2021 Annual Meeting
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University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation
A SYSTEMATIC SCOPING REVIEW OF COMMUNICATION-BASED STUDIES ON CANCER PREVENTION AND DETECTION IN BANGLADESH By AANTAKI RAISA A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN MASS COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2019 © 2019 Aantaki Raisa To my mom, sister and mentor, whose unconditional love, support and guidance have brought me where I am today, including the completion of this thesis ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Janice Krieger, my mentor, my advisor, who has taught me to be my best version, and inspired me to try relentlessly to excel. My gratitude is extended towards my thesis co-chair Dr. Carma Bylund, who has been my North Star, providing me directions in the very maze-like world of systematic reviews. I could not thank Dr. Frank Waddell enough, who took the time and effort to guide me through my thesis with his feedback, challenging insights and positivity. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Reza Salim. I am forever in debt to him as he had introduced me to the world of translational science and to Dr. Krieger, where it all started for me. Finally, I would like to thank Taylor Thelander, a fellow master’s student, who came into my rescue to co-code within a short notice. I would also like to thank Dr. Alyssa Jaisle, who kept me accountable with my daily writing goals. Last but definitely not the least, I want to shout out to my STCC family, who has been a pillar of strength, support and love in my journey. -
Study Protocol – 24 March 2020
An Open-Label, Parallel Study to Assess Tobacco-Related Biomarkers of Exposure, Biomarkers of Potential Harm, and Nicotine Uptake During a 56-Day SwitcH to mybluTM e-Cigarettes in Adult Smokers NCT# 04019626 Study Protocol – 24 March 2020 An Open-Label, Parallel Study to Assess Tobacco-Related Biomarkers of Exposure, Biomarkers of Potential Harm, and Nicotine Uptake During a 56-Day Switch to my blu™ e-Cigarettes in Adult Smokers Sponsor Project No.: NER 01/001 Project No.: CA22747 Final Protocol: 28JAN2019 Protocol Amendment 1: 23APR2019 Protocol Amendment 2: 17MAY2019 Protocol Amendment 3: 24MAR2020 GCP Statement This study is to be performed in full compliance with the protocol, Good Clinical Practices (GCP), and applicable regulatory requirements. All required study documentation will be archived as required by regulatory authorities. Confidentiality Statement This document is confidential. It contains proprietary information of Nerudia Ltd. Any viewing or disclosure of such information that is not authorized in writing by Nerudia Ltd. is strictly prohibited. Such information may be used solely for the purpose of reviewing or performing this study. Page 1 CA22747_PROTOCOL AMENDMENT 3_24MAR2020 my blu Safety/Tolerability Study Project No.: CA22747 Nerudia Ltd. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR SIGNATURE PAGE An Open-Label, Parallel Study to Assess Tobacco-Related Biomarkers of Exposure, Biomarkers of Potential Harm, and Nicotine Uptake During a 56-Day Switch to my ™ blu e-Cigarettes in Adult Smokers Principal Investigator: Printed Name: Site Name: Address: Tel.: Fax: E-mail: __________________________________ _________ Signature Date Page 7 CA22747_PROTOCOL AMENDMENT 3_24MAR2020 my blu Safety/Tolerability Study Project No.: CA22747 Nerudia Ltd. SYNOPSIS Study Objectives Primary: 1. -
Nicotine Flavoring Other Chemicals to Help with the Aerosolization Process
Professor Rounds WHITEY SEVEY, MD PGY-1 What is this? What is a Juul? E-cigarettes Juul Juul labs produces: Juul device (w/charger) Disposable Juul pods How do e-cigarettes work? Produce an aerosol by heating a liquid Liquid usually contains: Nicotine Flavoring Other chemicals to help with the aerosolization process What makes Juuling different? The Juul pods contain: 0.7mL “e-liquid” with 5% nicotine by weight What makes Juuling different? The Juul pods contain: 0.7mL “e-liquid” with 5% nicotine by weight It’s the Nicotine. Amount of Nicotine Type of Nicotine Typical e-cigarettes contain between 6-30mg nicotine per 1mL of e-liquid Most e- Freebase 1 juul pod contains 59mg cigarettes nicotine Nicotine Juul salts Freebase Nicotine Vs. Nicotine Salt 81.5% of current youth users state they use “BECAUSE IT COMES IN FLAVORS I LIKE” 63% of 15-24 year-old Juul users DO NOT KNOW that the product ALWAYS CONTAINS NICOTINE Why does it matter? Why does it matter? Why does it matter? Marketing Marketing Marketing Marketing Marketing Marketing Backlash Juul’s ads changed Now about current smokers Backlash Juul’s ads changed Now about current smokers Backlash Juul’s ads changed Now about current smokers New warnings In ads Backlash Juul’s ads changed Now about current smokers New warnings In ads On packaging But… Even with the changes to advertising SOCIAL MEDIA has helped fuel Juul’s popularity Company Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook accounts #Hashtags Risks Tobacco use if the leading cause of preventable disease and -
Smoking Cessation by Changing the Way of Smoking: Case Report
Lopez et al., Prim Health Care 2018, 8:4 alt y He hca ar re : im O DOI: 10.4172/2167-1079.1000312 r p P e f n o A l c a c n e r s u s o Primary Health Care: Open Access J ISSN: 2167-1079 Case Report Open Access Smoking Cessation by Changing the Way of Smoking: Case Report Pedro J Tarraga Lopez1*, Loreto Tarraga-Marcos2, Ibrahim Sadek3, Fatima Madrona-Marcos3, Alicia Vivo3 and Carmen Celada4 1Department of Family Practice, Servicio de Salud de Castilla- La Mancha, Health Center number 5, Albacete, Albacete 02005, Spain 2Clinic Hospital Zaragoza, Servicio Aragones de Salud, Spain 3Department of Medicine, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain 4Department of Medicine, Servicio Murciano de Salud, Spain Abstract It is the case of a smoker woman over 45 years old who starts changing cigarettes to cigarettes without combustion with a significant improvement in the quality of life and at 9 months quit smoking completely. Keywords: Smoker; Change smoking; Cigarettes without of smoking has decreased in many developed countries, more than 1 combustion; Harm reduction by tobacco billion people continue to smoke in the world nowadays [1,2]. Case Report Many smokers want and try to quit, however, the long-term dropout rates are still very low. The public policies on tobacco control recommended Our patient is a 62 year-old woman, married with two children, by the World Health Organization are leading to an average annual decrease working as a community pharmacist. As for the medical history she between 0.5% and 1% in the prevalence of smoking in developed countries, had no known medical allergies, hypertensive in treatment, no Diabetes although the related mortality remains high. -
Juul and Other High Nicotine E-Cigarettes Are Addicting a New Generation of Youth
JUUL AND OTHER HIGH NICOTINE E-CIGARETTES ARE ADDICTING A NEW GENERATION OF YOUTH Launched in 2015, JUUL quickly disrupted the e-cigarette marketplace, popularizing e-cigarette devices that are sleek, discreet and have sweet flavors and a powerful nicotine hit. Nicotine is highly addictive, can negatively impact the development of the adolescent brain, and can harm the cardiovascular system.1 Youth e-cigarette use in the United States has skyrocketed to what the U.S. Surgeon General and the FDA have called “epidemic” levels, with 3.6 million middle and high school students using e- cigarettes. 2 Former FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb has stated, “There’s no question the Juul product drove a lot of the youth use.”3 The Surgeon General has called for “aggressive steps to protect our children from these highly potent products that risk exposing a new generation of young people to nicotine.”4 Use of Nicotine Salts Makes it Easier for New Users to Try E-Cigarettes Just like the tobacco industry has used additives and design changes to make cigarettes more addictive and appealing to new users (particularly youth),5 JUUL pioneered a new e-liquid formulation that delivers nicotine more effectively and with less irritation than earlier e-cigarette models. According to the company, the nicotine in JUUL is made from “nicotine salts found in leaf tobacco, rather than free-base nicotine,” in order to “accommodate cigarette-like strength nicotine levels.”6 JUUL’s original patent stated that, “certain nicotine salt formulations provide satisfaction in an individual superior to that of free base nicotine, and more comparable to the satisfaction in an individual smoking a traditional cigarette. -
Pass the Salt. Why Nicotine Salts Make Vaping Products More Addictive. February 2020
Why nicotine salts make vaping products more addictive Pass the salt Nicotine salts are a chemical form of nicotine that is easier to inhale Chemically speaking, a salt is a substance that is produced by the reaction of an acid with a base. Nicotine, as extracted from tobacco or created synthetically, is a base (pH greater than 7). In this form, it is sometimes called freebase nicotine. Freebase nicotine is harsh to the taste and hard to inhale. Exposing freebase nicotine to an acid converts the nicotine to a salted form. The nicotine molecule picks up a hydrogen proton, making it similar to the protonated nicotine found in cigarettes. This form has lower pH and produces a smoother sensation when being inhaled. E-cigarette companies treat nicotine with an organic acid to produce nicotine salts. JUUL uses benzoic acid; Vype uses lactic Figure 1 courtesy of Dr. Arit Harvanko, UCSF acid. Other brands use levulinic acid, or a combination of organic acids. E-cigarettes that are not treated with organic acids to create nicotine salts would have a pH of about 7.5- 8.0. Like cigars, they would be harsh to the taste and hard to inhale. Canadian cigarettes, which are smoother to the taste than American-blend cigarettes, have a slightly lower pH in the range of 5 to 6.1 2 Tobacco companies studied nicotine salts but used other ways to control pH in cigarette smoke. The tobacco industry has long known that organic acids could be used to create nicotine salts and that this would reduce harshness and make cigarettes more inhalable, and their studies of these methods began in the 1950s and continued until the 1990s.3 Cigarette manufacturers, however, chose other methods to produce smooth-tasting cigarettes with low pH. -
Effect of Free-Base and Protonated Nicotine on Nicotine Yield From
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Efect of free‑base and protonated nicotine on nicotine yield from electronic cigarettes with varying power and liquid vehicle Soha Talih1,3, Rola Salman1,3, Rachel El‑Hage2,3, Nareg Karaoghlanian1,3, Ahmad El‑Hellani2,3, Najat Saliba2,3 & Alan Shihadeh1,3* Nicotine in electronic cigarette (ECIG) liquids can exist in a free‑base or protonated (or “salt”) form. Protonated nicotine is less aversive upon inhalation than free‑base nicotine, and many ECIG manufacturers have begun marketing protonated nicotine products, often with high nicotine concentrations. Regulations intended to control ECIG nicotine delivery limit nicotine concentration but do not consider nicotine form. In this study, we systematically examined the efect of nicotine form on nicotine yield for varying powers and liquid vehicles. A Kanger Subox Mini‑C tank ECIG (0.5 Ω) was used to generate aerosols at varying powers (5–45 W) from liquid solutions that contained either free‑base or protonated nicotine at 15 mg/g concentration, with a liquid vehicle consisting of either propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable glycerin (VG), resulting in four diferent solutions (free‑base/ PG, free‑base/VG, protonated/PG, and protonated/VG). Nicotine yield was quantifed using gas chromatography‑mass spectrometry. Nicotine yields were not infuenced by nicotine form under any condition investigated. At each power level, PG‑based liquids resulted in approximately double the nicotine yield of VG‑based liquids. Nicotine concentrations in the aerosols matched those of the parent liquids for both the PG and VG conditions. Increasing power led to greater nicotine yield across all conditions. -
Complete Annual Report
Philip Morris International 2016 Annual Report THIS CHANGES EVERYTHING 2016 Philip Morris Annual Report_LCC/ANC Review Copy February 22 - Layout 2 We’ve built the world’s most successful cigarette company with the world’s most popular and iconic brands. Now we’ve made a dramatic decision. We’ve started building PMI’s future on breakthrough smoke-free products that are a much better choice than cigarette smoking. We’re investing to make these products the Philip Morris icons of the future. In these changing times, we’ve set a new course for the company. We’re going to lead a full-scale effort to ensure that smoke- free products replace cigarettes to the benefit of adult smokers, society, our company and our shareholders. Reduced-Risk Products - Our Product Platforms Heated Tobacco Products Products Without Tobacco Platform Platform 1 3 IQOS, using the consumables Platform 3 is based on HeatSticks or HEETS, acquired technology that features an electronic holder uses a chemical process to that heats tobacco rather Platform create a nicotine-containing than burning it, thereby 2 vapor. We are exploring two Platform creating a nicotine-containing routes for this platform: one 4 vapor with significantly fewer TEEPS uses a pressed with electronics and one harmful toxicants compared to carbon heat source that, once without. A city launch of the Products under this platform cigarette smoke. ignited, heats the tobacco product is planned in 2017. are e-vapor products – without burning it, to generate battery-powered devices a nicotine-containing vapor that produce an aerosol by with a reduction in harmful vaporizing a nicotine solution. -
Cell-Specific Toxicity of Short-Term JUUL Aerosol Exposure to Human
Pinkston et al. Respir Res (2020) 21:269 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01539-1 RESEARCH Open Access Cell-specifc toxicity of short-term JUUL aerosol exposure to human bronchial epithelial cells and murine macrophages exposed at the air–liquid interface Rakeysha Pinkston1,2, Hasan Zaman2, Ekhtear Hossain2, Arthur L. Penn2 and Alexandra Noël2* Abstract Backgroud: JUUL, an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), which frst appeared on the US market in 2015, controled more than 75% of the US ENDS sales in 2018. JUUL-type devices are currently the most commonly used form of ENDS among youth in the US. In contrast to free-base nicotine contained in cigarettes and other ENDS, JUUL contains high levels of nicotine salt (35 or 59 mg/mL), whose cellular and molecular efects on lung cells are largely unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro toxicity of JUUL crème brûlée-favored aerosols on 2 types of human bronchial epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B, H292) and a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Methods: Human lung epithelial cells and murine macrophages were exposed to JUUL crème brûlée-favored aerosols at the air–liquid interface (ALI) for 1-h followed by a 24-h recovery period. Membrane integrity, cytotoxicity, extracellular release of nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species, cellular morphology and gene expression were assessed. Results: Crème brûlée-favored aerosol contained elevated concentrations of benzoic acid (86.9 μg/puf), a well- established respiratory irritant. In BEAS-2B cells, crème brûlée-favored aerosol decreased cell viability ( 50%) and increased nitric oxide (NO) production ( 30%), as well as iNOS gene expression. -
The Role of the Tobacco Trade in Turkish-American Relations, 1923-29
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Master's Theses Student Research 12-1988 The oler of the tobacco trade in Turkish-American relations, 1923-29. Robert Carey Goodman Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/masters-theses Recommended Citation Goodman, Robert Carey, "The or le of the tobacco trade in Turkish-American relations, 1923-29." (1988). Master's Theses. Paper 540. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Role of the Tobacco Trade in Turkish-American Relations, 1923-29 by Robert Carey Goodman III Candidate for the Master of Arts in History University of Richmond, 1987 Thesis Director: John D. Treadway This study of the tobacco trade between Turkey and the United States provides new perspectives on two major themes in Turkish-American relations between 1923 and 1929: the effect of Turkish nationalism on American interests in Ataturk's Turkey, and the effort to restore Turkish- American diplomatic ties broken during World War I. The marked rise in American cigarette consumption after World War I made the tobacco trade a crucial link between Turkey and America because it required the importation of aromatic tobacco. During the Turkish Republic's first decades, the value of American tobacco imports from Turkey exceeded the value of all American exports to that country. The tobacco trade survived Turkish nationalism and unsatisfactory diplomatic relations because of the financial benefits it brought to both states. -
Nicotine Delivery and Relief of Craving After Consumption of European
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Nicotine delivery and relief of craving after consumption of European JUUL e‑cigarettes prior and after pod modifcation Nadja Mallock1,2,4*, Andrea Rabenstein3,4, Solveig Gernun3, Peter Laux1, Christoph Hutzler1, Susanne Karch3, Gabriele Koller3, Frank Henkler‑Stephani1, Maria Kristina Parr2, Oliver Pogarell3, Andreas Luch1,2 & Tobias Rüther3 The emergence of e‑cigarettes on the consumer market led to a tremendous rise in e‑cigarette consumption among adolescents in the United States. The success of JUUL and other pod systems was linked to its high nicotine delivery capacity. In compliance with the European Tobacco Product directive, liquid nicotine contents in the European JUUL variants are limited to 20 mg/mL or below. A short time after launching the initial version in Europe, JUUL pods have been modifed in terms of the wick material used. This modifcation has been demonstrated previously to lead to an elevated aerosol generation, consequently, to a larger amount of nicotine per puf generated. The present study was designed to assess whether the mentioned diferences between the “initial” and “modifed” JUUL versions may cause a signifcant diference during consumption, and how nicotine delivery compares with tobacco cigarettes. In this single‑center three‑arm study, nicotine pharmacokinetics and infuence on urge to smoke/vape were compared for tobacco cigarettes, the “initial” version of the European JUUL, and the “modifed” version of the European JUUL. Participants, 15 active smokers and 17 active e‑cigarette users, were instructed to consume their study product according to a pre‑ directed pufng protocol. Venous blood was sampled for nicotine analysis to cover the acute phase and the frst 30 min after starting. -
Smoking Gun: Strategic Containment of Contraband Tobacco and Cigarette Trafficking in Canada
A Macdonald-Laurier Institute Publication SMOKING GUN: STRATEGIC CONTAINMENT OF CONTRABAND TOBACCO AND CIGARETTE TRAFFICKING IN CANADA Christian Leuprecht MARCH 2016 5 Years of True North in Canadian Public Policy Board of Directors Hon. David Emerson Former federal cabinet minister, corporate director and public policy adviser CHAIR Rob Wildeboer Brian Flemming Executive Chairman, Martinrea International Inc. International lawyer, writer, and policy advisor Robert Fulford VICE CHAIR Former Editor of Saturday Night magazine, columnist with Jacquelyn Thayer Scott the National Post Past President and Professor, Wayne Gudbranson Cape Breton University, Sydney CEO, Branham Group Inc., Ottawa MANAGING DIRECTOR Stanley Hartt Brian Lee Crowley Counsel, Norton Rose LLP Calvin Helin SECRETARY International speaker, best-selling author, entrepreneur Lincoln Caylor and lawyer. Partner, Bennett Jones LLP, Toronto Peter John Nicholson Former President, Canadian Council of Academies, Ottawa TREASURER Martin MacKinnon Hon. Jim Peterson CFO, Black Bull Resources Inc., Halifax Former federal cabinet minister, Counsel at Fasken Martineau, Toronto DIRECTORS Maurice B. Tobin the Tobin Foundation, Washington DC Pierre Casgrain Director and Corporate Secretary of Casgrain & Company Limited Research Advisory Board Erin Chutter President and CEO of Global Cobalt Corporation Janet Ajzenstat Professor Emeritus of Politics, McMaster University Laura Jones Executive Vice-President of the Canadian Federation Brian Ferguson Professor, Health Care Economics, University of Guelph of Independent Business (CFIB). Jack Granatstein Vaughn MacLellan Historian and former head of the Canadian War Museum DLA Piper (Canada) LLP Patrick James Professor, University of Southern California Rainer Knopff Advisory Council Professor of Politics, University of Calgary Larry Martin John Beck Principal, Dr. Larry Martin and Associates and Partner, Chairman and CEO, Aecon Construction Ltd., Toronto Agri-Food Management Excellence, Inc.