DOCSLIB.ORG

Opistobranquios Ibéricos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Opistobranquios Ibéricos Oecologia aquatica, 3: 153-166, 1978 La alimentación y el sustrato en los opistobranquios ibéricos JOANDOMÉNEC ROS Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Biología. Universidad de Barcelona INTRODUCCIÓN y de los invertebrados marinos en general (Thompson, 1976b). Entre estos factores apa¬ Los Opistobranquios (Moluscos: Gasteró¬ recen como principales los relacionados con podos) suelen vivir en ambientes bentónicos la alimentación (las características de la determinados, principalmente, por la presen¬ presa y, en especial, su distribución geogrᬠcia de las especies que les sirven de ali¬ fica; la estenofagia o eurifagia del opisto- mento. En publicaciones previas (Ros, 1974, branquio, etc.; Bouchet & Tardy, 1976a, 1975, 1976b, 1977) he comentado de mane¬ 1976b; Franz, 1976) y con el desarrollo ra más o menos amplia la relación directa (época de puesta y tipo de desarrollo em¬ que existe entre la mayoría de especies de brionario del opistobranquio, que pondrán opistobranquios y su alimento y, por tanto, a las larvas pelágicas a merced de corrien¬ su sustrato y biótopo habituales. Se com¬ tes que faciliten la dispersión de la especie prende, pues, que las formas eurífagas sean o bien limitarán la misma en aquellas for¬ potencialmente capaces de distribuirse sobre mas con desarrollo bentónico directo o en una zona más amplia que las estenófagas, las épocas desfavorables; Bouchet & Tardy, aunque en último término tal capacidad de¬ 1976a, 1976b; Brown, 1976; Clark, 1976; pende de la abundancia o dispersión de la Franz, 1976, etc.). especie alimento (caso de las especies este¬ Se prestará atención en este artículo a nófagas pelágicas, que son prácticamente los factores alimentarios y de sustrato de cosmopolitas: Glciucus atlcmticus, Fiona pin- las especies de opistobranquios de nuestras nata. etc.). costas; en otro trabajo se abordarán los Sea como sea. las distintas biocenosis ben- aspectos del desarrollo que se hallan re¬ tónicas están caracterizadas por una fauna lacionados con la delimitación de tipos de opistobranquios relativamente constante, biológicos en estos interesantes gasterópo¬ y algunas especies no se hallan nunca fuera dos, mientras que algunos aspectos zoo- de su biótopo, hasta el punto de que pue¬ geográficos se comentan asimismo en otra den ser consideradas indicadoras, mientras publicación sobre la distribución espacial y que otras son ubicuas y se encuentran limi¬ temporal de los opistobranquios de nuestras tadas únicamente por factores biogeográficos aguas (Ros, 1978a). y ecológicos generales. Cuáles sean estos factores históricos y am¬ ALIMENTACIÓN bientales que definen la distribución de cada especie particular sólo recientemente empie¬ za a saberse, y son todavía pocas y fragmen¬ De los datos de alimentación de que se tarias las respuestas que pueden darse a las dispone en la actualidad para las especies diez preguntas básicas que un zoogeógrafo de opistobranquios presentes en aguas ibé¬ debe plantearse a propósito de la distribu¬ ricas, que el autor ha publicado en parte ción y de la ecología de los Opistobranquios en otros lugares (Ros, 1974, 1975, 1976b, 20 154 JOANDOMÉNEC ROS Tabla 1. — Alimento comprobado o que se sospecha (?) para distintas especies de opistobranquios ibéricos. 1: adultos; 2: juveniles; 3: desmenuzado, en acuario. ALGAS ESPONJAS Scaphander lignarius Placida dendritica Bryopsis cf. muscosa Elysia viridis Codium tomentosum Bryopsis cf. muscosa (?) Aplysia punctata Chondrus crispus1 Ulva lactuca1 Enteromorpha sp.2 Aplysia dactylomela Laurencia sp. Aplysia depilans Ulva lactuca Tylodina perversa Verongia aerophoba Lamellidoris neapolitana Serigea sublaevis Clathrina coriácea Limacia clavigera Cadlina laevis Dysidea fragilis (?) Glossodoris gracilis Ircinia fasciculata Ircinia sp. Glossodoris tricolor Cacospongia scalaris Ircinia fasciculata Petrosia ficiformis (?) Glossodoris fontandraui Cacospongia mollior Spongia virgultosa (?) Glossodoris krohni Hymeniacidon sanguínea (?) Archidoris tuberculata Halichondria panicea Peltodoris atromaculata Petrosia ficiformis Platydoris argo Dendrodoris limbata Suberites domuncula Fimbria fimbria Coryphella pedata Flabellina affinis Calmella cavolinii Facelina coronata Hervía costai Dondice banyulensis Trinchesia coerulea Spurilla neapolitana Berghia verrucicornis 1977), se infiere el conocimiento relativa¬ 1966; Carefoot, 1967a, 1967b; McBeth, mente limitado que se tiene de este factor 1968, 1971; Edmunds, 1975; Moreteau, tan importante en la ecología de estos gas¬ 1977, por ejemplo), y suelen ocuparse por lo terópodos. Las publicaciones que tratan es¬ general de pocas especies del grupo o se con¬ pecíficamente de la alimentación de los Opis¬ vierten en compendios misceláneos reiterati¬ tobranquios no son muy numerosas (Gra- vos (Salvini-Plawen, 1972). Además, no ham, 1938, 1955; Forrest, 1953; Braams siempre se trata en estas publicaciones de las & Geelen, 1952; Miller, 1961; Haefel- especies (depredadores o presas) comunes en finger, 1962; Thompson, 1964; Young, nuestras aguas; salvo raras excepciones, los AUMENTACIÓN Y SUSTRATO EN LOS OPISTOBRANQUIOS 155 Confirmed or suspected (?) jood of several species of iberian opisthobrcinchs. 1: adults; 2: young; 3: chopped, in aquarium. HIDROZOOS ANTOZOOS BRIOZOOS MOLUSCOS Dentalium sp. Turritella sp. Schizomavella sp. (?) Schizomavella linearis (?) Schizobrachiella sanguí¬ nea (?) Sertella cellulosa (?) Mytilus galloprovincia- Eudendriumcf.ramosum lis3 Eudendrium ramosum Eudendrium sp. Eudendrium sp. Eudendrium ramosum Eudendrium racemosum (?) Eudendrium ramosum Eudendrium racemosum Aglaophenia pluma (?) Sertularella sp. (?) Aiptasia mutabilis Anemonia sulcata (?) Aiptasia sp. (?) escasos conocimientos que se poseen para los trabajos como el de Niell (1977), quizá por opistobranquios ibéricos proceden de estu- ser el autor un especialista en las especies dios faunísticos amplios en los que se inclu¬ alimento (algas) y no en la especie de opis- yen datos dispersos de tipo trófico (Haefel- tobranquio estudiada (Aplysia punctata), lo finger, 1960; Swennen, 1961; Vicente, que le permite realizar un estudio muy com¬ 1967; Schmekel, 1968; Ros, 1975; Thomp¬ pleto. Morton (1960), Ovven (1964), Pur- son & Brown, 1976; Ortea, 1977, etc.), no chon (1968), Franc (1968) y Thompson siempre originales. (1976a), entre otros, dejan patente en sus En este contexto constituyen excepción obras misceláneas esta falta de información, 156 JOANDOMÉNEC ROS y, por otra parte, se encuentran en la lite¬ ausencia de cnidos en los cnidosacos y a ratura citada, con demasiada frecuencia, in¬ la autotomía de los cerata (eolidáceos) y dicaciones «dudosas o falsas que proceden del borde del manto (algunos doridáceos) de observaciones superficiales» (Haefelfin- (Ros, 1976b, 1977). En general, las especies ger, 1960) o que no se ajustan en absoluto estenófagas resisten mejor el ayuno que las a los tres requerimientos mínimos que pos¬ eurífagas, aunque hay variaciones notables tula Thompson (1964). dentro de los distintos grupos, y ello coin¬ A lo largo del estudio de los opistobran- cide con los dos tipos de estrategias de su¬ quios de las costas ibéricas unas pocas es¬ pervivencia que se comentarán más ade¬ pecies de opistobranquios han podido ser lante. observadas mientras comían, principalmente La observación ocasional de un ejemplar en su ambiente natural pero también en de una determinada especie de opistobran- acuario; en otras (Scaphander lignarius, Pel- quia comiendo un alimento dado no indica, tocloris atromaculata, Tylodina perversa) se salvo en el caso de formas estenófagas es¬ ha estudiado el contenido del tubo digesti¬ trictas, el espectro trófico completo de la vo o los restos fecales. La mayor parte de misma, que puede ser muy amplio (Ros, los datos así obtenidos confirman lo que ya 1974). Un examen detallado del contenido se sabía sobre el alimento de estas espe¬ del tubo digestivo y de las heces ayuda a cies, pero algunos son nuevos; la lista con¬ conocer mejor el régimen alimentario, pero feccionada con ellos se da en la tabla 1. sólo suelen identificarse aquellas especies Muchas especies presa, sin embargo, no es¬ alimento que dejan partes duras (moluscos, tán confirmadas, y se espera que ulteriores esponjas, etc.) o que se digieren parcialmen¬ observaciones puedan aportar nuevos datos te (algas, cnidarios, etc.); aún así, este exa¬ o corroborar los que se suponen. men no es completamente revelador, puesto Umbraculum mediterraneum, Pleurobran- que un determinado tipo de espículas o de chaea meckeli y Glossodoris valenciennesi cnidos, por ejemplo, puede encontrarse en la naturaleza en más de una comen en acuario sus propios excrementos especie de es¬ (y, quizá, sus secreciones mucosas) si no ponja o de cnidario, respectivamente. Ade¬ se les proporciona otro alimento; ninguna más, cualquier intento de un estudio cuan¬ titativo de la especie mantenida en ayuno ha comido sus ingesta puede verse abortado propias puestas, ni las de otras especies (ni por el hecho de sobreestimar aquellas par¬ siquiera Favorinus branchialis, típicamente tes identificables de la ingesta en detrimen¬ to de las oófago, cuando tenía asu disposión puestas que rápidamente son digeridas y de Glossodoris gracilis, G. tricolor, G. va¬ no dejan trazas. Se sugiere que otro siste¬ lenciennesi, Flabellina, affinis, Hervía costai ma de enfoque para el estudio de la dieta de los y Dondice banyulensis), ni a otros opisto¬ Opistobranquios podría basarse en la branquios (F. branchialis, P. meckeli y Fa- aplicación de métodos inmunológicos, co¬ mo los señalados
Load more

Recommended publications
  • High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project
    High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project AEA Technology, Environment Contract: W/35/00632/00/00 For: The Department of Trade and Industry New & Renewable Energy Programme Report issued 30 August 2002 (Version with minor corrections 16 September 2002) Keith Hiscock, Harvey Tyler-Walters and Hugh Jones Reference: Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H. & Jones, H. 2002. High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project. Report from the Marine Biological Association to The Department of Trade and Industry New & Renewable Energy Programme. (AEA Technology, Environment Contract: W/35/00632/00/00.) Correspondence: Dr. K. Hiscock, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB. [email protected] High level environmental screening study for offshore wind farm developments – marine habitats and species ii High level environmental screening study for offshore wind farm developments – marine habitats and species Title: High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project. Contract Report: W/35/00632/00/00. Client: Department of Trade and Industry (New & Renewable Energy Programme) Contract management: AEA Technology, Environment. Date of contract issue: 22/07/2002 Level of report issue: Final Confidentiality: Distribution at discretion of DTI before Consultation report published then no restriction. Distribution: Two copies and electronic file to DTI (Mr S. Payne, Offshore Renewables Planning). One copy to MBA library. Prepared by: Dr. K. Hiscock, Dr. H. Tyler-Walters & Hugh Jones Authorization: Project Director: Dr. Keith Hiscock Date: Signature: MBA Director: Prof. S. Hawkins Date: Signature: This report can be referred to as follows: Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844 in the Mediterranean Sea and The
    Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, 135/1994 (II): 401-412, Giugno 1996 Gian Bruno Grippa (*) & Cedric d'Udekem d'Acoz (**) The genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844 in the Mediterranean Sea and the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean: review of the species and description of Periclimenes sagittifer aegylios subsp. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Pontoniinae) Abstract - The shrimps of the genus Periclimenes in the Northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean present a complex and little known systematic . In the present paper, several problems are solved, a new subspecies is described and a new identification key is proposed. Furthermore the systematic value of live colour patterns in the taxa examined is briefly di- scussed. Riassunto - II genere Periclimenes Costa, 1844 nel mar Mediterraneo e nell'Atlantico Nordorientale: revisione delle specie e descrizione di Periclimenes sagittifer aegylios subsp. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Pontoniinae). II genere Periclimenes presenta una sistematica complessa e poco conosciuta. Ricerche effettuate dagli autori hanno messo in luce la confusione dovuta a descrizioni carenti dei tipi effettuate talvolta su esemplari singoli e incompleti. Viene percio proposta una chiave siste- matica e viene descritta una nuova subspecie. Inoltre si accenna al valore sistematico delle caratteristiche cromatiche nei taxa esaminati. Key words: Decapoda, Periclimenes, Mediterranean sea. Systematic. Introduction In a recent faunistical note on the decapod crustaceans of the Toscan archipelago (Grippa, 1991), the first named author recorded some shrimps of the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844. Using the well known monograph of Zariquiey Alvarez (1968), he identified shallow-water specimens found on the sea anemone Anemonia viridis (Forskal, 1775) as P. amethysteus (Risso, 1827) and some others, living deeper and associated with bryozoans as P.
    [Show full text]
  • I I I I I I I I I
    I I I I I I SEA SEARCH I Stackpole Quay 1993 to 1998 I I Full Report I I I I ÉER.O]I 1E C_E G~ad MARINE CONSERVATION C~rtgor Cefn CymmforyWales Countryside Council SOCIET Y www.projectaware.org I ! ! ~l l ] il MARINE CONSERVATION SOCIETY 9, Gloucester Road, Ross−on−Wye, Herefordshire, HR9 5BU Tel: 01989 566017 Fax: 01989 567815 www.mcsuk.org Registered Charity No: 1004005 Copyright text: Marine Conservation Society 2002 Reference: Marine Conservation Society (2002). Stackpole Quay Seasearch; 1993 to 1998. A report by Francis Bunker, MarineSeen, Estuary Cottage, Bentlass, Hundleton, Pembrokeshire, Wales, SA71 5RN. Further copies of this Full Report and the Summary Report for Stackpole Quay are available from the Marine Conservation Society. This report forms part of a project funded by PADI Project AWARE (UK) and the Countryside Council for Wales. PROTECT CoCuntgroysridefn Guwäd Alid!l~ II'~',all,,llZll~L I~−−−. for Wales Synopsis This Full Report and its accompanying Summary Report have been produced as part of a project undertaken by the Marine Conservation Society to provide feedback on the results of Seasearch dives carried out on the South Wales coast. This is a non−technical report, which compiles the findings of 33 Seasearch dives between West Moor Cliff and Broadhaven in south Pembrokeshire, Wales between 1993 and 1998. Location maps showing the dive sites are presented together with summary descriptions and detailed species lists for each site. Observations or features of interest encountered during the dives are noted. Diagrams showing the distribution of habitats and communities encountered during dives are given in several instances.
    [Show full text]
  • LETTRES RÉCIFALES 89, Novembre /Décembre 2012
    Les Lettres Récifales 2012, n° 89 SOMMAIRE Edition NOVEMBRE / DECEMBRE 2012 - Numéro 89 Copyright © 2010 Récif France. All rights reserved. Délégués Régionaux : 4 — 5 Mise au point & Réabonnement ALSACE - Francis SCHULTZ 89 rue Principale - 67870 BISCHHOFFSHEIM LR Courriel : [email protected] CENTRE- AUVERGNE - Georges DUMAS 38, rue Nicéphore Niepce - 42100 SAINT-ETIENNE 7 Le Napoléon un poisson at- Tél : 04 77 80 37 12 tachant par PASCAL AUBERT CHAMPAGNE - ARDENNES - James SOURIOUX 27 route Nationale - 08140 DOUZY Tél : 03 24 26 48 78 ILE DE FRANCE - Christian COSVAS 12 Aiptasia , dinoflagellés 12, rue du 22 septembre - 92400 COURBEVOIE (ou dinophytes) et cyanobacté- LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON - Franck SENEGAS ries – une symbiose à trois La Rassegue - 11390 CUXAC CABARDES Courriel : [email protected] voies ? Par Tim Wijgerde, M.Sc. LORRAINE - Raphaël ANCÉ (CAN) 34, rue Ste Catherine - 54000 NANCY 18 Aperçu des Blennies à Tél : 06 89 86 06 82 MIDI-PYRÉNÉES - Guy CORMIER canines du genre Meiacanthus 15 Rue du Claux - 12850 ONET le CHÂTEAU Par Kenneth Wingerter Tél : 05 65 42 18 01 NORD - PAS-DE-CALAIS - Olivier BOUILLEZ 3, impasse de la Pisselotte - 59570 Houdin-lez-Bavay Tél : 03 27 62 33 45 L’aquarium public ,,Das 24 Damien HOUZET Haus des Meeres’’ amène le Cercle aquariophile Andrésien ressac à Vienne (Autriche) au 59 av M. Henaux - 59350 ST-ANDRE-LEZ-LILLE moyen d’un aquarium à ressac Tél : 03 20 40 95 46 BRETAGNE - PAYS DE LOIRE - Serge BLIVET par Dr. Daniel Abed Navandi 66 rue Hortense Tanvet - 44150 ANCENIS Tél : 02 40 96 08
    [Show full text]
  • Cytotoxic Activity of the Red Sea Anemone Entacmaea Quadricolor on Liver Cancer Cells
    American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 6-1-2018 Cytotoxic activity of the Red Sea anemone entacmaea quadricolor on liver cancer cells Noha Moataz El Salakawy Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation El Salakawy, N. (2018).Cytotoxic activity of the Red Sea anemone entacmaea quadricolor on liver cancer cells [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/427 MLA Citation El Salakawy, Noha Moataz. Cytotoxic activity of the Red Sea anemone entacmaea quadricolor on liver cancer cells. 2018. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/427 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. School of Sciences and Engineering Cytotoxic Activity of the Red Sea Anemone Entacmaea quadricolor on Liver Cancer Cells A Thesis Submitted to The Biotechnology Master's Program In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science By: Noha Moataz El Salakawy Under the supervision of: Dr. Arthur R. Bos Associate Professor, Department of Biology The American University in Cairo and Dr. Asma Amleh Associate Professor, Department of Biology The American University in Cairo February 2018 DEDICATION To Farida, the beautiful little angel who left our world, your courage was my true inspiration to continue. To every cancer patient who suffered and is suffering from pain.
    [Show full text]
  • Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Metridioidea)
    Zootaxa 3826 (1): 055–100 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3826.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FD0A7BBD-0C72-457A-815D-A573C0AF1523 Morphological revision of the genus Aiptasia and the family Aiptasiidae (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Metridioidea) ALEJANDRO GRAJALES1, 2 & ESTEFANÍA RODRÍGUEZ2 1Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024 USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024 USA. E-mail: [email protected] Table of contents Abstract . 55 Introduction . 56 Material and methods . 56 Results and discussion . 57 Order Actiniaria Hertwig, 1882. 57 Suborder Enthemonae Rodríguez & Daly, 2014 . 57 Superfamily Metridioidea Carlgren, 1893. 57 Family Aiptasiidae Carlgren, 1924 . 57 Genus Aiptasia Gosse, 1858 . 58 Aiptasia couchii (Cocks, 1851) . 59 Aiptasia mutabilis (Gravenhorst, 1831) . 64 Genus Exaiptasia gen. nov. Grajales & Rodríguez . 68 Exaiptasia pallida (Agassiz in Verrill, 1864) comb. nov. 69 Genus Aiptasiogeton Schmidt, 1972 . 74 Aiptasiogeton hyalinus (Delle Chiaje, 1822) . 75 Genus Bartholomea Duchassaing de Fombressin & Michelotti, 1864 . 80 Bartholomea annulata (Le Sueur, 1817) . 80 Genus Bellactis Dube 1983 . 85 Bellactis ilkalyseae Dube, 1983 . 85 Genus Laviactis gen. nov. Grajales & Rodríguez . 89 Laviactis lucida (Duchassaing de Fombressin & Michelotti, 1860) comb. nov. 90 Key to species of the family Aiptasiidae . 94 Acknowledgements . 94 Reference . 94 Abstract Sea anemones of the genus Aiptasia Gosse, 1858 are conspicuous members of shallow-water environments worldwide and serve as a model system for studies of cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis.
    [Show full text]
  • FOIA3848-Redacted-Response2.Pdf
    2013 LIVESTOCK RECORDS CONSERVATION STATUS Least KEY: B = Births, A = Arrivals, M = Mortalities, M30 = Mortalities within 30 days & T = Transfer Extinct Threatened Concern Scarborough J = Juvenile, m = Male, f = Female & u = Unidentified EX EW CR EN VU NT LC DD = Data Deficient / No data MORTALITIES Correction Initial JANUARY FEBRUARYMARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER YEAR TOTALS THEORY ACTUAL THEORY / ACTUAL % MORTS % MORTS TOTAL % JAN / DEC Cost Stock Value Species Stock BAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TB AMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TBAMM30 TT AB A MM30 TM TSTOCK STOCK DIFFERENCE (>30 Days) (<30 Days) MORTS CHANGE Diversity Native / Coldwater Cartilaginous Fish Totals 470010000100000000050000000001000 0 4000020000000000000000000200 0 3 0 3 160 160 34 38 4 32% 0% 32% -9 N/A £0.00 4 Tropical Cartilaginous Fish Totals 180000000000020000000000000000000 0 0000400000000000000000000000 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 24 25 1 0% 0% 0% 7 N/A £0.00 8 Native / Coldwater Marine Teleosts Totals 21300800002000080000##0000##0000##000164000####40005000070000300001000 0 0 361044 1080 141 105 -36 42% 2% 43%-108 N/A 0 14 Tropical Marine Teleosts Totals 40200##0000100044000000005200080000 0 3000##30000000012000010000007 0 0 0 28470 477 376 371 -5 11% 0% 11% -31 N/A #REF! #REF! Native / Coldwater Freshwater Teleosts Totals 0 0000000000000000000000000000000 0 0000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0%0%0%0N/A0 0 Tropical Freshwater Teleosts Totals 8 0000000000000000000000000000000 0 0000000000000000000000000000
    [Show full text]
  • Optimal Fishing Effort Benefits Fisheries and Conservation
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Optimal fshing efort benefts fsheries and conservation Adam Rees*, Emma V. Sheehan & Martin J. Attrill The ecosystem efects of all commercial fshing methods need to be fully understood in order to manage our marine environments more efectively. The impacts associated with the most damaging mobile fshing methods are well documented leading to such methods being removed from some partially protected areas. In contrast, the impacts on the ecosystem from static fshing methods, such as pot fshing, are less well understood. Despite commercial pot fshing increasing within the UK, there are very few long term studies (> 1 year) that consider the efects of commercial pot fshing on temperate marine ecosystems. Here we present the results from a controlled feld experiment where areas of temperate reef were exposed to a pot fshing density gradient over 4 years within a Marine Protected Area (MPA), simulating scenarios both above and below current levels of pot fshing efort. After 4 years we demonstrate for the frst time negative efects associated with high levels of pot fshing efort both on reef building epibiota and commercially targeted species, contrary to existing evidence. Based on this new evidence we quantify a threshold for sustainable pot fshing demonstrating a signifcant step towards developing well-managed pot fsheries within partially protected temperate MPAs. Commercial bottom-towed fshing methods (such as trawling and dredging) are regarded as the most damaging to seabed habitats, with extensive direct and indirect efects on sensitive epifauna, such as temperate reefs1–3. Tis has led to bottom-towed fshing ofen being excluded from within some Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), includ- ing of England’s coast, to protect discrete patches of seabed from damage or disturbance 4,5.
    [Show full text]
  • Islas Canarias
    Islas Canarias PROPUESTA DE ÁREAS MARINAS DE IMPORTANCIA ECOLÓGICA Plaza de España - Leganitos, 47 1350 Connecticut Ave., NW, 5th Floor Av. Condell 520, 28013 Madrid (España) Washington D.C., 20036 (USA) Providencia, Santiago (Chile) Tel.: + 34 911 440 880 Tel.: + 1 (202) 833 3900 CP 7500875 Islas Canarias Fax: + 34 911 440 890 Fax: + 1 (202) 833 2070 Tel.: + 56 2 925 5600 [email protected] [email protected] Fax: + 56 2 925 5610 www.oceana.org [email protected] 175 South Franklin Street - Suite 418 Rue Montoyer, 39 Juneau, Alaska 99801 (USA) 1000 Bruselas (Bélgica) Tel.: + 1 (907) 586 40 50 Tel.: + 32 (0) 2 513 22 42 Fax: + 1(907) 586 49 44 Fax: + 32 (0) 2 513 22 46 [email protected] [email protected] PROPUESTA DE ÁREAS MARINAS IMPORTANCIA ECOLÓGICA PROPUESTA DE ÁREAS MARINAS DE IMPORTANCIA ECOLÓGICA Islas Canarias índice 1 INTRODUCCIÓN ___________________________________________________________________ 004 Características oceánicas Características geológicas Áreas Marinas Protegidas 2 METODOLOGÍA ____________________________________________________________________ 020 3 RESULTADOS POR ZONAS _________________________________________________________ 026 Lanzarote ________________________________________________________________________ 028 Cagafrecho La Isleta Isla de La Graciosa e Islotes del Norte de Lanzarote Cuevas submarinas Estrecho de la Bocayna Fuerteventura ____________________________________________________________________ 050 Isla de Lobos Jandía Oeste de la isla: Pájara y Betancuria Banco de Amanay y Banquete Gran
    [Show full text]
  • (Marlin) Review of Biodiversity for Marine Spatial Planning Within
    The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Review of Biodiversity for Marine Spatial Planning within the Firth of Clyde Report to: The SSMEI Clyde Pilot from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Contract no. R70073PUR Olivia Langmead Emma Jackson Dan Lear Jayne Evans Becky Seeley Rob Ellis Nova Mieszkowska Harvey Tyler-Walters FINAL REPORT October 2008 Reference: Langmead, O., Jackson, E., Lear, D., Evans, J., Seeley, B. Ellis, R., Mieszkowska, N. and Tyler-Walters, H. (2008). The Review of Biodiversity for Marine Spatial Planning within the Firth of Clyde. Report to the SSMEI Clyde Pilot from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [Contract number R70073PUR] 1 Firth of Clyde Biodiversity Review 2 Firth of Clyde Biodiversity Review Contents Executive summary................................................................................11 1. Introduction...................................................................................15 1.1 Marine Spatial Planning................................................................15 1.1.1 Ecosystem Approach..............................................................15 1.1.2 Recording the Current Situation ................................................16 1.1.3 National and International obligations and policy drivers..................16 1.2 Scottish Sustainable Marine Environment Initiative...............................17 1.2.1 SSMEI Clyde Pilot ..................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • Aiptasia Mutabilis (Gravenhorst, 1831)
    Aiptasia mutabilis (Gravenhorst, 1831) AphiaID: 100859 TRUMPET ANEMONE © Vasco Ferreira © Vasco Ferreira © Vasco Ferreira Características identificativas Lightly adherent base, usually small and rarely much wider than column. The junction between basal disc and column (the limbus) is not sharply defined. Numerous minute, adhesive spots (or rugae) present on lower half of column by which anemone may attach in preference to base. Tiny perforations (cinclides) fairly prominent when column well extended. Thread-like acontia emitted reluctantly but often visible through translucent column wall. 1 Sinónimos Actinea biserialis Actinia biserialis Forbes, 1840 Actinia mutabilis Gravenhorst, 1831 Aiptasia amacha Gosse, 1858 Aiptasia carnea Andrès, 1881 Aiptasia mutabilis var. bicolor Andr. Aiptasia mutabilis var. maculata Andr. Aiptasia turgida Andres, 1881 Aiptasiomorpha mutabilis (Gravenhorst, 1931) Anthea couchii Cocks Cribrina punctata Schmarda, 1852 Dysactis biserialis Sagartia penoti Jourdan, 1880 Referências Wilson, E. 2008. Aiptasia mutabilis Trumpet anemone. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Available from: http://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/detail/1216 additional source Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. [details] additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World., available online at http://hercules.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/Anemone2/ [details] basis of record van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001).
    [Show full text]
  • The Genetic and Physiological Characteristics of the Symbiodinium Spp. in the Endemic Anemone Anthopleura Aureoradiata
    The Genetic and Physiological Characteristics of the Symbiodinium spp. in the endemic anemone Anthopleura aureoradiata Jennifer N Howe A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Marine Biology 2013 Anthopleura aureoradiata ii Abstract Photosynthetic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium form symbiotic relationships with many marine hosts, including cnidarian corals and sea anemones. This partnership is extremely successful in tropical waters leading to a great diversity of coral species and Symbiodinium types. Environmental condition in the tropics are stable, changes to which can lead to destabilization of the symbiotic interactions between the host and symbiont, which in turn can lead to total breakdown of the partnership and expulsion of the symbiont. Temperate symbiotic cnidarian species, especially sea anemones, are less common but locally abundant. Environmental conditions are highly variable with extreme differences in light and temperature. Adaptation to these conditions has led to the success of resilient partnerships, but also to less diversity of Symbiodinium types. This study looked at the relationship between the endemic New Zealand anemone, Anthopleura aureoradiata, and its symbiotic relationship with the Symbiodinium cells it harbours. The aim was to determine why and how this symbiotic relationship is so resilient to the temperate conditions by 1) determining the molecular identity of the Symbiodinium spp. within the anemone,
    [Show full text]