How to Use HTML to Structure a Web Page

Chapter 3 How to use HTML to structure a web page

Applied 1. Code a properly structured HTML web page using any of the elements and attributes that are presented in this chapter. 2. Given the HTML for a web page, code a relative URL that refers to any file in the directory structure for the web site.

Knowledge 1. Describe the use of the DOCTYPE declaration, the title element in the head section, and metadata. 2. Distinguish between a block element and an inline element. 3. Describe the use of these block elements: div, h1, h2, h3, and p. 4. Describe the use of these inline elements: br, i, b, and span. 5. Describe the use of character entities like or ©. 6. Describe the use of these core attributes: id, class, and title. 7. Distinguish between absolute and relative URLs. 8. Describe the use of the a element. 9. Describe two types of lists that you can create with HTML. 10. Describe the use of the img element.

HTML, XHTML, and CSS, C3 © 2010, Mike Murach & Associates, Inc. Slide 6 What HTML version we use in this book  In this book, we use XHTML 1.0 because we think the stricter syntax helps you write better code.  We use the Transitional flavor because it allows some coding flexibility.  Even if you use HTML 4.01, we recommend you follow the syntax for XHTML 1.0. The only difference is that you must omit the backslash for a self-closing tag.

Internet Explorer note  To display a favicon in Internet Explorer, the page must be displayed from the web server, not from your local file system.

HTML, XHTML, and CSS, C3 © 2010, Mike Murach & Associates, Inc. Slide 8 How the text for the title element is used  It is displayed in the browser’s title bar.  It may be displayed in the tab for the web page and in the Windows taskbar.  It may be used as the name of a favorite or bookmark for the page.  It may be used as the name for the page in search engine results.

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall Programs

Pre-lecture coffee at the Saroyan

Join us for a complimentary coffee hour, 9:15 to 10:15 a.m. on the day of each lecture. The speakers usually attend this very special event.

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A limited number of tickets are available. Call (559) 555-1212 for reservations by the Friday preceding the event.

How to use JavaScript to display the year:

 var today = new Date(); document.writeln( today.getFullYear() );

Ernest Hemingway wrote:

"Cowardice, as distinguished from panic, is almost always simply a lack of ability to suspend the functioning of the imagination."

How to contact Mike Murach & Associates:

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If you don't get 78% on your final, you won't pass the class.

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HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language.

Please be sure to boldface Murach in the company logo.

You can use strong or em to emphasize text.

The chemical symbol for water is H₂O.

Your payment is due on the 4^th of each month.

"To sleep, perchance to dream-
ay, there's the rub."

HTML, XHTML, and CSS, C3 © 2010, Mike Murach & Associates, Inc. Slide 22 Common HTML character entities Entity Character & & < < > > © © ® ® ™ ™ ¢ ¢ ° º ± ± ‘ ‘ (opening single quote). ’ ’ (closing single quote or apostrophe). “ “ (opening double quote).

HTML, XHTML, and CSS, C3 © 2010, Mike Murach & Associates, Inc. Slide 23 Common HTML character entities (continued) Entity Character ” ” (closing double quote). A non-breaking space. It will always be displayed.

It’s time to start your Christmas shopping!

President John F. Kennedy said, “And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.”

Turning fear into hope, medical futurist Dr. Alan J. Russell will discuss the science of regenerating damaged or diseased human body parts, while offering real hope for the future of human health.

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall

Welcome to San Joaquin Valley Town Hall. We have some amazing speakers in store for you this season!

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall

Welcome to San Joaquin Valley Town Hall.

HTML, XHTML, and CSS, C3 © 2010, Mike Murach & Associates, Inc. Slide 33 Examples of absolute and relative URLs Absolute URLs http://www.murach.com/index.html http://www.murach.com/books/javascript/toc.html

Relative URLs that are based on the root\books directory index.html (refers to root\books\index.html) javascript/overview.html (refers to root\books\javascript\overview.html)

HTML, XHTML, and CSS, C3 © 2010, Mike Murach & Associates, Inc. Slide 34 Examples of absolute and relative URLs (cont.) Relative URLs that navigate up from root\books\javascript ../index.html (refers to root\books\index.html) ../../index.html (refers to root\index.html) /login.html (refers to root\login.html) /images/murachlogo.gif (refers to root\images\murachlogo.gif)

Go view our product list.

A link to a web page in a subdirectory of the parent directory

Read about the services we provide.

View your shopping cart.

A link to a web page at another web site

To learn more about JavaScript, visit the official JavaScript web site.

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Java
JavaScript
Visual Basic
C#
C++

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San Joaquin Valley Town Hall

2009-2010 guest speakers

October 14, 2009: Dr. Alan J. Russell
November 18, 2009: Dr. Edward Diener
January 20, 2010: David Brancaccio
February 17, 2010: Robert Fitzpatrick
March 17, 2010: Juan Williams
April 21, 2010: Steve Coll

Contact us by phone at (559) 555-1212 for ticket information.

How to Use HTML to Structure a Web Page

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall Programs

Pre-lecture coffee at the Saroyan

Post-lecture luncheon at the Saroyan

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall

Mike Murach & Associates, Inc.

San Joaquin Valley Town Hall

Bringing cutting-edge speakers to the valley

2009-2010 guest speakers