre, its practitioners, and its audiences. Any capacity to undertake such an investigation rests on the reading for a Bachelor’s degree in History at Warwick, obtained when the University was still abuilding, and an innate if undisciplined attachment to things theatrical, fostered by an elder brother and sister. Such an attachment, to those who share it, will require no elaboration. My special interest will lie in observing how a given theme operated at a particular or local level. -
Minstrel and Classic Banjo: American and English Connections Robert B
Minstrel and Classic Banjo: American and English Connections Robert B. Winans; Elias J. Kaufman American Music, Vol. 12, No. 1. (Spring, 1994), pp. 1-30. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0734-4392%28199421%2912%3A1%3C1%3AMACBAA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-A American Music is currently published by University of Illinois Press. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/illinois.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is an independent not-for-profit organization dedicated to and preserving a digital archive of scholarly journals. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org Fri Apr 13 22:02:37 2007 ROBERT B. WINANS and ELIAS J. KAUFMAN Minstrel and Classic Banjo: American and English Connections In the 1840s the minstrel show in the United States popularized what had previously been a black folk instrument with African origins, the banjo. This popularization led to the development of banjo traditions in both folk culture, white as well as black, and popular culture (in the parlor as well as in the theater). -
MINSTREL SHOWS 19Th Century Fact Sheet
MINSTREL SHOWS 19th Century Fact Sheet Best known as the author of “Dixie,” Dan Emmett helped make minstrel shows an international sensation. Emmett began to take jobs with circuses, performing as an African American impersonator and musician. Some time around 1838, he wrote “Bill Crowder,” a blackface song that was probably among his first compositions. Its stereotypical depictions of African Americans typified the blackface songs of the day. Blackface had been popular in Europe for centuries. Many of the blackface songs performed in England during the eighteenth century related the plight of slaves, and helped hasten the end of slavery there. Transported to the United States, blackface became an integral part of the theater. But in America, blackface music soon evolved away from its sympathetic attitude, and songs started to depict African Americans as good-natured, ignorant buffoons. During the fall and winter of 1842, Emmett collaborated with fellow circus performer Frank Brower, a comedian, singer, dancer and bones player, in a number of New York theater shows. During a raucous jam session in the off-hours, Emmett and Brower, along with William Whitlock and Richard Pelham, conceptualized the minstrel group. In that first session, Emmett played fiddle, Whitlock the banjo, Pelham the tambourine, and Brower the bones, in a rendition of “Old Dan Tucker.” So satisfied were the performers that they decided to take the group format to the stage. The Virginia Minstrels, as the new blackface troupe was called, honed their act in a number of New York performances before premiering their first full-scale “Ethiopian Concert” at the Masonic Temple in Boston on March 7, 1843. -
'Low Me to Beat 'Em (Hollering Song) (AFS 726 A1) Sung by Williw Williams at State Penitentiary, Richmond, Virginia, 1936 Recorded by John A
Shawn Pitre: Notes on parts of CD1 Section 02 The West African Connection 06 O Lord, Don' 'Low Me To Beat 'Em (Hollering Song) (AFS 726 A1) Sung by Williw Williams at State Penitentiary, Richmond, Virginia, 1936 Recorded by John A. Lomax. “Hollering Songs” are a distinct type of Negro folk singing. Usually they consist of a two-line stanza in which the singer sometimes repeats the first verse two or three times and the last verse once – the whole introduced and followed by long drawn-out moaning or “yodling” or shouting in the tempo and mood of the tune he has been singing. They are sung with an open throat – shouted, howled, growled, or moaned in such a fashion that they will fill a stretch of country, satisfy the wild and lonely and brooding spirit of the worker. The holler is a musical platform from which the singer can freely state his individual woes, satirize enemies, and talk about his woman. The country Negro worker lightens the tedium of his labor by these musical cries: a plowman, turning sandy furrows in the long cotton rows of a lonely swamp field; the mule skinner, driving his team, with trace chains clanking, up and down in the dust of a levee bank; a roustabout, shouting the beat for the feet of his companions as, like an endless chain, they stager under a load up the gangplank, or, in double-time hurry down the other side. The melodies are so free that it is impossible to give an adequate picture of them even by transcribing entire songs in musial notation. -
The Virginia Minstrels at the Manchester Athenaeum
35 Jessica H. Legnini University of Warwick, UK A “genuine display of Ethiopian life”: the Virginia Minstrels at the Manchester Athenaeum The Virginia Minstrels were founded in January 1843 in New York City and were the first blackface performers to put on a full-length blackface musical “concert.” By May 1843 they had brought their act to Britain. They performed first in Liverpool and then at the Athenaeum in Manchester and the Queen’s Theatre in Spring Gardens. They ended their tour in July, appearing as part of the Wizard of the North’s magic show at the Adelphi Theatre in London. This article is concerned with the Virginia Minstrels’ performances at the Athenaeum in Manchester which took place in June 1843. This article claims that the performances of the Virginia Minstrels at the Manchester Athenaeum contributed to the construction of middle- class identity in the Athenaeum audience by speaking directly to the middle-class imperatives of “respectability” and “improvement.” They did this through their choice of venue and their advertising in local newspapers—which framed the performance as an ethnographic “delineation” of American slaves. Nevertheless, the article also suggests that there were limits to the Athenaeum audience’s embrace of “respectability” as the Virginia Minstrels’ produced a comedy act that relied heavily upon a strong sense of the incongruous as well as a sense of moral superiority in their audience over both manual labour and, within the Atlantic context, Americans in general. Jessica Legnini is a PhD candidate in the Department of History at the University of Warwick. Her dissertation examines the reception of American blackface minstrel acts in Britain during the 1840s.