Assessing Cigarette Packaging and Labelling Policy Effects on Early
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In the United States District Court for the District Of
Case 1:16-cv-00296-JB-LF Document 132 Filed 12/21/17 Page 1 of 249 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF NEW MEXICO IN RE: SANTA FE NATURAL TOBACCO COMPANY MARKETING & SALES PRACTICES AND PRODUCTS LIABILITY LITIGATION No. MD 16-2695 JB/LF MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER THIS MATTER comes before the Court on: (i) the Defendants’ Request for Judicial Notice in Support of Motion to Dismiss, filed November 18, 2016 (Doc. 71)(“First JN Motion”); (ii) Defendants’ Second Motion for Judicial Notice in Support of the Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint, filed February 23, 2017 (Doc. 91)(“Second JN Motion”); (iii) Defendants’ Third Motion for Judicial Notice in Support of the Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint, filed May 30, 2017 (Doc. 109)(“Third JN Motion”); and (iv) the Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss the Consolidated Amended Complaint and Incorporated Memorandum of Law, filed February 23, 2017 (Doc. 90)(“MTD”). The Court held hearings on June 16, 2017 and July 20, 2017. The primary issues are: (i) whether the Court may consider the items presented in the First JN Motion, the Second JN Motion, and the Third JN Motion without converting the MTD into one for summary judgment; (ii) whether the Court may exercise personal jurisdiction over Reynolds American, Inc. for claims that were not brought in a North Carolina forum; (iii) whether the Federal Trade Commission’s Decision and Order, In re Santa Fe Nat. Tobacco Co., No. C-3952 (FTC June 12, 2000), filed November 18, 2016 (Doc. 71)(“Consent Order”), requiring Defendant Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company, Inc. -
Health Effects of Flavored Tobacco and Nicotine Products
HEALTH EFFECTS OF FLAVORED TOBACCO AND NICOTINE PRODUCTS "Flavored cigarettes appeal to kids and disguise the bad taste of tobacco, but they are just as addictive as regular tobacco products and have the same harmful health effects," -- Mitch Zeller, Director of the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Center for Tobacco Products 1 The Tobacco Control Act, which was signed into law in 2009, banned cigarettes that contained candy or fruit flavors, to reduce the likelihood of youth smoking and addiction to tobacco. However, menthol was excluded from this ban. Tobacco manufacturers have also found a way to skirt this law by selling flavored cigarettes labeled as cigars. To understand some of the potential health impacts of ending the sale of flavored tobacco, below are just some of the health effects of tobacco and nicotine: Menthol Cigarettes The Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee 2011 report concluded that menthol cigarettes are no more or less toxic than are regular cigarettes, but the flavor’s cooling and anesthetic properties reduce the harshness of cigarette smoke, thereby increasing their appeal to new smokers. 2 However, menthol cigarettes are more difficult to quit than unflavored tobacco because menthol decreases the metabolism of nicotine and increases the amount of the addictive substance in the blood. 3 Health Effects of Tobacco Use Smoking leads to disease and disability and harms nearly every organ of the body. More than 16 million Americans are living with a disease caused by smoking. For every person who dies because of smoking, at least 30 people live with a serious smoking-related illness. -
Pack Modifications Influence Perceptions of Menthol E-Cigarettes
Pack Modifications Influence Perceptions of Menthol E-cigarettes Amy M. Cohn, PhD Amanda L. Johnson, MHS Haneen Abudayyeh, MPH Bonnie King, MHS Jess Wilhelm, PhD Objectives: Tobacco package colors and descriptors influence attitudes and intentions to use. This study examined the impact of flavor, color, and descriptors on electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) packages young adults’ perceptions of e-cigarettes. Methods: We recruited 2872 US participants ages 18-24 from Amazon Mechanical Turk (2018-2019) and randomized them to view one of 7 e-cigarette package images that varied by flavor (menthol vs tobacco), color (green or brown vs black and white), and descriptor (present vs absent). Models examined main and interactive effects of flavor, color, and descriptor on perceptions of appeal, harm, and addictiveness, and the moderating effects of product appeal. Results: Menthol e-cigarette packages were rated as more “attention grabbing,” “appetizing,” and “fun to use.” Perceptions of harm and addictiveness did not vary across package conditions. Interactions of menthol pack conditions with appeal emerged. Specifically, participants exposed to the green package with the menthol descriptor reported low e-cigarette harm perceptions across all levels of “attention grabbing” and “discour- ages use,” while those exposed to the green package without the menthol descriptor or the brown package with the tobacco descriptor reported lower harm perceptions as ratings of prod- uct appeal increased. Conclusions: Colors and descriptors on e-cigarette packaging influence product appeal and harm perceptions. Key words: flavored tobacco; menthol; e-cigarettes; young adults; perceived harm; perceived addictiveness; appeal; packaging; marketing; tobacco companies Tob Regul Sci.™ 2021;7(2):87-102 DOI: doi.org/10.18001/TRS.7.2.1 urveillance data show that the prevalence of bacco smoke or vapor, making it easier for new us- current e-cigarette use has increased signifi- ers to initiate tobacco use. -
Flexible Packaging Buyers Guide 2018 - 2019 Flexible Packaging
FLEXIBLE PACKAGING BUYERS GUIDE 2018 - 2019 FLEXIBLE PACKAGING • Innovative • Creates Shelf Appeal • Widely Extendible Into Diverse • Enables Visibility of Contents Product Categories • Provides Efficient Product to Package • Maintains and Indicates Freshness Ratios • Offers Consumer Conveniences • Uses Less Energy • Provides Reclosure and Dispensing • Creates Fewer Emissions Options • Creates Less Waste in the First • Is Easily Transported and Stored Place® As one of the fastest growing segments of the packaging industry, flexible packaging combines the best qualities of plastic, film, paper and aluminum foil to deliver a broad range of protective properties while employing a minimum of material. Typically taking the shape of a bag, pouch, liner, or overwrap, flexible packaging is defined as any package or any part of a package whose shape can be readily changed. Flexible packages are used for consumer and institutional products and in industrial applications, to protect, market, and distribute a vast array of products. Leading the way in packaging innovation, flexible packaging adds value and marketability to food and non-food products alike. From ensuring food safety and extending shelf life, to providing even heating, barrier protection, ease of use, resealability and superb printability, the industry continues to advance at an unprecedented rate. The life cycle attributes of flexible packaging demonstrate many sustainable advantages. Flexible packaging starts with less waste in the first place, greatly reducing landfill discards. Innovation and technology have enabled flexible packaging manufacturers to use fewer natural resources in the creation of their packaging, and improvements in production processes have reduced water and energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and volatile organic compounds. -
THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL Journal of the New Zealand Medical Association
THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL Journal of the New Zealand Medical Association CONTENTS This Issue in the Journal 4 A summary of the original articles featured in this issue Editorials 7 Inequities in health and the Marmot Symposia: time for a stocktake Tony Blakely, Don Simmers, Norman Sharpe 15 Medically assessing refugees who may have been victims of torture A Martin F Reeve Original Articles 18 Prevalence of victims of torture in the health screening of quota refugees in New Zealand during 2007–2008 and implications for follow-up care G E Poole, Grant Galpin 25 The use of the ‘rollie’ in New Zealand: preference for loose tobacco among an ethnically diverse low socioeconomic urban population Vili Nosa, Marewa Glover, Sandar Min, Robert Scragg, Chris Bullen, Judith McCool, Anette Kira 34 A cross-sectional study of opinions related to the tobacco industry and their association with smoking status amongst 14–15 year old teenagers in New Zealand Judith McCool, Janine Paynter, Robert Scragg 44 Comparison of two modes of delivery of an exercise prescription scheme Louise Foley, Ralph Maddison, Zanta Jones, Paul Brown, Anne Davys 55 Voices of students in competition: Health Science First Year at the University of Otago, Dunedin Madgerie Jameson, Jeffrey Smith 68 An investigation into the health benefits of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for people living with a range of chronic physical illnesses in New Zealand Jillian Simpson, Tim Mapel 76 Comorbidity among patients with colon cancer in New Zealand Diana Sarfati, Lavinia Tan, Tony -
Testimony Before the Connecticut Public Health Committee
Testimony before the Connecticut Public Health Committee Regarding Prohibiting the Sale of Flavored Tobacco and Vapor Products Lindsey Stroud, Policy Analyst Taxpayers Protection Alliance February 1, 2021 Chairwoman Daughertry Abrams and Chairman Steinberg and Members of the Committee, Thank you for your time today to discuss the issue of banning remote sales of tobacco and vapor products. My name is Lindsey Stroud and I am a Policy Analyst with the Taxpayers Protection Alliance (TPA). TPA is a non-profit, non-partisan organization dedicated to educating the public through the research, analysis and dissemination of information on the government’s effects on the economy. As lawmakers attempt to address the critical issue of youth use of age- restricted products, including electronic cigarettes and vapor products, some policymakers are seeking to ban sales of flavored tobacco and vapor products. Although addressing youth use is laudable, policymakers should refrain from policies that would restrict adult access to tobacco harm reduction products, as well as implementing policies that further subvert adult choices, such as is the case with the proposal to ban flavors in tobacco and vapor products. Also, during a pandemic when politicians are urging the public to use science as a guiding concept, it is important to look at the science behind tobacco harm reduction. E-Cigarettes and Tobacco Harm Reduction The evidence of harm associated with combustible cigarettes has been understood since the 1964 U.S. Surgeon General’s Report that determined -
SFDA.FD 60:2018 Plain Packaging of Tobacco Products
Unofficial Translation SFDA.FD 60:2018 Plain Packaging of Tobacco Products Unofficial Translation Preamble Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) is an independent entity, its main purpose is to regulate and control food, drug, and medical and diagnostic equipment. SFDA mission is to set specifications and technical regulations for various products in related fields, whether imported or locally manufactured. The Food Sector in the SFDA prepared these regulations (Plain Packaging for Tobacco Products) no. (SFDA FD.60). The project was prepared after reviewing related specifications and regulations. The regulations were approved by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of SFDA pursuant to decision no. 1440-18-2/7, overriding and substituting the GCC Standardization Organization (GSO)-Saudi Technical Regulations no. SFDA.FD GSO 246/2011 “Labeling of Tobacco Product Packages”. Unofficial Translation Plain Packaging of Tobacco Products 1. Scope: These regulations pertain to the requirements for the packaging of tobacco products; including cigarettes, cigar, tobacco molasses, loose tobacco, and similar tobacco products. 2. Complementary References: 2.1. SFDA.FD/ GSO 597 "Cigarettes" 2.2. SFDA.FD/ GSO 1415 “Tobacco Molasses” 2.3. SFDA.FD/ GSO 1749 "fruit flavored Tobacco Molasses" 2.4. SFDA.FD/ GSO 2050 "Mixed Pipe Tobacco" 2.5. SFDA.FD/ GSO 2047 "Cigars and Tuscany Cigars" 2.6. SFDA.FD/ GSO 2051 "Tobacco and Tobacco products – Cigaritos" 3. Definitions: 3.1. Trademark The primary name through which a product is recognized. 3.2. Calibration Mark A mark used only for the purpose of automated manufacture of a packaging. 3.3. Distinctive Flavors A clear and distinct aroma or taste besides the flavor of tobacco itself. -
CITY of SHOREVIEW AGENDA CITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP Monday March 15, 2021 5:00 PM
CITY OF SHOREVIEW AGENDA CITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP Monday March 15, 2021 5:00 PM MEETING FORMAT - This meeting is taking place virtually due to COVID-19. Members of the public may join the meeting the following ways: PC, Mac, iPad, iPhone, or Android device https://us02web.zoom.us/j/84462029374?pwd=cXYxMHpoMGhFRTlIdkQ4SkI2cUljUT09 Password: 303732 Phone Call 1-312-626-6799 Webinar ID: 844 6202 9374 Passcode: 303732 1. GENERAL BUSINESS 1.a Discussion regarding tobacco flavor ban 1.b Review of Updated Vision, Mission, and Core Values for the City of Shoreview 2. OTHER ISSUES 3. ADJOURNMENT 1 Memorandum TO: City Council Workshop FROM: Renee Eisenbeisz , Assistant City Manager DATE: March 15, 2021 SUBJECT: Discussion regarding tobacco flavor ban ITEM 1.a NUMBER: SECTION: GENERAL BUSINESS REQUESTED MOTION INTRODUCTION In 2016, the city council approved an ordinance that limits the sale of flavored tobacco, excluding menthol, mint, and wintergreen, to tobacco shops. Last year, the city received a request to expand its restrictions to include menthol, mint, and wintergreen. The council briefly discussed this at a workshop meeting and asked staff to bring it back this spring for further discussion. DISCUSSION Katie Engman from the Association of Nonsmokers-Minnesota will be at the March 15 workshop meeting to discuss a possible expansion of the city's restrictions to include menthol, mint, and wintergreen. As you can see on the attached map, several cities in the metropolitan area have restricted or banned flavored tobacco products, including menthol. Please find attached the following documents: Fact sheet on menthol tobacco products Letter of support from the human rights commission Summary of ANSR's 2020 survey on youth vaping Summary of Minnesota's 2020 survey on youth tobacco usage Policy brief on menthol Ms. -
"I Always Thought They Were All Pure Tobacco'': American
“I always thought they were all pure tobacco”: American smokers’ perceptions of “natural” cigarettes and tobacco industry advertising strategies Patricia A. McDaniel* Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Nursing University of California, San Francisco 3333 California Street, Suite 455 San Francisco, CA 94118 USA work: (415) 514-9342 fax: (415) 476-6552 [email protected] Ruth E. Malone Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Nursing University of California, San Francisco, USA *Corresponding author The Corresponding Author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, an exclusive licence (or non exclusive for government employees) on a worldwide basis to the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and its Licensees to permit this article (if accepted) to be published in Tobacco Control editions and any other BMJPGL products to exploit all subsidiary rights, as set out in our licence (http://tc.bmj.com/misc/ifora/licence.pdf). keywords: natural cigarettes, additive-free cigarettes, tobacco industry market research, cigarette descriptors Word count: 223 abstract; 6009 text 1 table, 3 figures 1 ABSTRACT Objective: To examine how the U.S. tobacco industry markets cigarettes as “natural” and American smokers’ views of the “naturalness” (or unnaturalness) of cigarettes. Methods: We reviewed internal tobacco industry documents, the Pollay 20th Century Tobacco Ad Collection, and newspaper sources, categorized themes and strategies, and summarized findings. Results: Cigarette advertisements have used the term “natural” since at least 1910, but it was not until the 1950s that “natural” referred to a core element of brand identity, used to describe specific product attributes (filter, menthol, tobacco leaf). -
Tobacco Flavoring Fact Sheet 2020
Tobacco Flavoring THE HISTORY AND WHERE WE ARE NOW In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act gave the U.S Food and Drug Administration the authority to regulate tobacco products, including cigarettes, cigarette tobacco, roll-your-own tobacco, and smokeless tobacco.1 The bill also banned the sale of flavored cigarettes, except for menthol. In 2016, the FDA extended its regulatory authority to all “tobacco products” including electronic cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah, pipe tobacco, nicotine gels, dissolvables not already subject to regulation, and other products that might meet the definition of “tobacco product” in the future.1 FDA has only just begun to take steps to regulate these newer products -- over 15,000 different e-cigarette flavors currently exist in the marketplace leading to an epidemic of youth use, and relatively few studies have been conducted to investigate the safety and inhalation toxicity for flavored products.2 In January 2020, the FDA issued guidance that removed some flavored cartridge-based electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) from the market. However, the policy failed to include menthol- or tobacco-flavored cartridge-based e-cigarettes, any flavored disposable e-cigarettes, and e-liquids used in refillable, open tank systems. Menthol is one of the most common flavor additives used in cigarettes and other tobacco products, accounting for 36% of the cigarette market in the U.S in 2018 and an increase in sales from 10.7% to 61.% among prefilled e-cigarette cartridges in 2020.3,4 A 2013 FDA analysis concluded that menthol cigarettes may increase youth initiation, and there has been great scientific debate on the role of menthol in nicotine dependence and cessation..5 The use of menthol cigarettes is particularly prevalent among youth adults and African Americans. -
Plain Packaging of Cigarettes and Smoking Behavior
Maynard et al. Trials 2014, 15:252 http://www.trialsjournal.com/content/15/1/252 TRIALS STUDY PROTOCOL Open Access Plain packaging of cigarettes and smoking behavior: study protocol for a randomized controlled study Olivia M Maynard1,2,3*, Ute Leonards3, Angela S Attwood1,2,3, Linda Bauld2,4, Lee Hogarth5 and Marcus R Munafò1,2,3 Abstract Background: Previous research on the effects of plain packaging has largely relied on self-report measures. Here we describe the protocol of a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of the plain packaging of cigarettes on smoking behavior in a real-world setting. Methods/Design: In a parallel group randomization design, 128 daily cigarette smokers (50% male, 50% female) will attend an initial screening session and be assigned plain or branded packs of cigarettes to smoke for a full day. Plain packs will be those currently used in Australia where plain packaging has been introduced, while branded packs will be those currently used in the United Kingdom. Our primary study outcomes will be smoking behavior (self-reported number of cigarettes smoked and volume of smoke inhaled per cigarette as measured using a smoking topography device). Secondary outcomes measured pre- and post-intervention will be smoking urges, motivation to quit smoking, and perceived taste of the cigarettes. Secondary outcomes measured post-intervention only will be experience of smoking from the cigarette pack, overall experience of smoking, attributes of the cigarette pack, perceptions of the on-packet health warnings, behavior changes, views on plain packaging, and the rewarding value of smoking. Sex differences will be explored for all analyses. -
Menthol Content in U.S. Marketed Cigarettes
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Nicotine Manuscript Author Tob Res. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 July 01. Published in final edited form as: Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 July ; 18(7): 1575–1580. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv162. Menthol Content in U.S. Marketed Cigarettes Jiu Ai, Ph.D.1, Kenneth M. Taylor, Ph.D.1, Joseph G. Lisko, M.S.2, Hang Tran, M.S.2, Clifford H. Watson, Ph.D.2, and Matthew R. Holman, Ph.D.1 1Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 2Tobacco Products Laboratory, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA Abstract Introduction—In 2011 menthol cigarettes accounted for 32 percent of the market in the United States, but there are few literature reports that provide measured menthol data for commercial cigarettes. To assess current menthol application levels in the U.S. cigarette market, menthol levels in cigarettes labeled or not labeled to contain menthol was determined for a variety of contemporary domestic cigarette products. Method—We measured the menthol content of 45whole cigarettes using a validated gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method (GC/MS). Results—In 23 cigarette brands labeled as menthol products, the menthol levels of the whole cigarette ranged from 2.9 to 19.6 mg/cigarette, with three products having higher levels of menthol relative to the other menthol products. The menthol levels for 22 cigarette products not labeled to contain menthol ranged from 0.002 to 0.07 mg/cigarette.