Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2017) 41: 354-362 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Short Communication doi:10.3906/zoo-1604-75

A review of the tribe Pimplini Wesmael, 1845 (, , ) from the Carpathians, with new records for Romania and Ukraine

Oleksandr VARGA* Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Received: 04.05.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 09.09.2016 Final Version: 04.04.2017

Abstract: The tribe Pimplini from the Carpathians is reviewed. Itoplectis insignis Perkins, arctica Zetterstedt, P. illecebrator (Villers), and Theronia laevigata (Tschek) are new records for Ukraine. Pimpla murinanae Fahringer is a new record for Ukraine and Romania. The high-altitude zone distribution of the Pimplini in the Ukrainian Carpathians is discussed.

Key words: , Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae, Carpathians, Ukraine, Romania, new records

Pimplini Wesmael, 1845 is a relatively large parasitoids (Fitton et al., 1988). Large numbers of species cosmopolitan tribe; it includes 723 described species of in the Theronia -group attack cocooned 15 genera worldwide, 6 genera and 65 species of which but actually develop as parasitoids of a primary . are found in the Western Palearctic (Yu et al., 2012). This study is mainly based on specimens (1387 ♀, The tribe Pimplini includes some of the most frequently 2904 ♂) collected by sweep netting, using Malaise traps, collected pimplins and, as a result, the European fauna is yellow pan traps, and conical trunk traps for collecting relatively well studied (e.g., Kasparyan, 1974, 1975, 1981; parasites of xylobionts (so-called Tereshkin traps) Constantineanu and Pisica, 1977; Fitton et al., 1988; Pisică by the author in various locations of the Ukrainian and Popescu, 2009). Despite that fact, the Carpathian Carpathians and adjacent territories in 2009–2015 fauna remains poorly known, especially the eastern part, and specimens deposited in the collections of the as all Ukrainian records (21 species) belong mainly to the Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology (SIZK) (Ukraine) central and eastern parts of the country (Kasparyan, 1974, and the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi (UAIC) 1975, 1981). In addition, the Romanian Pimplinae list (29 (Romania) (all the collecting sites can be found in Figure species) is also questionable, as many specimens in Pisica’s 1). Specimens were identified using Kasparyan’s (1974, collection were found to be misidentified or absent and 1975, 1981) keys. Specimens were compared with the Constantineanu’s collection is unavailable for study (and types and identified nontype materials deposited in most probably lost). Therefore, the present study provides the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (ZSM), Berlin a revised list of the Carpathian Pimplini including new Natural History Museum (BNHM) (Germany), and Romanian and Ukrainian records. the Museum of Natural History of Wroclaw University Ichneumonids of the tribe Pimplini are primary (MNHHWU) (Poland). Morphological terminology endoparasitic idiobionts, a rare phenomenon in the used in the study follows that of Gauld (1991). The Ichneumonoidea (Gauld, 1988). Pimplini wasps attack general species distribution can be found in Yu et al. many Lepidoptera that form little or no cocoon, hosts (2012). The images of specimens were taken with a unavailable to ectoparasitoids. For example, many species Leica 205A stereomicroscope with a DFC 500 camera, of Itoplectis and some Pimpla attack weakly cocooned combined with Zerene (at UAIC). pupae in leaf rolls and similar places, while Apechthis Apechthis capulifera (Kriechbaumer, 1887) species attack exposed butterfly pupae with their Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from specialized ovipositors (Fitton et al., 1988). Some Pimpla the other European species by the black hind coxae and species attack more or less naked pupae concealed in apically black hind femora. moss, grass tussocks, and the soil and some species, e.g., Material examined. UKRAINE: ♀, Transcarpathian Itoplectis clavicornis (Thomson), may be obligate secondary Region: Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech * Correspondence: [email protected] 354 VARGA / Turk J Zool

Figure 1. The Carpathian Pimplini distribution map. forest, 13.05.2015; ♀, ibid., Malaise trap, 08.07–06.08.2015; Kvasy; Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech forest; ♀, Malaise trap, 13.06–08.07.2015. Svalyava District, Polyana; Lviv Region: Sambir. Apechtis compunctor (Linnaeus, 1758) Remark: One specimen from Pisica’s collection Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from was misidentified as A. rufata (Gmelin) and one as A. the other European species by the combination of the quadridentata (Thomson). following characters: female hind tarsal claw with a tooth- Apechtis rufata (Gmelin, 1870) like basal lobe, propodeum with brownish setae, hind tibia Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from the uniformly red (sometimes indistinctly subbasally banded other European species by the combination of the following in males), male face black centrally. characters: female hind tarsal claw with a tooth-like basal Material examined. ROMANIA: 31♀♀ and 17♂♂ lobe, propodeum with whitish setae, hind tibia red with males from 27 localities: Iasi Country: Iasi, ex. Aporia a whitish subbasal band, mesoscutum with two yellow crataegi L.; Vladeni Vale, Hirlau; Cristești; Scobinți; Ciric; stripes, male face entirely yellow, male metasomal tergite Strunga; Voinești; Suceava Country: Poiana Stampei; VI coarsely punctured (anteriorly punctures separated by Draguseni; ibid., ex. Aporia crataegi L.; Spataresti; Adancata; much less than their diameters, posteriorly by about their Vaslui Country: Birlad; Trestiana; Sibiu Country: Country: diameters). Botosani; Frumusica; Bacau Country: Poiana Sarata; Material examined. ROMANIA: 28♀♀ and 54♂♂ Mehedinti Country: Dubova; Valea Mraconia, Ogradena. from 21 localities: Iasi Country: Iasi; ibid., ex. UKRAINE: 15♀♀ and 10♂♂ from 7 localities: Ivano- viridana L.; ibid., ex. Archips rosana L.; Barnova; Sinesti; Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany District, Mochary, 300– Breazu; Repedea; Suceava Country: Suceava; Poiana 350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, Stampei; Adancata; Satu Mare Country: Satu Mare, 310 m, forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Pydhyrya; ex. Tortrix viridana L.; ibid., ex. Malacosoma neustria Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, slopes of m. L.; Bacau Country: Bacau; Zeletin; Botosani Country: Sheshul, 1400–1500 m, subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of Botosani; Covasna Country: Baraolt, ex. Tortrix viridana

355 VARGA / Turk J Zool

L.; Maramures Country: Somcuta Mare, ex. Tortrix Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW of Kvasy; viridana L.; Cluj Country: Baciu, ex. Archips xylosteana Chornogora, Bilyi, 1100–1200 m; Marmarosy, Kvasnyi; L.; Galați County: Poiana Fundeanu-Motes, Grivita, oak, Marmarosy, m. Mika-Mare, subalpine zone; Marmarosy, ex. T. viridana L.; Odaia Manolache. UKRAINE: 18♀♀ m. Pip Ivan, subalpine zone; Rakhiv, beech forest; Tyachiv and 121♂♂ from 11 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech forest; Vynogradiv Bogorodchany District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed District, Chorna Gora; Beregovo District, Zmyivka; Lviv forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak Region: Sambir. forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed Remark: Six specimens from Pisica’s collection were forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; Gorgany, 1200 m, misidentified as A. rufata (Gmelin), two as A. compunctor coniferous forest, 5 km SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 8–9 L., and one as Itoplectis curticauda (Kriechbaumer). km SW of Stara Guta, coniferous forest; District, Itoplectis alternans (Gravenhorst, 1829) Gorgany, Elmy, 800–900 m, coniferous forest, 15 km SW Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from of ; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, the other European species by the combination of the Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW of Kvasy; following characters: female fore tarsal claw with a large Apshynets; Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech tooth-like basal lobe, hind tibia tricolor: red, black, forest; Beregovo District, Zmyivka; Lviv Region: Sambir. and whitish, upper hind corner of pronotum, scape and Remark: Thirty-one specimens from Pisica’s collection pedicel ventrally, male fore and middle trochanters and were misidentified as A. quadridentata (Thomson) and trochantelli yellow, mesopleuron sparsely punctate, female four as A. compunctor L. trochanters and trochantelli red. Apechtis quadridentata (Thomson, 1877) Material examined. ROMANIA: 50♀♀ and 26♂♂ Diagnosis: This species is similar toA. rufata but from 37 localities: Bucharest: Baneasa, ex. Grapholita is characterized by the female hind tarsal claw lacking molesta (Busck); Arges Country: Stefanesti, ex. Eupoecilia a tooth-like basal lobe, black mesoscutum, and more ambiguella Hb.; Cluj Country: Fagetul Clujului; sparsely punctate male 6th metasomal tergite (punctures Dambovita Country: Tirgoviste; Dolj Country: Calafat, posteriorly separated by at least twice their diameters). ex. Grapholita molesta (Busck); Iasi Country: Iasi; ibid., Material examined. ROMANIA: 57♀♀ and 31♂♂ ex. Hedya nubiferana (Haworth); Breazu; Repedea; from 28 localities: Iasi Country: Iasi; ibid., ex. Tortrix Cristesti; Pascani, ex. Tortrix viridana L.; Dumesti; viridana L.; Valea David; Repedea; Breazu; Ciurea; Ciric; Valea David; Voinesti; Satu Mare Country: Noroieni, Suceava Country: Suceava; Poiana Stampei; Frumoasa; ex. Tortrix viridana L.; Vaslui Country: Birlad; Neamț Adancata; Vaslui Country: Birlad; Satu Mare Country: Country: Roman; Suceava Country: Suceava; Patrauti; Satu Mare, ex. Tortrix viridana L.; ibid., ex. Euproctis Scheia; Spataresti; Adancata; Sibiu Country: Cisnadioara; chrysorrhoea L.; Constanța Country: Histria; Bacau Rasinari; Bacau Country: Bacau, ex. Tortrix viridana Country: Bacau; Zeletin; Mehedinti Country: Ada Kaleh, L.; Tulcea Country: Tulcea, Danube Delta, ibid., ex. Orsova; Valea Mraconia, Ogradena; Mures Country: Yponomeuta rorrella Hb.; Murighiol; Mehedinti Country: Luduș; Teleorman Country: Merisani; Ialomița Country: Valea Mraconia, Ogradena. UKRAINE: 61♀♀ and 82♂♂ Fetești; Covasna Country: Baraolt, ex. Tortrix viridana L.; from 22 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Tysmenytsya Maramures Country: Somcuta Mare, ex. Tortrix viridana District, Vovchynets; Bogorodchany District, Mochary, L.; Cluj Country: Baciu, ex. Archips xylosteana L.; Neamț 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Country: Pangarați; Valea Toaca, Ceahlau; Durnitoarea, Dibrova, 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Сeahlau; Galați County: Poiana Fundeanu-Motes, Grivita, Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; oak, ex. T. viridana L. UKRAINE: 24♀♀ and 106♂♂ Gorgany, 1250–1300 m, coniferous forest, 11–12 km SW from 19 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Tysmenytsya of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 1200 m, coniferous forest, 5 km District, Vovchynets; Bogorodchany District, Mochary, SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, coniferous forest, 8–9 km 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; SW of Stara Guta; Nadvirna District, Gorgany, Elmy, Dibrova, 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; 800–900 m, coniferous forest, 15 km SW of Yaremche; Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; Chornogora, slopes of m. Goverla, 1700 m, subalpine zone; Gorgany, 1250–1300 m, coniferous forest, 11–12 km SW Chornogora, near Nesamovyte, 1750 m, subalpine zone; of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 1200 m, coniferous forest, 5 km District, Verbovets, mixed forest; Transcarpathian SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 1600 m, subalpine zone, 8 Region: Rakhiv District, slopes of m. Sheshul, 1400–1500 km SW of Stara Guta; Nadvirna District, Gorgany, Elmy, m, subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of Kvasy; Svydovets, 850– 800–900 m, coniferous forest, 15 km SW of Yaremche; 900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW of Kvasy; Rakhiv, beech Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, slopes of m. forest; Chornogora, Bilyi, 1100–1200 m; Kuzyi, beech Sheshul, 1400–1500 m, subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of Kvasy; forest; Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech forest;

356 VARGA / Turk J Zool

Tyachiv; Uzhgorod District, Kamyanytsya; Uzhgorod; Material examined. UKRAINE: 2♀♀ and 10♂♂ from Svalyava District, Polyana; Lviv Region: Sambir. 4 localities: Gorgany, 1600 m, subalpine zone, 8 km SW Remark: Several misidentifications were found in of Stara Guta; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, Pisica’s collection: one female as Pimpla spuria Gravenhorst, Chornogora, 1500 m, coniferous forest; Chornogora, five males and four females as I. maculator (Fabricius), two Kvasnyi, 900–1500 m, beech forest; Rakhiv, beech forest. females as P. turionellae L., one female as P. contemplator (Fabricius, 1775) (Muller), one female as I. curticauda (Kriechbaumer), two Diagnosis: This species is similar to I. alternans females and one male as I. tunetana (Schmiedeknecht), (Gravenhorst) but is characterized by the densely punctate one female as Gregopimpla inquisitor (Scopoli), and two mesopleuron and hind trochanter and trochantellus black males as Scambus vesicarius (Ratzeburg). with yellow marks. Itoplectis aterrima Jussila, 1965 Material examined. ROMANIA: 266♀♀ and 150♂♂ Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from the from 54 localities: Alba Country: Teius; Arges Country: other European species by the combination of the following Merisani, Dornnesti; Botosani Country: Rediu; Sendriceni; characters: female fore tarsal claw with a large tooth-like Tataraseni; Ipotești; Bucharest: Grivita; Constanta basal lobe, hind tibia red with whitish band, upper hind Country: Baneasa, Canaraua Fetii; Agigea; Darabani, ex. corner of pronotum, scape and pedicel ventrally, coxae Tortrix viridana L.; Tatlageac; Tulcea County: Danube black, trochanters and trochantelli red, male metasomal Delta, Tulcea, ex. Yponomeuta rorrella Hb.; Județul Cluj: tergite VI strongly but indistinctly punctate. Baciu, ex Archips xylosteana L.; Covasna Country: Baraolt, Material examined. UKRAINE: 1♀ and 8♂♂ from 4 ex. T. viridana L.; Dolj Country: Dabuleni; Ialomita localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany District, Country: Fetesti; Iasi Country: Iasi; ibid., ex. T. viridana L.; Gorgany, slopes of m. Cyvulya, subalpine zone, 12–13 Dumesti; Breazu; Biric; Ciric; Scobinti; Harghita Country: km SW of Stara Guta; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv Suhardul Mic; Lacu Roșu; Galati County: Garboavele, oak; District, Chornogora, 1500 m; Marmarosy, subalpine Mehedinti Country; Dubova; Valea Mraconia, Ogradena; Mures Country: Baragan; Neamt Country: Valea Toaca, zone, 12 km E of Dilove; Tyachyv District, Dubove. Сeahlau; Potoci, Bicaz; Izvorul, Pangarati; Roman; Stejaru; Itoplectis clavicornis (Thomson, 1889) Ruginești; Durau; Ocolas Mare; Satu Mare Country: Diagnosis: This species is similar to I. alternans Noroieni; Sibiu Country: Cisnadioara; Rasinari; Suceava (Gravenhorst) but is characterized by the female’s shorter Country: Adancata; Ponoare; Frumoasa; Falticeni; ovipositor (as long as the first metasomal tergite), apically Obcina; Bunesti; Itcani; Suceava; Ipotesti; Mihoveni; widened antenna (subapical segments transverse), whitish, Poiana Stampei; Teleorman Country: Dobrotesti; Tulcea only basally and apically fuscous, male hind tibia. Country: Murighiol; Vaslui Country: Husi; Timis Material examined. ROMANIA: 1♀ and 8♂♂ from Country: Tomnatic. UKRAINE: 40♀♀ and 9♂♂ from 3 localities: Mehedinti Country: Orsova; Valea mraconia; 15 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany Cazane mici. District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE Remark: The female specimen was misidentified as of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW Pimpla contemplator (Muller). of Bogorodchany; Gorgany, 1200 m, coniferous forest, 5 Itoplectis enslini (Ulbricht, 1911) km SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 1375 m, upper limit of Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from coniferous forest, 7 km SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 1600 other European species by the combination of the m, subalpine zone, 8 km SW of Stara Guta; Chornogora, following characters: female fore tarsal claw with a small subalpine zone; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, and narrow (sometimes reduced) tooth-like basal lobe, Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW of Kvasy; antenna blackish basally, hind tibia red with whitish band, Chornogora, Bylyi, 1100–1200 m; Marmarosy, subalpine upper hind corner of pronotum yellow, scape and pedicel zone, 12 km E of Dilove; Vynogradiv District, Chorna ventrally, hind coxa, trochanter black, male metasomal Gora; Nove Selo; Irshava District, Bronky; Svalyava tergite VI punctate, smooth between punctures. District, Polyana; Uzhgorod District, Uzhgorod. Material examined. ROMANIA: ♀, Tulcea Country: Remark: Several misidentifications were found in Murighiol; ♂, Danube Delta, ex. Yponomeuta rorrella Hb. Pisica’s collection: seven females and 21 males as I. alternans Remark: The male specimen was misidentified as I. (Gravenhorst), one female as Gregopimpla inquisitor alternans (Gravenhorst). (Scopoli), and one male as I. tunetana (Schmiedeknecht). Itoplectis insignis Perkins, 1957 Itoplectis melanocephala (Gravenhorst, 1829) Diagnosis: This species is similar to I. enslini Diagnosis: This species is characterized by the entirely (Ulbricht) but is characterized by the hind trochanter red hind tibiae and metasoma. and trochantellus black with yellow marks and male 6th Material examined. ROMANIA: Romania: ♀, metasomal tergite granulate between punctures. Constanta Country: Agigea, 13.08.1964; ♂, Timis County:

357 VARGA / Turk J Zool

Satchinez, 01.07.1983; ♀, Tulcea Country: Murighiol, Material examined. ROMANIA: 2♀♀ and 4♂♂ from 5 15.06.1980; ♀, ibid., 25.07.1980; ♂, 2♀♀, ibid., 09.09.1982; localities: Botosani Country: Sendriceni; Brasov Country: ♀, ibid., 12.09.1983; ♀, ibid., 08.10.1983. UKRAINE: ♀, Dobrogea, Brasov; Tulcea Country: Tulcea, Danube Delta; Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany District, Mochary, Murighiol; Babadag. 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany, Pimpla arctica Zetterstedt, 1838 Malaise trap, 30.06–21.07.2015. Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from Remark: Several misidentifications were found in the other European species by the combination of the Pisica’s collection: one male as Scambus rufator (Aubert), following characters: face and mesosoma with brownish one male as Endromopoda arundinator (Fabricius), and setae, mesopleuron densely punctate, hind coxa black with one female mounted with Fredegunda diluta (Ratzeburg) red marks, hind tibia uniformly red, male antenna without metasoma and identified as E. arundinator (Fabricius). tyloids. Itoplectis tunetana (Schmiedeknecht, 1914) Material examined. ROMANIA: ♂, Neamt Country: Diagnosis: This species is similar to I. enslini (Ulbricht) Durau, 16.07.1965. UKRAINE: ♂, Ivano-Frankivsk and I. insignis Perkins but is characterized by the reddish Region: Bogorodchany District; Gorgany, 1375 m, upper basally antenna, red hind trochanter and trochantellus, limit of coniferous forest, 7 km SW of Stara Guta, Malaise and sparsely but distinctly punctate male 6th metasomal trap, 20.07–08.08.2014; ♂, Transcarpathian Region, tergite. Rakhiv District, slopes of m. Sheshul, 1400–1500 m, Material examined. ROMANIA: without locality subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of Kvasy, 15.06.2013; ♀, ibid., and date, ex. Yponomeuta rorrella Hb.; Bucharest, ex. 06.06.2014; ♀, ibid., Malaise trap, 29.06–18.07.2014. Lepidoptera sp.; Iasi Country: Biric; Suceava Country: Pimpla contemplator (Muller, 1776) Ponoare; Tulcea, Danube Delta, ex. Y. rorrella Hb. Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from UKRAINE: ♀, Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany the other European species by the combination of the District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of following characters: face and mesosoma with whitish Bogorodchany; Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of setae, mesosoma sparsely punctate, hind tibia red with Bogorodchany, 13.09.2011. yellowish band, laterotergites II–IV wide, female hind coxa Remark: Four females were misidentified as I. alternans red, and tarsomere IV of fore tarsus strongly concave; male (Gravenhorst) and one female as I. aterrima Jusilla. hind coxa black, metasomal tergite VI basally indistinctly Itoplectis viduata (Gravenhorst, 1829) punctate. Diagnosis: This species is characterized by the entirely Material examined. ROMANIA: 129♀♀ and 363♂♂ black coxae and metasoma, and red hind tibiae. from 35 localities: Arges Country: Arefu; Capatanenii Material examined. ROMANIA: 11♀♀ and 15♂♂ Ungureni; Brasov Country: Magura; Cluj Country: Baciu; from 12 localities: Iasi Country: Iasi, Repedea; Dumesti; Fagetul Clujului; Constanta Country: Baneasa; Negureni; Satu Mare Country: Satu Mare; Suceava Country: Adamclisi; Ialomita Country: Fetesti; Iasi Country: Breazu; Spataresti; ibid., ex. Orgya sp.; Vaslui Country: Birlad; Repedea; Valea David; Voinesti; Dobrovat; Barnova; Galati Ialomita Country: Fetesti; Tuzla; Neamt Country: Potoci, County: Garboavele; Mehedinti Country: Cazane Mici; Bicaz; Bacau Country: Slanic Moldova; Tulcea Country: Dubova; Orsova; Valea Mraconia, Ogradena; Eselnita; Murighiol. UKRAINE: ♂, Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Neamt Country: Bicaz; Poiana Teiului; Sibiu Country: Bogorodchany District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed Cisnadioara; Rasinari; Prislop; Suceava Country: Suceava; forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany, 31.08.2009; ♂, Zhbyr, Ponoare; Adancata; Frumoasa; Poiana Stampei; Scheia; 400 m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany, ex. Malini; Teleorman Country: Merisani; Tulcea Country: Lepidoptera cocon, 04.2011; ♂, Transcarpathian Region: Uzlina; Vrancea Country: Odobesti. UKRAINE: 34♀♀ Beregovo District, Kidesh, 15.06.1963. and 90♂♂ from 16 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Remark: Several misidentifications were found in Bogorodchany District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed Pisica’s collection: three females as Pimpla rufipes (Muller), forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak one male as P. sodalis Ruthe, and one male as Gregopimpla forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed inquisitor (Scopoli). forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; Zhuraky, 450–500 Pimpla aethiops Curtis, 1828 m, mixed forest, 8 km S of Bogorodchany; Kosiv District, Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from Verbovets, mixed forest; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv other European species by the combination of the following District, Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km characters: hind leg entirely black, fore and middle legs NW of Kvasy; Kuzyi, beech forest; Tyachiv District, Mala at least partly black, female metasomal tergites densely Ugolka, 750 m, beech forest; Vonigovo, apple orchard, punctate to the apex, mesopleuron strongly punctate, Malaise trap; Dubove; Irshava District, Bronky; Beregovo tegulae brownish, male scutellum black and antennal District, Zmyivka; Beregovo; Svalyava District, Polyana; segments 6–9 with tyloids. Uklin; Uzhgorod District, Kamyanytsya, Skalka.

358 VARGA / Turk J Zool

Remark: Several misidentifications were found in Guta; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, slopes of Pisica’s collection: one female and four males as P. spur i a m. Sheshul, 1400–1500 m, subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of Gravenhorst, one female as P. arc ti ca Zetterstedt, four Kvasy; Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW females as P. flavicoxis Thomson, one female and 40 males of Kvasy; Chornogora, slopes of m. Goverla, 1500 m, as P. turionellae L., one male as P. artemonis Kasparyan, subalpine zone; Chornogora, Bilyi, 1100–1200 m; Kuzyi, and one female as P. melanacrias Perkins. beech forest; Kosivska Polyana, Kudryavyi; Rakhiv, beech Pimpla flavicoxis Thomson, 1877 forest; Dilove, beech forest; Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from beech forest; Irshava District, Bronky; Beregovo District, other European species by the combination of the Zmyivka; Uzhgorod District, Kamyanutsya. following characters: face and mesosoma with whitish Remark: Several misidentifications were found in setae, mesopleuron sparsely punctate, hind tibia red with Pisica’s collection: one male as P. artemonis Kasparyan, yellowish band, laterotergites II–IV narrow, female hind one female and two males as P. contemlator (Muller), two coxa red, antenna basally yellowish; male hind coxa at least females as P. turionellae L., two females as P. flavicoxis partly red and antenna without tyloids. Thomson, and one female as P. spur i a Gravenhorst. Material examined. ROMANIA: ♂, Sibiu Country: Pimpla melanacrias Perkins, 1941 Cisnadioara; Rasinari, 14.06.1958. UKRAINE: 4♀♀ Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. contemplator and 21♂♂ from 9 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: (Muller) but is characterized by the apically black hind Bogorodchany District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed femur, weakly concave female 4th tarsomere of fore tarsus, forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak narrow male 2nd–4th laterotergites. forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Zhuraky, 450–500 m, Material examined. ROMANIA: 24♀♀ and 114♂♂ mixed forest, 8 km S of Bogorodchany; Gorgany, 1250– from 18 localities: Bacau Country: Magura; Ialomita 1300 m, coniferous forest, 11–12 km SW of Stara Guta; Country: Fetesti; Iasi Country: Dumesti; Voinesti; Neamt Gorgany, 1375 m, upper limit of coniferous forest, 7 km Country: Durau; Potoci, Bicaz; Pangarati; Sibiu Country: SW of Stara Guta; Nadvirna District, Gorgany, Elmy, Cisnadioara; Rasinari; Prislop; Suceava Country: Suceava; 800–900 m, coniferous forest, 15 km SW of Yaremche; Ponoare; Obcina; Adancata; Frumoasa; Poiana Stampei; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, slopes of m. Slatioara, Cirlibaba. UKRAINE: 7♀♀ and 25♂♂ from Sheshul, 1400–1500 m, subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of Kvasy; 11 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany Marmarosy, Kvasnyi; Rakhiv, beech forest. District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Pimpla illecebrator (Villers, 1789) Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW of Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. arc ti ca Bogorodchany; Pydhyrya; Nadvirna District, Chornogora, Zetterstedt but is characterized by the black hind coxae and tibiae, longer than hind tibia, ovipositor, and some Kukul, coniferous forest; Chornogora, pol. Pozhezhevska, male antennal segments with tyloids. coniferous forest; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv Material examined. UKRAINE: ♂, Transcarpathian District, Chornogora, 8–9 km E of Yasinya; Chornogora, Region: Rakhiv District, slopes of m. Sheshul, 16– Bilyi; Rakhiv, beech forest; Hust District, Hust; Uzhgorod 18.06.2012. District, Nevutske; Svalyava District, Polyana. Pimpla insignatoria (Gravenhorst, 1807) Remark: Several misidentifications were found Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. flavicoxis in Pisica’s collection: nine females and 39 males as P. Thomson but is characterized by the female uniformly turionellae L., two males as P. spur i a Gravenhorst, and one red antenna and male 6th–10th antennal segments with female as P. contemplator (Muller). Generally almost all tyloids. specimens were misidentified and the rest were found in Material examined. ROMANIA: 13♀♀ and 10♂♂ unsorted materials. from 9 localities: Cluj Country: Baciu; Iasi Country: Pimpla murinanae Fahringer, 1943 Breazu; Voinesti; Mehedinti Country: Orsova; Neamt Diagnosis: This species can be distinguished from Country: Ceahlau; Suceava Country: Suceava; Adancata; the other European species by the combination of the Frumoasa; Vaslui Country: Birlad. UKRAINE: 62♀♀ following characters: face and mesosoma with whitish and 71♂♂ from 18 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: setae, mesopleuron densely punctate, upper hind corner Bogorodchany District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed of pronotum black, hind leg black, except femur varying forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak from red to black, fore and middle legs red (as shown in forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed Figure 2), metasomal tergites 4–5 densely but indistinctly forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; Gorgany, 1250–1300 punctate, weakly granulate between punctures. m, coniferous forest, 11–12 km SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, Material examined. ROMANIA: ♂, Suceava Country: 1200 m, coniferous forest, 5 km SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, Slatioara, 18.09.1962. UKRAINE: ♀, Transcarpathian 1375 m, upper limit of coniferous forest, 7 km SW of Stara Region: Rakhiv District, Yablunytsya Pass, 11.07. 2010.

359 VARGA / Turk J Zool

of facial setae is the only reliable character for this species in this case. Pimpla spuria Gravenhorst, 1829 Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. contemplator (Muller) but is characterized by the weakly concave female 4th tarsomere of fore tarsus, uniformly red hind tibia, and distinctly punctate basally 6th male metasomal tergite. Material examined. ROMANIA: 206♀♀ and 571♂♂ from 67 localities: Arges Country: Pitesti; Cаpаțаnenii Ungureni; Bacau Country: Slanic Moldova, Ciresoaia; Bacau; Stejaru; Bihor Country: Oradea; Botosani Country: Bucecea; Trusesti; Stefаnesti; Buzau Country: Dedulesti; Dedulesti; Brasov Country: Magura; Constanta Country: Baneasa, Canaraua Fetii; Agigea; Negureni; Histria; Figure 2. Pimpla murinanae Fahringer, 1943: lateral view of Adamclisi; Dolj Country: Calafat; Iasi Country: Iasi; ibid., habitus. Agricultural Lyceum, ex. Hyphantria cunea (Drury); Barnova; Valea David; Dumesti; Repedea; Mircesti; Galati County: Garboavele, oak; Mehedinti Country: Cazane Pimpla rufipes (Miller, 1759) Mici; Dubova; Valea Mraconia, Ogradena; Planisevita; Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. illecebrator Eselnita; Neamt Country: Valea Toaca, Сeahlau; Potoci, (Villers) but is characterized by the red hind femur and Bicaz; Izvorul, Pangarati; Poiana Сirnu, Bicaz; Tarcаu, shorter ovipositor. Poiana Teiului; Duruitoarea, Сeahalu; Ruginesti; Vaduri; Material examined. ROMANIA: 126♀♀ and 133♂♂ Tarcаu; Ardeluța; Oantu; Sibiu Country: Cisnadioara; from 35 localities: Bihor Country: Oradea; Botosani Rasinari; Prislop; Valea Girbova, Miercurea Sibiului; Country: Stefanesti; Liveni Maloneasa; Constanta Country: Suceava Country: Ponoare; Frasin; Obcini; Frumoasa; Baneasa; Agigea; Tulcea County: Babadag, ex. Malacosoma Cаmpulung Moldovenesc; Calimani National Park; Hura neustria L.; Cluj Country: Fagetul Clujului; Dolj Country: Humorului; Teleorman Country: Dobrotesti; Tulcea Dabuleni; Iasi Country: Iasi; ibid., ex. Leucoma salicis L.; Country: Murighiol; Uzlina; Vaslui Country: Husi; ibid., Agricultural Lyceum, ex. Hyphantria cunea (Drury); Birlad; Trestiana; Zorleni; Vrancea Country: Adjudu Barnova; Breazu; Deleni; Repedea; Voinesti; Mehedinti Vechi, Rarau; Focsani. UKRAINE: 22♀♀ and 76♂♂ from Country; Dubova; Valea Mraconia; Neamt Country: 17 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany Сeahlau; Potoci; Satu Mare Country: Satu Mare; Salaj District, Mochary, 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Country: Zalau; Sibiu Country: Cisnadioara; Rasinari; Bogorodchany; Dibrova, 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW of Suceava Country: Ponoare; Vladleni Vale, Frumoasa; Bogorodchany; Transcarpathian Region: Rakhiv District, Bunesti; Slatioara; Suceava; Poiana Stampei; Teleorman Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW of Kvasy; Country: Draganesti, ex. Malacosoma neustria L.; Svydovets, m. Blyznytsya, subalpine zone, 8 km NW of Merisani; Tulcea Country: Murighiol; Vaslui Country: Kvasy; Kuzyi, beech forest; Marmarosy, subalpine zone, 12 Birlad; Trestiana; Vrancea Country: Adjudu Vechi. km E of Dilove; Rakhiv; Vinogradiv District, Chorna Gora; UKRAINE: 22♀♀ and 39♂♂ from 11 localities: Ivano- Nove Selo; Irshava District, Kamyanka; Bronky; Hust Frankivsk Region: Tysmenytsya District, Vovchynets; District, Hust; Svalyava District, Polyana; Uklin; Uzhgorod Bogorodchany District, Bogorodchany; Mochary, 300– District, Uzhgorod; Tyachiv District, Ust Chorna; Mala 350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Dibrova, Ugolka, beech forest. 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; Zhbyr, 400 Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus, 1758) m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; Solotvyn; Diagnosis: This species is similar to P. murinanae Transcarpathian Region, Rakhiv District, slopes of m. Fahringer but is characterized by the yellow upper hind Sheshul, 1400–1500 m, subalpine zone, 6–7 km E of corner of pronotum, red hind femur and yellow banded Kvasy; Svydovets, 850–900 m, beech forest, 2–3 km NW hind tibia, densely and distinctly punctate, smooth of Kvasy; Svydovets, m. Blyznytsya, subalpine zone, 8 km between punctures, 4th–5th metasomal tergites. NW of Kvasy; Rakhiv; Tyachiv District: Mala Ugolka, 750 Material examined. ROMANIA: 52♀♀ and m, beech forest; Beregovo District, Zmyivka. 39♂♂ from 25 localities: Buzau Country: Cislau; Cluj Remark: Small specimens of P. arc ti ca Zetterstedt, P. Country: Cheia; Covasna Country: Lemnia; Constanta illecebrator (Villers), and P. r ufip es (Muller) have sparsely Country: Baneasa; ibid., ex. Grapholita molesta (Busck); and indistinctly punctate mesopleuron, so the coloration Dolj Country: Calafat; ibid., ex. G. molesta (Busck);

360 VARGA / Turk J Zool

Iasi Country: Iasi; Breazu; Biric; Dumesti, ex. Hedya Gorgany, slopes of m. Cyvulya, subalpine zone, 12–13 nubiferana (Haworth); ibid., ex. Yponomeuta malinella km SW of Stara Guta; Gorgany, 1375 m, upper limit Zeller; Mehedinti Country: Dubova; Valea Girbovat; of coniferous forest, 7 km SW of Stara Guta; Nadvirna Neamț Country: Roman, ex. Pandemis heparana ([Denis District, Gorgany, Elmy, 800–900 m, coniferous forest, 15 & Schiffermüller]); Prahova Country: Magurele; Sibiu km SW of Yaremche. Country: Bazna; Suceava Country: Suceava; ibid., ex Remark: Several misidentifications were found in Cydia pomonella L.; Poiana Stampei; Slatioara; Horodnic Pisica’s collection: one female as P. r ufip es (Muller), de Jos; Hura Humorului; Spataresti; Județul Teleorman: one female as I. maculator (Fabricius), two females as P. Draganești-Vlasca, ex. Malacosoma neustria L.; Tulcea comtemplator, three females and three males as P. spur i a Country: Tulcea, Danube Delta, ex. Yponomeuta rorrella Gravenhorst, and one male as I. alternans (Gravenhorst). Hb.; Vaslui Country: Birlad; Trestiana. UKRAINE: 13♀♀ (Poda, 1761) from 7 localities: Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Tysmenytsya Diagnosis: This species is characterized by the yellow District, Vovchynets; Bogorodchany District, Mochary, body with black marks. 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Material examined. ROMANIA: 124♀♀ and 265♂♂ Dibrova, 310 m, oak forest, 5 km SW of Bogorodchany; from 22 localities: Botosani Country: Vladeni-Deal, ex. Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; Aporia crataegi L.; Satu Mare Country: Satu Mare, ex.

Table. The Pimplini high-altitude zone distribution in the Ukrainian Carpathians.

High-altitude zone

Species foothill oak forest zone beech forest zone coniferous boreal forest zone subalpine zone Apechthis capulifera A. compunctor A. rufata A. quadridentata Itoplectis alternans I. aterrima I. insignis I. maculator I. melanocephala I. tunetana I. viduata Pimpla arctica P. contemplator P. flavicoxis P. illecebrator P. insignatoria P. melanacrias P. murinanae P. r ufip es P. spur i a P. turionellae Theronia atalantae T. laevigata

361 VARGA / Turk J Zool

Euproctis chrysorrhoea L.; ibid., ex. Malacosoma neustria The Pimplini species have been recorded in various L.; Noroieni; ibid., ex. E. chrysorrhoea L.; Iasi Country: high-altitude zones of the Ukrainian Carpathians, as Iasi, ex. Aporia sp.; ibid., Copou Park; Radeni, ex. Aporia shown in the Table. Sixteen of them were collected in the sp.; Voinesti; Deleni, ex. Aporia sp.; Ciric; Vaslui Country: foothill oak forest zone, reaching up to 150–400 m a.s.l. in Birlad; Trestiana; Arges Country: Costesti, ex. Malacosoma Precarpathia and Transcarpathian lowland with mixed neustria L.; Maramures Country: Valea Usturoiului, Baia forests, where the main tree species are Quercus robur L., Mare; Neamt Country: Pangarati; Galati County: Poiana Q. rubra L., Caprinus spp., Fraxinus spp., Picea abies L., Fundeanu-Motes, Grivita, oak, ex. Tortrix viridana L. Abies alba Mill., and Pinus sylvestris L. The same number UKRAINE: 12♀♀ and 7♂♂ from 5 localities: Ivano- of species, 16, was found in monocultural stands of Fagus Frankivsk Region: Bogorodchany District, Mochary, sylvatica L. in the beech forest zone (400–1300 m a.s.l.) in 300–350 m, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany; Transcarpathia. Pimplini parasitoids were not so abundant Zhbyr, 400 m, mixed forest, 7–8 km SW of Bogorodchany; in the coniferous boreal forest zone, situated at 900–1600 Transcarpathian Region: Beregovo District, Kidesh; m a.s.l. in the mountainous part of the Carpathians, represented only by 11 species, and P. murinanae Fahringer Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech forest; was collected only in this zone. Fourteen species were Uzhgorod District, Uzhgorod. found in the subalpine zone, at 1400–2061 m a.s.l., known Theronia laevigata (Tschek, 1869) as polonynys, which are high-altitude open grasslands, Diagnosis: This species is characterized by the black partly taken over by bush, mainly by Pinus mugo Turra, body and partly red legs. Dushekia viridis Opiz, Juniperus sibirica Burgsdorf., and ♀ Material examined. ROMANIA: , Iasi Country: only single Picea abies L. trees. Two of them, P. arc ti ca Barnova, 03.11.1974. UKRAINE: 8♀♀ and 12♂♂ from 2 Zetterstedt and P. illecebrator (Villers), were found only in localities: Transcarpathian Region: Svydovets, 850–900 m, this zone. beech forest, 2–3 km NW of Kvasy; Tyachiv District, Mala Ugolka, 750 m, beech forest. Acknowledgments During the investigations carried out in various The author would like to acknowledge the following locations of the Ukrainian Carpathians between 2009 curators: Ovidiu Popovici (UAIC), Stefan Schmidt (ZSM), and 2015, 23 species of the tribe Pimplini, belonging to Frank Koch (MNHU), and Marek Wanat (MNHHWU) four genera, were recorded. Five species was recorded for for access to collections; and Ovidiu Popovici and Lucian the first time from Ukraine. The most abundant Pimplini Fusu (UAIC) for access to the photolaboratory. This study species in 2009–2015 was Itoplectis alternans (Gravenhorst) was funded by the Erasmus Mundus Scholarship, the (14% of the total number of specimens). Rufford Foundation, and the Ernst Mayr Grant.

References

Constantineanu MI, Pisica C (1977). Hymenoptera. Ichneumonidae. Kasparyan DR (1974). Review of the Palearctic species of the tribe Subfamilie Ephialtinae, Lycorininae, Xoridinae si Acaenitinae. Pimplini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). The genus Pimpla Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania 9: 1-305 (in Romanian). Fabricius. Entomol Review 53: 382-403 (in Russian). Fitton MG, Shaw MR, Gauld, ID (1988). Pimplinae Ichneumon- Kasparyan DR (1981). Subfamily Pimplinae. In: Medvedev GS, Flies: Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae (Pimplinae). Handbooks editor. Keys to the of the European Part of the USSR. for the Identification of British Insects, Vol. 7. St Albans, UK: Vol. III. Hymenoptera. Part 3. Leningrad, USSR: Nauka, pp. Royal Entomological Society. 41-97 (in Russian). Gauld I, Bolton B (1988). The Hymenoptera. British Museum Pisică C, Popescu IE (2009). Le catalogue des ichneumonides (Natural History). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumoniade) de Roumanie. Iaşi, Romania: PIM (in Romanian). Gauld ID (1991). The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica, 1. Mem Amer Entomol Ins 47: 1-589. Yu DS, van Achterberg C, Horstmann K (2012). Home of Ichneumonoidea. Ottawa, Canada. Available online at www. Kasparyan DR (1973). A review of the Palearctic Ichneumonids of taxapad.com. the tribe Pimplini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). The genera Itoplectis Forest and Apechthis Foerst. Entomol Review 52: 665- 681 (in Russian).

362