DOCSLIB.ORG

Implementation and Quality Evaluation of Video Telephony Using Session Initiation Protocol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Implementation and Quality Evaluation of Video Telephony Using Session Initiation Protocol Implementation and Quality Evaluation of Video Telephony Using Session Initiation Protocol Taweesak Samanchuen and Supaporn Kiattisin Technology of Information System Management Division, Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University, Puttamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], Phone: (662) 889-2138 ext. 6300 Abstract—Video telephony is a big change of communication technologies and becomes a standard-based technology available Video Telephony Server on personal computers and mobile phones for today. Video telephony technology has been developed using several advanced technologies which can be simplified into two fundamental parts, i.e., server and client. The server enables the clients to keep connect to each other while the client captures the audio and video data for transmission and converts the transmission of data back to the form of audio and video signals. For our implemented systems, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) server is used as video telephony server. Video codec such as VP8, MPEG4, H263, and H264 are used as video compression in the client. The performances of codec are evaluated by objective and subjective quality tests. The result shows that the implemented system can work properly and the video quality of each codec is Internet also evaluated. I. INTRODUCTION Client A Client B The internet makes people connect together via various Fig. 1: Simple block diagram of the video telephony system. communication channels such as e-mail, chat programs, social networking, voice over IP (VoIP), or video telephony system. Video telephony system is a communication channel which can serve for both personal and official purposes. This com- become a majority in telephony area because of its text-based munication channel makes users to communicate in real time protocols architecture which can access to new services faster and feel like they are sitting in front of each other. The popular with a greater flexibility than many alternative multimedia free-service video telephony systems for today are “Skpye”, communication protocols in use today [2], [3]. For our study, acquired by Microsoft Corporation and “Facetime”, invented SIP server is set to be the video telephony server. by Apple Inc. As these two service systems are free of charge, Another important part of video telephony is video com- users must be requested to sign in as their members and will be pression which can be split into two processes; coding and required to connect to their servers over the internet. However, decoding processes. At present, there are a lot of compression setting up a private video telephony system or within LAN or standards to use for coding video and audio available. The WAN for the company work group cannot be done according very first compression standards launched in 1993 were MPEG to the limitation of internet connection requirements. 1 and MPEG 2 which were developed by Moving Picture The video telephony system uses several advance technolo- Experts Group (MPEG). In 1998, Video Coding Experts gies. In Fig. 1, the simple block diagram of the video telephony Group (VCEG) was responsible for the H.261 which was system, which consists of video telephony server and clients, widely used for video conferencing and later, becoming the is shown. The clients can be any kinds of smart devices such as H.263 successor. These two groups set up the joint video personal computer (PC), smart phone, or tablet with a camera, team collaboration and prepared international standard for a microphone, a display, and a speaker. The server functions as H.264/MPEG4 Part 10 Advanced Video Coding (AVC). The client registration and call initiation, while the client functions overview of technical features of H.264/AVC can be found in as end device, i.e., initialing the call request, voice and video [4] and [5]. In May 2010, Google started a new open media capturing, and digital signal processing. project called “WebM”, which is dedicated to develop open The video telephony server can be done by several pro- media format for the web that is available for everyone. At the tocols such as H.323 protocol, Mobile Status Notification core of the project is a new open source video compression Protocol (MSNP), Extensible Messaging and Presence Pro- format VP8. This format was originally developed by a small tocol (XMPP), or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). SIP has research team at On2 Technologies, Inc. as a successor of 978-616-361-823-8 © 2014 APSIPA APSIPA 2014 its VPX family of video codecs. Compared to other video Server coding formats, VP8 has many distinctive technical features SIP Server that help it to achieve high compression efficiency and low Linux OS computational complexity for decoding at the same time. The objective of our work is to implement the video telephony system for wireless network and evaluate the per- Softphone Access formance of audio and video codec techniques in the video Microsoft Point telephony environment. The organization of this paper is as Window OS follows: Section II, explain detail of how to evaluate the per- Softphone ` formance of the video telephony. Section III describes about IOS Smart Phone Router system implementation. Experimental result and conclusion PC are in Sections IV and V, respectively. Fig. 2: Simple block diagram of the implemented system. II. VIDEO TELEPHONY PERFORMANCE EVALUATION Video telephony consists of two parts of perceived signals, TABLE I: Hardware specification i.e., audio and video. Evaluating of the overall performance of Server CPU Intel icore 3 2.5 GHz both signals must be considered simultaneously. As described RAM 4 GB in [6], we can classify the quality measurement of video Client - PC CPU Intel Atom N270 1.667 GHz RAM 4 GB telephony into two groups, i.e., subjective quality and objective Client - Smart Phone CPU ARM Cortex-A8 1 GHz quality. RAM 512MB A. Subjective Quality The subjective quality means the quality of signal perceived 2 th by people which is measured by using an assessment. For where 255 is maximum pixel power, u(k; m; n) is pixel n th th video quality subjective experiment, a number of people are of the row m in the original image at the time index k , asked to watch a set of video clips and rate their quality. and u^(k; m; n) is corresponding pixel in the reproduced image The average of overall rating from viewers to a given clip [11]. is also known as the Mean Opinion Score (MOS). Currently, Because PSNR is based on byte-by-byte comparison of the there are a lot of subjective testing methods. International data without considering what video actually represents, so Telecommunication Union (ITU) has published in various it is only has an approximate relationship with the video recommendations [7]-[9].They recommend standard viewing quality. To overcome this problem, the approach in metric conditions, criteria for selection of observer and test material, designs were proposed [12],[13] which can be classified into assessment procedure, and data analysis methods. The rec- two groups i.e., vision modeling approach and engineering ommendations include implicit comparisons such as Double approach which can be found more detail in [13]. However, stimulus Continuous Quality Scale (DSCQS), explicit com- for simplifying the test, PSNR is used in this work. parisons such as Double Stimulus Impairment Scale (DSIS). III. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION More detail in subjective test can be found in [10]. As shown in Fig. 1, there are two parts of the system to Subjective test is very important for multimedia quality implement, client and server. For the client part, PCs and smart testing. The main weak point is the requirement to use a large phones are used as clients while the server is implemented on number of testers, which may limit number of video material a PC. The diagram of the implemented system is shown in that can be rated in a reasonable amount of time. However, Fig. 2 with hardware specification shown in Table I. subjective test remains the benchmark for all objective quality A variety of open source projects are selected and applied matrices. to each part of the system. On the server side, the open source B. Objective Quality project called “Asterisk” [14] is used as the SIP server. On the A well-known objective quality for video processing is client side, the open source project called “Linphone” [15] is called peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). There are many used as the video softphone. Linphone can be run on different reasons why the PSNR is popular for objective quality but kinds of platforms such as PC, tablet, or smart phone which its most outstanding feature is that the formula used for is suitable for wireless network system. To make the SIP computing is very simple to understand and implement. PSNR server function correctly and successfully enable the video is defined for a video sequence with original M × N image call, the configuration of the server needs to be set properly. u and the total number of frames K as the ratio of the total The configuration on our server is shown as follows: maximum (peak) pixel power to the total mean squared error // sip.conf: (MSE), as follows: [general] 2552 port=5060 PSNR = 10 log ; (1) tcpenable=yes 10 P (u(k;m;n)−u^(k;m;n))2 k;m;n KMN tcpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 SIP Server Video Call Video Call SIP client SIP client (Transmitter) (Receive) Network Emulator Iperf client Iperf server Fig. 3: Network testbed for measurement. bindaddr=0.0.0.0 allowoverlap=no videosupport=yes allow=h263 Fig. 4: Example image from the implemented video telephony allow=h264 system. allow=VP8 allow=MPEG4 context=defualt TABLE II: Test condition [2000] Video resolution CIF (386x288) type=friend Frame rate per second 5 - 30 fps secret=1234 Video bits rat 100kbps - 1000kbps host=dynamic Codec H263, H264, MPEG4, VP8 [2001] Video sequences Foreman, Aykiyo type=friend Package loss rate 0 - 0.05 secret=1234 host=dynamic The given configuration shows that each audio and video measure factor for this test, the smart phone was replaced encoding needs to enable before using.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FCC-06-11A1.Pdf
    Federal Communications Commission FCC 06-11 Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Annual Assessment of the Status of Competition ) MB Docket No. 05-255 in the Market for the Delivery of Video ) Programming ) TWELFTH ANNUAL REPORT Adopted: February 10, 2006 Released: March 3, 2006 Comment Date: April 3, 2006 Reply Comment Date: April 18, 2006 By the Commission: Chairman Martin, Commissioners Copps, Adelstein, and Tate issuing separate statements. TABLE OF CONTENTS Heading Paragraph # I. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................. 1 A. Scope of this Report......................................................................................................................... 2 B. Summary.......................................................................................................................................... 4 1. The Current State of Competition: 2005 ................................................................................... 4 2. General Findings ....................................................................................................................... 6 3. Specific Findings....................................................................................................................... 8 II. COMPETITORS IN THE MARKET FOR THE DELIVERY OF VIDEO PROGRAMMING ......... 27 A. Cable Television Service ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Max Sound V. Google
    LAW OFFIClS 0~ _,.._.. \'XIALKUP, MELODIA, KELLY & SCHOEN I"ScRGEt<. 2 A PIKlll SSIONAL CORPORA l ION ..... G!JO CALIFORNIA STRE ET, 2611 1~L OO R -' SA N FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94108-2615 (41 5) 901 7210 4 MICHAEL A. KELLY (State Bar #71460) 5 [email protected] MATTHEW D. DAVIS (State Bar #141986) 6 [email protected] KHALDOUN A. BAGHDADI (State Bar #1901 11 ) 7 kbaghdad i@wal kuplawofficc .com 8 JAY W. EISEN HOFER (pro hac vice to be submitted) GEOFFREY C. JARVIS (pro hac vice to be submitted) 9 ADAM J. LEVJTT ,(pro hac vic~ to be submitted) CATHERINE 0 SUILLEABHAfN (pro hac vice to be submitted) 10 GRANT & EISENHOFER P.A. 30 North LaSall e Street, Suite 1200 ll Chicago, Illinois 60602 Tel: (312) 214-0000 12 CHRJSTOPHER M. JOE (pro hac vice to be submitted) 13 ERJC W. BlJETHER (pro hac vice to be submitted) BRIAN A. CARPENTER (State Bar #262349) 14 MARK A. PERANTI E (pro hac vice to be submitted) BUETHER JOE & CARPENTER, LLC 1.5 1700 Pacific, Suite 4750 Dallas, Texas 75201 16 Tel: (214) 466-1272 ATTORNEYS FOR PLAINTIFFS 17 18 TN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA 19 COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA 20 21 MAX SOUND CORPORATION, VSL CaseNo. 114CVI89231 COMMUNICATIONS LTD .. and VEDANTI 22 SYSTEMS LIMITED, UNLIMITED .JURISDICTION 23 Plainti ITs , COMPLAINT FOR DAMAGES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF: 24 V. 1. MISAPPROPRIATION OF TRADE SECRETS 25 GOOGLE, INC. , YOUTUBE, LLC , ON2 2. BREACH OF CONTRACT TECHNOLOGIES, IN C., and DOES 1-100, 3. UNFAIR COMPETITION ~ 26 4.
    [Show full text]
  • NY Amended Class Action Complaint (2009)
    SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF QUEENS : COMMERCIAL DIVISION x MICHAEL JIANNARAS, on Behalf of : Index No. 21262/09 Himself and All Others Similarly Situated, : : Plaintiff, : The Honorable Marguerite A. Grays, J.S.C. : vs. : : MIKE ALFANT, MIKE KOPETSKI, J. AMENDED CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT : ALLEN KOSOWSKY, JAMES MEYER, : AFSANEH NAIMOLLAH, THOMAS : WEIGMAN, ON2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC. : and GOOGLE INC., : : Defendants. : x Plaintiff, by his attorneys, alleges upon information and belief, except for those allegations that pertain to him, which are alleged upon personal knowledge, as follows: NATURE OF THE ACTION 1. Plaintiff brings this shareholder class action on behalf of himself and all other public shareholders of On2 Technologies, Inc. (“On2” or the “Company”), against On2 and its Board of Directors (the “Board” or “Individual Defendants”), arising out of the proposed sale of On2 to defendant Google Inc. (“Google”) in a transaction valued at approximately $106.5 million pursuant to which each share of On2 common stock will be exchanged for 60 cents worth of Google Class A common stock (the “Proposed Transaction”). 2. In connection with the Proposed Transaction, however, the Board failed to discharge its fiduciary duties to the shareholders by, inter alia : (i) failing to ensure that they will receive maximum value for their shares; (ii) failing to conduct an appropriate sale process; (iii) implementing preclusive deal protections that will inhibit an alternate transaction; (iv) favoring the interests of certain “insider” shareholders over the interests of the Company’s unaffiliated public shareholders; (v) falsely portraying the Proposed Transaction as one in which the On2 shareholders will receive Google stock in exchange for their shares; and (vi) favoring its own interests in connection with the Proposed Transaction by attempting to extinguish shareholder derivative standing to evade liability for admitted accounting improprieties that resulted in the generation of false financial statements.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Video Compression Standards
    International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 6, December 2013 Comparison of Video Compression Standards S. Ponlatha and R. S. Sabeenian display digital pictures. Each pixel is thus represented by Abstract—In order to ensure compatibility among video one R, G, and B components. The 2D array of pixels that codecs from different manufacturers and applications and to constitutes a picture is actually three 2D arrays with one simplify the development of new applications, intensive efforts array for each of the RGB components. A resolution of 8 have been undertaken in recent years to define digital video bits per component is usually sufficient for typical consumer standards Over the past decades, digital video compression applications. technologies have become an integral part of the way we create, communicate and consume visual information. Digital A. The Need for Compression video communication can be found today in many application sceneries such as broadcast services over satellite and Fortunately, digital video has significant redundancies terrestrial channels, digital video storage, wires and wireless and eliminating or reducing those redundancies results in conversational services and etc. The data quantity is very large compression. Video compression can be lossy or loss less. for the digital video and the memory of the storage devices and Loss less video compression reproduces identical video the bandwidth of the transmission channel are not infinite, so after de-compression. We primarily consider lossy it is not practical for us to store the full digital video without compression that yields perceptually equivalent, but not processing. For instance, we have a 720 x 480 pixels per frame,30 frames per second, total 90 minutes full color video, identical video compared to the uncompressed source.
    [Show full text]
  • Basics of High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and Its Comparison from H.264/AVC Video Codec Imran Ullah Khan [1] Mohd
    International Journal of Engineering and Techniques – Volume 1 Issue 2, Mar – Apr 2015 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Basics of High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and its Comparison from H.264/AVC Video Codec Imran Ullah Khan [1] Mohd. Javed Khan [2] ,S.Hasan Saeed [3] ,Nupur Mittal [4] [1], [2],[3],[4] Dept. Electronics & Comm. Eng.,Integral University, India Abstract: This paper deals with the overview of latest video coding standard High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Also this work presents a performance comparison of the two latest video coding standards H.264/MPEG-AVC and H.265/MPEG-HEVC. According to the experimental results, which were obtained for a whole test set of video sequences by using similar encoding configurations, H.265/MPEG-HEVC provides significant average bit-rate savings of around 40%. Keywords: - CABAC , CAVLC, H.264/AVC, HEVC PSNR and SBAC. I. INTRODUCTION compared to its predecessor like H.264/MPEG- AVC [3-5]. The H.264/AVC video coding standard explicitly defines all the syntax elements, such as In parallel with the open video coding motion vectors, block coefficients, picture numbers, standardization processes of ITU-T and ISO/IEC, a and the order they appear in the video bitstream. few companies individually developed their own There are several Advanced Features of video codecs, which often were based partly on H.264/AVC video Codec which distinguish it from their own secretly kept technologies and partly on the previous video compression standards such as variants of the state-of-the-art technologies used in H.261,MPEG-1,2 and H.263 etc.[1, 2].
    [Show full text]
  • Google Overview Created by Phil Wane
    Google Overview Created by Phil Wane PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Tue, 30 Nov 2010 15:03:55 UTC Contents Articles Google 1 Criticism of Google 20 AdWords 33 AdSense 39 List of Google products 44 Blogger (service) 60 Google Earth 64 YouTube 85 Web search engine 99 User:Moonglum/ITEC30011 105 References Article Sources and Contributors 106 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 112 Article Licenses License 114 Google 1 Google [1] [2] Type Public (NASDAQ: GOOG , FWB: GGQ1 ) Industry Internet, Computer software [3] [4] Founded Menlo Park, California (September 4, 1998) Founder(s) Sergey M. Brin Lawrence E. Page Headquarters 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, California, United States Area served Worldwide Key people Eric E. Schmidt (Chairman & CEO) Sergey M. Brin (Technology President) Lawrence E. Page (Products President) Products See list of Google products. [5] [6] Revenue US$23.651 billion (2009) [5] [6] Operating income US$8.312 billion (2009) [5] [6] Profit US$6.520 billion (2009) [5] [6] Total assets US$40.497 billion (2009) [6] Total equity US$36.004 billion (2009) [7] Employees 23,331 (2010) Subsidiaries YouTube, DoubleClick, On2 Technologies, GrandCentral, Picnik, Aardvark, AdMob [8] Website Google.com Google Inc. is a multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet-based services and products,[9] and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program.[5] [10] The company was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, often dubbed the "Google Guys",[11] [12] [13] while the two were attending Stanford University as Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Publishing Video Online with Open Source Codecs
    Perttu Hotakainen Publishing Video Online with Open Source Codecs Metropolia University of Applied Sciences Bachelor of Engineering Media Engineering Thesis 13 May 2014 Tiivistelmä Author Perttu Hotakainen Title Publishing video online with open source codecs Number of Pages 30 pages Date 27 April 2015 Degree Bachelor of Engineering Degree Programme Media Engineering Instructor Jonna Eriksson, Senior Lecturer The subject of the thesis is open source technology and its utilisation in video publishing online. The objective of the thesis was to analyse whether or not open source codecs could produce a video good enough to compare with commercial codecs, when it comes to quali- ty and file size. Moreover, the thesis describes a trailer that was made for a game for a Finnish indie game developer. First the thesis goes trough some terms and techniques that belong to the field of study, the history of open source code and software, and their growth among information technology. Secondly, thesis describes how the pre-production of the trailer was carried out with open source software VirtualDub, and how the actual editing, compressing and exporting with Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2014, from Adobe Systems were done. The open source codec VP8 from Google and On2 Technologies was found to be on the same level with the commercial H.264 codec in both quality and file size. In conclusion the thesis recommends and encourages the use of open source software for the sake of inno- vation, software environment, and supporting free video compression services. Keywords Open source, codec, vp8, vp9, video production, video com- pression, video encoding, Perttu Hotakainen Tekijä Videon julkaiseminen verkossa avoimen lähdekoodin koode- Otsikko keilla Sivumäärä 30 sivua Aika 7.4.2015 Tutkinto Bachelor of Engineering Koulutusohjelma Media Engineering Ohjaaja Lehtori Jonna Eriksson Insinöörityön tarkoituksena oli avoimen lähdekoodin videonpakkaustekniikan hyödyntämi- nen internetvideon pakkaamisessa.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamic Adaptive Streaming Over HTTP
    Date of acceptance Grade Instructor Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP Dajie Wang Helsinki November 7, 2016 UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Department of Computer Science HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO HELSINGFORS UNIVERSITET UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Tiedekunta Fakultet Faculty Laitos Institution Department Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science Tekijä Författare Author Dajie Wang Työn nimi Arbetets titel Title Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP Oppiaine Läroämne Subject Computer Science Työn laji Arbetets art Level Aika Datum Month and year Sivumäärä Sidoantal Number of pages November 7, 2016 49 pages + 2 appendices Tiivistelmä Referat Abstract This thesis summarises the adaptive bitrate streaming technology called Dynamic Adaptive Stream- ing over HTTP, also named as MPEG-DASH, as it is developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group. The thesis introduces and summarises MPEG-DASH standard, including the content of the stan- dard, Proles from MPEG and DASH Industry Forum, and an evaluation of the standard. The thesis then analyses the MPEG-DASH system and provides related research papers. It is organized into three dierent parts based on the workow of the whole system, including the hosted Media Presentation Description le and video Segments in server, network infrastructures and DASH clients. In the end, the thesis discusses about the adoptions of the MPEG-DASH system in dierent indus- tries, including Broadband, Broadcast, Mobile and 3D. ACM Computing Classication System (CCS): Avainsanat Nyckelord Keywords dash, streaming, mpeg Säilytyspaikka Förvaringsställe Where deposited Muita tietoja övriga uppgifter Additional information ii Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 MPEG-DASH Standard 3 2.1 The ISO/IEC 23009-1 Standard . 3 2.1.1 Format of MPD le .
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of Video Playback on Mobile Devices
    MOBILE VIDEO PLAYBACK ON THE AT&T WEBSITE This document provides an overview of the factors affecting video playback in the AT&T website on mobile devices. Statistics from 2011 provided by Ooyala, a video deployment company, show that web video consumers using mobile devices are more likely than desktop users to watch web video and more likely to finish an entire video. Other mobile video viewing trends are: - Tablet users spend 30% more time watching video per internet session than desktop computer users. - Tablet users were twice as likely to complete a video compared to desktop users. - Tablet users were 2.5 times more likely to watch 75% of a web video compared to desktop users. - Mobile device users were more likely to complete a video compared to desktop users, internet equipped television users, and gaming console users. - Smartphone users were twice as likely to watch at least 75% of a web video compared to desktop users. - The growing popularity of tablets and smartphones means that web video will be consumed in greater quantity as time goes on. - Mobile devices are likely to supplant desktops for the majority of computing needs for the general population. - Due to the screen size, video can be more accessible to mobile phone users than text. Given these trends and the fact that AT&T sells mobile devices, we can safely conclude that video on AT&T's website must reliably play on mobile devices as well as computers. Unfortunately, even though computers, tablets and phones are all electronic devices capable of computing and communicating with other electronic devices via wired or wireless networks, they have differing characteristics that affect video playback.
    [Show full text]
  • Cisco Remote Expert Mobile Developer's Guide Release 10.6(1)
    Cisco Remote Expert Mobile Developer’s Guide - 10.6(1) First Published: June 26, 2015 Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com 1 Cisco Remote Expert Mobile Developer’s Guide - 10.6(1) THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY. The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981, Regents of the University of California. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE. IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
    [Show full text]
  • The Internet Needs a Competitive, Royalty-Free Video Codec James Bankoski, Matthew Frost and Adrian Grange
    SIP (2017),vol.6,e13,page1of7©TheAuthors,2017. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. doi:10.1017/ATSIP.2017.14 industrial technology advances The internet needs a competitive, royalty-free video codec james bankoski, matthew frost and adrian grange In this paper, we present the argument in favor of an open source, a royalty-free video codec that will keep pace with the evolution of video traffic. Additionally, we argue that the availability of a state-of-the-art, royalty-free codec levels the playing field, allowing small content owners, and application developerso t compete with the larger companies that operate in this space. Keywords: Royalty free, MPEG, Alliance for Open Media, Video compression Received 15 August 2017; Revised 2 November 2017; Accepted 2 November 2017 I. INTRODUCTION II. BACKGROUND Given the central role that the internet plays in modern life, Thefirstdigitalvideocodecstandards,H.120(1984)and internet bandwidth should be considered a scarce resource, H.261(1988),weredevelopedattheInternationalTelecom- demanding careful consideration as to how we consume it munication Union (ITU) and primarily intended for video- to maximize its utility. phone and video-conferencing use-cases. Both standards Global internet traffic is predicted to increase nearly were royalty-free. It was not until the 1995 development of threefold between 2016 and 2021, and the proportion of MPEG-2/H.262 that standards defined video codecs were video traffic is expected to rise from 73 to 82 over the monetized when the US Department of Justice approved same period [1], driven in part by the move of content from MPEG-LA [2], a company unaffiliated with either MPEG broadcast to online delivery channels and to the rapid evo- orISO,toformapatentpoolwiththeaimofcollecting lution of virtual reality applications.
    [Show full text]
  • NEWS RELEASE Telestream Joins Major Industry Leaders to Offer
    NEWS RELEASE For immediate release Telestream Joins Major Industry Leaders to Offer Video Transcoding Support for WebM Telestream announces free support for WebM web media format along with Google and other industry leaders; FlipFactory, Episode and Vantage video transcoding and workflow products to include WebM/VP8 Nevada City, Calif., May 19, 2009 – Telestream, a leading provider of digital media tools and workflow solutions, today announced broad support for the WebM project along with Google and other industry leaders. The new WebM open web media format, based on the VP8 open source video codec, will be available at no additional charge in all Telestream video encoding, transcoding and workflow products, including FlipFactory, Episode and recently announced Vantage. “A key factor in the web’s success is that its core technologies are open and freely implementable. Video is fundamental to the web experience, and developers and content publishers need an open video format option,” said Mike Jazayeri, Group Product Manager at Google. “We are excited Telestream is joining a broad coalition of industry leaders supporting the WebM project to bring a new era of open innovation in web video.” WebM is a flexible format that provides high-quality video across resolutions and bitrates to support a variety of viewing devices. Computational efficiency enables smooth video playback on low-power devices such as netbooks and mobile phones. WebM is optimized for the web and network video delivery, providing fast video starting and seeking within videos. VP8 is based on 10+ years of innovation in video compression by On2 Technologies. Its predecessors have been installed over two billion times, making it proven technology.
    [Show full text]