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Organized Crime and Terrorist Activity in Mexico, 1999-2002
ORGANIZED CRIME AND TERRORIST ACTIVITY IN MEXICO, 1999-2002 A Report Prepared by the Federal Research Division, Library of Congress under an Interagency Agreement with the United States Government February 2003 Researcher: Ramón J. Miró Project Manager: Glenn E. Curtis Federal Research Division Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 20540−4840 Tel: 202−707−3900 Fax: 202−707−3920 E-Mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://loc.gov/rr/frd/ Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Criminal and Terrorist Activity in Mexico PREFACE This study is based on open source research into the scope of organized crime and terrorist activity in the Republic of Mexico during the period 1999 to 2002, and the extent of cooperation and possible overlap between criminal and terrorist activity in that country. The analyst examined those organized crime syndicates that direct their criminal activities at the United States, namely Mexican narcotics trafficking and human smuggling networks, as well as a range of smaller organizations that specialize in trans-border crime. The presence in Mexico of transnational criminal organizations, such as Russian and Asian organized crime, was also examined. In order to assess the extent of terrorist activity in Mexico, several of the country’s domestic guerrilla groups, as well as foreign terrorist organizations believed to have a presence in Mexico, are described. The report extensively cites from Spanish-language print media sources that contain coverage of criminal and terrorist organizations and their activities in Mexico. -
Jews – Kazan – Mafia – Pensioners – Forced Evictions – Department of Internal Affairs – State Protection – Internal Relocation – Israel
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: RUS17524 Country: Russia Date: 21 September 2005 Keywords: Russia – Jews – Kazan – Mafia – Pensioners – Forced evictions – Department of Internal Affairs – State protection – Internal relocation – Israel This response was prepared by the Country Research Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Questions 1. Please provide details of any discrimination against Jews in Russia, particularly in the Kazan area. 2. Please provide details of any mafia type activity in the area, particularly against pensioners, including attempts to evict them. 3. Please advise regarding role of the Government in increasing fees for pensioners occupying public facilities and the role of the Department of Internal Affairs in the Vakhitovsky region. 4. Does the government provide any assistance against the mafia in this area/city/province? 5. Can a Jewish woman move anywhere else where she would receive more protection from the government? 6. Please advise on a Jewish person's rights to reside in Israel, if any. RESPONSE 1. Please provide details of any discrimination against Jews in Russia, particularly in the Kazan area. Background According to the International Religious Freedom Report 2004, from a population of approximately 144 million “an estimated 600,000 to 1 million Jews remain in the country (0.5 percent of the total population) following large-scale emigration over the last 2 decades” (US Department of State 2004, Russia in International Religious Freedom Report 2004, 15 September, Section I. -
Gang Project Brochure Pg 1 020712
Salt Lake Area Gang Project A Multi-Jurisdictional Gang Intelligence, Suppression, & Diversion Unit Publications: The Project has several brochures available free of charge. These publications Participating Agencies: cover a variety of topics such as graffiti, gang State Agencies: colors, club drugs, and advice for parents. Local Agencies: Utah Dept. of Human Services-- Current gang-related crime statistics and Cottonwood Heights PD Div. of Juvenile Justice Services historical trends in gang violence are also Draper City PD Utah Dept. of Corrections-- available. Granite School District PD Law Enforcement Bureau METRO Midvale City PD Utah Dept. of Public Safety-- GANG State Bureau of Investigation Annual Gang Conference: The Project Murray City PD UNIT Salt Lake County SO provides an annual conference open to service Salt Lake County DA Federal Agencies: providers, law enforcement personnel, and the SHOCAP Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, community. This two-day event, held in the South Salt Lake City PD Firearms, and Explosives spring, covers a variety of topics from Street Taylorsville PD United States Attorney’s Office Survival to Gang Prevention Programs for Unified PD United States Marshals Service Schools. Goals and Objectives commands a squad of detectives. The The Salt Lake Area Gang Project was detectives duties include: established to identify, control, and prevent Suppression and street enforcement criminal gang activity in the jurisdictions Follow-up work on gang-related cases covered by the Project and to provide Collecting intelligence through contacts intelligence data and investigative assistance to with gang members law enforcement agencies. The Project also Assisting local agencies with on-going provides youth with information about viable investigations alternatives to gang membership and educates Answering law-enforcement inquiries In an emergency, please dial 911. -
Globalization 2
GLOBALIZATION AND TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME: THE RUSSIAN MAFIA IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Bruce Michael Bagley School of International Studies University of Miami Coral Gables, Florida November 15, 2002 Introduction: Globalization, Weak States and Transnational Organized Crime The purpose of this paper is to examine the scope and impact of the post-Cold War wave of Russian transnational organized crime in one region of the global system: Latin America and the Caribbean. Although the evidence currently available in the public realm is primarily journalistic and often anecdotal, it is, despite these limitations, sufficient to support the conclusion that the linkages or “strategic alliances” between various Russian organized crime groups and major transnational criminal organizations in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2001 were already substantial and expanding rapidly. Moreover, it raises the specter that, at least in some key countries in the region (e.g., Colombia, Mexico and Brazil), the alliances between home-grown and Russian criminal orga nizations may provide domestic criminal and/or guerrilla groups with access to the illicit international markets, money-laundering facilities and illegal arms sources that could convert them into major impediments to economic growth and serious threats to democratic consolidation and long-run stability at home. Organized crime 1 flourishes best in the contexts provided by weak states.2 In the wake of the complete collapse of the Soviet Empire in 1991, the new Russian state that 1 The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) defines organized crime as “… a self-perpetuating, structured and disciplined association of individuals or groups, combined together for the purpose of obtaining monetary or commercial gains or profits, wholly or in part by illegal means, while protecting their activities through a pattern of graft and corruption.” Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS), Russian Organized Crime . -
Living in a World of Violence: an Introduction to the Gang Phenomenon
LEGAL AND PROTECTION POLICY RESEARCH SERIES Living in a World of Violence: An Introduction to the Gang Phenomenon Michael Boulton Social Policy Officer, UNICEF, Malawi DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION July 2011 PPLA/2011/07 PROTECTION POLICY AND GENERAL LEGAL ADVICE DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES CP 2500, 1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhcr.org This paper was prepared, while the author was a consultant at UNHCR, as an internal background note for the UNHCR’s Guidance Note on Refugee Claims Relating to Victims of Organized Gangs , 31 March 2010, available at: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4bb21fa02.html , which provides a detailed legal analysis of the application of the 1951 Convention and other relevant instruments in the context of gang-related violence. The paper has benefited from the comments and contributions from Dr. Thomas Boerman. The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the UN or UNHCR. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the author. The author may be contacted at [email protected]. This report may be freely quoted, cited and copied for academic, educational or other non-commercial purposes without prior permission from UNHCR, provided that the source is acknowledged. The report is available online at http://www.unhcr.org/protect . © United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 2011 2 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... -
Federal Indictments on Gang Members
United States Attorney Jill Westmoreland Rose Western District of North Carolina ________________________________________________________________________ FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: Lia Bantavani THURSDAY, MAY 18, 2017 704-338-3140 http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/ncw [email protected] 83 “BLOODS” GANG MEMBERS INDICTED ON FEDERAL CHARGES Largest Takedown in North Carolina to Date Targeting “Nine Trey Gangsters” CHARLOTTE, N.C. – Eighty-three alleged leaders and members of the “United Blood Nation” (UBN or Bloods) have been indicted on federal racketeering conspiracy charges and charges related to murder, attempted murder, violent assault, narcotics distribution, firearms possession and Hobbs Act robbery. A number of defendants are also charged with bank fraud, wire fraud and aggravated identity theft related to financial crimes. A federal grand jury returned the sealed indictment on May 16, 2017, which was unsealed today following this morning’s arrests. In a coordinated operation, more than 600 federal, state and local law enforcement officers executed the arrest warrants this morning in Charlotte, Cleveland County, and eastern North Carolina. Arrests were also made in Florida, South Carolina, New York, and Virginia. Of the 83 defendants charged, ten are not in custody. “This morning’s arrests are the result of a joint law enforcement investigation targeting alleged leaders and members of the Nine Trey Gangsters faction of the UBN. These defendants participated in a racketeering conspiracy, committing multiple violent crimes, including at least six murders and five attempted murders in North Carolina. Today’s law enforcement action delivered a serious blow to the leadership structure throughout the ranks of this criminal organization. And this is only the beginning. -
Is the Mafia Taking Over Cybercrime?*
Is the Mafia Taking Over Cybercrime?* Jonathan Lusthaus Director of the Human Cybercriminal Project Department of Sociology University of Oxford * This paper is adapted from Jonathan Lusthaus, Industry of Anonymity: Inside the Business of Cybercrime (Cambridge, Mass. & London: Harvard University Press, 2018). 1. Introduction Claims abound that the Mafia is not only getting involved in cybercrime, but taking a leading role in the enterprise. One can find such arguments regularly in media articles and on blogs, with a number of broad quotes on this subject, including that: the “Mafia, which has been using the internet as a communication vehicle for some time, is using it increasingly as a resource for carrying out mass identity theft and financial fraud”.1 Others prescribe a central role to the Russian mafia in particular: “The Russian Mafia are the most prolific cybercriminals in the world”.2 Discussions and interviews with members of the information security industry suggest such views are commonly held. But strong empirical evidence is rarely provided on these points. Unfortunately, the issue is not dealt with in a much better fashion by the academic literature with a distinct lack of data.3 In some sense, the view that mafias and organised crime groups (OCGs) play an important role in cybercrime has become a relatively mainstream position. But what evidence actually exists to support such claims? Drawing on a broader 7-year study into the organisation of cybercrime, this paper evaluates whether the Mafia is in fact taking over cybercrime, or whether the structure of the cybercriminal underground is something new. It brings serious empirical rigor to a question where such evidence is often lacking. -
Tacoma Gang Assessment January 2019
Tacoma Gang Assessment January 2019 Prepared by: Michelle Arciaga Young Tytos Consulting Tytos Consulting would like to express our appreciation to the City of Tacoma for underwriting this report and to the Neighborhood and Community Services Department for providing support and coordination during the assessment process. Personnel from Comprehensive Life Resources – Rise Against the Influence (RAIN) Program and the Washington Department of Corrections - Community Corrections Gang Unit (WDOC-CCGU) were responsible for arranging the gang member interviews. Calvin Kennon (RAIN Program) and Randi Unfred, and Kelly Casperson (WDOC-CCGU), as well as other personnel from these agencies, dedicated considerable time to ensuring access to gang-involved individuals for gang member interviews. We are very grateful for their help. Kelly Casperson also provided data on security threat group members in Tacoma which was helpful for this report. We would also like to recognize the individuals who participated in these interviews, and who so candidly and openly shared their life experiences with us, for their valuable contributions to this report. Jacqueline Shelton of the Tacoma Police Department Gang Unit spent considerable time cleaning and preparing police incident report and gang intelligence data for analysis and inclusion in this report. We are indebted to her for this assistance. Focus groups were conducted with personnel from the Washington Department of Corrections Community Corrections Gang Unit, Pierce County Juvenile Court, agency partners from the RAIN multidisciplinary team, safety and security personnel from Tacoma Public Schools, and officers from the Tacoma Police Department Gang Unit. These focus groups contributed greatly to our ability to understand, analyze, and interpret the data for this report. -
An Introduction to Gangs in Virginia
An Introduction to Gangs in Virginia Office of the Attorney General Photographs Provided By: Virginia Gang Investigators Association Virginia Department of Corrections Fairfax County Gang Unit Pittsylvania County Sheriff’s Office Boys & Girls Clubs of Virginia Galax Police Department Richmond Police Department unless otherwise specified Videos Provided By Dr. Al Valdez and are NOT from Virginia Kenneth T. Cuccinelli, II Attorney General of Virginia American Violence Contains some graphic content Overview I. Facts About Gangs II. Identifying Signs of Gang Association III. Safety Issues for EMS Part I FACTS ABOUT GANGS Gangs In History Gangs have been present throughout human history. Blackbeard and other pirates plundered the Caribbean during the 1600’s and 1700’s. The word “Thug” dates back to India from around 1200, and refers to a gang of criminals. Gangs In History Irish gangs were a part of riots in NYC during the 1860’s. Gangs like “The Hole in the Wall Gang” and Billy the Kid’s Gang robbed in the Southwest during the 1800’s. Gangs In History Picture from The United Northern and Southern Knights of the Ku Klux Klan website with members in Virginia. This from a 2007 cross lighting ceremony. Al Capone’s Organization and the Ku Klux Klan are examples of prominent gangs in the 1900’s. Gangs Today Many of today’s gangs can trace their roots to the later half of the 20th Century. El Salvador Civil War – 1980’s. The Sleepy Lagoon Boys – 1940’s Zoot Suit Riots. The “Truth” in Numbers There are at least 26,500 gangs and 785,000 gang members in the U.S. -
Profile of Gang Members in Suffolk County, NY DRAFT
Profile of Gang Members In Suffolk County, NY 2011 DRAFT Profile of Gang Members in Suffolk County Prepared By The Suffolk County Criminal Justice Coordinating Council 2012 STEVEN BELLONE County Executive P a g e | 2 Profile of Gang Members in Suffolk County, NY 2012 By R. Anna Hayward, Ph.D. School of Social Welfare Stony Brook University Robert C. Marmo, Ph.D. Suffolk County CJCC Special thanks to Senior Probation Officer Jill Porter and Principal Clerk Denise Demme for their hard work and assistance, without which this report would not have been possible. Special thanks also go to the research assistants for their significant contributions to this report. Research Assistants: Angela Albergo, Stony Brook University, Raina Batrony, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, Christine Boudreau, Stony Brook University, Diana Nisito, Stony Brook University, Fatima Pereira, Stony Brook University, Suzanne Marmo- Roman, Fordham University, Danielle Seigal, Stony Brook University, and Amanda Thalmann, Stony Brook University. P a g e | 3 Suffolk County Criminal Justice Coordinating Council Gerard J. Cook Chair CJCC CJCC Staff Chief Planner: Robert Marmo, Ph.D. Research Analyst: Colleen Ford, LCSW Program Coordinator: Colleen Ansanelli, LMSW Program Coordinator: Edith Thomas, M.A. Principal Clerk: Stacey Demme P.O. Box 205 Yaphank, NY 11987-0205 (631) 852-6825 http://suffolkcountyny.gov/departments/criminaljustice.aspx Copyright © 2012 Suffolk County Criminal Justice Coordinating Council P a g e | 4 Table of Contents Background .................................................................................................................................... -
STREET GANGS: Intelligence T& Awareness Training
STREET GANGS: Intelligence t& Awareness Training Provided by the GANG UNIT INTRODUCTION: The Massachusetts State Police Gang Unit is a statewide specialty unit that investigates violent criminal street gangs and their related crimes. There are approximately 40 Troopers assigned to 7 teams, all of which work closely with our local and federal law enforcement partners. The Gang Unit's focus is on intelligence gathering, gang/crime suppression, and case management of gang related crimes. The Gang Unit assists municipalities by providing gang training, completing joint directed patrols in high crime areas, and providing undercover officers for narcotics purchases in gang and high crime areas. WHAT IS A GANG? MGL c.265 s.44 references a gang as an "organization of three or more persons which has a common name, identifying sign or symbol and whose members individually or collectively engage in criminal activity." Most gangs have a hierarchy ofleadership & membership, and at least some form of organizational structure. WHO ARE GANG MEMBERS? Today, there is no ''typical'' gang member. Gang members come in all shapes, sizes, nationalities, races, religions, economic backgrounds, and age: male and female. The stereotype of the young inner-city minority male dressed in baggie clothes and bandanas, gang beads draped around their necks, tossing hand signs, is no longer the rule. Pop culture has mainstreamed the "gangsta" look. RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH JOINING A GANG: * Friends who are gang members * Constitutional/biological factors * Family issues (subs. abuse, violence, etc.) * Bullying * Positive media portrayals of gangs * Academic failure/problems * Environment * Economic deprivation WHY DO PEOPLE JOIN GANGS? * Sense of family or belonging * Status and/or recognition * Protection * Money/economic hardship * Excitement * Environment/lack of positive role models * Lack of self-esteem * It may be all they know .. -
WFO Shares Child Summer Safety Tips WFO Is Sharing Tips on How to Keep Kids Safe
Issue 61 – May 2014 WFO Shares Child Summer Safety Tips WFO is sharing tips on how to keep kids safe. An unfortunate reality is that every year, thousands of children go missing. In cases of child abduction, the FBI works to assist in the investigation and speedy recovery of the missing child. In cases of child exploitation, an individual often targets a child for the purpose of abuse or violence. This targeting can be done in person by an acquaintance or a stranger or it can be done online through social websites and chat rooms. To help in child abduction recoveries, the FBI has developed the Child ID app which provides an effective way for parents and guardians to keep their child’s pictures and information on hand in case he or she goes missing. The app also includes safety tips for parents to help keep their kids out of harm’s way. The app is free and, in the event a child goes missing, parents and guardians can quickly email the photos and information to authorities. No information about you or your child will be collected or stored by the FBI. To download the Child ID app, go to iTunes App Store on your iPhone or Play Store on your Android phone. As the school year draws to a close, many parents are planning for their children’s summer activities. Whether a child is spending the summer at home with parents, a nanny or tutor, or away from home at a summer camp, the safety tips will help ensure that children are being cared for under the watchful eyes of trusted and vetted adults.