IMBC2016 ABSTRACTS (ALPHABETICAL BY PRESENTING AUTHOR LAST NAME) The abstracts for IMBC2016 are list alphabetically by the presenting author’s last name. The presenting author’s name has been bolded in each of the abstracts. EXTRACELLULAR TANDEM-REPEAT GALECTIN (DRGAL9-L1) FROM ZEBRAFISH PROMOTES ADHESION AND INFECTION OF THE INFECTIOUS HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS TO THE EPITHELIAL CELL SURFACE Justin Mancini, Kelsey Abernathy, Nuria González-Montalbán, Cheyenne Palm*, Graeme Frost**, Chiguang Feng, and Gerardo R. Vasta Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, Maryland, USA; *Howard County Biotechnology Academy, Maryland; **St. Mary’s College of Maryland Galectins are -galactoside-binding lectins characterized by a unique sequence motif in the carbohydrate-binding domain (CRD), structural and evolutionary conservation, and wide taxonomic distribution. Based on their CRD organization they have been classified in three types: proto, chimera, and tandem-repeat. They are expressed in the cytosol and secreted to the extracellular space where they bind soluble, membrane- and matrix-associated glycoconjugates. Although since their discovery they have been implicated in early developmental processes and immune regulation by binding to endogenous glycans, recent studies have shown that they can function as pattern recognition receptors (PRR) in innate immunity. Our previous studies showed that the recombinant tandem-repeat galectin DrGal9-L1 cloned from the zebrafish (Danio rerio) interacts directly with the infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) glycoprotein through protein-carbohydrate recognition, and promotes adhesion of the virions to the fish epithelial cell surface. Further, we observed that DrGal9-L1 is secreted by epithelial cells to the extracellular space, and is present in the fish skin mucus. Based on our observations we hypothesize that DrGal9-L1 modulates IHNV infectivity in susceptible teleosts by binding to glycan residues at the interface of the virus and host cell membranes, where they may facilitate the infectious process. Our results from a modified plaque assay carried out on the fathead minnow EPC cell line revealed significantly increased IHNV plaque formation in the presence of recombinant DrGal9-L1. This effect was carbohydrate-dependent and specific. The results of a modified hemagglutination assay confirmed that DrGal9-L1 is able to enhance IHNV infection by bridging the virion envelope and cell surface in a carbohydrate-specific interaction. Our ongoing studies on the zebrafish, a genetically tractable model organism, aim at producing DrGal9-L1-deficient fish lines by CRISPR/Cas9 to examine in detail the roles of this protein in viral infection in a whole animal model [Supported by grant R01GM070589-06 from the NIH] 2 IMPROVING FOOD SECURITY IN AN ECO-FRIENDLY MANNER THROUGH INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE Onada Olawale Ahmed [email protected] As global population increases, demand for food, most especially protein will increase. The increasing production from Agriculture, including forestry and fisheries has however contributed significantly to global food security but most often at the expense of environmental deterioration. Integrated aquaculture (IA) can guarantee and sustain adequate food security in environmentally friendly manner. Integrated fish farming is a diverse and coordinated way of farming with fish as the main target along with other farm produce. The aim of integrated fish farming is to create a mutually beneficial system that will lead to maximal productivity through optimal use of resources. The major features of this system include: (a) multiple production that leads to increased productivity from the combination of different farming systems, (b) the recycling of waste or by-product in which the waste of one system becomes the input of other system thereby reducing the amount of waste generated and input resources and (c) the efficient utilization of farm space for multiple production. This provides a steady source of income all year round to the farmer coming from various farm products. In any integrated system, there are many interrelationships; crop byproducts are fed to animals, while fish and animal manures are returned to the crops and fish in the ponds. The fish may feed on insects and weed in the rice field planted inside the pond and this in turn can increase the available nutrients to the crop. IA has ample capacity for making more food available thus enhancing food security. Aside from production enhancement, integrated fish farming also provides a platform for managing environmental integrity through waste recycling and utilization. It is important therefore to encourage farmers and other food production sectors to engage in a production system that will ensure food security in a more eco-friendly manner. 3 PHLOROTANNINS FROM ECKLONIA CAVA INHIBIT ANTI-ALLERGIC EFFECTS Chang-Bum Ahn1,2, Ginnae Ahn2,3, Eun A Kim4, Young-hoon Lim5, Hak-ju Kim5, Ji-Tae Jang6, Youngheun Jee7, You-Jin Jeon4 1Division of Food and Nutrition, 2Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, 3Department of Marine Bio-Food, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea 4Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea 5Seojin Biotech. Co., Ltd., Yongin-si, Republic of Korea 6Aquagreen technology Co., Ltd., Jeju, Republic of Korea 7College of Veterinary Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Institute, Jeju National University, Korea E-mail address: [email protected] The number of patients suffering from type I allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, food allergies and mast cell-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction, has increased dramatically in the most advanced countries over the past decade. Ecklonia cava, a brown seaweed contains phlorotannins known as polyphenolic compounds such as dieckol, eckol, and phloroglucinol and its inhibitory effect on Fc RI expression on basophils and OVA-induced allergic reactions. However, the phlorotannins’ effects on mast cell activation are still unclear. Here, we compared the effects of dieckol, eckol and phloroglucinol on the IgE-mediated activation of murine bone marrow-derived cultured-mast cells (BMCMCs). We revealed that three phlorotannins markedly inhibited IgE-activated -hexosaminidase and histamine release from BMCMCs without cytotoxicity. Moreover, pretreatment of mast cells with three phlorotannins significantly prevented binding of IgE to Fc RI. Especially, among them, dieckol showed the highest inhibitory effects on the releases of hexosaminidase and histamine as well as the binding of IgE to Fc RI. In further study, dieckol decreased IgE-activated mRNA expression and secretion of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13 in BMCMCs. Our results suggest that treatment with dieckol suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation by interfering with the biological function of IgE. Taken together, these results suggest that dieckol may be the natural agent with beneficial potentials for the treatment of type I allergic diseases. This work (Grants No. D11507215H480000110) was supported by Korea Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promotion (KIMST) in 2015 and 2016. 4 DIECKOL ISOLATED FROM ECKLONIA CAVA INHIBITS INFLAMMATION RESPONSE IN IN VIVO MODELS Ginnae Ahn1,2*, Eun A Kim3, WonWoo Lee3, Soo Yeon Park2,4, Ju Hyung Um1, Eui Jeong Han1, Chang-Bum Ahn2,3, You-Jin Jeon3 1Department of Marine Bio-Food, 2Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea 3Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 64243, Republic of Korea 4Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Korea E-mail address: [email protected] Ecklonia cava (E. cava), one of brown seaweed species (Laminariaceae), is widely distributed along the southern coasts of South Korea and Japan (1). E. cava is mainly composed of polysaccharide and phlorotannin components such as dieckol and phloroglucinol. Recent studies have suggested that E. cava strongly inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation. However, dieckol’s effects on inflammatory responses in in vivo model systems are still unclear. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of dieckol in in vivo models and its biological mechanism. In TPA-caused mouse ear edema model, dieckol decreased the thickness and hyperplasia of mouse ear via down-regulating the infiltration of inflammatory cells secreting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). In further experiments, LPS treatment significantly increased the ROS and NO levels in zebrafish embryos without toxicity, whereas it was inhibited by the application of dieckol. Moreover, dieckol has a protective effect by decreasing the cell death and the yolk sac edema size increased by LPS exposure in zebrafish embryos. On the basis of these results, we suggest that dieckol’s anti-inflammatory effect might contribute to therapy of macrophage-related to inflammation diseases. 5 Beneficial effects of dieckol derived from Ecklonia cava on type I allergic reaction and its biological mechanism Ginnae Ahn1,2,*, Ju Hyung Um1, You-Jin Jeon3, Chang-Bum Ahn1,4 1Deparment of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea;2Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea 3Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National