itransporteTRANSPORT ENGINEERING & CONSULTANCY | revistaitransporte.com | ineco.com

61 HIGH SPEED oct17 | jan18 : Under the Eye of Ra + articles Better airports in Cape Verde San Bernardo brought up to date with BIM HS2 between Birmingham and Sheffield Railway integration works in León Safety: Mathematics against chaos Denmark, 100% ERTMS Planning: Logical logistics Brand Spain: Sport editorial Great teams, great jobs

e open this issue with the news of the contract awarded re- cently for the design of the new terminal at Schiphol Airport, aW project that will make us a participant in the expansion of one of the most important airports in the world. This excellent news joins the announcements of the recent contracts to execute the master plan for the Dammam Airport and the expansion and rehabilitation of the Liberia airport. These international contracts reflect Ineco’s strength and competitiveness in the aeronautical sec- tor, and are complemented by articles covering the projects and construction supervision in two airports in Cape Verde, and the feature article on the aero- nautical safety studies.

In the railway sector, the cover story highlights another large project that has already been completed: the high-speed line that our experts have designed in Egypt to connect , and Hurghada. More than 1,000 kilometres in length, it is the longest section of high-speed track ever built by Ineco, only recently surpassed by the 1,500 kilometres of another similar project, the high- speed line between New Delhi and Kolkata. vila elvira photo_

Projects such as the Indian project and this most recent project in Egypt, are enormous railway challenges that clearly demonstrate the capacity and exper- tise of the teams, made up of more than one hundred people who contributed ❝The latest international to make them a reality. In total, the projects required two years of work which, contracts awarded in order to ensure the success of the study, involved various Egyptian public entities responsible for the implementation of the project, led by the Ministry to Ineco reflect of Transport and the National Railways of Egypt. our strength and competitiveness in the This study by Ineco, with the support of Adif and Renfe, exports the ex- perience and know-how of Spanish engineering and industry in the design, aeronautical sector❞ construction and maintenance of high-speed lines. Experience that has pushed ISAAC MARTÍN-BARBERO us to continue our participation in the development of high-performance net- works, such as HS2 in the UK, in which Ineco has been awarded a new contract, Chairman of Ineco projects for the installation of the ERTMS in Denmark, the railway integration works in the historic city of León, and the renovation of the San Bernardo station in Seville, all of which are described in this issue.

Lastly, we cap off this issue with a new section titled In Closing, in which our professionals tell us about the latest developments in their respective areas. In this case, we are starting with Rocío Viñas, our deputy director general of Coop- eration and Innovation, who discusses the Spanish Hyperloop project. A closing that is aimed at sharing new developments in the sector with our readers. ■

itransporte — 3 Contents Feature articles oct17/jan18 on the map

spain spain united kingdom denmark 06 | news Railways Railways High Speed Railways Ineco and Estudio Lamela to design the new Ineco has worked Adif and Ineco The line will connect Denmark will become Amsterdam-Schiphol airport terminal for Adif on the will transform the more than four million one of the first European modernisation of this urban environment people to the capital countries to have a full, Master Plan for the Dammam airport central train station of the historical city city of London in just and completely renovated, in Saudi Arabia in Seville. of León. one hour. railway signalling network. Success in the testing of the desert high-speed line Improvements to the Liberia airport in Costa Rica r r hs r Studies for Newark’s new terminal in EEUU Studies for the Delhi-Meerut commuter rail and Airports completion of the studies for the HS Delhi-Kolkata new enlargements cape verde 10 | HIGH SPEED Feasibility study in egypt 16 Under the Eye of Ra

16 | New enlargements of the Sal 24 38 and Boa Vista airports Cape Verde, more tourism, better airports 28 20 42 20 | Modernisation of Cercanías station 10 San Bernardo brought up to date with BIM 16 24 | HS2 line High speed between Birmingham and Sheffield

28 | Railway integration works in León Beneath the heart of León

32 | Aeronautical safety studies Mathematics against chaos HS2 32 * | line 38 Renovation of the Danish railway network united Denmark, 100% ERTMS kingdom pl a hs A | interview 24 noelia Medrano spain cape verde egypt international Operations manager for the SP Planning Aeronautical High Speed Aeronautical Signalling Programme Ineco has extensive Ineco will supervise Ineco has completed a There are hundreds ❝We plan well in advance to avoid experience, both in Spain the enlargement feasibility study for the of factors that could affecting commercial activity❞ and internationally, in of the passenger Egyptian government for affect airport technical and economic terminals of the Sal what, starting in 2026, operations and feasibility studies of and Boa Vista airports could be the country’s potentially cause an 42 | Feasibility studies about logistics centres. through 2018. first high-speed line. incident. logistics terminals Logical logistics Published by * Internacional article 48 | brand spain Sport: Chosen for glory Ineco 50 | in closing Paseo de La Habana, 138 - 28036 Madrid – Tel. 91 452 12 56 – www.revistaitransporte.com Rocío Viñas Tormo: Hyperloop One Editor-in-Chief: BÁRBARA JIMÉNEZ-ALFARO – [email protected] Editorial Staff: LIDIA AMIGO – [email protected] Editorial Board: MICHAEL ASHIABOR, NATALIA DÍAZ, José Gonzalez, JUAN R. HERNÁNDEZ, RAFAEL HERRERA, Renovation rafael molina, sergio navarro, Javier Sancho, jara valbuena cover image Design, layout, editing and web: estudio 2729 | juanjo jiménez, almudena valdecantos, TERESA COMPAIRÉ, YOLANDA MARTÍNEZ Map of the high speed in Egypt | ineco of the railway network Printed by: nilo gráfica denmark Legal Deposit: M-26791-2007 38 ©Ineco. All rights reserved (2017-2018). If you wish to reprint these articles, please contact the Editor-in-Chief. Follow us:

4 — itransporte itransporte — 5 news | current events from Ineco United Costa Rica Holland Saudi Arabia States Improvements to Success in the the Liberia airport testing of Costa Rica’s Directorate General of Civil the desert Aviation, through ICAO, has awarded High-Speed Line Ineco the project for the expansion and rehabilitation of the airfields of the Last July, the high-speed train Daniel Oduber Quirós International Air- linking the cities of Makkah port. This is Costa Rica’s second larg- and Madinah in Saudi Arabia est airport Costa Rica and its interna- arrived in Jeddah on a test tional traffic has not stopped growing drive. On the route between in recent years –exceeding one million Jeddah and Madinah, the train Studies for Newark’s new terminal passengers in 2016, 30% more than in reached a maximum operating 2015– thanks to its strategic position speed of 300 km/h. The Test Ineco has collaborated with the company Ar- The company has extensive experience in and tourist attractions. Drive –which was attended by cadis on the definition of the scope of the ORAT in more than 20 airports, from its first works The awarded contract will cover a number of Saudi Arabian au- project for the commissioning and Operational with Aena in Spain (Madrid, Barcelona, Alicante and the definition of the construction thorities and Spain’s Ministry Readiness and Transfer (ORAT) of the new ter- Malaga) to the current contract, in collaboration project for the runway expansion and OGNESE of Public Works– began in the minal at Newark Liberty International Airport with Aena, to carry out the Operational Readiness the rehabilitation of the airfields. The city of Jeddah in the direction in New Jersey, for the Port Authority of New and Transfer of the new terminal at the airport work will be completed in a year and of the King Abdullah Economic York & New Jersey. Terminal A will replace the at Abu Dhabi, the Midfield Terminal Complex, de- will include a variety of additional Rendering of City (KAEC), where it visited the old building, which was constructed in 1973 signed by KPF, which is expected to serve more studies, from the development of a the future terminal. intermediate station, now com- and exceeded 9 million passengers, handling 10 than 30 million passengers. This work is included new traffic forecast and the topo-

_ FI L IPPO B O p h oto pleted, and the Operations Con- million in 2015. The new project will increase within the framework contract for the Project Man- graphic and geotechnical campaigns, IN COLLABORATION WITH ITS PARTNERS KAAN ARCHITECTEN AND ABT trol Centre (BOCC). On its way capacity and significantly reduce travel times agement of the expansion programme and is the to the specifications for the execution to Madinah the train reached to boarding gates. first contract executed by Ineco in the USA. of the works. INECO AND ESTUDIO LAMELA TO DESIGN its maximum operating speed THE NEW AMSTERDAM-SCHIPHOL AIRPORT TERMINAL of 300 km/h. Approximately 370 kilometres of the 449 kilo- The Spanish-Dutch consortium KL AIR, formed terminal will be integrated urban elements that metres of the total railway line Master Plan for the by architecture firms Kaan and Lamela and en- will help Schiphol remain a “compact city”. (80%) of the Al Haramain pro- Dammam airport gineering companies ABT and Ineco, has been According to the team of designers, “The ject are currently being tested. Saudi awarded the international tender to design the main source of architectural inspiration has been The Al Shoula Consortium is Ineco has been awarded the contract for Arabia new terminal at the Amsterdam-Schiphol airport, to preserve the DNA of the original 1967 design made up of 12 Spanish compa- the development of the Master Plan for beating other prestigious firms in the final phase. designed by De Weger and Duintjers together nies (Adif, Cobra, Consultrans, the King Fahd International Airport in The project has also been supported by the plas- with the interior designer Kho Liang, character- Copasa, Imathia, Inabensa, In- Dammam, Saudi Arabia, winning against tic artist Arnout Meijer Studio and the specialized ized by its abundant natural light, its simplicity dra, Ineco, OHL, Renfe, Siemens the most prestigious international com- engineering companies DGMR and Planeground. and an imposing spatiality.” Rail Automation and Talgo) and panies. The one-year study will serve as The future terminal will cover approximately The new large-scale terminal will offer travel- 2 Saudi partners. The Consor- a development guide for the new airport 2 100,500 m , with a capacity for up to 14 million lers different scenarios in an environment full of tium is in charge of the design, operator, DACO (Dammam Airports passengers and will be located next to terminals natural light. The subtlety of the proposed design construction, maintenance Company). With a horizon in 2047, this 1, 2 and 3, to the south of the Schiphol Plaza. The will contribute to the use of the intuitive spaces and operation of the Haramain project aims to turn the airport into a re- works are expected to be completed in 2023. without reducing its functionality. Y NUTS ( F L IC K R ) high-speed project. gional hub and an important intermodal

The spatial distribution of the new terminal, its The façades will be formed by large glass node for the movement of goods. OSO design and the treatment of its façades are aimed elements that will allow the views of the vibrant at integrating it with Schiphol Plaza, the railway activity of the airport, as well as the open sky

Expansion and connection _ Y p h oto station and other possible future expansions. over the Dutch landscape. The sustainability with the railway freight line This will be possible thanks to the proposal’s criteria inherent to the design will be evident in The work includes the study of the ex- Idom will provide support as one of In- With this contract, Ineco enters the clear architecture and spatial extension. the different materials to be used, such as the pansion of all airport facilities to meet its eco’s strategic subcontractors for urban aeronautical market in Saudi Arabia One of the fundamental aspects of the de- wooden flooring on the platform, and the abun- strategic objectives, as well as the study planning and real estate management. and consolidates its position in the sign of the new terminal is its urban integration dant vegetation of the large patios. of the connection of the cargo area with Dammam International Airport is where, in addition to par- with the rest of the airport, which will guarantee The structural modularity and repetitive the country’s main railway freight line. the third largest airport in Saudi Arabia ticipating in the development of high a perfect connection between the new and the rhythm in the façades and on the roof will pro- In addition, it will carry out the improve- in terms of passengers and is managed speed between Makkah and Madinah. existing elements. Inside the building, the over- vide tranquillity and give unity to the new ter- ment and reorganization of its airspace by Changi Airport, considered one of It has also carried out the Master Plan lapping of passenger flows at different levels minal, while at the same time providing a solid and the development of the new Airport the best in the world, and for which In- for the Kuwait Airport , the expansion will make it possible to clearly distinguish the foundation for any future expansion. Integration City and the Cargo Village, which is un- eco developed the review and design of of Fujairah airport, and the start-up of departure hall and the baggage claim area on and timelessness characterize this new link in derway. Lastly, the Spanish company certain instrument flight procedures. the Abu Dhabi airport. the ground floor. Also, the access roads to the Schiphol’s evolution.

6 — itransporte itransporte — 7 News Ready to travel? Studies for Completion of the the Delhi-Meerut studies for the HS Delhi- India commuter rail Kolkata

India’s NCRTC, which is responsible Ineco, Typsa and ICT –the three part- for the development of fast rail trans- ners of the consortium– have presented port systems in the Delhi region, has the final report, of the feasibility study awarded the consortium formed by of the high-speed line between the cit- Ineco, Egis and Egis India the contract ies of New Delhi and Kolkata, to the au- for the studies to develop a commuter thorities of the state-owned enterprise rail corridor between Delhi and Meerut. High Speed Rail Corporation of India Ineco will provide consulting services (HSRC). In the photo, Ineco engineers to define the design parameters for the Félix Zapata and Javier Sancho at the construction project of this 90-kilometre station in New Delhi. regional fast network which is expected Ineco has been operating in India to reach a speed of 180 km/h. Most of the since 2009 with works for the Bombay route will run through tunnels and on metro and studies for the HS between elevated surface track. Haldia and Howrah, among others.

Spain The Galileo Service Centre now underway Ineco officials visited the facilities in Madrid to mark the start of the operations of the European User Services Centre of the Galileo Programme (GSC). From left to right Javier Gallego (Director of Systems Engineering), Carlos Hernando (Project Manager), Ramón Hernández, Silvia López, Ana Meléndez, Luis Chocano (Project Manager), Alberto Santos (Chief of Operations), Antonio Águila, Luis Negrete (Deputy Director of Operational Systems) and José Mª Berdoy (CNS-ATM Area Aena’s network of airports makes it easy Manager). • The best selection of leisure, dining and shopping facilities GERMANY Spain • The widest selection of parking options, and the best price Cologne: fairs and congresses • Renovated VIP Lounges Transportation This year, Ineco is collaborating as a sponsor of • Free Wi-Fi of the future the 6th edition of the conferences organized by And all the services you need to start enjoying your trip Adif (Spain’s railway infrastructure administrator) even before you reach your destination. The hyperloop took centre stage at the 2017 in Madrid in collaboration with the International Future of Transportation World Conference Union of Railways (UIC). Ineco engineers, Ignacio Technology Forum, which was held last July Martínez, deputy director of Information Technol- in Cologne, Germany. The conference was at- ogies, and Jorge Torrico, BIM deputy director, will tended by José María Berdoy, manager of In- participate in two presentations. In addition, this eco’s CNES-ATM Systems Area. Autonomous autumn, the company is sponsoring the South vehicles, their safety and legal and technical Summit, an important event on innovation and aspects, were some of the most discussed top- entrepreneurial companies (4-6 October in Ma- ics along with the environmental sustainability drid) and will participate in the International High of the future. More information on this trans- Speed Congress (4-6 October in Ciudad Real) and port system is available in our new section In in collaboration with ICEX, in the Smart City World Closing, on page 50 of this issue. Congress (14-16 November in Barcelona).

8 — itransporte HIGH SPEED | EGYPT Feasibility study

Section Luxor-Hurghada

261.98 km

HURGHADA G. Hurghada Station

Under the G.

G. G. Luxor ASWAN G. Red Sea Eye of Ra LUXOR Aswan Station Luxor Qena Station Ineco has completed a feasibility study for the Egyptian G. G. Suhag

government for what, starting G. North Sinai G. The proposed in 2026, could be the country’s high-speed line G. covers 650 km first high-speed line. The entire G. Cairo Suhag G. Sharkia G. G. New Valley between Cairo project covers more than a Helwan G. Minya

G. and Luxor, an thousand kilometres connecting CAIRO the capital city of Cairo with Beni Suef additional 175 km G. Kalyobia ASYUT Luxor, Aswan and Hurghada, 6th October to Aswan, and 262 km G. New Valley Station on the shores of the Red Sea, Fayoum Asyut between Luxor Giza Station at a speed of more than G. Giza and Hurghada, G. Fayoum 230 kilometres per hour. MINYA totalling 1,087 The study was based on kilometres of line G. Behera Minya G. New Valley the general design of the line Station and 6 stations at a scale of 1:25,000, G. Minya G. Beni Suef a demand study and a socio- GOVERNORATE BOUNDARY Section - Luxor Section Luxor-Aswan economic and financial CURRENT RAILWAY (ENR) AIRPORT L=649.91 km 174.87 km G. Matrouh profitability analysis. RIVER

PROTECTION AREAS DECLARED With the collaboration of Carolina Sanz, ineco PHoto_ PROTECTION AREAS PROPOSED Ventura Fernández-Pacheco, civil engineers and Antonio Sancho, architect

ccording to Ancient Egyptian mythology, the god Ra Today tourism, and the activities related to it, have be- In spite of Egypt’s enormous tourism potential, with sailed his ship along the celestial Nile, which corre- come one of Egypt’s most important economic engines, the number of international visitors doubling between Asponded to the great royal river that gave rise to one contributing a total of 12.8% to the national GDP and 11.6% 2004 and 2010, with a record high of 14.7 million foreign of the earliest civilizations in the world. The great temple of of total jobs of the active population. Tourism policy, which tourists, the events related to the Arab Spring in 2011 para- Luxor, dedicated to Ra –as well as to another deity, Amon– to- originally focused on enhancing archaeological tourism lysed this growth trend and caused it to fall to its current gether with the nearby enclave of Karnak, near Thebes, the an- around the Nile, has been diversifying in recent decades to figure of 10 million. In 2010, archaeological tourism at- cient capital of the pharaohs, together with the great pyramids make sun and beach tourism, mainly around Hurghada and tracted 3.2 million visitors in the vicinity of Luxor and and the Sphinx of Gizeh in Cairo, constitute some of the most on the Red Sea and Matrouh on the Medi- Aswan, with 30% corresponding to national tourists and important archaeological legacies that reflect its greatness. terranean coast, one of the country’s biggest attractions. 70% to international tourists. According to the internal The River Nile as it passes through Luxor.

10 — itransporte itransporte — 11 HIGH SPEED | Egypt

The objective of the study was to provide the Egyptian Government with a useful tool for decision making in the implementation of high-speed rail

ness in April 2015, and the feasibility study carried out by Ineco with Adif and Renfe for the north-south corridor, financed from the Fund for the Internationalization of Enterprise (FIEM), are framed. The objective of the study, on which a multidisciplinary team with professionals of different specialities worked for 14 months, was to provide the Egyptian government with a useful tool for Computer rendering of decision making in the process of implementing high a viaduct over the Nile. Railway transport in Egypt, speed in the country. Computer rendering of the cross-section: present and future section of double track over ballast. The study area Egypt, the most populous country in the Arab world with The feasibility study covers the corridor between Cairo and more than 90 million inhabitants (according to United Nations data for 2016), is currently in the process of Luxor, and the areas from Luxor to Aswan and Hurghada. for the Cairo-Luxor connection, the minimum time for the mobility patterns analysed along the corridor, these visitors modernizing and improving its railway, which was the first The proposed high-speed line comprises 650 km between road alternative is more than 7 hours, rail more than 10.5 generated almost 5 million trips in the study area. Approxi- to be built on the African continent, mostly in the second Cairo and Luxor, an additional 175 km to Aswan, and 262 hours, and plane 3.5 hours. The quantification and char- mately 65% of the tourists reached the area through the half of the nineteenth century. km between Luxor and Hurghada, totalling 1,087 kilome- acterization of the mobility in the study area was based on airports in Cairo, Luxor and Aswan, while the remaining According to the national ENR, Egyptian National tres of line and 6 stations: Cairo, 6th of October, Minya, the analysis of the available information and the results 35% came from the Hurghada region on private buses op- Railways, which manages and operates the network, this Asyut, Luxor, Aswan and Hurghada. According to data from obtained from a campaign of surveys and traffic counts. erated by tourist agencies. However, these 2010 statistics network consists of 9,570 kilometres of track, mostly 2015, the population of the study area totalled 13.1 mil- could increase significantly if the country regains political without electrification, with 1,466 km of double track, lion inhabitants (14.9% of the country’s population) and Tourism, the X factor and social stability. 20 km of quadruple track, and the rest single track. The mobility between the different defined areas is estimated The success of the high-speed line will depend to a large speed of passenger trains currently ranges between 90 Aware of their potential and the importance of tourism and 120 km/h. They have three categories and fares at 38.5 million trips a year. In terms of the modal distribu- extent on the recovery and enhancement of international for the economic recovery and development of Egypt, the –first, second and third– and sleeper cars, and transport tion, 29% of the trips are made in private shared vehicles, tourism, which according to the demand forecast model government wants to boost the production sector and is 500 million passengers annually, 1.4 million a day. 28% in private vehicles, 23% by railway, 17% by bus and the would account for between 60% and 80% of the total num- promoting a new model in which high speed enhances remaining 3% by plane. This demand for transport trans- ber of passengers, depending on the scenario. The model There are 705 stations, including 22 large stations. lates into a market of some 4.1 billion Egyptian pounds takes into account three possible demand scenarios, During the last decade, some of the most important One of the main design criteria that stations, such as the Ramses station in Cairo and the annually. In terms of door-to-door travel times, specifically high, medium and low, in two traveller segments: local Sidi Haber station in , have been renovated. and international. In order conditioned the alignment was to The infrastructure, equipment and trains for improving to prepare them, we took safety are also progressively being upgraded: the into account the forecasts minimize crossings over the Nile French firm Thales has been contracted to implement WHAT THE FUTURE HOLDS FOR THE NILE’S HIGH-SPEED LINE modern electronic signage, which, according to ENR, of the Egyptian government already exists on 15% of the lines, and the rolling stock is in terms of GDP growth and the synergies between cultural and leisure tourism, cata- also being upgraded. Stretches studied of the total length of Rolling stock Centralized also analysed different hy- lysing long-distance internal mobility within the country. the stretch. Entry into Traffic Control potheses regarding the re- Cairo-Luxor stretch: service: 2031. Maximum speed of Centre: One, located The Ministry of Transport is studying two large corridors Luxor station. 650 km, double track, 250 km/h, 8-car at Cairo-6th of October covery and development of connecting the capital city of Cairo with Alexandria to the max commercial speed: Luxor-Hurghada compositions, 200 station. international tourism. north, and to the south along the Luxor-Aswan axis and 240 km/h. Structures: stretch: 262 km, metres long and In the most optimistic the Red Sea coast to the east. The implementation of high 47 viaducts (21 km), double track, max a capacity of 534 Maintenance bases: scenario, the Ministry of 4 tunnels (11 km): commercial speed: passengers per train. Six. speed will transform Egyptian rail transport, offering con- 5% of the total length 234 km/h. Structures: Tourism expects to reach 20 nections with total travel times between key points similar of the stretch. Entry 20 viaducts (9 km), Depots and million foreign tourists in to those of air travel, but with more regular service and into service: 2026. 5 tunnels (6 km): 6% Railway systems workshops: Two, 2020, which means an annu- expanded timetables, providing approximately 18 hours of of the total length of the main depot in al growth rate between 2014 Luxor-Aswan Electrification: Cairo, with a daily service, plus punctuality and comfort at more com- the stretch. Entry into and 2026 of 9%, much higher stretch: 175 km, service: 2036. 25 Kv AC workshop for level 1 petitive prices. double track, max and 2 maintenance, than GDP growth for that Egypt receives technical and financial support from commercial speed: Stations: Six: Cairo, Signalling and and a second depot same period. In this context, the European Union to carry out its railway moderniza- 230 km/h. Structures: 6th of October, Minya, telecommunications: in Luxor, with a passenger demand for the tion plans. It is in this context that the collaboration 7 viaducts (485 m) Asyut, Luxor, Aswan ERTMS level 2 and level-1 maintenance high-speed line would be 6.3 and no tunnels: 0.3% and Hurghada. GSM-R. workshop. agreement signed by the Egyptian minister of Transport million per year. In the aver- and the Spanish minister of Economy and Competitive- age scenario, visitor levels

12 — itransporte itransporte — 13 HIGH SPEED | Egypt

T he sTATions One of the keys to the success of high speed lies in the location and functionality of the stations, so the study proposes their location and preliminary design, taking the following criteria into account:

 L ocation outside the city centre to minimize complications and additional costs generated in urban areas (expropriation, tunnelling, vibrations, etc.). In the case of the Cairo station, the viability of the future connection with the Cairo-Alexandria corridor was taken into account.  Accessibility and intermodality with other complementary modes of transport, to guarantee competitive access and dispersion times, minimizing door-to-door travel times. Computer rendering  Development by phases, based on the evolution of of the future Cairo-6th demand in the period taken into account (50 years). The of October station. total area required includes the conditions of maximum development.  Design from modular plans that allow strategies for sustainable growth and minimal disruption of station avoiding mountainous areas and lands with high geotech- operation. nical risk –with high clay, saline or gypsum content– as well as areas with archaeological and environmental protec- a great team. The project was carried out by more than 100  Definition of sizes and types based on the needs of experts from different specializations: transport planning and travellers getting on and off at rush hour, defined by the tion or impacts on farmland. The two intermediate stations –Minya and Asyut– were selected for being the most popu- economy, railway projects, geology and geotechnics, environment demand study and based on international experience, and land planning, tunnels, bridges, architecture and railway systems. A and the specific railway functionality for each location. lated of the route, as well as for their future growth potential IL A V

according to the plans of the Egyptian government. With IR  Dimensioning of functional and operational areas of V the stations and their auxiliary spaces (retail, services, regard to the design speeds, on the corridor between Cairo, The technical feasibility analysis also included the lo- EL facilities, etc.), seeking to provide a level of service Luxor and Aswan, under very favourable topographic con- cation and preliminary design of structures and tunnels, Summing up, it should be noted that the segment with

suitable for the type of line proposed. ditions, the maximum design speed is 350 km/h, while a as well as passenger stations. the best results in terms of socio-economic and financial PHoto_ maximum design speed of 250 km/h was chosen for the As for the operating plan, which is based on the de- profitability is Cairo-Luxor-Aswan. The final report recom-  Proposed type and size of outdoor areas (parking, bus stops and taxi, drop off & pick up areas) based on the stretch between Luxor and Hurghada. mand of the scenarios analysed, the model recommended mends that detailed studies focus on this corridor first, study of methods of approaching and departing from the Once the most favourable alternative was identified, to the Egyptian government is based on trains with a maxi- considering the results associated with the average de- station, suggesting growth that is compatible with the the Ineco team adjusted the alignment in greater detail, mum speed of 250 km/h, mainly for the following reasons: mand scenario as more realistic. In regard to financing, development stages of the station. taking into account the analysis of the geotechnical and lower investment cost, approximately 30% less per unit, the viability of the project would be contingent upon the environmental factors, as well as comments received from and lower operating costs –up to 25% less, based on ex- ability of the Egyptian government to adapt to the proposed the Egyptian government on future areas of development perience in Spain. Also, the conclusions of the demand capital and debt structure, opting for multilateral financing that could interfere with it. The geotechnical quality of the model show that, due to the fact that the travel motive sources in the pre-commissioning phase. In macroeco- are expected to return to 2010 levels in 2026, with annual land of the proposed route is generally medium to high, of the potential passengers is predominantly leisure and nomic terms, it is estimated that during the construction growth of 3.4%, very similar to GDP growth, and 3.3 million except for some stretches, and does not interfere with pro- the value of time is comparatively less than in the case of phase, up to 9,800 direct jobs per year would be generated passengers on the new line. The least optimistic estimate tected natural areas or known archaeological areas. The forced mobility, total travel times achieved with trains with and total production of goods and services would increase places tourist recovery a decade later, in 2036, with annual potential risk of the track interference caused by desert a maximum speed of 250/h would be competitive. As an by 13.9%. Once the line goes into operation, the impact on growth of 1.8%, and 2.7 million high-speed travellers. sand was also analysed, and it it determined that part of example, the Cairo-Luxor connection would be covered in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) would be 2.3%. the track design would use slab track. All these aspects 3 hours, requiring a commercial speed of 240 km/h. The creation of a public enterprise, preferably attached Technical feasibility will be addressed in more detail in later design phases. to the Ministry of Transport, is recommended to manage The technical feasibility analysis is based on the defini- The numbers and operate the high-speed line. This entity would be in tion of the alignment of the future railway infrastructure The study involves development of the high-speed line in charge of the development, acquisition and integration and a comprehensive design at a scale of 1:25,000. For this three phases. The first would include the stretch between of the components of the system, as well as of the overall purpose, different alternatives were studied at a scale of the capital and Luxor, which would begin service in 2026; coordination of the project. Once the line was operational, 1:50,000, and the most favourable one was selected ap- Luxor-Aswan, in 2031 and the route to Hurghada, in 2036. it would evolve into a control and management authority. plying a multi-criteria analysis: the optimal combination The study covered an evaluation period of 50 years (from On its part, the private sector would be responsible for the between factors such as construction costs, technical com- 2021 to 2070), which is the norm in profitability analyses. design, construction and maintenance of infrastructure plexity (evaluated based on the length of structures and The socio-economic and financial profitability models were and systems, the supply and maintenance of rolling stock, tunnels and the type of terrain), environmental conditions based on the inputs derived from the technical design, as well as traffic control and operation of services. –giving particular importance to the preservation of the such as CAPEX and OPEX, as well as on the results obtained As a final recommendation, although the Cairo-Alex- archaeological heritage–, the length of the route and the from the demand model: travellers attracted and mobility andria corridor was not included in the study, the Egyp- travel times obtained from the simulations. matrices with and without the project. It also took into tian government should plan the high-speed network as a The main design criteria that conditioned the align- account the specific conditions of Egypt’s macroeconomic whole, in order to take advantage of the economies of scale ment were based on minimizing crossings on the Nile River, Computer rendering of the Luxor station. framework and potential financing sources and conditions. generated by the more important corridors. ■

14 — itransporte itransporte — 15 Aeronautical | Cape Verde New enlargements of the Sal and Boa Vista airports

Cape Verde, more tourism, better airports Ineco continues its work in the archipelago so that the growing number of international visitors can enjoy the best airport facilities, which are vital to the island country. It will supervise the enlargement of the passenger terminals of the Sal and Boa Vista airports through 2018.

In collaboration with Ginés Navarro, Ángel Toro, aeronautical engineers, and Sergio Fernández, industrial engineer

n 2016, the airports in Cape Verde attract more and more visitors every –four international airports and year, which has boosted international Ithree for domestic flights– totalled air transport. 2,215,892 passengers, 11.5% more Ineco has been working closely and than in 2015. The growth of interna- continuously with the authorities of tional passengers, up 22%, was espe- Cape Verde for 14 years to ensure that cially significant. Tourism is the key the airport network, managed by the engine driving the country’s dynamic public entity Aeroportos e Segurança air-travel market, which already con- Aérea (ASA), lives up to the growing de- tributes a third of its GDP. Cape Verde mand for air transportation. Beginning is an archipelago, a former Portuguese in July 2015 to the present, the com- sal AIRPORT colony, located off of ’s Atlantic pany has been supervising the most In the photo, Ginés Navarro coast, approximately 500 kilometres recent enlargement works of the pas- and Diamantino Monteiro, at the from Senegal, and consists of 10 is- senger terminals of the Boa Vista and Amílcar Cabral international airport on the island of Sal, in front of the lands, seven of which have airfields. Sal international airports, which have new departures building. Its long beaches and natural riches the largest volume of tourists.

16 — itransporte itransporte — 17 A ERonAUTICAL | caPE verde ing which traveller flow is much less, is In the image, Sergio being used to perform works. Fernández and Carlos Alberto Vieira, in front of the terminal of Boa Vista. Boa Vista, character of its own In 2016, Aristides Pereira Airport, in Boa Vista, saw the second largest passenger SAL growth, with a total of 465,049, 10.2% more AIRPORT A SYMBOL than the previous year, of which around The control tower at Sal 400,000 were international passengers. airport is featured on the Traffic has been booming since the inaugu- 200 Escudos Cape Verde currency note, which is the ration of a completely new airport in 2007, most frequently-used note built on the old facilities, entirely planned in the country for small by Ineco, which was also in charge of the transactions. technical assistance of the works. CLOSE TO fifteen years in Cape Verde Ineco has had offices in Cape In 2016, Aristides Pereira Airport, in Boa Vista, saw Verde since 2015. The company’s first works go back to 2003, with the second largest passenger growth, with a total the design and management of he company has drafted the work the works of the new Boa Vista of 465,049, 10.2% more than the previous year projects, which focus on exter- airport, which opened in 2007 and then became international Tnal renovation, enlargement of (see IT7). Since then, a The original design of the facilities, The perimeter area surrounding the hall saturated areas and increased comfort multitude of studies, projects structured around a central outdoor space will be used for staff offices for the airport and quality of passenger service. The and supervision of subsequent around a pond, partially covered by tents, administrator and other companies. improvement works have been construction is being carried out by a makes the building unmistakable and is At the same time, the reformulation of carried out; these include the Spanish consortium (Acciona Infraes- review of the master plans of Sal, intended to offer a pleasant welcome to the current space for domestic departures tructuras-Aberdore), while Ineco, with Boa Vista, Praia and São Vicente, the visitor, thanks also to the materials and passenger control makes it possible to a team of five people, supervises the in 2012, easement studies, used such as limestone and wood. In 2011, increase passport control booths from two technical and economic feasibility works at both airports, each located analysis of night operation in Boa the aircraft parking apron was expanded, to eight. For national and international de- on a different island, Sal and Boa Vista. Vista and São Vicente, etc. a project drafted by Ineco. parture lounge, two new spaces are gener- The work is expected to be completed Now it is the passenger terminal’s turn, ated, separated by a commercial area with by early 2018. which will have 5,332 m2 more space, of independent access and a door between Of the four international airports in Cape Verde, which 1,245 m2 will be used for the arrivals them that can act as a sluice-gate for board- Sal, the most Sal (Amilcar Cabral) is number one with 53% of the area and 4,087 m2 for the departures area ing. In total, the commercial area in the de- international airport (including 1,382 m2 of baggage handling parture lounges has increased by 382 m2. Of the four international airports in total, it is also the one that grew the most in 2016 space). In the international area, passport con- Cape Verde, Sal (Amilcar Cabral) is num- The check-in area currently has six trol has moved from its location and the ber one with 53% of the total, it is also an improvement to the air side façade counters and a lobby area for building ac- number of booths has increased by four, Tourism and airport the one that grew the most in 2016, with towards the aircraft parking apron. This cess that is used for passenger queues. making six in total. The number of baggage enlargements 914,696 passengers, 17.2% more than boarding area includes a new executive With the expansion of approximately claim areas will also be increased from two 2 During the first two decades of this 2 in 2015, according to data from ASA. Of lounge, and 500 m of open-air patio century, air traffic volume, driven by 1,458 m , there will be space for 12 check- to four and the waiting area, currently very these, almost 754,000 were international with a pool area from which the project tourism, has grown steadily, which in counters, plus one for special baggage. saturated, will be expanded. ■ passengers. gets its name: Oasis. has made it necessary not only to To meet this increase in demand, The space that is no longer occupied expand airport areas dedicated to passengers, but also cargo areas, 2 provided for in the Plan that was also by the departure lounges (1,400 m ) has because the hotel sector has developed by Ineco (see IT50), the ad- become a new open-plan area for pas- increased the demand for perishable aptation work of the current terminal sengers after inspection and passport products. As a result, for example, ASA hired Ineco in 2011 to draft The more than 2,000 m2 of new construction building has been undertaken, cover- control, where restaurants and shops the cargo terminal project in Boa 2 include departure lounges and a refurbished ing a total area of 6,464.58 m . To this are located. Vista (see IT38). On the air side, arrivals area that will double the capacity end, a mixed solution has been chosen, The arrivals area is being extended the increase in tourist demand and, BOA VISTA of the existing one. AIRPORT consisting of both remodelling the ex- to the north with new structures that consequently, the size of aircraft, as well as the number of operations, isting areas and building an additional will house the new unified room, with has required the enlargement and 2,022.66 m² of new spaces. Likewise, the double capacity, two new baggage claim renovation of runways and aprons, plan includes actions to improve the areas and a more extensive passport which in turn has affected the operating revenues of non-aeronautical control area. The offices of the author- need to upgrade other facilities. This is the case, for example, at activities at the airport, increasing the ities, such as the police quarters and the São Pedro airport, on the island area allocated for shopping. customs offices, etc., will be located in of São Vicente, for which ASA The former international depar- this new area. commissioned Ineco to perform a location study and a construction tures area has been restructured, giv- In order to increase comfort levels project for a new control tower after ing way to new departure lounges in a and to keep passenger service levels as the enlargement of the runway. new building, around 1,110 m2, built as high as possible, the quiet season, dur-

18 — itransporte itransporte — 19 RAILWAYs | SPAIN Modernisation of San Bernardo Cercanías station

energy efficiency All work focused on improving energy efficiency, through both the design –taking advantage of natural San Bernardo brought light– and the systems. up to date with BIM

main façade The building’s façades, especially the main façade, received a general overhaul to improve aesthetics and energy efficiency. Two emergency exit hatches were also installed and rainwater discharge was improved with the installation of drainpipes and perimeter gutters.

for platforms), the station used to have two entrances at either end of the main façade, leaving a space in between oc- cupied by the cafeteria, which had direct access from outside and inside, and two mezzanine storage areas connected by a walkway. The main hall originally had a ticket office and small commercial area at the centre, which split the natural flow of passengers by breaking the row of turn- stiles and dividing it in two. The interior was illuminated by a large window in the façade –a key feature of the station– and the exposed, sloped roof enhanced and directed the entry of light. After pass- ing through the turnstiles, passengers descended to the platforms via two large lateral access spaces using escalators. The platforms, which also provided access the Seville Metro, were showing their age in terms of the finish and lack of lighting, ineco design for adif design for ineco image_ making them gloomy and unwelcoming places. With approximately 3.5 million passengers a year, the San Bernardo Cercanías he modernisation work on the San tions, while seeking proper and feasible After studying all of the possibilities, station, built in the early 1990s, needed to improve accessibility to its facilities. Bernardo Cercanías station in Se- execution in terms of cost and comple- the decision was made to create a single Tville was carried out while main- tion of the works. The refurbishment also entrance and direct the flow of passen- Ineco engineers and architects worked for Adif on the modernisation taining the services of the station, which included a more rational arrangement gers to a single row of turnstiles; move of this central train station in Seville, through which more than 200 trains and has a high degree of intermodality with of spaces –taking advantage of natural the commercial area, cafeteria and ticket other public transport in the city, such as light– and improved transit and layout of office to the sides of the main hall; and 12,000 passengers pass each day, making it the largest in Seville in terms of traffic Line 1 of the Metro, Line T1 of the tram the main hall. The exterior was also given expand and refurbish the mezzanine and the fourth largest in Andalusia in the south of Spain. system and various bus routes. The main new look that was in line with the interior storage areas and turn them into offices objective of the project was to bring the modifications. for Renfe. This large space was enhanced By Cristina Palmero and Aránzazu Azcárraga, architects; Ana Ibáñez, industrial technical engineer passenger building in line with accessibil- With a total of 4,710 m2 of floorspace with an expansive curved ceiling that lev- and Francisco R. Montón, civil engineer and project manager ity, fire safety and energy efficiency regula- (1,100 m2 in the main hall plus 3,600 m2 itates over it and serves as the main chan-

20 — itransporte itransporte — 21 railways | spain

MAIN HALL

The primary aim To do this, a line to facilitate was to completely suspended ceiling routing. rearrange the main was created to cover In addition, sidewall BIM technology hall, including a new the entire main and flooring finishes makes it possible passenger service hall with insulation were renovated to to view different area, creating a and integrated improve distribution design, material single open space LED lighting, and and organization of ineco and cost options. to facilitate the turnstiles were the movement of movement of users expanded and passengers to both On the right, the Turnstiles in a single row.

_ p h oto existing façade. and passengers. relocated in a single platforms.

nel for light entering through the large tire exterior and interior of the building, serve as a basis for the station’s paramet- ments set out in the Building Regulations window in the façade and also reduces including the main hall, technical rooms ric modelling in a program that supports (CTE DB SUA) and Royal Decree 1544/2007 noise inside by absorbing sound. and platforms. The three-dimensional BIM workflow. of 23 November concerning accessibility. The point cloud provided a virtual replica of the laser scanner automatically measures a This equipment was designed with a sys- station in the project’s computers, enabling it to Accessible platforms large number of points on the surface of New lighting tem to regulate and control each area, be used as a tool for navigation and continuous and new facilities an object in order to generate a data file. and electrical system including a system to take advantage of consultation throughout the project In terms of the platforms, the use of new The points measured by the device are Information from the 3D laser scanner natural light in the main hall. All of the materials for the modernisation and compiled into a point cloud georeferenced was used to improve data collection at proposed work was aimed at improving refurbishment of the entire space was to the UTM coordinates. In this case, the the site. The generated files were used to energy efficiency in the station; for exam- maximised. The suspended ceilings, light laser also took georeferenced photos with obtain data on elevated elements, such ple, the planned loads in the main hall are fixtures and sidewalls were removed and as the diameter of main hall ducts, the lower than the existing loads due to the replaced with a sloped suspended ceil- size of platform grilles and the position reduction of usable area in the main hall ing that collects water from the tunnel Detailed planning of safety and passenger information ele- and primarily the improvement of insula- slab and channels it to the side. This was ments. The work also included the instal- tion of the roof, with the installation of a reclad with cladding with substructure made it possible lation of new systems for the renovation suspended ceiling with integrated insula- fixed to the existing cavity wall, creating to maintain all train of the main hall and platforms. Any that tion, and cladding of part of the exterior a new chamber for water collection. The services during the were in good condition were kept and façade with an external thermal insula- flooring (slip-resistance 3) on the plat- ventilation outlet and intake elements tion composite system. forms and platform edges was removed execution of were adapted to the new suspended ceil- Another improvement in energy con- and replaced. The lighting was replaced by the works ings. Although the platform evacuation, sumption was the installation of venti- a continuous linear LED lighting system use and occupation conditions were not lation programmers on the platforms on the edge of platform. modified, the capacity and condition of connected to a detection and control 1 Fire doors, two new lifts for the plat- a built-in camera and a specific program the emergency exits were analysed during centre, CO detection elements, opacime- forms and new emergency exit doors were then allowed the integrated display of the project stage. ters and thermostats in order to reduce 2 installed, and the electrical system, com- the point cloud and images in order to The electrical system was completely fan operating times. Finally, in the project munications room and electrical panels identify and locate elements, and obtain overhauled, from the station’s transform- stage, the energy certification of the build- were renovated. length and area measurements, among er unit, and including new distribution ing was simulated for reference using the many other functions. The cloud provided boards and halogen-free wiring to bring CE3X v1.3 program, which is recognised by Surveying with a 3D laser scanner a virtual replica of the station in the pro- the installation in line with the 2002 Low the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry New design technologies were used to ject’s computers that could be used as a Voltage Regulations. New lighting was also of Public Works. This study confirmed the create a functional concept that prior- tool for navigation and continuous con- proposed to adapt the system to the new improvements and the existing building’s 1. Point cloud. itizes accessibility and order in the flow sultation throughout the project, and to distribution and the minimum require- classification was upgraded.■ 2. Section of the point cloud of San Bernardo station. of passengers. From the beginning of the Ineco project, BIM (Building Information Modelling), software from Revit was used, CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUILDING and it proved to be a highly useful tool In the image, the conceptual in terms of improving coordination with development of the processes structures and facilities, and generating and actions carried out, a model that would also facilitate rapid pulling out the main façade, understanding by all participants in order the existing interior uses, reorganizing and putting to streamline resolution of design details the uses under a large and issues. As a starting point for model- suspended ceiling and, finally, ling the initial state of the station, a 3D inserting the main façade laser scanner was used to survey the en- and side cladding.

22 — itransporte itransporte — 23 HIGH SPEED | UNITED KINGDOM HS2 line​

The future HS2 high-speed train will bring the lands of Robin Hood and the Peak District National Park (pictured) closer to the country’s capital. HS2 Phase2b Lot2 = High speed between Robin HooD The trains on the HS2 will travel even faster than the arrows of the Medieval English hero and will Birmingham and Sheffield bring to the region and its inhabitants the wealth for which - according to the legend - Robin Hood fought, from his hideout in Sherwood Forest.

The UK government has Midlands-Crewe section (Phase 2A) by Award for Ineco’s design HS2 a few years to 2027 “so that the North awarded Ineco, in consortium of the ‘HS2 Birmingham and Scotland feel the benefits that the with US-based Aecom and Phase 2b Delta Junction’ high-speed rail will bring to the people British company Capita, and populations”. the contract for the Under this agreement, the company preliminary design of civil has consolidated its presence in the United Kingdom, where it has collabo- works and environmental rated in Phase 1 of HS2, between London impact studies for Lot 2 and Birmingham, since 2012, participat- ing in the preliminary design of a sec- of Phase 2B of the HS2 In the image, from left to right, Geoff Kneen, former managing director of Capita; Pablo tion together with the British company high-speed ​​line. The line Ramos, director of the Northwest Capita. The first phase, 225 kilometres will connect more than four account of Ineco and John Longthorne, AECOM’s long, is expected to start operating in director of Bridges and Structures for Europe. million people to the capital the 2026. HS2 will have a high-speed network equipped with state-of-the-art city of London in just way to the south of Sheffield. The UK technology: trains up to 400 metres long, one hour. government has been revealing details carrying a thousand passengers, and of the second phase of the HS2 project travelling at speeds close to 360 km/h, With the collaboration of Patricia Ronda, after a period of negotiations and con- transporting thousands of residents of agricultural engineer, Juanra Hernández sultations with the public through its the North, Midlands and South of the In 2014, Ineco received an award and Jaime Escobar, civil engineers official website, where it provides step- United Kingdom with fast travel times, for its work in designing the ‘HS2 by-step reports on all the projects and smart ticketing systems and other op- Birmingham Delta Junction’. Located he Spanish public engineering decisions taken. timum levels of comfort. In total, it is 14 kilometres from Birmingham, company has been awarded a The new route will link Birmingham expected that 14 trains per hour will run this junction provided the challenge of a wide range of structures and new contract for the high-speed with Manchester and Leeds via two Y- in each direction T highly complex sections, with the line (HS2) that will link London with shaped branches: one heads northwest Consult the interactive map http:// main line coexisting alongside the Manchester and Leeds. Ineco, together towards Manchester with two stations interactive-map.hs2.org.uk/ for updated Birmingham inbound and outbound with US-based Aecom and British com- planned at Manchester Airport and Man- information on the line and stations. lines and the connection to Leeds. pany Capita, will be responsible for the chester Picadilly; and the other branch The work corresponds to Phase 1 of the project, in the Country North preliminary design of civil works and heads northeast towards Leeds via the New station (Phase 1) Section, a 75-kilometre section environmental impact studies for Lot New station (Phase 2b) East Midlands and a spur off the main- The line will feature with two tracks designed for a top 2, a section of Phase 2B of the project arra n b ee ( F l i ck r ) y, line to serve Sheffield. It is estimated Destinations on HS2 services on existing network speed of 400 km/h. The award (Crewe-Manchester and Birmingham- that this new phase will generate be- the new East Midlands was presented by the Be Inspired HS2 Line (Phase 1) Leeds). This work will be carried out tween 48,700 and 70,300 jobs, as well Awards 2013 of Bentley Systems in dra e col Hub stations, in HS2 Line (Phase 2a) the category Innovation in Rail and in a section that is approximately 90 kil- e v as the construction of 5,200 to 7,600 HS2 Line (Phase 2b) Toton, and Sheffield Transit. International recognition of ometres long, from the access to Leeds homes. The rail operations of Phase 2 HS2 services on existing network this excellent project carried out by and extending to the Phase-1 connec- of HS2 will begin by 2033, although the Meadowhall the company’s railway experts.

tion that ends at Birmingham, all the _ s t photos government plans to advance the West

24 — itransporte itransporte — 25 high speed | UNITED KINGDOM

High-speed rail in 12 countries

Ineco has more than 25 years of experience in high-speed rail since its participation in the design and construction of the line between Madrid and Seville which opened in 1992 (see it59).

 In addition to its work on HS2 in the United Kingdom and the 3,000-km Birmingham 1 Nottingham Derby Sheffield AVE network in Spain, it has also been, or currently is, a participant in the construction of other high-speed lines on different continents.

almost as renowned as the Sheriff of towns. For its part, Derby shares the East  It is currently working as part of From Birmingham to Sheffield Nottingham (such as the Boots labora- Midlands airport, which is 23 kilometres a Spanish consortium to design and tory and Raleigh bikes). With more than away by highway, with the metropolitan build 444 kilometres of high-speed rail between Mecca and Madinah in Saudi 300,000 inhabitants and 650,000 in the areas of Leicester and Nottingham. Its Arabia (see IT42); as well as the first A 90-kilometre route suburbs and metropolitan areas, it is monumental past is undoubtedly one high-speed line approximately 1,000 well connected, including the East Mid- of its greatest attractions, reflected in kilometres long between Tehran and full of history lands International Airport, highways, cathedrals, churches and palaces, as Mashhad in Iran; the project for a new trains and trams and a car rental ser- well as spectacular gardens such as high-speed corridor between Delhi and vice managed by the city. The largest bus the Derby Arboretum –England’s first Kolkata (see IT56) and another between The route of the future HS2 high-speed train continues Howrah and Haldia (see IT46), both in service is owned by Not- public park– Kedleston Hall India, and the modernization of the line northwards, connecting the central and eastern regions of tingham City Transport Garden and Elvaston Castle between Ankara and Istanbul in Turkey England to London in less than two hours. It will also connect (NCT), which has 330 Sheffield, Country Park, both next to (see IT46 ). vehicles, 67 routes and mansions located on the towns with a rich medieval past and an important industrial further north,  Some of the company’s many transported 50 million outskirts of the city. legacy. Landscape, cultural heritage, biodiversity, water, noise studies include work in Argentina passengers in 2015. NCT has more than Derby will be 17 kilo- and vibration, and waste are key aspects in defining the project, on projects for a high-speed line has been recognized on half a million metres away from Toton’s between Buenos Aires, Rosario and together with the quality of life of its inhabitants. Cordoba. Ineco has also performed multiple occasions as inhabitants future high-speed station, the UK’s best bus op- the new East Midlands Hub, several studies for a high-speed line between São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro; erator (Route One Large by the A52 highway. in Mexico, a corridor between Mexico Operator of the Year 2016). Nottingham City and Querétaro; in Bulgaria, the he line from West Midlands- in large metropolitan areas on the out- latest technologies. The international air- Castle, the huge market square (Old Sheffield modernization of a line between Vidin Birmingham to Leeds, the right- skirts of the cities. Here we present some port is 16 kilometres away by highway Marquet Square) and nearby Sherwood Bathed by the River Sheaf, Sheffield and Sofia (see IT29); in Kuwait, a hand side of the Y, runs through of the cities that will be served by this and expressway, and has its own train Forest, home to Robin Hood and the fa- is part of the county of South York- high-speed corridor between the Gulf T countries, and in Portugal, provided the wooded regions of the East Midlands section of high-speed HS2 in which Ineco station –Birmingham International Sta- mous 800 year-old Major Oak, along with shire and proudly bills itself as a green assistance for a high-speed line. In and South Yorkshire, lands with towns is participating. tion– with frequent service to the central Southwell Minster Cathedral, are some city due to its many trees. With more addition, the company has worked in founded in the Late Middle Ages that have station, Birmingham New Street. Musical of its tourist attractions. than half a million inhabitants, it also connection with France for high-speed managed to adapt to the changing times Birmingham tradition, gastronomy, sporting events, Nottingham will be approximately stands out for its student atmosphere, lines on both the Figueras-Perpignan through knowledge and technology. The The West Midlands is home to around multi-ethnic culture and commerce, as 10 kilometres by highway and 12.4 kilo- with two large universities that attract and the Vitoria-Dax routes (see IT47).

preliminary design of the civil works and 2.5 million people, half of whom live in well as its legendary universities, are all OB ( F l i ck r ) metres by expressway from the future more than 50,000 young people per year  Lastly, Ineco is also working on environmental impact Birmingham, the UK’s second part of its current identity. R y, high-speed East Midlands hub station in from around the world, and good sports several European projects related to studies must include Birmingham most populous city after Lon- From Curzon Street station you can Toton, where the high-speed rail section facilities, the result of a long tradition high speed, either as an adviser in the each and every one don. It played a decisive role in take the HS2 trains to the south, –ar- will connect to the entire region. in sports such as football and cricket. implementation of the ERTMS system of the elements of the is the second the industrial revolution, a time riving in London in just 49 minutes– to Sheffield is also privileged to be within in European corridors (see IT53) or on other projects such as GRAIL, MOWGLY, overwhelming natu- from which it still maintains 56 the northwest, to Manchester, or to the Derby walking distance of the Peak District; the most populated a n Fee b er e , Al BOSS and OPTIRAILS. ral, geographical, and kilometres of canals, even more northeast towards Sheffield and Leeds. With some 200,000 inhabitants, Derby gardens and the luxurious 18th-century cultural heritage con- city in the than . It was bombed in has a good rail connection that it inher- Chatsworth Palace; and in the city cen- tained in the fields United Kingdom World War II, and after years Nottingham ited from its important industrial role tre, an immense botanical garden with and cities, while en- after of decline, surprised the world Nottingham was also highly prominent in Victorian times. Its central station, its remarkable Victorian glass pavilions. several buses. It is connected by train suring the quality of with a well-designed urban during the industrial revolution, par- m cl ar k ard , ada Derby Station, began operating in 1840 The nearest airport –Doncaster Shef- and highway. life of the inhabitants. London renewal including examples ticularly in the production of lace, and in a Victorian building with an imposing field, originally built for the military– is The inhabitants will be biggest ben- As in other regions of of avant-garde architecture. It it still conserves many beautiful large façade, with only the old clock remain- located 29 kilometres from the city and eficiaries of the north-south connections the United Kingdom, both regions have has bus, metro, tram and minibus ser- industrial buildings from that period, ing today. Formerly the largest rail- saw its first commercial flight in April provided by the high-speed railway line, extensive public transport networks to vices adapted to provide accessibility to along with a commercial tradition that way station in England, it retains good 2005 to Palma de Mallorca. The city, ac- which is expected to be connected to a serve the large population that resides people with reduced mobility using the attracted many international brands S _ Nei l How photo north-south connections and adjoining cessible on foot, has three tram lines and station within the city in around 2033. ■

26 — itransporte itransporte — 27 RAILWAYs | SPAIN Railway integration works in León

Beneath the heart of León The railway integration works that Adif has begun with the collaboration of Ineco will transform the urban environment of the historical city of León and prevent delays caused by the cul-de-sac design of the existing temporary station. Among other works, the project includes the building of a tunnel for a one-kilometre-long section of track, the construction of a pedestrian walkway, and the restoration of the canopy of the old station.

By Javier García de Muro, civil engineer

he railway network in the city of site layout verification reports, of León and the surrounding collaboration on the drafting of Tarea is currently based around projects and preparation of as-built a cul-de-sac station. This means that projects for the completed works. trains to and from Madrid or Gijón The company is also involved in that stop in León are forced to reverse the drafting of the construction and out of the station and use the ‘south- electrification projects. ern link’ in order to continue on their In the first phase of the pro- way, requiring a delay of around ject, which will last for more than twenty minutes. To solve this prob- two years, the old corridor will be lem, Adif has started tunnel works transformed into a tunnel between to provide continuity to the León- concrete walls with Iberian gauge Asturias line along the old railway tracks –scheduled for conversion track that crosses the city to correct to standard gauge– which will con- the station’s cul-de-sac arrangement. nect the existing Iberian gauge track By doing this, trains to and from As- that extends to the west of León’s turias will be able to cross the city temporary station (Line 130 Venta without the need for any reversing de Baños-Gijón Cercanías, Palencia- manoeuvres. León section) with the double track Ineco is in charge of the moni- of the León-Variante de Pajares sec- toring and supervision work and tion (Line 130 Venta de Baños-Gijón management for Adif high-speed, Cercanías, León-Gijón section). The tectos image of león’s new i including the preliminary analysis work will also involve enlargement railway station qu

ar of the selected project, the Super- of the provisional station, construc-

Adif has begun work on a q

a vision and Monitoring Plan, works tion of an underground station with tunnel project to provide b r continuity to the León-Asturias u supervision, geometric monitoring new platform, and creation of a

line along the old railway track. ge_ and coordination of the surveying superstructure and electrification a

im and supervision works, preparation system.

28 — itransporte itransporte — 29 railways | Spain T he platform in detail 1. Geometric  PR01 sleepers: characteristics of the the sleepers to be installed standard platform on ballast will be PR-01 section multi-purpose pre-stressed concrete  Above-ground platform (valid for 1,668 mm and – Gauge 1,668 mm 1,435 mm gauges). The spacing between – Minimum distance sleepers will be 0.60 m. between track centres The total number of this 3.808 m type of sleepers to be – Minimum platform width supplied is 3,605 units. 13.30 m – Ballast shoulder 1.10 m  EDILON EBS-SS 54E1 HR Pol with 25mm – Minimum ballast TRACKELAST STM/RPU/ thickness below sleeper Blue mat, multi-purpose 0.35 m bi-block, in principle, for 54E1 rail and 0.60  In tunnel: objective: to provide continuity to the León-Asturias route metre thick slab. – Minimum distance The aim of the tunnel works initiated by Adif is to provide continuity to the The block is integrated León-Asturias line using the old railway track that crosses the city to correct the between track centres into HA-30 and HM-20 station’s cul-de-sac arrangement. By doing this, trains to and from Asturias will 3.808 m concrete slab. be able to cross the city without needing to perform any reversing manoeuvres. – Vertical height 6.50 m  Type 1 crushed-stone – Minimum horizontal ballast: this track ballast width 10.00 m will be obtained from – Distance between track approved quarries and will centre and concrete side be used for track beds and wall 3.00 m track liftings. A total volume of 3,109.40 2. Track elements: m3 of ballast will be supplied, with 1,554.70 m3  UIC54 rail: the rail to be will be for track beds installed both on slab and and the rest transported ballast will, in principle, be by hopper for track liftings. 54E1, and will arrive on site in long lengths of 270 m or  T rack devices short lengths of 18.00 m. (ballast): a total of The total length of rail to be three multi-purpose track The photo above shows the existing temporary station that will be expanded. supplied is 6,557.96 m. devices will be installed. Design by the architect Fernando Liébana. The photo on the left shows the canopy of the old station building constructed in 1862 and in service until 11 March 2011.

way, providing a connection between the existing population centres on either side of the railway corridor above the new PLANNED WORK underground railway platform. Infrastructure: civil engineering tunnel works  Restoration of the canopy of the old station’s passenger  1,166 metres of track box will be constructed between con- building. The canopy’s metal structure will be restored by crete walls. The 590-metre long section of line will feature a Track superstructure compass the new underground railway track. As part of this cleaning and the application of a protection system. The miss- cover slab that will be constructed using the cut-and-cover  Execution of 1,636 metres of double track. 1,180 metres of extension, a vertical access space will be created with a new ing polycarbonate panels in the western façade will also be tunnel system. The width of the box will range from 10.00 this will be slab track, with the remainder laid on ballast. 3 underground platform. replaced and the lighting system will be renovated. metres at the platform access and exit areas to 18.50 metres in track devices will also be installed.  Reconfiguration and enlargement of the station’s access Installation of the new superstructure: type and reinforcement the station itself. The height of the covered area is 6.5 metres  Demolition and construction of rail facilities and services road: the area will be provided with a taxi stand, bus stop, The new track will be installed on ballast and concrete slab: along its entire length. at the site. kiss&ride area and parking reserved for ambulances and  Installation of track on ballast in the tunnel’s uncovered  Execution of a central platform 9 metres wide and a usable Electrification system emergency vehicles. A new 76-space car park will also be section and secondary track centres. length of 410 metres.  Work will be done to replace the existing track electrification created.  Installation of the 3 track switching and crossing units on  Safety installations in the tunnel, featuring signalling, emer- system and track devices for the access track to the locomotive  The upper slab of the tunnel works will be paved to create ballast. gency lighting and ventilation systems. A total of 5 emergency workshops and to the planned track that will connect the tun- a pedestrian walkway from Avenida del Doctor Fleming to  Installation of EDILON EBS-SS 54E1 HR Pol with 25mm exits have been defined, in addition to access from the station. nel works with the Iberian gauge track that currently allows the station. This walkway will run below the canopy of the TRACKELAST STM/RPU/Blue mat and slab 0.60 metres thick  Regarding drainage, a drainage plan has been drawn up for access to León station (3G). old station’s passenger building and will feature different in the tunnel section. the railway platform, featuring a network of collectors under the Station building covered skylights that will provide natural light and facilitate All track installations will have a conventional gauge of 1,668 mm cover slab. A pumping system with a well will be used to extract  Interior renovation and extension of the current passenger ventilation and extraction of fumes from the underground in phase one, and standard gauge in the future. The total track the water collected by the drainage network and accumulated building: the station will undergo internal modifications to platform. This longitudinal walkway will integrate the space installation length is 3,598.33 metres, of which, 1,274 metres is at the low point. rearrange its layout, and will be extended to the west to en- by removing the barrier created by the existing surface rail- track on ballast and the remaining 2,325 slab track. ■

30 — itransporte itransporte — 31 AERONAUTICAL | internaTional Aeronautical safety studies

The Convention was the seed of the International  The elimination of all accidents (and serious in- Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a specialized agency cidents) is impossible. Mathematics of the United Nations created that same year to promote  Failures will continue to occur, despite the most the safe and orderly development of international civil successful prevention efforts. aviation around the world. The ICAO established, and  Risks and errors are acceptable in an implicitly continues to establish, the necessary standards and reg- secure system, provided they are under control. against chaos ulations for aviation safety, efficiency and environmental protection worldwide. Strengthening the safety of the The levels of safety that global air transport guar- global air transport system is its primary objective. The antees today represent an achievement based on the There are hundreds of factors that could affect airport operations ICAO Global Aviation Safety Plan determination and efforts of the and potentially cause an incident: incorporation of aircraft with larger fuselages, (1998) was developed to reduce the aviation community as a whole. the placement of cranes or a new building in the surrounding areas of an airport, number of accidents regardless of The levels of Safety must be a dynamic pro- the number of flights. safety GUARANTEED cess that is adapted constantly, a runway with an excessive slope, a poor drainage system, a shed or a nearby As the increase in air traffic while maintaining the objectives tree mass, an area with strong winds, etc. There are also strict regulations leads to an increase in the risk of BY GLOBAL AIR TRANSPORT achieved with the goal of achiev- accidents, a progressive improve- today represent ing the lowest possible risk, with- and procedures to prevent and manage each event. ment in safety management has out forgetting the progressive become necessary in order to an achievement adaptation to the changes that By Sara Gª Ramos, mathematician maintain adequate safety levels. Its based on the will be taking place. objective is to progressively reduce determination In this regard, the ICAO docu- the number of accidents regardless ment Procedures for Air Navigation othing in an airport is superfluous. Everything large aircraft that must operate at airports with all of the growth of air traffic, taking and efforts of the Services –Aerodromes (PANS-Aer- is controlled and that is how it should be be- safety guarantees. These constraints generate added into account that: aviation community odromes) (Doc. 9981), first edition N cause, although it impossible to guarantee ab- difficulty to maintain the quality standards that have  No human activity or human- 2015–, details the operational solute safety, risks can be eliminated or mitigated to been achieved. This is a constant effort, and in many designed system can be totally free as a whole procedures to be applied by aero- an acceptable level without causing injury to people cases it is necessary to propose alternatives, for ex- of risks and errors. drome operators to ensure safety, or damage to property. Aeronautical safety studies are ample, aeronautical safety studies that guarantee an designed precisely to consider each and every one of equivalent level of safety. these cases in order to identify, prevent and minimize In general, these studies will be used in cases any risk of accident or incident at airports, either on where the correction of a deviation is not feasible the land side or on the airside. Thanks to this work or is technically, operationally, environmentally or done by the entire aeronautical community, today’s economically excessive, and the safety degradation world air transport has very high levels of safety, and can be overcome by means of procedures that offer is constantly reviewed through an ongoing process of reasonable, practical solutions. hazard identification and risk management. The airport operator, airlines and air navigation The rapid development of new technologies in- providers have their own safety management sys- troduces factors that did not previously need to be tems, but it is of little use if each group pursues its taken into consideration. The advance in business own objectives in a way that is not coordinated with models is focused on the construction of increasingly the other agents involved in the operation. The dif- ferent safety management systems have to be integrated to form part of an interlocking Financial system in which all pieces operate in a syn- management chronized manner.

Bankruptcy International regulations per million departures Accidents In the Convention on International Civil Avia- tion (1944), also known as the Chicago Con- Safety space vention, the main rules of aeronautical law were laid down in order to achieve adequate safety in air transport: at the end of World War Protection Year reason Safety II it was important to review the international Sources: BAAA, ASN, Boeing, World Bank

es management

m agreements on civil aviation in a period of a Catastrophe consolidation and development of the world Acic dents by number of aircraft movements aviation sector, and commercial aviation in The graph shows the progressive decrease in accidents per million aircraft departures since the implementation of the first safety management processes

j source_ Production particular. in the late 1970s. Sources: Aviation Safety Network (ASN), Bureau of Aircraft Accident Archives (BAAA).

32 — itransporte itransporte — 33 aeronautical | international

Risk classification matrix Undershoot to be able to operate, and in the case of The risk matrix is a two-dimensional representation of the safety risk that relates newly built airports or where new run- the severity to the frequency of occurrence for each type of event. ways are to be put into service, this is a prerequisite before opening to traffic. severity a b c d The loss or modification of the certifi- probability catastrophic dangerous significant/ insignificant/ cate will result in the loss or immedi- major minor ate modification of the authorization to admit air transport. The certificate 5 Frequent UNACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE TOLERABLE accredits the ability of both the infra- V eer-off Overrun structure and the operator to carry out 4 Occasional UNACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE TOLERABLE air transport operations. In Spain, the Aviation Safety and especially when it is not possible to fully comply with Security Agency (AESA) is the aviation authority re- 3 R emote UNACCEPTABLE UNACCEPTABLE TOLERABLE ACCEPTABLE the required technical specifications. sponsible for granting the certificate and monitoring It is important to note that the cost (economic, op- any problems or deviations. Within the required docu- 2 Improbable UNACCEPTABLE TOLERABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE erational, environmental, etc.) of any action must be mentation, are the aeronautical safety studies whose balanced against the safety benefit, so as to generate purpose varies from the justification of the fulfilment Extremely the least possible socio-economic impact without com- of the requirements to the evaluation of the deviations 1 TOLERABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE improbable promising the equivalent level of safety. detected. According to Article 15 of the Convention on Inter- Ineco has been carrying out this type of study in national Civil Aviation, all aerodromes open to public Spain for over 10 years, working in air navigation, for use under the jurisdiction of a Contracting State must all airports and heliports in the Aena network, as well provide uniform conditions for all as at other international airports an aeronautical problem, to de- Ineco has been Mathematical studies to aircraft of all other Contracting in countries such as Mexico, Israel termine possible solutions and determine the probability States. Likewise, Articles 28 and Safety must be and Italy. Also, during this period select the most acceptable op- carrying out this of an event 37 of the same Convention pro- a dynamic process Ineco has supported the certifi- tion, without adversely affecting type of study in Spain Risk analysis can be focused quali- vide that each State shall provide cation processes at the airports safety. In short, the purpose of tatively or quantitatively involving in its territory airports, other air that is adapted and heliports of the Aena net- these studies is to: for over 10 years, mathematical models and input by navigation facilities and services constantly with work - guaranteeing results and  Detect the causes of the working for all groups of experts who contribute in accordance with the Stand- the goal of achieving procedures. problem and evaluate the possible airports and heliports their knowledge to the process. ards and Recommended Prac- impact on the safety level. Quantitative models are a set tices (SARPs) developed by ICAO. the lowest possible Aeronautical safety studies  Present alternative means in the Aena network, of analytical techniques based on Airport operators must therefore risk levels The objective of an Aeronautical to ensure the aircraft operations as well as in other mathematical arguments used to have an airport certificate in order Safety Study is to try to analyse safety. international airports assign probability of occurrence  Evaluate the effectiveness of to a given fault or event in order to each alternative. in countries such as evaluate the level of risk associated  Recommend procedures to Mexico, Israel and Italy with a given operation. Matrix for classification of act on the causes and/or dimin- Runway excursion is the most frequency of occurrence (probability) ish the effect or the occurrence of frequent and catastrophic accident the consequences. with respect runway operation. For this reason, a specific Qualitative probability Qualitative definition Mathematical model for the assessment of runway excursion definition To achieve these objectives, the studies are based probabilities has been developed for this type of incident. -3 on a technical analysis. Technical analyses seek to jus- 5 Frequent Likely to occur many times >10 per (has occurred frequently) operation tify deviations based on the possibility of achieving an Severity and Probability Metrics equivalent level of security by other means. In addition, The accident database’s statistical model is based on -5 -3 4 Occasional Likely to occur sometimes >10 and <10 these analyses are generally applied in situations in the collection and processing of accident data in order (has not occurred frequently) per operation which the cost of correcting issues that violate stand- to establish the quantitative relationships necessary to

-7 -5 ards is excessive, but the negative effects on safety evaluate the safety of a system. The creation of a data- 3 R emote Unlikely, but may occur >10 and <10 (rarely occurs) per operation can be overcome by procedures that offer practical and base with statistics on accidents, incidents and events reasonable solutions. and their analysis, makes it possible to determine the -9 -7 2 Improbable Very unlikely to occur >10 and <10 An aeronautical study may be conducted when probability of occurrence for the most frequent events (not known to have occurred) per operation aerodrome standards cannot be strictly met as a re- in an airport.

-9 sult of development or extension. This study is most The tables show some examples as a guide, taking 1 Extremely improbable Almost inconceivable that the event will occur <10 per operation frequently undertaken during the planning of a new into account the international ICAO standard, sever- airport or during the certification of an existing aero- ity classification matrix and probability classification drome. matrix. ■

34 — itransporte itransporte — 35 aeronautical | international airport operation Good coordination of procedures between pilots, ATC and other personnel.

CLIMATOLOGY Visibility, the cloud ceiling, the wind intensity, torrential rains, etc. are factors to take into account. WILDLIFE CONTROL The wildlife that exists within the airport environment, O BSTaCLES especially birds, Both the control can produce towers and nearby serious buildings, as well TRAINING damages. as any other SEMINARS obstacles, must In 2012, Ineco gave a be marked and Safety Seminar with Aena illuminated. Internacional in Mexico. In the centre of the photo, from left to the right, Sara García Ramos, mathematician and author of this article, and Rosario González, aeronautical technical engineer, both from Ineco.

SA FETY FACTORS TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT : In addition to hazards and risks, there are also mitigating and aggravating factors, such as:

 The procedures for coordination between pilots, air traffic controllers and AIR airport staff affect the operation; proper NAVIGATION coordination of these procedures can SERVICES minimize the risks. FIRE Air navigation aids  Wildlife, especially birds, in an FIGHTING is essential in airport airport environment, can cause serious AND RESCUE economic and safety issues. Airports should operations. provide the  Runway design: dimension, shoulders, appropriate strips, strength, signalling, lighting, etc., level of must be taken into account in any possible protection. risk, especially before a runway excursion.

 Airports should provide the appropriate level of fire protection and PRLATFO M rescue, depending on their category. VEHICLES The movement  Air navigation assistance is essential of vehicles in airport operations. Having the and handling right assistance based on the type equipment RUNWAY of operation allowed at the airport must be under CONFIGURATION minimizes potential risks. control at all All risks times. must be foreseen in the design of runways

36 — itransporte itransporte — 37 railways | denmark Renovation of the Danish railway network Denmark, 196 test cases and two pilot lines Spain has 2,150 kilometres of railway lines equipped with the ERTMS system, including 656 kilometres 100% with level 2 ERTMS. Ineco and Cedex’s extensive experience and technical knowledge of ERTMS has made it possible for Banedanmark to rely on the ERTMS Spanish entities to develop the test specification of this system for the Danish track application. In compliance with Banedanmark’s operational By 2023, Denmark will become requirements, Ineco and Cedex produced 196 ge- one of the firstE uropean countries neric test cases that test the ERTMS functions to to have a full, and completely be implemented in the lines. In addition, they have designed the operational scenarios for the two pilot renovated, railway signalling lines (EDL EAST and EDL WEST) equipped by Alstom network. Spanish public engineering and Thales, respectively. These indicate the specific location in the infrastructure at which the devel- company Ineco and the Cedex oped test cases will be carried out. A test scenario research centre have been is a sequence of test cases that reproduce a series collaborating with the Banedanmark of situations that a train could encounter on a jour- ney along a line. They reproduce situations ranging railway infrastructure manager from nominal conditions, such as a commercial since early 2017 on the F-Bane traffic at maximum speed, to severely degraded situations that simulate the different failures that project to upgrade the signalling on may occur in the equipment and its interfaces. the Danish railway network. These test cases and scenarios are applicable for both on-site and laboratory tests. By Beatriz Sierra y Francisco Mayoral, During the month of July, Ineco carried out a industrial engineers first test campaign in the JTL laboratory (Joint Test Laboratory) created by Banedanmark as part of n 2012, Banedanmark launched its Signalling Pro- its renewal programme. This laboratory has both gramme (SP) that includes the renovation of the simulated and real equipment (RBC, on-board Ientire railway network in its territory. The com- equipment, GSMR and GPRS connection, signal- mitment to technology, which will mean replacing ling control point, control centre interface and even all the existing equipment and systems, was ap- a level-crossing). In terms of software, the same proved by the Danish Parliament in 2009 and will in- versions installed on the track are installed in the volve an investment of around 2.5 billion Euros. With laboratory, so many of the functional tests can be the introduction of this new signalling system, the performed more comfortably. Danish government expects to be able to increase Laboratory tests provide a number of advan- the performance and quality of its rail operation and tages over field testing. On one hand they do not serve around 70 million passengers by 2030. have to interrupt the existing commercial traffic, The signalling system to be installed is ERTMS they do not require real trains, and involve fewer level 2 in version 3.4.0 of Baseline 3. This is the Eu- personnel. All of these factors reduce campaign ropean rail traffic management system promoted times, and consequently the cost, of the test phase by the European Commission, which is being im- within the processes to commission infrastructure plemented on the nine core network corridors of the Union. Its objective is to establish a common language throughout the European railway network, Ineco has developed close to a project that brings significant improvements in 200 test cases for the ERTMS railway operation, allowing the internal and cross- border traffic of all trains with greater capacity, im- Level 2 application that is proved safety and lower costs. Since 2015, Ineco has going to be deployed in the been in charge of the supervision and monitoring of Ineco engineers Francisco Mayoral and Alfonso Martínez railway network in Denmark the ERTMS deployment plan on the European core at Charlottenlund station. network corridors until 2020 (see IT53, IT59). between 2018 and 2023

38 — itransporte itransporte — 39 RAILWAYs | denmark interview | Operations Manager for the SP Signalling ProgrammE 014 003 010 007 006 004 005 011 25 26 039 046 002 (Aalborg) 018 002 016 014 012 010 011 006 015 002 906 904 902 006 Brønderslev 011 002 BMM 145 (Aalborg) 001 016 005 012 009 008 001 003 005 007 009 021 023 001 007 01 3 IXL 002 IXL 003 Lindholm Sulsted 004 017 004 009 013 KP 272,065 022 PSA-Bl-001

026 020 031

Hirtshals 024 033 Hjørring 76 95 99 011 035 013 noelia medrano

012 010 006 Vrå 011 002 034 032 030 009 PSA-Hj-001 016 017 008 021 004 027 002

012 006 001 003 007 001 003 005 007

004 009 019 023 029

018 015 014 025 ❝ OSP3 138 We plan well in advance to avoid 008 009 004 004 009 122 Sindal Kvissel

016 014 012 002 012 003 010 008 007 002

Tolne 001 003 005 007 010 011 006 001 005 006 011 01 -0 h 2 -F 0 A -0 ❞ S 80km/hh TSR 3 P -F 00 A - S h TSR1 affecting commercial activity KPs 314.000 –- F316.000 P A TM4 OMA5 032 S P TSR4 021 036

60km/h TSR 034 023 025 KPs 325.000 – 328.000 038 OV3 With more than 15 years of experience in railway signalling, Noelia Medrano 028 45km/h TSR 040 KPs 326.000 – 327.000 017 PSA-Fh-004 08a 027 048011 046 013 030 015 026 033 039 010 Frederikshavn (Madrid, 1978) has been in Banedanmark, Copenhagen for 2 years, and is responsible for 173 058 056 054 007052 050 031 008 053

041 006 051 001 003 005 009 037 PSA-Fh-008 043 049 the functional and operational field tests on all the lines in the country.

018 002 047 Permanent Shunting Area Marker Board 045 004 069 Stabling Half-barrier level crossing 067 Big Metal Mass Full-barrier level crossing 016 065 Features of the The Danish Network Level Transition IXL Transition Border 014 063 012 061 F-Bane project (F-bane + S-bane) The figure shows a representation of scenario 7 in the EDL WEST equipped by Thales. This initial campaign on the EDL WEST railway ETCS baseline 3 2,700 trains/day line will be followed by another on the EDL EAST. maintenance release 1 40,000 daily departures Modern network with a + 190 million passengers centralized signalling system + 15 million tonnes transported W hat benefits will the new Is it complicated to 2 infrastructure contracts Lines: 2,132 km / Tracks: 3,240 km ERTMS signalling bring? adapt to high speed? All on-board equipment Bridges: 2,342 Passengers will enjoy improved The topology of the existing GSM-R voice and GPRS Signalling control points: 480 punctuality, increased capacity lines is not the most appropriate Specific transmission module (STM), Stations: 307 Danish and Swedish Level crossings: 1,096 and shorter trips on some lines. for the implementation of high Traffic Control Centres By 2030, we expect to double the speed. On many of them there are New operational rules number of passengers and reduce a large number of level crossings, delays by 80%. In addition, we will crossings for pedestrians or cat- have a more safer and better con- tle, etc. All this requires a large

neco trolled network with real-time in- number of people and organiza- I formation and more economical tions involved to ensure safety maintenance. In short, there are during testing. For example, un- only advantages! til the level crossings are fully tested, police presence may be re- What are the major challenges quired during the tests to ensure F. Mayoral / Mayoral F. HOTO_ f of the Signalling Program with that no vehicles cross the road. Copenhagen Central Station. regard to ETCS? Although a priori it seems simple What is the main objective or trains on a specific infrastructure. Consequent- because there are only two sup- of the JTL? ly, the objective is to replace as many field tests as pliers involved and the network The Joint Test Laboratory is de- possible with laboratory tests, reducing field tests seems small compared to other signed to run the largest number to a minimum. In this sense, the test campaign European networks, this is the first of tests prior to on-site testing, carried out by Ineco allowed the verification of the project that will put ETCS Baseline and minimize the risks and the real possibilities that the laboratory can provide to 3 into operation. On the other hand, cost of the field testing. reproduce the different situations that may occur most of the lines under renovation in the normal operation of the trains on the track. currently have commercial opera- Who uses the JTL and what kind The current support contract for the Danish rail- tions that must be maintained. This of tests are performed? way signalling programme includes other activities means that both the installation The suppliers –Alstom and such as developing validation infrastructure strate- work and the track test phases have Thales– and the SP testing de- gies for the upcoming lines to be put into operation. to be planned very early, around six partment are the ones that work This is the definition of the subset of test cases to months prior to the work, in order in the JTL. The suppliers are re- be performed, depending on whether or not it is to interfere as little as possible in sponsible for demonstrating the A great expert a new type of train to be put into operation on an the commercial operation. Currently the Operations Site Test manager of the integration of their subsystems already operational track, or if, on the contrary, it is Fjernbane Project, on which Ineco is collaborating. (e.g., RBC, IXL, and TMS), while the same type of train that will run on a new track What systems are affected Previously, she was responsible for ERTMS and CBTC BDK is the final integrator and but one that is designed with the same principles by the renovation? Testing at General Electric, for 3 years in Paris, and is therefore responsible for end- responsible for the development of ERTMS Level 2, at as an infrastructure that is already in operation. In addition to the new signalling Dimetronic (now Siemens), for 11 years in Madrid. to-end testing to demonstrate Banedanmark intends to upgrade its infrastruc- (new points, axle counters, inter- For Noelia it has been very enriching to work in different the behaviour of all of the sub- ture from the current ERTMS version 3.4.0 to 3.6.0 lockings, GSR-M, RBC, etc.), other countries, since although the ETCS system is a standard, systems together. In addition to the way it is applied is different for each operator. which is already available in European specifica- programmes are being carried out functional and integration test- tions. Ineco will also support the update of the test on some lines, such as the catenary ing, much emphasis is placed on specifications to this new version. The map shows the ERTMS deployment plan on the main and installation or civil engineering activities. The entire fleet of operational testing, i.e. how the end user (a driver or operator) regional railway lines, and the commissioning dates. commercial and freight trains will be also upgraded. uses the system. ■

40 — itransporte itransporte — 41 PLANniNg | spain Feasibility studies about logistics terminals

Logical logistics The cars we drive, the clothes we wear, and the fish we eat reach us by means of a process known as the supply chain, in which efficient and well-planned logistics centres play a fundamental role. Ineco has extensive experience, both in Spain and internationally, in technical and economic feasibility studies of this infrastructure that is vital for the transport of goods.

ITRANSPORTE, in collaboration with civil engineers Esther Durán and María López-Mateos x te i nd DHL i o_ o_ t t ho ho p p

hen you feed your pet, buy tres, the hubs of the supply chain: they a bouquet of fresh flowers, receive large volumes of goods and are Wdress a salad or fill up your modal interchange points, where the vehicle, you are at the end of a long chain cargo goes from one mode of transport that could have begun far away. Some to another, from one phase of the supply la

products –certainly those such as flow- vi chain to another; for example, bulk car-

ers– will have arrived from their place of ra go is packaged, if it is solid, or distrib- vi

origin by air; others, such as salt, animal el uted in trucks or tankers if it is liquid. o_ feed or fuel, may have arrived by sea, t Located at road and rail nodes, air- CONTAINERS, THE KEY FOR THE ho

road or rail. p ports and ports, logistics facilities can TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS But in all cases, in order to satisfy provide different services, depending The containerization of cargo saves space and facilitates modal interchange, mainly the needs of the end consumer, these The logistics chain covers various on the type of centre in question: from from sea to land, thanks to the standard products need to travel through the sup- economic sectors and all stages of pro- simple modal interchange to services dimensions of the containers, generally 20 ply chain in the best conditions of safety duction and distribution, from the sup- for the storage, distribution and con- feet (6.1 x 2.44 metres). These dimensions and quality, and in the shortest time ply of raw material to the arrival of the solidation of goods (bringing together are used as a unit of measurement of the load capacity of ships, the TEU, acronym of possible. The World Trade Organization finished product to the end consumer. cargo from different suppliers that has Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit, the capacity emphasizes that logistics is particularly In this complex network land, sea and the same destination reduces costs), of a standardized container. In 2016, crucial “for the electronics and pharma- air transport infrastructure is especially sanitary control and customs, label- almost 15 million TEUs of container goods ceutical sectors, fashion garments and important, and they must also be in- ling, packaging, parking, administrative passed through 46 Spanish ports. In the photo, the Abroñigal terminal in Madrid. motor vehicles, where time is an im- terconnected as efficiently as possible. management, electronic traceability, Photo_PABLO NEUSTADT portant factor.” This is the function of transport cen- procedures and permits, etc.

42 — itransporte itransporte — 43 planning | spain

E- cOMMERCE, the next big logistical challenge loits g s ic centres in Spain E-commerce is growing at an annual rate of 24% in Spain, and operators such as Correos believe that this The freight transport sector is of great importance to the economies of countries, because of its capacity to generate is only the beginning: even though internet sales already represent 8.7% of retail trade, 80% of the sector employment and wealth. In Spain, according to official data, logistics and transport contribute approximately 5.5% of the Gross still does not sell on-line. The logistics and transport employer’s organization (UNO) also recognises that Domestic Product (GDP) and employ more than 850,000 people. The Ministry of Public Works, in ‘Spain’s Logistics Strategy’, this increase has exceeded all expectations. In 2016 the logistics sector saw a 13% increase in contracts, classifies logistics centres as follows: In order for the transport chain to but the challenges it faces are enormous: multiple deliveries within ever tighter deadlines, which have flow, and keep logistics costs –which gone from two to three days to two hours in the case of some distributors such as Amazon (the photo  Road transport generating more than On the other hand,  Air freight centres: shows their centre in San Fernando de Henares, in Madrid) or El Corte Inglés. Logistics companies agree according to the World Trade Organiza- centres: these have a 35,000 direct jobs, the Logistics Activity these are industrial that new distribution strategies are needed, especially in the final phase of delivery, known as the “last tion can account for 20% of the total logistics department and a further 110,000 Zones (LAZ) are linked and service zones mile” such as the use of smaller and more agile distribution vehicles, bicycles or electric vehicles, and new cost of production in the countries and a department for indirect jobs. to sea ports and are located around major technological developments that optimise distribution routes for multiple orders. of the OECD– from going through the providing services for dedicated to the airports. Depending It is managed under a storage distribution of roof, logistics areas and terminals people and vehicles, on their size, they administrative landlord model: the public goods and other value- can have multiple must have sufficient capacity to meet centres for transport sector is the owner of added services. These terminals, where the demand and be strategically situ- companies and freight the infrastructure, which usually have complex different companies it cedes to the private ated in the territory, as well as correct- contracting centres. o management models from the aeronautical In Spain there are sector, which acquires involving various public and other sectors can ly dimensioned and managed. Since arr 80, including the v and maintains the and private agents. Of operate. They often

these are large and complex facilities, na superstructure and deals particular interest are

Transport Centre of n have business centres they require major investment to build Gijón, the Transport á with port operations the LAZs in Algeciras, and other services. and the employment of

them or to expand existing ones. City of Navarra and erm Valencia and Barcelona. These are currently the Transport City of g labour. managed by Aena, the But this is only the first step: the o_ Santander. In most t In 2016, according to Dry ports: intermodal state airport operator. key is to determine whether they will ho freight terminals are cases, these are p the Ministry of Public be profitable in the long term, which managed by a single located inland and The goods that are management and the Works, Spanish ports requires the rigorous analysis of all administrative board are connected to one transported by air are provision of services to exceeded their all- foreseeable costs, expenses and rev- and private partners. time record, handling or more ports by the very specific, and are business users. railway network. They enue. To do this, several factors must 507.7 million tonnes characterised by their The type of freight In Spain, rail is used mainly of freight, more than offer the possibility low volume and high be taken into account, such as esti- transported by road of conducting customs to transport steel products half of which was solid added value: these mated traffic, land prices and financial is heterogeneous, controls on goods and materials (coils, bulk (cement, coal, include live animals, covering both raw upon arrival at the formulas, among other things, which steel, rails, pipes, etc.), grain, minerals, etc.) cut flowers, perishable materials, as well facility, rather than will reveal whether the project will wood, paper, solid bulk or liquids, the most products such as as finished, bulk or at the seaport, which seafood, valuable be profitable or not. Hence the rele- (coal, cement, cereals) important being oil, packaged products. speeds up operation. and liquid bulk (fuels, and the rest, general goods, express parcel vance of this type of study, covering They mainly move services, fashion items According to statistics chemical products), goods, most of which operational, technical, economic and containerized cargo. (the Inditex Group in from the Ministry of containerized cargo and is carried in containers, Zaragoza is a prime financial aspects, as a basic decision- Public Works, in 2016 automobiles. However, which, also in line

DHL example), etc. making tool for project developers, the largest volume its share in the freight with world trends, o_ both public and private. of goods transported transport sector is very reached a record of t The most important small (around 2% of the almost 15 million ho by road in Spain p air freight centre, TEUs. Containerization Ineco’s experience corresponded to raw tonnage) and less than according to Aena or processed minerals the European average. In of cargo saves space statistics, is the airport Since the 1990s, Ineco has performed and facilitates modal and construction total, in 2016, more than of Barajas, Madrid, interchange, since the a multitude of feasibility studies, both materials (417 million 28.5 million tonnes of which with almost different transport inside and outside Spain, for all types tonnes), followed goods were transported 416,000 tonnes in modes and systems of transport infrastructure projects by food and fodder by rail, virtually all 2016 (9% more than are adapted to the (245), machinery, within Spain. Intermodal the previous year) related to goods, both new construc- standard sizes of the vehicles, and other traffic accounted for accounts for more tion and expansions and renovations, containers. manufactured items nearly nine million than 50% of national including multimodal corridors, busi- tonnes. (251), agricultural The port logistic air freight traffic, products and live ness parks, industrial areas and logis-  Port logistics centres: facilities include the followed by Barcelona- animals (158, a figure tics terminals. As a peninsula, Spain is rail port terminals, El Prat, with almost similar to the ‘other The latter include the projects car- the European country which connect to The main Spanish dry 133,000 tonnes, goods’ item), and with the longest the railway network. ports are Azuqueca de 13.5% more than ried out in recent years for the Spanish petroleum products, coastline (more 7,800 These include the Henares, in Guadalajara; 2015. The Zaragoza Ministry of Public Works and several 57. In total, nearly 1.3 kilometres) and has terminal in Spain’s the Dry Port of airport, which like ) billion tonnes. Regional Governments, such as the a i 46 ports, governed by largest port in terms Coslada, in Madrid, the one in Vitoria, Basque Country, Andalusia, Asturias  Rail freight 28 port authorities of volume of goods, which connects by specialises in freight, ped i

and Castilla-La Mancha, planning the k terminals: Madrid- coordinated by the public Algeciras, and others railway to the ports is in third place with Abroñigal, León body Puertos del Estado. in Alicante, Valencia of Valencia, Algeciras, almost 111,000

construction of several logistics areas z (wi

e Mercancías and 58% of exports and 74% or Barcelona. The type Barcelona and Bilbao, tonnes; it had the in their territories. áñ Zaragoza-Plaza. State- of imports pass through of management is and the Sea Terminal biggest growth in b Also in Spain, in 2010 Ineco i o owned to date, in most these ports, arriving and generally established of Zaragoza. Several 2016 with an increase

carried out a feasibility study for the ar cases, the Spanish departing for distribution by an agreement agents are involved in of 29%. The three v l

new business park of the Foronda Air- á rail infrastructure by road (93%) or rail. between the different their management, both centres operate 24

o_ administrator, Adif, Port activity accounts port authorities and public, such as the port hours a day, seven port (Vitoria) in the Basque Country, t the railway manager. ho assumes both the for 1.1% of Spanish GDP, authorities, and private. days a week.

which specializes in air freight, and p

44 — itransporte itransporte — 45 INECO 215x280 sep 2017 english.pdf 5 05/10/2017 12:15:20

planning | spain

We are Spain’s keyso t tHE feasibility of a logistics terminal air navigation A feasibility study of an the distribution model, is 4b. Technical and railway intermodal logistics terminal prepared. It is usually taken operating conditions: includes the following: into account that expected rail connection type of service provider demand will not be reached the terminal, gauge, before that, several projects related 1. Analysis and diagnosis in the first year of operation, electrification, etc. to the intermodal logistics platform of the current situation: which is considered an 4c. Design of the in Zaragoza (PLAZA) that connects the socio-economic initial maturation or ramp-up characteristics of the study intermodal and logistics air, land and rail transport (see IT26 period. area are examined, as well area. and 35). Between 2011 and 2012, on as the existing transport 4. Analysis of the technical 5. Analysis of the behalf of the Ministry of Public Works, infrastructure, its main feasibility of the terminal: economic feasibility of centres and production the company analysed the rail connec- 4a. Functional analysis: the terminal: different sectors, the current demand tions of the Spanish ports, the exist- an intermodal logistics economic scenarios are for goods, and possible ing traffic and the improvements that terminal is usually made up considered and modelled, effects on the environment. of two distinct functional and the investments, costs were required (see it41). Finally, a diagnosis is areas: and operating revenues Overseas, Ineco is currently per- prepared. are calculated. The main forming the feasibility study of the • Intermodal area: 2. Territorial and transport parameters of profitability future logistics platform ‘Zona ILCO’ this area includes the system planning: the intermodal rail terminal and of the project (TIR, VAN, in the region of Santo Domingo de los national or regional associated services. This is etc) are obtained as a result Tsáchilas in Ecuador. Furthermore, in documents that relate to the zone where the goods of this economic modelling. the infrastructure planning, 2012, on behalf of the Ecuadorian Gov- change their method of 6. Terminal development Committed as well as the urban soil ernment, it concluded the 2013-2037 transport. and management models: classification are studied . Strategic Mobility Plan, analysing all of • Logistics area: they depend on the the country’s transport infrastructure 3. Estimation of the future dedicated to handling development strategy, the C demand for goods: an goods and other specific land regime, the complexity from the intermodal point of view, and M estimation of the growth distribution activities, as and profitability of the proposing, among other possibilities, in traffic, as well as the well as the storage and initiative, and the applicable Y the construction of new ports and the possible modification of consolidation of freight. legal framework. extension of a landlord management CM model similar to the one implemented MY

in Spain were included (see IT48). INECO AND CY In 2012, the company carried out LOGISTICS In recent years CMY

an economic and financial study in la the company has Colombia to determine the profitabil- worked on logistics vi K to our customers ra

ity of adapting the Santiago Vila Air- infrastructure projects vi port, in the city of Flandes (Tolima), NEUSTADT PABLO in Spain, Ecuador, el o_ o_

t Colombia, Nicaragua t for international air freight (see IT49). ho and Kuwait. ho In Medellín, in 2010, Ineco concluded p p a technical, legal and financial study to determine the feasibility of the reopening of the old railway line of Valle de Aburrá and adapting it for the transportation of passengers, goods and solid urban waste (see IT37). In Latin America it also carried out a feasibility study of the Corinto–Mon- key Point Multimodal Railway Corri- dor, Nicaragua (2013), which included the preliminary designs and align- ment of two rail port terminals and a multi-modal terminal near the capital, Managua. Other recent international work includes the 2012 project for the Public Authority for Industry (PAI), of to society Kuwait (see IT48): the company car- la

ried out the conceptual design and vi

provided comprehensive advice for ra vi

the tendering process for the project el

2 o_ and work on a new 5,000 m industrial t ho

area to the southeast of the capital. ■ p

46 — itransporte itransporte — 47 Brand Spain | sport

The Gasol brothers javier fernández ruth beitia

marc g orni s márquez o_ harpa t

pho garbiñe women’s o_ zhem chu g / f lickr b ull o_ red topher john s on / f lickr o_ chri s topher t t

mireia belmonte t basketball team muguruza pho pho pho

Of all the sports figures, Rafael Nadal stands out as one of silver medal in Beijing 2008 and London 2012, and the bronze the all-time best for his impressive array of trophies, including medal in Rio 2016. 16 Grand Slam titles. He is the tennis player with the most Madrid’s Javier Fernández is another athlete who has bro- victories of the French Open (10), the most important tennis ken moulds in ice skating, a sport that is not especially well championship on clay, and has two Olympic gold medals, 30 rooted in a Mediterranean country like Spain. World champion Masters 1000 tournaments and 4 Davis Cup victories with in 2015 and 2016, five-time European champion in 2013, 2014, the Spanish team. In addition to his sporting career, fans and 2015, 2016 and 2017, and national champion multiple times, he Chosen the general public praise his attitude and professional eth- is the best skater in the history of Spain and is ranked number ics, which are fundamental values in the sport. His sporting four in the international classification after the World Cup 2017, quality and international projection place him in the select held in Helsinki. group of great world-renowned Spanish athletes, such as the Motor sports have also produced world-famous figures such for glory golfer Seve Ballesteros, who died in 2011, or the cyclist Miguel as rally driver Carlos Sainz, world champion in 1990 and 1992; Induráin from Navarre, now retired, a five-time winner of the Formula One driver Fernando Alonso, and MotoGP rider Marc Spaniards shine atop the podium of today’s international Tour de France and two-time winner of the Giro d’Italia, which, Márquez, who at just 24 years of age, has won World Motorcycle Rafa Nadal, swimmer Mireia together with the Vuelta a España, constitute the three world’s Championship titles in three categories: 125cc (2010), Moto2 sports, including tennis player

g ra f ia s ência Bra s il Foto o_ Ag three major cycling competitions. Other figures have followed (2012) and three-time world champion in MotoGP (2013, 2014 t Ruth Beitia, F1 driver Fernando Belmonte, high jumper in his wake, such as Alberto Contador, who has confirmed and 2016). Other champions that must be noted in this section pho Alonso, the national women’s basketball team his retirement but was the first Spanish cyclist to win three include: Jorge Martínez Aspar, Sito Pons, Álex Crivillé, Dani Grand Tours in stages. Pedrosa, Jorge Lorenzo, Pol Espargaró and Maverick Viñales, or skater Javier Fernández, among others. In basketball, the brothers Pau and Marc Gasol, both NBA among others. Special mention should be made of the recently By itransporte players (the former currently with the San Antonio Spurs and deceased Angel Nieto, a pioneer in this sport in Spain with his the latter with the Memphis Grizzlies) are the most interna- ‘12+1’ world championships. tionally known figures. Since the 2006 World Cup in Japan, the Lastly, there is Javier Gómez Noya, a Spanish professional national team, with its unrepeatable generation of players, has triathlete, a five-time world champion and silver medallist rafa nadal won medals in several European championships, the Olympic in London 2012. ■

Football’s honour roll Men’s 11.4 million followers on Spain also excels on the global Football team Twitter, while Madrid has more stage of football, one of the than 200 fan clubs and 24.7 most popular spectator sports, million followers. Members especially in Europe, Africa and of both teams were Latin America. It is also booming part of the national team in , and particularly in the that won the 2010 World Middle East, where the World Championship held in South Cup will be held in Qatar in Africa, another milestone 2022, and in countries such for the national sport. pain’s first Olympic Games, held in Barcelona in 1992, has won a total of 26 Paralympic medals; high jumper Ruth Beitia, as China, where it is estimated The teams in the Spanish marked a milestone for Spanish sports. The 22 medals first Spaniard to win an Olympic gold medal in track and field; ten- that there are over 100 million league have won the most followers of Real Madrid, and as well as the organizational success bolstered the inter- nis player Garbiñe Muguruza, winner of the French Open (2016) European competitions, well S Japan, the country that is home above those from the English, national image of a country that had been fighting to integrate and Wimbledon (2017), and the first Spanish Olympic badminton to the multinational Rakuten, German and Italian leagues. which sponsors FC Barcelona. itself into the modern world. Today, 25 years and 6 Olympic champion, Carolina Marín, also two-time world champion, and Spain has two of the best known 2016 reached 620 million euros, The television audiences for the games later, the list of athletes and teams that have reached three-time European champion. Some of the best teams include the These are just a few examples and most international football income obtained from the summer final of Europe’s top competition, the top tier in the world of sports –and not only in the area of national basketball and rhythmic gymnastics teams, both current that demonstrate the reach of a teams: Barcelona and Real Madrid, tours overseas and the sale of the Champions League of 2017, which are also considered the merchandise, and both clubs have the Olympics– is a long one. Olympic runners-up, among others. In recent years, the national sport that at its maximum level, totalled around 350 million moves millions of euros, from the richest clubs in the world, along growing numbers of followers on people in 210 countries, three It is important to emphasize the presence of women, such synchronized swimming teams have also achieved great success, signing of players to the revenues with England’s Manchester United. the five continents: Barcelona has times more than the Superbowl as swimmers Mireia Belmonte, gold medallist in the 200-metre with names such as Gemma Mengual and Ona Carbonell, as well as and the television audiences. The turnover of both clubs in 117 fan clubs outside Spain and (111.3 million viewers). butterfly in Rio 2016 and Budapest 2017, and Teresa Perales, who athletes in rhythmic gymnastics, sailing, water polo and handball.

48 — itransporte itransporte — 49 in closing | Deputy Director General of Cooperation and Innovation at Ineco What you Rocío Viñas Tormo ❝We will approach the Hyperloop the same don’t see way we approached high speed❞ Ineco’s head of Innovation did not hesitate to lend her support the young Spanish team also matters that competed in the global competition organised this summer by Hyperloop One. Because behind every great

Madrid-Tangier infrastructure, there is always in Hyperloop a great engineering company. Rocío Viñas has a degree in Law, a Diploma in Business Sciences and a Master’s in Tax Law (CEF) and has been supporting Span- ish industry in international markets for 20 www.ineco.com years. At Ineco, –where she arrived from the department of Infrastructure, Health and ICT at the Spanish Institute of Foreign Trade– she has been collaborating with Primex in its participation in the Hyperloop One Global Challenge. The aim of the pro- ject is to demonstrate the economic, po- litical and social benefits of a connection between Madrid and Tangier using Hyper- loop technology. Developed by a team of more than 25 people from the University- Enterprise Foundation (FUE in Spanish), it was one of the 35 semifinalists from the more than 2,600 projects submitted, and elvira vila _ elvira photo the route between Madrid and Tangier is one of the nine selected by Hyperloop One It will eventually become profitable. for its international competition. Will we go from high All revolutionary technology has 1 Hyperloop technology promises to add a speed to Hyperloop? transformed societies, and new busi- radical twist to transportation around the We will enjoy both technologies; nesses will even emerge. world. The first tests in the United States they are compatible. of the capsule levitating within a vacuum tube have been so encouraging, that they 5And politically? are getting closer and closer each day to Are Spain’s Disruptive technologies transform travel speeds of up to 1,200 kilometres per 2 hour. The project received the support of engineers ready? the world and don’t stop at political the Ministries of Public Works and Environ- Of course. Spain is a leading country barriers. If we create these barriers, ment, the Ministry of Transport, Housing in transport and infrastructure and other countries will move ahead of and Infrastructure of the Region of Madrid, has extensive experience in PPPs, the us. the Moroccan Embassy and the Al Akha- possible model of Hyperloop One. wayn University.

6Now we won’t be able to 3How is Ineco contributing look out the window… to the Primex project? We’ll have both options. We supported them in Amsterdam because they’re good and they sub- mitted a good project. 7So has the revolution arrived? It will be a reality. There are scientif- 4CONNECT EUROPE AND ic companies and teams around the AFRICA... IS IT AN ECONOMICALLY world investing funds and time to PROFITABLE DREAM? make it possible. ■

50 — itransporte itransporte — 51 14-16 NOVEMBER 2017 www.smartcityexpo.com BARCELONA #SCEWC17

EMPOWER CITIES EMPOWER #theEventforCities PEOPLE

Ineco present with ICEX at Espacio España

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