Parthenia Habsburg Program Texts NYEMC 2015
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PARTHENIA Rosamund Morley, treble viol Lawrence Lipnik, tenor viol Beverly Au, bass viol Lisa Terry, bass viol with Ryland Angel, tenor Charles Weaver, vihuela and lute A Hapsburg Songbook La dama le demanda Antonio de Cabezón (1510-1566) La mañana de San Juan Diego Pisador (c. 1559- after 1557) Dexó del mundo Francisco Guerrero (1528-1599) Dezilde al caballero Nicolas Gombert (c.1495-c.1560) Diferencias sobre el canto llano del Caballero Cabezón Pater noster Guerrero Corten espadas afiladas Anon. Cancionero de Medinaceli (mid. 16th c.) Mille regretz Josquin des Prés (c.1450-1541) Response: Les miens aussi brief Tielman Susato (c.1510-c.1570) La cancion del Emperador (Mille regretz) Luis de Narváez (1500-1555) [Vidit Jacob scalam Thomas Crecquillon (1505-1557)] Tiento de Batalla Attrib. Sebastian Aguilera de Heredia (1561-1627) Intermission A la Bataglia Heinrich Isaac (1450-1517) Lust hab ich gehabt Ludwig Senfl (c.1486-1543) Der Hund (Ryland solo) Anon. 16th c. Der Hund Isaac O quam gloriosam Jacobus Vaet (c. 1529-1567) De profundis clamavi Senfl Tandernaken Senfl Ach Elslein, liebes Elselein mein Senfl Elslein, liebes Elslein Hans Neusidler (1508-1563) Ich weiss nit, was er ihr verhiess Senfl October 17, 2015, 8pm Church of Saint Luke in the Field NOTES ON THE PROGRAM “The Emperor understood music, felt and Cabezón was brought to court as early as 1526 tasted its charms; the friars often discovered to be Isabella’s personal musician, and lived all him behind the door, as he sat in his own his life as an esteemed employee of the royal apartment near the high altar, beating time and family. singing in part with the performers.” So wrote All of Cabezón’s keyboard works, although the biographer of Charles V (1500–1558), Duke worked out meticulously in four-part of Burgundy, King of Castile and Aragon, King counterpoint, were published in organ of Naples, Count of Hainault and Flanders, tablature, by Henestrosa in 1557 and by his Duke of Guelders, Holy Roman Emperor, and own son Hernando, another valued royal bearer of fifteen more titles, describing the organist, in 1578. It is the rigor of Cabezón’s Emperor’s retirement at the monastery of compositional technique that makes it possible Yuste. But Charles’s musical abilities and tastes to transcribe exactly the four voices of his were not exceptional among members of the tablatures for chamber ensemble. He traveled Habsburg family; for over a century they were widely with King Philip’s retinue to Italy, not just connoisseurs, but often singers and Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and instrumentalists in their own right. England (where it is likely he met William Sorting out the powers, residences, and Byrd), meeting with Europe’s foremost relationships of the vast and enduring House musicians and entabulating many of their of Habsburg (1273–1916) is a daunting works. enterprise, not the least because their titles are Spain’s answer to the lute of the Italians was so misleading: Margaret of Austria, for the vihuela da mano, and Spanish vihuelist instance, spoke French, ruled the Netherlands, Luis de Narváez reached international fame, and hardly ever set foot in Austria; the having traveled to Italy and northern Europe supreme rulers of Germany from 1273 were and seen his music published in Paris and always called Kings of the Romans; the King of Louvain. Musician to the Emperor’s secretary Bohemia and Hungary had his seat in Vienna; and later music tutor to the children of Philip and it was extremely rare for any Holy Roman II, he published all his known works in one Emperor – an elected post but necessarily held volume in 1538, Los seys libros del delphín. by a Habsburg – to show his face in Rome. Among the variations and fantasias therein is Charles himself was King of Spain for fifteen “The Song of the Emperor,” a fantasia-like years before he actually moved there from his setting of Josquin’s four-voice chanson “Mille home in Brussels. regretz” (to which Tylman Susato wrote his Charles V (with his sister Mary of Hungary) “response” much later). It surely deserved to was brought up and had his education be Charles’s favorite song: the great Josquin provided for by his aunt, Margaret of Austria had appeared before Charles on the occasion of (1480–1530), who made her home in Mechelen, his coronation in 1520 and presented him with halfway between Brussels and Antwerp. She a collection of motets and chansons, “Mille was arguably the most accomplished musician regretz” undoubtedly among them. of the Habsburg family, a singer, a fine The “canto llano del Caballero,” despite its keyboard player, and probably a composer. designation in the title of Cabezón’s variations, She was regent of the Netherlands and is not a “plainsong” at all, but a popular guardian of the future Emperor by virtue of romance, or “story,” with roots in folk tradition. the early death in 1506 of her brother, Philip Essentially a simple melody of only two the Handsome (a glance at his portrait will phrases, it would be repeated many times over disappoint you), and the suppression of his in the singing of a sort of epic ballad in Queen, Joanna the Mad. unrhymed couplets: “By night they murdered The court chapel of Flemish musicians – him, the knight, the glory of Medina, the initially including such lights as de Orto, flower of Olvera.” This tune, like other Gombert, and Crecquillon – that Charles romances, was made good use of by sixteenth- brought with him to Madrid in 1531 was century Spanish composers, among whom preserved and refreshed for generations. In Gombert – as part of the Flemish chapel in supplement, however, a separate Spanish Spain – must be counted. chapel was founded for the use of Queen It was Maximilian, King of the Romans from Isabella (“of Portugal”) and Philip the Infante, 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 who would become regent of Spain in 1543 until his death in 1519, who consolidated the and King Philip II upon Charles’s retirement in power of the Habsburgs in most of Europe by 1556. The great blind organist Antonio de marrying Margaret’s mother, Mary of Burgundy in 1477. (It was he also who Maximilian (1512–1519), singing and playing instituted the policy of intermarriage among their lutes, viols, flutes, trumpets, drums, the Habsburgs in order not to dilute their organs, shawms, and krummhorns. political power – a practice that would prove Hans Neusidler was a Nuremburg lutenist and their demise.) Maximilian had engaged lute maker who published eight books of Heinrich Isaac in 1492, naming him court entabulated lute music between 1536 and 1549. composer five years later; Ludwig Senfl They are eclectic compendia of French arrived in Vienna as a choirboy in 1496, and chansons, Italian madrigals, German Lieder, succeeded Isaac as Hofkomponist. Senfl can be motets, French and Italian dances, and free- spotted among the musicians of the court in form improvisatory preludes. Hans Burgkmair’s celebrated series of ~ Lucy E. Cross woodcuts The Triumphal Procession of TEXTS AND TRANSLATIONS La mañana de Sant Juan On the morning of St. John's Day, al tiempo que alboreaba, just as dawn were breaking, gran fiesta hacen los moros, the Moors celebrate a great feast por la vega de Granada. on the plains of Granada. Revolviendo sus caballos, Turning their horses jugando van de las lanzas, and jousting with lances, ricos pendones en ellas, carrying rich pennants, labrados por sus amadas, embroidered by their lovers, ricas aljubas vestidas, wearing rich garments de oro y seda labradas. worked from gold and silk. El moro que amores tiene, The moors who were in love allí bien se señalaba, showed it clearly, y el moro que no los tiene, and the Moor who was not, de tenerlos procuraba, tried to be in love, mirando las damas moras looking at the Moorish ladies. desde las torres de Alhambra, From the towers of the Alhambra, entre las cuales había amongst which were dos de amor muy lastimadas. two very wounded by love. La una se llama Jarifa, One is called Jarifa, la otra Fátima se llama. the other Fátima by name. Solían ser muy amigas, They used to be great friends, aunque ahora no se hablan. though now they do not speak. Jarifa llena de celos Jarifa, full of jealousy, a Fátima le hablaba: said to Fátima: Ay, Fátima, hermana mía, Oh, Fátima, my sister, como estás de amor tocada; how you are touched by love; solías tener colores, you used to be full of colour, veo que ahora te faltan; I see that they have left you now, solías tratar amores, your life was once all love, ahora obras y callas. now it is work and silence. Dezilde al cavallero Tell the gentleman que non se quexe, Not to complain, que yo le doy mi fe For I give him my faith que non le dexe. I will not leave him. Dezilde al cavallero, Tell the gentleman cuerpo garrido, Of handsome body que non se quexe Not to complain en ascondido, In secrecy, que yo le doy mi fe For I give him my faith que non le dexe. I will not leave him. Pater noster, qui es in coelis, Our Father, which art in heaven, sanctificetur nomen tuum, hallowed be thy name, adveniat regnum tuum, thy kingdom come, fiat voluntas tua, sicut in coelo et in terra. thy will be done, Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie, in earth as it is in heaven. Et dimitte nobis debita nostra, Give us this day our daily bread, sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris.