Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) of Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 Public Disclosure Authorized kV And Dhalkebar-Bhittamod 400 kV TL Project

(Angle Tower, Sub-stations and Structures) Public Disclosure Authorized

Prepared And Submitted By:

Public Disclosure Authorized Environment And Social Studies Department Engineering Services Nepal Electricity Authority Kharipati, Bhaktapur

February, 2011 Public Disclosure Authorized

Resettlemention Action Plan ABBREVIATIONS

CBO Community Based Organization CDO Chief District Officer CDC Compensation Determination Committee CFUG Community Forest User Group DADO District Agriculture Development Office DDC District Development Committee DFO District Forest Office DHO District Health Office EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMF Electromagnetic Fields ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESSD Environment and Social Studies Department FGD Focus Group Discussion GON Government of Nepal HEP Hydro Electric Project HH Household HDD~ESMU Hetauda-D.halkebar-Duhabi Environnent & Social Mgmt. Unit INPS Integrated Nepal Power System IPP Independent Power Producers IRPA International Radiation Protection Association KlIs Key Informant Interviews km Kilometer kV Kilovolt LCF Local Consultative Forum LDO Local Development Officer LARU Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Unit NEA Nepal Electricity Authority NRs. Nepalese Rupees NGO Non Governmental Organization PAF Project Affected Family PAP Project Affected Person PCU Program Coordination Unit PRA Participatory Rapid Appraisal RAP Resettlement Action Plan ROW Right of Way SIA Social Impact Assessment TL Transmission Line VDC Village Development Committee WB The World Bank

ii TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1

1.1 BACKGROUND ...... 1 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDy ...... 3 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDy ...... 3 1.4 LAYOUTOFTHE REPORT ...... 4 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 5 2. PROJECr DESCRIPTION ...... 5

2.1 PROJECT LOCATION ...... 5 2.2 TRANSMISSION LINE ROUTE ...... 5 2.3 PROJECT FEATURES ...... 7 2. 3.1 Substations ...... 9 2.3.2 Angle Towers ...... 10 2.4 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING ...... 10 2. 4.1 Tower Foundation ...... 10 2.4.2 Erection of Galvanized Steel Towers ...... 10 2.4.3 Insulator Fittings, Conductor and Ground Wire Stringing ...... 10 2.4.4 Transportation ...... 11 2.4.5 Spoil Dumping Site ...... 11 2.4.6 Construction Materials ...... 11 2.4.7 Construction Manpower ...... 11 2.4.8 Project Duration ...... 11 3. STUDY METHODOLOGY ...... 12

3.1 PROJECT AREA DELINEATION ...... 12 3. 1.1 Core Project Area ...... 12 3.1.2 Surrounding Area ...... 12 3.2 LITERATURE REViEW ...... 13 3.3 IDENTIFICATION OF THE STAKEHOLDERS AND CONSULTATIONS ...... 13 3.4 PREPARATION AND FINALIZATION OF STUDY TOOLS ...... 13 3.5 SELECTION AND TRAINING OF SUPERVISORS AND ENUMERATORS ...... 14 3.6 SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION ...... 14 3.7 FIELDWORK ...... 14 3.8 CENSUS OF DIRECTLY AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES ...... 15 3.9 KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS (KIIS} ...... 15 3.10 Focus GROUP DISCUSSIONS (FGD) ...... 15 3.11 PARTICIPATORY RAPID ApPRAiSAL ...... 15 3.12 MARKET SURVEy ...... 16 3.13 MEETINGS/CONSULTATIONS ...... 16 3.14 DATA ENCODING AND ANALYSIS ...... 16 3.15 CATEGORIZATION OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 16 3.16 CRITERIA FOR DEFINING PROJECT AFFECTED AND VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS ...... ~ ...... 16 3.17 DEFINITIONS ...... 17 3.18 TEAM COMPOSITION ...... 18

4. REVIEW OF RELEVANT POLICIES, ACTS, REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES AND CONVENTIONS ...... 19

4.1 GENERAL ...... 19 4.2 CONSTITUTION, NATIONAL PLAN/POLICIES, ACTS, ROLES AND GUIDELINES ...... 19 4.2.1 Constitution and Policy ...... , ...... 19 4.2.2 Acts ...... 20

iii 4.2.3 Rules/ Regulations ...... 21 4.2.4 Guidelines ...... 21 4.3 ILO CONVENTION ON INDIGENOUS AND TRIBAL PEOPLES, 1989 (NO.169) ...... 22 4.4 THE WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ...... 23 4.4.1 Involuntary Resettlement ...... 23 4.4.2 Indigenous People ...... 24 4.4.3 Disclosure Policy ...... 24

5. COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM ...... 25

5.1 PROCEDURE FOR CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ...... 25 5.2 KEY ISSUES/CONCERNS RAISED DURING COMMUNITY CONSULTATION ...... 26 5.3 CONTINUATION OF CONSULTATION PROCESS ...... 27 5.4 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANiSM ...... 28

6. SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE PROJECT AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS ...... 31

6.1 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ...... 31 6.2 ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ...... 35 6.3 AGRICULTURE ...... 42 6.4 DRINKING WATER, SANITATION AND HEALTH ...... 46 6.5 KNOWLEDGE, AnlTUDE AND EXPECTATIONS OF THE AFFECTED HHs FROM THE PROJECT ...... 48 6.6 COMPENSATION ...... 49

7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 51

7.1 Loss OF LAND ...... 51 7.1.1 Land Loss by Land Holding ...... 51 7.1.2 Loss of Land by Gender Category ...... 52 7.1.3 Loss of Land by Farm Category and Agriculture Income ...... 52 7.2 ACQUISITION OF HOUSE AND OTHER STRUCTURES ...... 53 7.3 Loss OF PRIVATE TREES ...... 54 7.5 IMPACT ON COMMUNITY FACILITY, SERVICES AND RESOURCES ...... 55 7.6 AFFECTED COMMUNITY STRUCTURES ...... 55 7.7 REDUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ...... 56

8. RESETTLEMENT, REHABILITATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES ...... 57

8.1 RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION (R &R) ASSiSTANCE ...... 57 8.1.1 COMPENSATION DETERMINATION COMMITTEES (CDC) ...... 57 8.1.2 Valuation of Assets and Compensation ...... 58 8.1.3 Assistance to Different Categories of Households Losing Land ...... 59 8.1.4 Assistance to Households Losing House and Cowshed ...... 60 8.1.5 Mitigation Measures for the Women Headed and Vulnerable Households ...... 61 8.1.6 Awareness Program ...... 61 8.1.7 Health and Sanitation ...... 61 8.1.8 Affected Community Structures ...... 62 8.3 ENTITLEMENT MATRiX ...... 62

9. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ...... 66

9.1 ORGANIZATIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 67 9.1.1 Central Level Arrangement ...... 68 9.1.2 Project Level Arrangement ...... 68

10. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...... 73

11. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ...... 75

11.1 Monitoring ...... 75 11.2 MONITORING FRAMEWORK ...... 75 11.3 REPORTING ...... 77 11.4 IMPACT EVALUATION ...... 77

iv 12. MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENT COST, SOURCE OF FUNDING, BUDGETARY PROCESS & TIMING OF EXPENDITURE ...... 78

12.1 MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT COST ...... 78 12.2 FUNDING SOURCE ...... 79 12.3 BUDGETARY PROCESS AND TIMING OF EXPENDITURE ...... 79

ANNEXES

v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

At present Nepal faces power deficit, due to severe imbalance in demand and supply of electricity in the country. It has led to unexpected load shedding (even more than 12 hours) in Nepal since the last 2 to 3 years. This situation has resulted negative impact on production and service sectors and overall development of the nation.

Many independent power producers (IPP) are putting their efforts on developing hydroelectric projects to address power demand of Nepal as well as export excess power to India. At present in absence of 400 kV transmission line power generated in one part of Nepal could not be transmitted to other parts as well as import power from India to address the present power crisis of Nepal. The existing 132 kV transmission line capacity is not sufficient for this purpose and a strong 400 kV double circuit transmission line is required.

Therefore, the proposed Hetauda- Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project (including Dhalkebar-Bhittamod section) is a high priority project of NEA to address the current power crisis by importing power from India. Similarly, it will also help power transmission within Nepal and export excess power to India in the future.

The proposed project is located in Central and Eastern Development Regions of Nepal. The total estimated length of the transmission line is 324.2 km (including 285.2 km of Hetauda-Duhabi stretch and 39 km of Dhalkebar­ Bhittamod).

The proposed transmission line will be double circuit comprising of duplex overhead conductor. Each line circuit will have three phases, each phase comprising two separate aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR). The right of way (RoW) of the proposed transmission line is 23 meters on each side from the centerline of the overhead transmission line as per the Electricity Regulation, 1993.

While selecting the transmission line alignment, due consideration has been given to avoid the settlement areas, inbuilt structures, religious places, schools and other community infrastructures as far as possible.

Major structures of the project includes construction of a substation at Bokraha tole of Bokraha VDC of Sunsari district and two separate substations (one for Dhalkebar-Bhittamod transmission line and one for Hetauda­ Dhalkebar-Duhabi transmission line) close to the existing Dhalkebar sub­ station and 136 angle towers. A total of 21.24 ha private land will be acquired by the project for the substations and angle towers and 5 ha o'f private land will be temporarily leased for construction activities. Similarly, land use 1 restriction will be imposed on 836.92 ha of private land .

1 According to prevailing practice of NEA, the ROW land is not acquired permanently by the project! proponent. However in practice, one time compensation equivalent to 10% of land value is paid to the owner against land use

Resettlemention Action Plan vi The duration of the project is 3.5 years including 6 months of pre-construction phase. About 1000 people including 100 skilled, 100 semi-skilled and 600 unskilled will be require for construction of the project. The unskilled people will be hired locally.

A SIA of the project was conducted in September 2010 to assess its adverse social impacts and prepare RAP to address the adverse social.

Both the primary and secondary data was collected for the SIA. The primary data was collected using both the qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The methods of SIA includes but not limited to review of literature, socio-economic survey of affected households (133 HHs), PRA (97 one in each VDC/municipality), FGD with occupational/ethnic groups (22), FGD with women group (25), key informant interview (194), market survey of the area and consultation with local and district level stakeholders. A team of experts supported by local assistants conducted field work of the SIA.

Based on the data collected for SIA and inputs from experts this RAP for the Hetauda- Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400 kV transmission line project has been prepared. The RAP has been prepared in compliance with prevailing legislation of GON, The World Bank policies, guidelines and best practices.

According to the Safeguard Policy of The World Bank, if a development project requires acquisition of land or property, which displaces people physically and/or economically, involuntary resettlement policy is triggered and RAP preparation becomes mandatory. Similarly, if the project is implemented in the inhabited areas of indigenous people the Policy of Indigenous People is also activated.

The basic principles of Involuntary Resettlement Policy are to avoid, minimize involuntary resettlement where possible and if unavoidable mitigate its adverse impacts by improving living standard of the affected persons or at least restore their livelihood to pre-project level.

The Bank defines indigenous people, as the people, who have their self­ identification, collective attachment to ancestral lands, customary culture, economic, social, political institution and indigenous language.

It recognizes that the indigenous people are among the most marginalized and vulnerable segment of population who have limited ability to resist and participate in and derive ~enefit from development. They could playa vital role in planning and implementation of development projects and their continued consultation, participation and cooperation are of profound Significance in all projects.

restriction along ROW which includes mainly restriction for house construction and tree plantation. Ownership of such land remains intact with the title holders who are also eligible for transaction and cultivation of such lands.

Resettlemention Action Plan This RAP covers three categories of households: i) households affected by angle towers, ii) households affected by sub-stations iii) households/structures along the ROW.

For the RAP the project affected households/families have been categorized into three categories as follows: • Marginally Affected Households: Households losing less than 10.0% of their total land. • Severely Affected Households: Households losing more than 10% of their total land (This includes two sUb-categories: i) Households losing more than 10% to 50% of their land and ii) Households losing more than 50% of their land. The households losing residential structures are also included in this category). • Vulnerable Households: Women headed households, Single women headed households, household heads with disabilities/old age, infected with chronic disease and HIV/AIDS, and Dalit households affected by the project are categorized under this category.

The Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV transmission line crosses 10 districts (one hill and 9 Terai), 95 VDCs and two municipalities of two development regions.

The project area is inhabited by more than 50 different caste/ethnic groups of hill, Terai and mountain origin including Brahmin/Chhetri, Terai origin high caste/ethnic groups, indigenous and Dalits.

Of the total population, the population of Janjati and Bramhin/Chhetri constitute about half population of the project area. Similarly, there is a Significant proportion of Dalits and Muslim population in the project area.

The households of indigenous people are scattered in the project area expect concentration of Tharu in Northern VDCs of Rautahat, Sara, Siraha, Saptari districts of the project area.

The indigenous people of the area though have their self-identification and some (Tharu and Tamang) have customary culture and own language they do not have collective attachment to ancestral lands, economic, social and political institution.

Most of the indigenous people of the project area, excluding the Tharu and Majhi/Malaha in Terai and Tamang in Makawanpur, are of hill/mountain migrants, of them few have migrated and inhabited after eradication of Malaria (late fifties) and most after construction of the East-West High way in search of quality of life.

Almost all the indigenous people of the project area are mixed together with other caste/ethnic groups of the area. They share common language, they have similarity in dress, follow culture and festivals of other caste/ethnic groups and other also follow their culture/festivals, share common resources and facilities and have social harmony.

Resettlemention Action Plan In this way, the indigenous people of the project area are not much distinct with other caste/ethnic groups of the area regarding social and economic aspects.

The project will directly affect 133 households of seven districts of the project area. The total population of the 133 affected households is 873, consisting of 53.04% males and 46.96% females. The average HH size of the surveyed Households is 6.3 person's higher than the national size recorded in the Population Census 2001.

Of the surveyed population aged six years and above, nearly 18.0%, is illiterate. The gender gap in literacy is wide. The illiteracy among women is 28.27% whereas the illiteracy among men 8.53%.

The project affected households comprises of 29 different caste/ethnic groups of hill and Terai origin. These caste/ethnic groups have been further broadly categorized as Terai origin caste groups (advance), Janajati, Brahmin/ChhetrilThakuri, Dalit and Muslim (ethnic minority). Of the affected households 46.62% are Terai origin caste groups, 32.33% are Janajati, 12.03% are Brahmin/ Chhetri, 5.26% are Dalit and 3.76% are Muslim. Maithali is the main spoken language in the family of the surveyed households of the project area (54.14%). The other spoken languages in the family are Nepali (27.07%), Tharu (12.03) and Tamang (6.77%).

Agriculture, service (salaried job), wage employment and business/small industry are the main sources of livelihoods of the affected households. The project area is food deficit area. Only 37.6% of the surveyed households could grow enough food for their consumption in a year.

Of the surveyed households, about 69.92% (93) have family debt for various reasons. The proportion of the households having family debt is more than 50.0% in all the districts.

The weighted average annual income of surveyed households is NRs 153, 463. The contribution of off-farm is 56.68%, agriculture 40.16%, and livestock 3.15% to the total household income. Similarly, the annual weighted average expenditure of the surveyed households is NRs 106,422. Food items form the largest expense category, accounting for 50.21 % of total reported expenditure.

The average land holding of the affected households is 1.78 ha. The per capita landholding is 0.27 ha with lowest (0.05 ha) in Makawanpur and highest (0.33 ha) in Mahottari.

Paddy, sugarcane, wheat, maize and millet are the main crops cultivated by the surveyed households. Other crops include vegetables, potato and pulses. In terms of area coverage, paddy cultivation ranks first, sugarcane second, wheat third and maize fourth. Livestock ownership is an integral part of

Resettlemention Action Plan agriculture for the surveyed households of the project area. Of the surveyed households, about 80.0% have livestock.

The major sources of drinking water for the households of the area are tube­ well, piped water and public tap. Of the surveyed households, 9.02% have access to piped water.

Only some of the surveyed households of the area are aware of using toilets for personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Of the households, over 45.86% use own toilet for defecation.

Of the affected households, 86.47% have positive attitude and 3.76% (5) have negative attitude regarding the project and its implementation.

The affected households are expecting employment, good compensation, local development, and electrification from the project. Of the surveyed households, 37.59% expecting employment, 30.08% expecting good compensation 18.80% expecting local development and 13.53% expecting electrification from the project.

The major socioeconomic and cultural environmental impact includes, acquisition of 21.24 ha cultivated land owned by 133 households of 7 districts for construction of three sub-stations (Dhalkebar, Dhanusha -2, Bhokraha, Sunsari -1) and 136 angle towers, removal of 591 private trees, relocation of 9 private houses/structures owned by 6 households, relocation of 3 temples and one primary school, loss of standing crop, land use restrictions in ROW and occupational safety.

The key areas of concerns/issues raised by the local people and other stakeholders during community consultation are compensation, livelihood support, alignment of the transmission line, community support programs and community participation in the project activities.

Based on the findings of the assessment, considering the size of the project and its national importance the social adverse impacts of the project are minimal. Appropriate mitigation/enhancement measures have been recommended for the affected households/families, community and public property to mitigate adverse social impact of the project and maximize its benefits. The key mitigation measures designed to "Support the project affected families during implementation of this RAP include: i) full compensation for the affected assets (land, structures, trees etc) at replacement value ii) dislocation as well as transportation allowances to those who need to be relocated due to loss of residential structures iii) livelihood restoration measures comprising of different supports like cash assistance for the losses incurred due to land loss based on degree of severity, provision of different types of skill enhancement training designed for employment and income generation, provision of agricultural inputs for better crop production iv) relocation of structures and facilities of cultural and religious importance and public services such as temples/ holy places and school v) awareness raising on health and safety measures including HIV/AIDS. If the proposed

Resettlemention Action Plan x mitigation and enhancement measures and social support programs are properly implemented adverse social impacts of the project could be minimized as well as the project would get implemented smoothly with supports from local people and communities.

Therefore, the study concludes that implementation of the proposed project is socially viable and there are no major social impacts that could not be mitigated or minimized.

Resettlemention Action Plan 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Integrated Nepal Power System (lNPS) has installed capacity of 697.8 MWof which 644.3 MW is hydropower, 53.4MW thermal and 0.1 MW solar energy (NEA 2010). Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) is constructing 220 kV transmission line from Khimti to Dhalkebar to evacuate power generated from Upper Tamakoshi (with an installed capacity of 456 MW), which is scheduled to be commissioned by 2014. Electric power potential of Tamakoshi basin exceeds 2000 MW and the nearest INPS center is Dhalkebar. Many independent power producers (IPP) are putting their efforts on developing hydroelectric projects (HEPs) in the basin to address power demand of Nepal as well as export excess power to India via planned 400 kV cross border transmission line from Dhalkebar to Muzaffarpur. Therefore, after commissioning of the transmission line in 2013/14, Dhalkebar will be an important point in Nepal power system.

At present Nepal faces power deficit, due to severe imbalance in demand and supply of electricity in the country. The annual peak electricity demand is increasing with an average of 10% annually. It has led to unprecedented load shedding since the last 2 to 3 years, and this situation is expected to continue in the coming 5-6 years. This has resulted in severe loss to the productive sectors like industries and commerce in addition to the inconveniences to the consumers.

Realizing the importance of energy and current problem the Ministry of Energy (than the Ministry of Water Resources) has formulated National Electricity Crisis Management Plan, which was endorsed by cabinet decision of Government of Nepal. This plan includes short term, mid term and long­ term program and activities, and responsibilities have been allocated accordingly. The proposed Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV TL Project is under long-term program of the plan.

Similarly, NEA has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with IL & FS of India to establish a separate company in Nepal to develop 4 interconnection links. The Dhalkebar-Bhittamod 400 kV line up to Indo-Nepal border in the Nepalese side is one of the 4 power exchange links that will link Muzaffarpur of India to import power.

The imported power will be transmitted to Duhabi in the Eastern Development Region and Hetauda in the Central Development Region of Nepal. The existing 132 kV transmission line capacity will not be sufficient for this purpose. After commissioning of HEPs of higher capacity in this region there will be a requirement of a transmission backbone to transmit power from center to East and vise versa to transmit power to Dhalkebar for export to India via the planned cross-border transmission line. For this reason a strong 400 kV double circuit transmission line from Hetauda to Duhabi has been proposed.

Resettlemention Action Plan 1 In this context, the Hetauda- Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project is one of the priority projects of NEA. The line starts from Hetauda Municipality of Makawanpur district and terminates at Duhabi VDC of Sunsari district. Similarly, the TL connects Dhalkebar with Bhittamod that will link cross boarder transmission line constructed by india. Therefore, the Hetauda­ Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line will be an important transmission line of Nepal for power transmission and power trade between Nepal and India.

The Hetauda-Duhabi stretch and Dhalkebar-Bhittamod stretch of the transmission line passes through 10 districts, 97 VDCs and 2 municipalities of Central and Eastern Development Regions. It covers the area of Makawanpur, Bara, Rautahat, Sarlahi, Mahottari and Dhanusha, Siraha, Saptari, Udayapur and Sunsari districts.

The total estimated length of the transmission line is 324.2 Km including 285.2 Km of Hetauda-Duhabi stretch and 39 Km of Dhalkebar-Bhittamod. Right of Way (RoW) of the transmission line will be 46m (23m on each side of centerline) as per Electricity Regulation and each tower will require an area of 15mx15m.

A substation will be constructed at Bokraha tole of Bokraha VDC of Sunsari district and two separate substations (one for Dhalkebar-Bhittamod transmission line and one for Hetauda- Dhalkebar-Duhabi transmission line) will be constructed close to the existing Dhalkebar sub-station. A total of 21.24 ha private land will be acquired by the project for the substations and angle towers.

Resettlement means relocation of object, people, activity and performance to address tangible development over a period of time. This concerns the identification of area where the population to be relocated, resource planning to complement population need and develop linkage between other development infrastructures, such as market, road, drinking water, school, college, health post, hospital and communication in a cohesive manner.

The RAP has been prepared in compliance with GoN legislation, The World Bank policies, guidelines and best practices. The Bank policies emphasize the need to avoid or minimize involuntary resettlement on development projects. Where the acquisition of private property is unavoidable, involuntary resettlement should be regarded as an integral part of project design, preparation and implementation. The RAP and other planning documents will be disc:losed as per World Bank policy in appropriate locations. At centre, the soft copy will be disclosed in NEA's websites whereas the translated versions of the documents will be made available for general public in the project offices both at centre and field level.

According to the Safeguard Policy of World Bank if a development project requires acquisition of land or property, which displaces people physically and/or economically, involuntary resettlement policy is triggered and RAP preparation becomes mandatory. The basic principles of Involuntary

Resettlemention Action Plan Resettlement Policy are to avoid, minimize involuntary resettlement where possible and if unavoidable mitigate its impacts by improving living standard of the affected persons or at least restore their livelihood to pre-project level.

This RAP of Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project has been prepared based on the findings of SIA, census of affected households, inventory of affected private and public assets as well as resettlement impact assessment conducted in September and October 2010. This RAP covers three categories of households: i) households affected by angle towers, ii) households affected by sub-stations iii) households/structures along the ROW.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of the study was to assess adverse social impacts of the transmission line project and prepare a RAP to address the adverse social impacts:

The specific objectives of this study were to:

• Assess private and community resources affected by the project components and activities (i.e. loss of land, houses/property, infrastructures etc.) and the entitlements required for effective resettlement and rehabilitation" • Conduct census survey of Identified affected households and individuals including their socio-economic status and assets loss, • Identify organizational and institutional requirement for the implementation of compensation, • Conduct public consultations with various stakeholders focusing project impact, issues and mitigation measures including grievance handling, • Develop resettlement and rehabilitation activities, implementation schedule and monitoring mechanisms, and • Provide cost estimation for compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation activities.

1.3 Scope of the Study

The proposed Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project has a length of 324.2 Km. The Right of Way (RoW) is 46m with 23m on either side from the centerline of the TL project. The study for RAP preparation has covered all the areas defined as project affected areas in Chapter 3 as the study area.

Resettlemention Action Plan 1.4 Layout of the Report

This RAP contains 12 chapters. Chapter 1 includes introduction, chapter 2 contains project description, chapter 3 outlines the study methodology, chapter 4 provides information on resettlement policy and legal framework, chapter 5 describes about community consultation and grievance redressal mechanism" chapter 6 details socio-economic condition of the project affected families, chapter 7 details impact assessment, chapter 8 includes mitigation and enhancement measures, chapter 9 details institutional arrangement, chapter 10 describes implementation schedule, Chapter 11 includes monitoring and evaluation and chapter 12 details mitigation and enhancement cost, source of funding, budegatery process and timing of expenditure.

Resettlemention Action Plan 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Location The proposed project is located in Central and Eastern Development Regions of Nepal. Physiographically, the project is located in Siwaliks and Terai area of Nepal. East-West Highway is the main access to the project area. Dhulikhel-Sindhuli- Bhittamod road, Mirchaiya-Katari-Gaighat and Kadamchok-Bhediyatar road are the other main access to the project area. The transmission line is accessible through feeder roads and foot trails from these roads. Simara, Biratnagar and Janakpur are the nearest airports to the site (Fig. 2.1). 2.2 Transmission Line Route The proposed 400 kV Hetuda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi Transmission Line is 324.2 km in length including 39 km of North-South Dhalkebar-Bhittamod transmission line. The TL starts from Hetauda Municipality Ward no 1 of Makwanpur district and terminates at the new Duhabi substation located at Ward no 7 Bhokraha tole (Hanif tole) of Bhokraha VDC in Sunsari district.

The Dhalkebar-Bhittamod (North-South) transmission line alignment starts from Substation Tole (Bijuli Tole) of the Dhalkebar VDC ward-4 located just out side of the existing substation and passes mainly through the cultivated land of Dhanusha and Mahottari districts and finally terminates at Indo-Nepal border (the inter connection pOint) located at ward-6 of Bathnaha VDC.

The initial 18.6 km stretch of Hetuda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi Transmission Line passes through hill section (Hetauda- Harnamadi). The immediate next 23.4 km section passes through hill to Terai (Harnamadi-NiJgadh) and the remaining 282.2 km (Nijgadh-Dhalkebar-Bhittamod-New Duhabi) passes through flat plain of Terai.

The transmission line passes through 10 districts (6 district of Central Development Region and 4 district of Eastern Development Region). The transmission line covers 95 VDCs and two municipalities including 5 VDCs and 1 municipality Makawanpur, 3 VDCs of Bara, 5 VDCs of Rautahat, 10 VDCs of Sarlahi, 18 VDCs of Mahottari, 13 VDCs of Dhanusha, 16 VDCs and 1 municipality of Sarlahi, 20 VDCs of Saptari, 2 VDCs of Udyapur and 4 VDCs of Sunsari.

While selecting the transmission line alignment, due consideration has been given to avoid the settlement areas, inbuilt structures, religious places, schools and other community infrastructures as far as possible. The environmental feature of the proposed transmission line alignment is given in Table 2.1.

Resettlemention Action Plan Ii~ IJ1)Oli ,~:51)(' 1,1 (I a.Sin)(llj Fig 2.1: Project Location Map Hetauda - Dhalkebar - Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line ~

CHINA

Resettlemention Action Plan 6 2.3 Project Features The proposed transmission line will be double circuit comprising of duplex overhead conductor. Each line circuit will have three phases, each phase comprising two separate aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR).

The vertical double circuit configuration tower will have an average height of 45 m and the standard tower base dimensions will be 15 m x 15 m from centre to centre of each tower leg foundation! footing. Steel tower leg and body extensions will be utilized to reduce foundation excavation on slopes and provide greater tower foundation structural security. The design span between tower structures is 400 m.

The right of way (RoW) of the proposed transmission line is 23 meters on each side from the centerline of the overhead transmission line as per the Electricity Regulation, 2050 (1993). The transmission line design features are given in Table 2.1.

Ta bl e 21. . PrOJec . t f eat ures Features Description

General Project Hetauda - Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project Development region Central and Eastern Development Region

! Districts 10 districts ( 6 from Central Development Region 4 from Eastern Development Region) Development Region , Districts VDCs/Municipalities i Central Development ' Makwanpur Hetauda Municipality, Churiyamai, Region (6) Hatiya, Hurnamadi, Shreepur Chatman and Dhiyal VDCs. " i Bara (2) Nijgadh and Bharatgang VDCs " Rautahat (5) Chandranigahapur, Kanakpur, Rangapur, Judibela and Paurai VDCs " Sarlahi (10) Karmaiya, Dhungrekhola, Harion, Aatrauli, Pattharkot, Lalbandi, Kalinjor, ! Ranigunj, Bhaktipur and Gourishankar VDCs. " Mahottari Khayarmara, Gauribas, Maistan (18) Bhangaha, Singyahi, Dharampur, Dhamaura, Banauta, Sahasaula, Sarpallo, Sonaul, Manara, Ekdara, Halkhori, Sisawakataiya, Sadha, , Ramgopalpur and Bathnaha , VDCs. " Dhanusha Tulsichauda, Begadawar, Dhalkebar, (13) Naktajhijh, Hariharpur, Puspalpur, Umaprempur, Yagyabhumi, Bharatpur Godar, Laksminibas, Bateshwar and Bhuchakra ur.

Resettlemention Action Plan 7 Eastern Development Siraha (17) Ramnagar Mircharya, Fulbariya, Region Badharamal, Karjanha, Rampurbirta, Chandrodayapur, Chandralalpur, Jamdaha Lalpur, Ayodhyanagar, Asanpur, Dhangadhi, Bstipur, Padariya Tharotole, Govindpur Taregana and Bhadayia VDCs. " Saptari (20) • Madhupatti, Daulatpur, Kushaha, Khojpur, Pansera, Kalyanpur, Bhangaha, Khoksar Parbaha, Rayapur, Terahota, Sitapur, Prasabani, Jandaul, Bakdhauwa, Theliya, Dharampur, Rupnagar, Dhodhanpur, Kamalpur and I Fatepur VDCs. " Udavapur (2) Thoksila and Tapeswari VDCs. I " Sunsari (4) Mahendranagar, Singva, Dumraha, and Bhokraha VDCs. • Initial point 1. New Hetauda Substation, Hetauda Municipality Makwanpur2. DhalkebarVDC, Dhanusha. Terminal point 1.New Duhabi Substation, Bhokraha VDC, Sunsari district 2. Bathnaha VDC, Mahottari (inter connection point at Indo-Nepal border). Number of major road 4 crossinQ Number of major river 4 crossings Number of 33 kV line 1 i crossings i Number of 66 kV line 1 crossinQs I I Number of 132 kV line 1 I crossings

Design features Line lenQth 324.2 km Number of angle points 136 • Number of towers 585 Average span between j400m towers Right-of-way width 46 m (23 m on either side of centerline)

! Voltage level 400kV • Standard tower height 45m Circuit Double Foundation area 15mx15m

Insulator Porcelain or glass type ! Foundation type Concrete pier and pad type Tower type Steel lattice structure t--- Conductor Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced 525 mm2 "Moose" Optical Fiber Ground Wire (OFGW) and EHS Steel wire • Earth wire .....

Resettlemention Action Plan Clearances Roads (main and secondary) 9.0m Distribution lines 5.5m Communication lines 3.5m Ground negotiable by veh~ Ground not negotiable by vehicle Water surface at maximum 7.5m flood I Substation New Substation 4001220/132 kV at Hanif tole of Bhokraha VDC Upgrading Construction of 400,220,132 and 33 kV voltage level buses at Dhalkebar substation and 220 kV bus and transformers at new Hetauda substation. Finance Project Cost (NRs.) US$ 166.2 million Funding Agency GoN 1 World Bank

2. 3.1 Substations Dhalkebar Substations

Two substations will be constructed in Dhalkebar close to the existing substation. These substations will receive power from cross border transmission line until Nepal power system will be in deficit. When there will be excess power in Nepal power system, electric power purchased from various IPPs will flow to these substations via proposed Hetauda - Dhalkebar - New. Duhabi transmission line. These substations will also serve for providing required power for the existing 132 and 33 kV network in this area. For this purpose there will be 400, 220, 132 and 33 kV voltage level buses. The project will acquire 9.77 ha private cultivated land nearby the existing Dhalkebar substation for the construction of the substations.

New Duhabi Substation

New Duhabi substation is proposed in Haniftol of Bhokraha VDC. Koshi corridor transmission line will be connected to this substation at 220 kV and the existing 132 kV line will be looped in and out in this substation. The existing Duhabi substation is at around 17 km from this location. The existing Duhabi substation is now surrounded by settlements therefore there is problem of constructing new substation for the transmission therefore Bhokraha VDC has been selected for new substation construction for the transmission line. Koshi corridor has huge capacity and generated power of this corridor will be connected to this new substation with 220 kV transmission line in the initial stage. Therefore, in the initial stage this substation will have 220, 132 and 33 kV voltage level busses. In future, 400 kV bus will also be required and an additional cross border transmission line will be constructed in this area to link Jogbani, India. The project will acquire 9.48 ha private cultivated land for the construction of new substation Bhokraha VDC.

Resettlemention Action Plan New Hetauda Substation

NEA is constructing a new Hetauda substation at Ward no. 1 of Hetauda Municipality. A 220 kV transmission line from this substation to Bharatpur is under construction and there is a further plan to extend this line to Bardaghat. Under this project, 220 kV bus will be added and 2 X 150 MVA, 220/132 kV transformers will be installed. The proposed expansion work will be conducted within the boundary of the substation and no additional land will be acquired.

2.3.2 Angle Towers Altogether 136 angle towers will be constructed including 123 along the West-East stretch (Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi) and 13 angle towers along the North-South stretch (Dhakebar-Bhittamod route). There will be 585 supporting towers in between the angle towers within an average distance of 400 m. The average distance of the angle towers is about 2.5 km.

2.4 Construction Planning The implementation of proposed project comprises the construction of new 400/220/132 kV substations, extension of existing newly built substations (Hetauda); tower foundation and erection of towers, stringing of conductor, testing and commissioning of the 324.2 km 400 kV transmission line. 2. 4.1 Tower Foundation The construction of tower foundation will be undertaken by manual labor assisted by the mechanical plant wherever possible. The mechanical equipments will be limited to small demountable steel skid framed concrete mixers, air compressors, air drills/chisels and tamping/compaction tools.

Excavation and the concreting of the tower foundations will be carried out as per the design requirements and after necessary curing, the foundations will be backfilled with suitable material.

2.4.2 Erection of Galvanized Steel Towers Manufactured galvanized steel lattice towers will be transported to the individual tower locations and will be erected manually by employing pulleys, wenches, etc. into the tower foundations. 2.4.3 Insulator Fittings, Conductor and Ground Wire Stringing Conductors, OPGW, ground wires, insulators and necessary accessories will be transported manually to the tower locations. The fitting of insulators on the tower will be carried out manually. Stringing of conductors, OPGW and EHS wire will be carried out with the help of tensioners and other pulling devices as per the design requirements.

Resettlemention Action Plan 2.4.4 Transportation Primary site access for the project construction will be gained from the East­ West Highway. No permanent access roads will be constructed to tower sites from existing road. Existing feeder roads and tracks will be used for construction and maintenance as per need. The construction material up to the nearest road head will be carried out through vehicle and latter it will be transported manually up to the individual tower location. 2.4.5 Spoil Dumping Site Since the construction of transrnission line towers requires clearing and excavation of fairly small areas at tower locations, construction work will not require spoil dumping sites. The spoil will be filled up and compacted in the tower base area. Similarly, spoil generated from the substation construction will be used to the switchyard location where borrowed earth materials have to be filled and compacted for the site grading. 2.4.6 Construction Materials The materials required for civil construction works related to the transmission line and substation will be: a. Steel reinforcement b. Cement c. Coarse aggregate d. Fine aggregates (sand)

Steel reinforcing bars and cement will be purchased from local manufacturers or imported as per the supply situation. Coarse aggregates will be produced at site from excavated materials or purchased from the nearby market. Likewise, fine aggregates will be collected from major quarries along riverbanks, the excavated foundation material can be used as a backfill material required for the foundation construction. 2.4.7 Construction Manpower Altogether 1000 people will be deployed during the construction of the project, which includes 600 unskilled, 300 semi skilled and 100 skilled manpower. Local people those are affected by the project implementation will be encouraged for employment. As far as possible, local semi skilled and unskilled labor will be used for construction activities and transportation of materials. 2.4.8 Project Duration The estimated duration of the project is 3.5 years. Implementation will consist of a 6-month pre-construction phase and 3 years of construction and commissioning phase. The construction work of transmission line will primarily be carried out during the dry season when ground conditions are essentially dry and river flows low to allow easy movement of materials and construction of towers. Construction activities during the monsoon season will primarily be restricted to stringing of conductors, although this activity may also be restricted by the weather. However, the construction work of the substation will be conducted throughout the year.

Resettlemention Action Plan 3. STUDY METHODOLOGY The methodology to collect data on socio-economic and cultural aspects for the RAP has included but not limited to literature review, survey of affected households (HHs), key informant interviews (Klls), participatory rapid appraisal (PRA) in the affected VDCs, focus group discussions (FGDs), market survey in the affected VDCs, field observation and informal discussion/meeting with district level government officials. Based on the data collected for SIA as well as detailed census survey of affected households and inventory of affected private/public assets, this RAP has been prepared.

The study team has adopted a participatory approach with maximum involvement of different stakeholders of the project at the local and district levels to generate relevant information for the RAP. The study team has maintained close contacts with the district level government relevant line agencies, VDC level key stakeholders and other stakeholders while conducting the fieldwork for the RAP.

The following methodology has been applied to collect social, economical and cultural data for the RAP. 3.1 Project Area Delineation Based on the review of maps, technical survey and field assessment for the RAP of the proposed TL project, the project area is defined as the area for the construction of a 400 kV transmission line alignment, construction of 400 kV substations (Bhokraha- Sunsari and Dhalkebar,Dhanusha), and upgrading of 400/220/132 kV substation (Hetauda-Makawanpur) as well as the area that will be impacted due to the construction and operation of the project.

The project area includes 95 VDCs and 2 municipalities of 10 districts including Makawanpur (5 VDCs and 1 municipality), Bara (2 VDCs), Rautahat (5 VDCs), Sarlahi (10 VDCs), Mahottari (18 VDCs), Dhanusha (13 VDCs), Siraha (16 VDCs and 1 municipality), Saptari (20 VDCs), Udyapur (2 VDCs) and Sunsari (4 VDCs) districts. The project area does not lie in the national park, the wildlife reserve, the buffer zone, conservation area and environmentally sensitive & fragile areas. The study area is divided into two parts on the basis of the proximity and magnitude of impacts as follows. 3. 1.1 Core Project Area The "Core Project Area" consists of the 46 m Right-of-Way (RoW), encompassing 23 m on each side of the alignment measured from its center line and the area occupied by the substations are considered as the core project area. This area is defined as the direct impact zone. 3.1.2 Surrounding Area The term "Surrounding Area" indicates a wider area, which will be directly or indirectly intluenced by the construction and operation of the project. This area includes all alignment encompassing VDCs/municipalities of the 10

Resettlemention Action Plan districts excluding areas mentioned as core project area (Table 2.1). This area is also termed as the "indirect impact zone".

3.2 Literature Review Relevant literature including survey report, publication of Central Bureau of Statistics, profile of District Development Committees (DDCs), RAP and other relevant documents/reports related to transmission line project were collected and reviewed extenSively to collect required data/information for the RAP. The following publications were particularly collected and reviewed to prepare the RAP: • Population of Nepal, Population Census 2001, Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal in Collaboration with UNFPA Nepal, 2002. • Population of Nepal, Population Census 2001, Selected Tables on Caste/Ethnicity, Mother tongue, and Religion, Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal 2002. • District profiles of concerned District Development Committees. • Village Development Committee Profile of Nepal. • Collection and review of National Plans, Policies, Acts and Rules related to social impacts and other loses especially the land acquisition, compensation and resettlement. • Review of The World Bank Safeguard Policies

3.3 Identification of the Stakeholders and Consultations The stakeholders were identified by the study team with the help of representatives of district level government offices (DDC, CDO, DFO, DHO, DADO etc.) and representatives of local government bodies (VDC), NGOs, CBOs, teachers and other key informants of the area.

The identified key stakeholder are project affected families (PAFs), affected communities/groups, vulnerable groups, representatives of local government bodieslline agencies, non governmental organizations (NGOs), community based organizations (CBOs), community forestry user groups (CFUGs), women organization, teachers and political party.

The identified stakeholders were consulted to solicit their views, concerns regarding the project and their expectations from the project as they are the directly or indirectly affected by the project and have important role to influence the project implementation.

3.4 Preparation and Finalization of Study Tools After discussion and consultation with The World Bank team and review of relevant reports and documents, study tools for SIA and RAP were prepared to collect required information/data from the field. All the study tools were prepared in close consultation with The Word Bank team. All the study tools were pre-tested outside the project areas of Siraha and Saptari districts.

Resettlemention Action Plan Based on the findings of the pre-test the study tools were finalized and used in the field.

3.5 Selection and Training of Supervisors and Enumerators Local qualified enumerators and supervisors with previous experience in similar survey work were hired for the field work. It has eased the survey process by their familiarity to the area, people and local languages. Gender balance and ethnic diversity was maintained while hiring the field team. A one-week extensive training for the supervisors and enumerators was conducted in Lahan. Altogether 6 Supervisors and 24 local enumerators (12 male and 12 female) had participated in the training. The Resettlement/Community Development Expert and 3 professionals of ESSD had facilitated the training.

3.6 Sample Distribution The SIA and RAP studies have covered 95 VDCs and 2 municipalities of the 10 project affected districts. Altogether 97 PRAs, census of 133 affected households, 194 Klls, market survey in 95 VDCs and 2 municipalities, 47 FGDs including 22 with occupational/ethnic group and 25 with female group was conducted in the project area (Table 3.1).

Table 3.1: Sample Distribution

I Key FGD District PRA Survey i Informant Market Occp./Ethnic • Female HH Interview Survey i MakwCinpur 6 6 12 6 3 3 • Bara 2 - 4 2 1 - • Rautahat 5 - 10 5 1 1 ! Sarlahi 10 7 20 10 1 3 • Mahottari 18 13 36 18 3 3 Dhanusa 13 43 26 13 3 5 Siraha 17 22 34 17 3 3 Saptari 20 19 40 40 4 5 Udayapur 2 - 4 2 1 1 Sunsari 4 23 8 4 2 1 Total 97 23 194 97 22 25

3.7 Fieldwork The fieldwork of SIA and RAP was started from September 24, 2010 under the close supervision and guidance of the Resettlement/Community Development Expert and the ESSD professionals and completed in one month. A tentative field schedule and reporting formats for PRA and FGD were provided to the field team to ease the reporting process and maintain uniformity of the reports.

Resettlemention Action Plan 3.8 Census of Directly Affected Households and Structures Census survey of directly project-affected 133 household (whose land and house will be acquired for angle tower pads and houses/structures to be acquired in ROWand substations) was conducted to collect socioeconomic data and issues/concerns of the affected households. The household census was conducted using a semi-structured household survey questionnaire.

There are altogether 88 households affected by angle towers and 45 households by the sub-stations including 6 households who will lose 7 residential structures and two cowsheds. Similarly, one school located in sub­ station area of Bhokraha, Sunsari and three temples located along the ROW are also covered in census and inventory.

3.9 Key Informant Interviews (Klls) Key Informant Interviews (Klls) were conducted with 194 purposively selected key informants including 2 key informants from each affected VDC/municipality to assess their views; concerns and expectation from the project and relevant information of the project area. The key informants included representatives of local government bodieslline agencies, NGOs, CBOs, CFUGs, women organization, teachers, political party leaders and other intellectual of the project area. The Klls was conducted using an in­ depth interview guideline.

3.10 Focus Group Discussions (FGD) Among the qualitative techniques, FGD is preferred for its in-depth approach and functionality. For in-depth understanding and analysis of the perceptions of stakeholders, altogether 47 FGDs were conducted including 25 FGDs with female and 22 FGDs with occupational/ethnic (male) groups. The VDCs and municipality for the FGDs were purposively selected considering representation of geographic location and caste/ethnic groups of the project area. The partiCipants for the FGDs were also purposively selected from the project affected VDCs. Altogether 393 partiCipants including 215 female and 178 male had partiCipated in the FGDs. The FGD was facilitated using a topic guide.

3.11 Participatory Rapid Appraisal Altogether 97 Participatory rapid appraisals (PRAs) were conducted including one in each VDC/municipality affected by the project to collect basic socio economic data, views, concerns and expectation of the local people from the project. Similarly, the participants were also informed regarding the project and its activities during the PRA. Altogether 2191 participants including 291 female representing different groups, former VDC Chairman, VDC Secretary, school teacher, businessmen, farmer, student, social workers and representatives of women organizations, NGOs, CBOs, political parties etc.

Resettlemention Action Plan had participated in the PRA. The average number of participants in each PRA was 23 persons. A checklist was developed to facilitate the PRA (Annex-1).

3.12 Market Survey Market survey in the 95 project VDCs and 2 municipalities was conducted to collect prevailing market price of consumption goods, construction materials, wage rate, land price etc. A market survey checklist was prepared and used to conduct the market survey.

3.13 Meetings/Consultations Informal meetings/consultations were also conducted with the relevant government officials (CDO, LDO, VDC Secretary), NGOs, CBOs, CFUGs of the project districts to collect information about the project area, their concerns/expectation and inform them about the project and its ongoing activities. 3.14 Data Encoding and Analysis The field Supervisors were responsible to make sure that all the required information collected properly and consistent. Any miSSing or inconsistent information was collected or corrected in the field before living the site. After completion of the field work the collected data was encoded and analyzed in Kathmandu. The household survey data was processed using computer software whereas the other data was processed manually. One Database Expert was responsible to develop data entry program, data cleaning/editing, managing the data entry process and processing data in Kathmandu. The Data Manager has worked in close coordination with the experts.

3.15 Categorization of Impacts and Mitigation Measures Matrix method has been used to assess impact of the project. The significance of both identified and predicted impacts were evaluated. Based on the evaluation each significant impact was further categorized as high, medium and low in terms of magnitude, short term, medium term and long term in terms of duration and local, site specific and regional in terms of extent. The magnitude, extent and duration were categorized as per National EIA Guideline 1993. Considering the impacts appropriate mitigation measures have been developed.

3.16 Criteria for Defining Project Affected and Vulnerable Households The criteria for defining project affected and vulnerable households has been set based on followings: • Marginally Affected Households: Households losing less than 10.0% of their total land.

Resettlemention Action Plan • Severely Affected Households: Households losing more than 10% of their total land. This includes two sub-categories: i) Households losing more than 10% to 50% of their land and ii) Households losing more than 50% of their land. The households losing residential structures are also included in this category. • Vulnerable Households: Women headed households, single women headed households, household heads with disabilities/old age, infected with chronic disease and HIV/AIDS, and Dalit households affected by the project are categorized under this category.

3.17 Definitions The following definitions will be applied in the Resettlement Action Plan for the project: • Compensation: The payment in cash or kind for private property acquired by the project at replacement value as defined by the Compensation Determination Committee (CDC) based on the RAP guidelines and framework. • Compensation Determination Committee (CDC): The district-level committee established under Section 13 (2) of the Land Acquisition Act, 2034 (1977) to determine replacement value and compensation rates for property acquired under the Act. • Cut-off Date for Eligibility to Entitlement: The cut-off date for eligibility to compensation and assistance will be the date of notification by the CDC/HDDTL Project, NEA for land acquisition and compensation of affected households/assets. • Entitled Person: Any person who is entitled to compensation due to loss of privately owned assets and other rehabilitation assistance. • Project Affected Person: Any person directly affected by the project through the acquisition of assets belonging to him/her of his/her household or community. This includes any person whose rights, standard of living, subsistence and income-generating capacity are adversely affected through the acquisition of assets, whether full/partial, or permanent/temporary. • Project Affected Household: Family members living together and sharing a Single kitchen affected by acquisition of their assets, will be entitled for compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation measures. • Project Affected Group: Communities or groups, that loses community resources due to the project. • Rehabilitation: The measures taken to mitigate identified social impacts, including compensation, resettlement, rehabilitation and transition allowances where required. • Replacement Cost: With regard to land and structures, "replacement cost" is de'fined as follows: ? For agricultural land, it is the pre-project or pre-displacement,

Resettlemention Action Plan whichever is higher, market value of land of equal productive potential or use located in the vicinity of the affected land, plus the cost of preparing the land to levels similar to those of the affected land, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes.

)0- For houses and other structures, it is the market cost of the materials to build a replacement structure with an area and quality similar to or better than those of the affected structures or to repair a partially affected structure, plus the cost of transporting building materials to the construction site, plus the cost of any labor and contractors' fees, plus the cost of any registration and transfer taxes. • Titleholder: The person in whose name the project-affected land and/or building is registered and the person who is authorized by law to receive the compensation provided for the acquisition of land and/or building. • Tenant: A person occupying/using land of a titleholder according to the stipulations of the Land Act, 2021 (1964). • Vulnerable Groups: Social categor1es whose livelihoods may be particularly vulnerable to disturbances created by the project. These groups include women headed households and Dalits.

3.18 Team Composition The RAP is prepared by team of professionals specialized in field of social science, resettlement and rehabilitation and community development with the help of field support team. • Team Coordinator- Rabindra Chaudhary • Resettlement & Rehabilitation/Community Dev. Expert- Bharat Mani Sharma • Socio-economist- Achut Dawadi • . Sociologist- Bhakti Timsina • Public Relation Officer- Raja Ram Thapaliya • Database Expert - Deepak Neupane

Field Support Team • Supervisors - 6 • Enumerators - 24 (12 female and 12 male)

Resettlemention Action Plan 4. REVIEW OF RELEVANT POLICIES, ACTS, REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES AND CONVENTIONS 4.1 General Environmental management is relatively a new subject in Nepal. This chapter focuses on brief description of the policy, legal and administrative framework within which Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project will be implemented (including Dhalkebar-Bhittamod stretch). The proponent will fulfill the legal requirement of Government of Nepal (GoN) as well as The World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies and will be responsible for fulfilling provisions of all relevant acts while implementing the project.

Some of these national and international pOlicies, acts, rules, guidelines and conventions relevant to the proposed project regarding RAP are described below. The proponent will obey and follow if any other legal provisions besides those already mentioned in this chapter are attracted due to various activities that will be undertaken as part of the project.

4.2 Constitution, National Plan/Policies, Acts, Rules and Guidelines 4.2.1 Constitution and Policy 4.2.1.1 Interim Constitution of Nepal, 2006

Article 13 (3) stated that discrimination shall not be conducted based on color, origin, caste and language. Article 13 (4) mentioned that equal wages shall be given to female for same kind of work. Article 19 (2) mentioned that that the state shall acquire legal private property only for public interest and Article 19 (3) mentioned that compensation shall be provided for such acquired property as prescribed by law. Article 35 (5) of the Interim Constitution mentioned about environmental awareness to general public, minimization/avoidance of the impact of physical development works on environment and rare speCies with due emphasis of conservation. This article also deals with the biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of natural resources and equal distribution of benefits.

4.2.1.2 Forestry Policy, 2000

The Forestry Policy 2000 (revised) highlight the forest conservation, management and their sustainable use through people's participation. The long term objectives of the policy are to meet people's basic needs for fuel wood, timber, fodder and other forest products on sustainable yield basis to protect land against degradation and to conserve the ecosystem and genetic resources. The implementation of the project should not hamper the objectives.

Resettlemention Action Plan 4.2.2 Acts 4.2.2.1 Land Acquisition Act, 1977

It is the main legislation to guide the land acquisition process in the country. Government can acquire land at any place in any quantity by giving the compensation pursuant to the act for the land required for any public purpose or for the operation of any development project initiated by government institution (sections 3 and 4).

The compensation paid under this act will be given in cash. To decide about the amount of compensation the act has made provision for the constitution of Compensation Determination Committee (CDC). This act is silent about the payment of compensation at market rate, which pose difficulty for the payment of compensation at present value.

4.2.2.2 Forest Act, 1993

Act, 1993, Section 49 of the act prohibits reclaiming lands, setting fires, grazing, removing or damaging forest products, felling trees or plants, wildlife hunting and extracting boulders, sand and soil from the national forest without the prior approval. Section 68 (1) of the Act empowers the government to permit the use of any part of government managed forest, community forest; leasehold forest etc, if there is no alternative except to use the forest area for the implementation of a plan or a project of national priority without significantly affecting the environment.

4.2.2.4 Local Self Governance Act, 1999

Local self Governance Act, 1999 empowers the local authorities and makes them more responsible towards local development. Article - 6 of VDC deals with the environment conservation and management while deSign the project/program. Article - 8 deals with penalty if any body/person/institution is found polluting the environment. The act empowers municipality to control and manage different type of pollution, forest resources and other natural resources.

4.2.2.5 Labor Act 1992

This act has been enforced by GoN in May 15, 1992. This act classified people below 15 years as child and minor "Nabalik" for the age group of above 14 years and below 18 years. The act has also made provision of labor court and Department of Labor. The act clearly mentioned that appointment letter should be issued for all the employees, which include their working hours, working time, wages and other benefits. The act allows for the time bond contract for the manpower required for development work. The act specifies that working hours for the Nabalik and women must be within the period of 6 AM to 6 PM that clearly restrict to deploy women in night works. The act also stated that equal opportunity shall be given to women as man. Similarly, working period of other employees must not exceed 8 hours a day

Resettlemention Action Plan and 48 hours in a week. If some people work beyond that period overtime allowances must be paid which is 150 % of the normal per hour wages and such overtime must not exceed 4 hours in each day. According to this act wages rate of the employees shall not be less than rate fixed by the Gol\!.

4.2.2.6 Land Reform Act, 2021 (1964)

The Land Reform Act, 1964 is considered as a revolutionary step towards changing the existing system of land tenure by establishing rights of tenants and providing ownership rights to actual Tiller. To date it has been amended five times. Article sets ceiling on land ownership according to geographical zones. Article 25 (1) of this act deals with tenancy rights that also exists.

4.2.3 Rules/ Regulations 4.2.3.1 Electricity Regulations, 1992

Section Chha of Article 12 and section Chha of Article 13 of Electricity Regulation 1992 are important from environmental viewpoint. The Initial Environmental Examination report should address the environmental issues, measures required to mitigate the significant adverse impacts. This regulation has also made provision for the formation of Compensation Determination Committee for compensation of the land required for the project.

4.2.3.2 Local Self Governance Regulation, 2000

Local Self-Governance Regulation empowers the local bodies to coordinate and implement development programs and for rationale utilization of local natural resources. Article -7 (69) empowers the VDCs for monitoring and supervision of development work implemented in the VDC. The Article - 4 of DDC has provision of three members (Agriculture, Forest, and Environment) committee to look after the concerned issues.

4.2.3.3 Forest Regulation, 1995

Rule 65 of the Forest Regulation stipulates that in case the execution of any project having national priority in any forest area causes any loss or harm to any local, individual, or community, the proponents of the project itself shall bear the amount of compensation to be paid. Similarly, the entire expenses required for the harvesting, logging and transporting of the forest products in a forest area should be borne by the proponents of the projects.

4.2.4 Guidelines

4.2.4.1 National Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines, 1993

According to the guidelines, lEE is mandatory for hydroelectric projects with generating capacities up to 5 MW. This guideline is frequently used and quite helpful right from making terms of reference to preparing impact assessment

Resettlemention Action Plan matrix and assigning values on impacts ranking. The other important feature of the guideline is description on community participation. Clause 49 deals with the methods to involve the public.

4.2.4.2 EIA Guideline for Agriculture Sector 2003

The EIA Guideline for Agriculture Sector 2003 was developed to minimize impacts on the agriculture sector due to increase in agricultural products and production and the activities of projects implemented by other organizations. Schedule 2 of the Guideline discusses the screening process for environmental studies, Schedule 4 relates to EIA scoping and Schedule 5 describes the requirements for the EIA TOR.

The construction of the transmission line will involve the acquisition of cultivated land for tower sites and may involve the leasing of cultivated land for temporary construction sites, thus standing crops may be affected and therefore the provisions of this Guideline are relevant to the project.

4.3 ILO Convention on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, 1989 (No.169) Nepal ratified ILO Convention No. 169 on September 14, 2007. In 2007 the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted by the General Assembly. The declaration reaffirms the irnportance of the principles and approaches provided for under Convention No. 169 and its adoption therefore provide afresh impetus for promoting the ratification and implementation of Convention No. 169. ILO Convention No.169 highlights the need to recognize indigenous and tribal people's specific knowledge, skills and technologies as the basis for their traditional economies and self­ determined development process. Article -1 of the convention provide definition of the tribal and indigenous people. Article -6 deals the consultation of the peoples concerned through appropriate procedure and in particular through their representative institutions, whenever consideration is being given to legislative or administrative measures which may affect them directly.

In Article 15, the rights of the peoples concerned to the natural resources pertaining to their lands shall be specifically safeguarded. These rights include the right of these people to participate in the use, management and conservation of these resources. The use of the term lands includes the concept of territories, which covers the total environment of the areas that the peoples concerned occupy or otherwise use. The peoples concerned wherever possible shall participate in the benefits of such activities and shall receive fair compensation for any damages that they may sustain as a result of such activities. Article 16 (2) clearly mention that where the relocation of these peoples is considered necessary as an exceptional measures such relocation shall take place only with their free and inform consent. Where their consent cannot be obtained, such relocation shall take place only following appropriate procedures established by national laws and regulations, including public inquiries where appropriate, which provide the opportunity for

Resettlemention Action Plan effective representation of the peoples concerned. Article 16 (3) mention that whenever possible these peoples shall have the right to return their traditional land as soon as the grounds for relocation cease to exist. Article 16(5) elaborated the persons thus relocated shall be fully compensated for any resulting loss or injury.

4.4 The World. Bank Safeguard Policies The World Bank has diffrent safeguard policies mainly environmental assessment, natural habitats, forest, pest management, safety of dams, involuntary resettlement, indigenous people, cultural property, projects involving international waters, projects in disputed area etc. The objectives of Safeguard policies are to integrate environmental and social issues in to decision making, to support PartiCipatory approaches and transparency, to effective implementation of project for achieve sustainable development etc.

The objective of these policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. These policies provide guidelines for bank and borrower staffs in the identification, preparation, and implementation of programs and projects. Safeguard pOlicies have often provided a platform for the participation of stakeholders in project design, and have been an important instrument for building ownership among local populations.

4.4.1 Involuntary Resettlement Involuntary resettlement may cause severe long-term hardship, impoverishment, and environmental damage unless appropriate measures are carefully planned and carried out. The basic principle of Involuntary Resettlement Policy are; avoid, minimize and mitigate involuntary resettlement impacts, payment of compensation before taking possession of the property, compensation at replacement cost and carry out consultation from beginning to end of the project. For these reasons, the overall objectives of the Bank's policy on involuntary resettlement are the following:

(a) Involuntary resettlement should be avoided where feasible, or minimized, exploring all viable alternative project designs.

(b) Where it is not feasible to avoid involuntary resettlement, resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable the persons displaced by the project to share in project benefits.

(c) Displaced persons should be meaningfully consulted and should have opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs. (d) Displaced persons should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms,

Resettlemention Action Plan to pre-displacement levels or to levels prevailing prior to the beginning of project implementation, whichever is higher.

To address the impacts covered by this policy, the borrower must prepare a resettlement plan or a resettlement policy framework. The framework shall include consultation process, alternatives, compensation at full replacement cost for losses of asset, assistance (such as moving allowances) during relocation, residential housing, or housing sites, or, as required, agricultural sites, offered support after displacement for a transition period to restore their livelihood and standards of living and provide with development assistance such as land preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities in addition to compensation measures.

4.4.2 Indigenous People The World Bank defines indigenous people, as the people, who have their self-identification, collective attachment to ancestral lands, customary culture, economic, social, . political institution and indigenous language. The World Bank recognizes that the identities and cultures of indigenous peoples are inextricably linked to the lands on which they live and the natural resources on which they depend. These distinct circumstances expose indigenous people to different types of risks and levels of impacts from development projects, including loss of identity, cultlJre, and customary livelihoods, as well as exposure to disease.

As social groups with identities that are often distinct from dominant groups in their national societies, indigenous peoples are frequently among the most marginalized and vulnerable segments of the population. As a result, their economic, social, and legal status often limits their capacity to defend their interests in and rights to lands, territories, and other productive resources, and/or restricts their ability to partiCipate in and benefit from development. At the same time, The World Bank recognizes that indigenous people playa vital role in planning and implementation of development projects and their continued consultation, participation and cooperation are of profound significance in all projects.

4.4.3 Disclosure Policy

As per Bank's disclosure policy, the safeguard documents, especially the RAP and Social Impact Managemetn Framework (SIMF) will be disclosed for access to the public at various levels and sites. At the central level, the soft copy of the documents will be posted in the website of NEA, the Executing Agency of the Project. In parallel, this would be disclosed in the Infoshop of the World Bank. Disclosure of the summarized translated Nepali version of thse documents will also be made at the local level in compliance with the World Bank Disclosure Policy to enable ordinary people of the project area. The hard copies would be made public in different places viz Project site offices, DOCs, CDCs and VDCs.

Resettlemention Action Plan 5. COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM The public, as the citizens of a republic country and key stakeholders in development have the right to know and to be involved in information exchange and decision-making that affects their lives, resources and properties from the beginning of a project. Community participation and consultation from the beginning is crucial to reduce misunderstandings and successful implementation of a project and it is also a legal provision. When the public is well informed and motivated, project implementation could be relatively trouble-free. Considering this, the project has given emphasis to community participation and consultation throughout the preparation of this RAP.

5.1 Procedure for Consultation and Participation Participatory rapid appraisal (PRA) and focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant Interviews (Klls) and with key stakeholders were used as main tools for community consultation and participation. During the consultation the participants and households were requested to express their concerns/issued regarding the project as well as they were informed regarding the project and its activities. Information such as project purpose, project type, impact area, likely impacts and potential opportunities were informed to the people during the consultation.

As part of public consultation, PRA and FGDs and Klls were conducted from September 24 to October 7, 2010. A total 97 PRAs including one in each affected VDC and 47 FGDs including 25 with female and 22 with male Occupational/ethnic, groups were conducted in the project area (Table5.1).

Table 5.1: Distribution of PRA and FGD Sample FGD District VDC/Municipality PRA ! Klls . Occp./Ethnic Female Makwanpur 5/1 6 12 3 3

. Bara 2 2 4 1 - i • Rautahat 5 5 ! 10 1 1

! Sarlahi 10 10 20 1 3 Mahottari 18 18 36 3 3 Dhanusa 13 13 26 3 5 Siraha 16/1 17 34 3 3 Saptari 20 21 42 4 5 Udayapur 2 2 4 1 1 Sunsari 4 4 8 2 1 · Total 97 97 196 22 25

Altogether 2191 participants including 13.3 % female had participated in the PRA. Of the participants 38.8% were Janjati (Tharu, Magar,Tamang, Rai, Newar, Majhai, Danuwar etc), 26.3% were Brahmin/Chhetri, 12.4% were

Resettlemention Action Plan Yadav, 6.7% were Shah (Teli, Halwai, Sud hi), 6.6% were KOiri/Mahato, 4.8% were Dalit (Kami, Damai, Sarki, Sada etc.), 2.3 Hajam, and 2.1% were Muslim.

Similarly, altogether 178 male and 215 female had participated in the FGDs. Of the participants 53.9% were Janjati (Magar,Tamang, Rai, Bhujel, Newar, Tharu, Danuwar etc), 26.0 % were Dalit (Kami, Damai, Sarki, Chamar, Musahar etc.), 9.9% were Brahmin/Chhetri, 4.3% were Yadav, 3.8% were Mahato and 2.0% were Muslim.

Similarly, 194 in-depth interviews were conducted with local key stakeholders to know their views, concerns regarding the project. The key stakeholders were informed about the project and its activities.

Besides this household survey, informal meetings with key stakeholders of the project area, visit by the experts and interaction with local people were also the part of public consultation. The district and local level organizations such as District Development Committees, Village Development Committees, health posts, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other related organizations were also consulted during the study.

The concerns/issues of local people/institutions have been incorporated in relevant section of the RAP. The summery of date and issues raised and discussions are presented in Annex -2.

5.2 Key Issues/Concerns Raised During Community Consultation The local people have positive attitude regarding implementation of the project realizing the need of transmission line for regular supply of electricity and solve the problem of load shedding. During the community consultation several issues and concerns were raised by the people. The key issues and concerns raised by the local people are related to compensation, employment, alignment of the transmission line, mitigation and enhancement measures and community participation in the project activities. The summery of key issues/concern raised by the local people during community consultation are grouped and summarized in Table 5.1.

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 5.1: Summery of Key Issues and Concerns

Key Areas of Concerns Details of Issues/Concerns

Compensation • Appropriate compensation for land and private property • Compensation of land/property as per the prevailing market rate • Ease the land acquisition/compensation process • Information regarding valuation process • Low valuation of land under the Row • Refusal of land within ROW for collateral by banks Livelihood • Employment to local people during the construction period • Provide Job to seriously project affected people • Provide income generating/skill development training i (forest/agriculture related • Alignment of Transmission • Avoid agricultural/private land . Line • Avoid settlements and market centers near the TL • Avoid/minimize impact on religious places • Protect/conserve religious/tourist places Community Support • Support for education, adult literacy, health and Programs drinking water • Support for small infrastructure development (like rural road improvement, bridge, school, irrigation etc.) • Minimize load shedding • Regular supply of electricity • Electrification in the villages • Reduce electricity tariff • Free electricity • Provide electricity for irrigation (poles in the agriculture field) • Support for flood control !. Promote industrialization for employment generation • Protection of human and livestock from high voltage (electriC hazards) • Information about negative impact/risk of 400 kV TL and safety measures I Community Participation • Involve local people during implementation of the project work • Maintain transparency in the project activities • Provide ro er information re ardin the ro'ect

5.3 Continuation of Consultation Process The consultation process will be continued during the entire project period. A GRC will be established for continuation of the process. All the genuine issues/concerns raised by the local people will be collected and addressed accordingly by the project. In addition, monthly reporting in Nepali will ensure that the public and stakeholders are well informed regarding the project activities.

Resettlemention Action Plan The major issues raised during consultation process will be addressed through different mechanism and support system to the affected people. Major areas of public concerns pertain to right amount of compensation for their lost assets, supports for their livelihood, selecting best TL alignment to avoid and minimize losses and enhanced participation of the people at different forums and levels of project implementation. The role of Project and CDC will be crucial to identify and listen the issues raised by the people and address them rightly in close and continued consultation process. In addition, the public have demanded several community support programs as a measure to improve their livelihood and it seems important for the project and public to sit together and come up with consensus regarding the areas of supports that they might be provided. Contitued consultations with the public, therefore, seem to be the most strategic approach for the project to discuss and decide areas of supports at different stages of project cycle i.e design, implementation and post implementation.

5.4 Grievance Redress Mechanism Grievance redress mechanism will be established to allow project affected persons/households (PAPs/HHs) to appeal any disagreeable decisions, practices and activities arising from compensation for land and assets. The PAPs/HHs will be made fully aware of their rights and the procedures.

There is the potentiality for two types of grievances: grievances related to land acquisition and resettlement requirements, and grievances related to compensation or entitlement. The PAPs/HHs will have access to both locally constructed grievances redress committees specified i.e. LCF and formal courts of appeal system. Under the latter system every PAP/HH can appeal to the court if they feel that they are not compensated appropriately. They may appeal to appellate court within 35 days of the public notice given to them.

Grievance recording register will be maintained at HOD Environment and Social Management Unit established at site. Project affected people as well as local people can lodge their complaints at HDD-ESMU office related to assets acquisition and construction related activities.

Special project grievance mechanisms such as on site provision of complain hearings allows project affected persons/HHs and communities to interface and get fair treatment on time. The project authority will ensure that funds are delivered on time to CDC and the implementing partners for timely preparation and implementation of social activities, as applicable. The compensation issues and rehabilitation measures will be completed before civil work starts. Civil works contracts will not be awarded unless required compensation payment has been completed.

PAPs/HHs and community will be exempted from all administrative fees incurred, pursuant to the grievance redressal procedures except for cases filed in court. Proposed mechanism for grievance resolution is given below:

Stage-1

Resettlemention Action Plan Complaints of PAPs/HHs and community on any aspect of compensation, relocation, or unaddressed losses of private and community property shall in first instance be settled verbally or in written form in field based project office on sites. The complaint can be discussed in an informal meeting with the PAPs/HHs and project Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Unit. The land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Officer will be responsible to handle the grievances at this stage. This Unit will be created within the Project Directorl Manager Office with vertical linkage with ESSD of NEA The Unit will be solely responsible to be in close contact with all affected people and public and hear, record and formally file their complaints in the registers on a regaular basis. The Unit will made necessary inquery and verification regarding the complain address the issue within 7. days of complain registered.

Stage -2 If issue is not addressed within 7 days of written application to the satisfaction of PAPs/HHS they can file formal type written complain to HOD Environment and Social Management Unit. While lodging the complaint, the PAP/HH and community must produce documents to support their claim. The Social Development! Resettlement Expert of the Unit will made field observation and discuss the issue with Project Director/Manager through the Coordinator. If issue is still not resolve to the satisfaction of both the parties the issue will be discussed in Local Consultative Forums (LCFs). The LCF will be established in each district to handle initial grievances of the project affected people and community and will be based in appropriate project site/location of the district to provide easy access to the people. Although formed at district level, the LCF will be led by locally respected person with other members being the VDC representatives and PAF representative and will be inclusive in nature representated by female, Dalits, Janajatis etc. The numbers of the LCF, however, may subject to vary in different districts depending upon the number of VDCs that are located within the TL corridor.

The HDD-ESMU will coordinate the meetings with LCF and will attempt to make a decision acceptable to all parties. The LCF will play key roles in public consultations, grievance handlingl managing at local level, participate proactively in planning and implementation process and key decision making matters that contribute to better outcomes and performances, especially in RAP implementtion. The issue thus brought to LCF will be resolved within 15 days from the date of the complaint received. The community liaison officer and Social Development! Resettlement Expert will play active role to resolve the issues.

Stage -3 If no understanding or amicable solution reached or no response from the project office, the PAP/HH or community can appeal to the CDC, particularly if the issue is related with loss of private assets and compensation. As a formal body with legal standing, all other relevant complaintsl grievances not resoleved at earlier stages, may also be registered with CDCs for timely resolution. While lodging the complaint, the PAP/HH and community must

Resettlemention Action Plan produce documents to support their claim. The CDC will provide the decision within 15 days of registering the appeal. For other unresolved social and environmental issues PAP/HH or community can appeal to Ministry of Environment. The Ministry may address the issues as per the Environmnet Protection Rules (clause 17) of Government of Nepal.

Stage -4 If the PAP/HH and local community are not satisfied with the decision of CDCI Ministry of Environment or in absence of any response of its representatives, within 35 days of the complaint, the PAP/HH and community may submit its case to the District Court. The decision of the court will be acceptable to both parties.

Resettlemention Action Plan 6. SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE PROJECT AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS

This section describes the socioeconomic status of project affected households based on the findings of survey of 133 households of 7 districts of the project area. There are no project affected households in Bara, Rautahat and Udayapur district. The alignment of the transmission line passes through forest and public land of these districts. Of the 133 project affected households, most (32.3%) households are located in Dhanusa whereas only few (4.50%) households are located in Makwanpur district (Table 6.1).

Table 6.1: Total Number of Project Affected Households District Project Affected Households i Dhanusa 43 32.30 • Mahottari 13 9.80 Makwanpur 6 4.50 • Sa pta ri 19 14.30 Sarlahi 7 5.30 Siraha 22 16.50 Sunsari 23 17.30 Total/Ave. 133 100 Source: Field Survey, 2010 6.1 Demographic Characteristics Population and Households The total population of the 133 affected households is 873, consisting of 463 (53.04%) males and 410 (46.96%) females. The population of surveyed households is high in Dhanusha and low in Makawanpur.

The sex ratio (number of males per hundred females) ranges from 99.29 in Dhanusha to 140.00 in Makawanpur, with an overall sex ratio of 112.93. The ratio is higher than the ratio recorded in the Population Census 2001 (99.80).

The average HH size of the surveyed Households is 6.3 persons higher than the national size recorded in the Population Census 2001. The average HH size ranges from 5.6 persons to 7.1 persons (Table 6.2).

T a bl e 62. . O'IS t rl'b u f Ion 0 fS urveye dH ouseh 0 Idsan dPopu Ifa Ion I Population Households Average Districts Male Female Total i Sex Ratio Total HH Size • Dhanusa 140 141 281 99.29 43 6.5 Mahottari 41 37 78 110.81 13 6.0 Makwanpur 21 15 36 140.00 6 6.0 Saptari 75 67 142 111.94 19 7.5 Sarlahi 21 18 39 116.67 7 5.6 Siraha 71 62 133 114.52 22 6.0 Sunsari 94 70 164 134.29 23 7.1 Total/Ave. 463 410 873 112.93 133 6.6 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Regarding family structure of the surveyed households, 57.89% are living in a

Resettlemention Action Plan nuclear family and 42.11 % are living in a joint family. Broad Age Structure of Population

The surveyed population comprises 26.80% children (0-14 years), 65.06% people in the economically active category (15-59 years) and 8.13% aged people (above 60 years).

The overall dependency ratio is 53.70% with child dependency ratio 41.20% and aged dependency 12.50% (Table 6.3). . T a ble 63. . O'Istrl "b utlon" 0 fS urveyedP opu I' atlon b,y B roa dA~ge G roupls Broad Age Groups Total Population ListriC," 0-14 15-59 60 Years and I Years Years Above : Dhanusa 80 180 21 281 • Mahottari 20 47 11 78 Makwanpur 9 25 2 36 Sa~tari 35 91 16 142 Sarlahi 10 26 3 39 Siraha 35 93 5 133 Sunsari 45 106 13 164 Total 234 568 71 873 Percent 26.80 65.06 8.13 100.00 Dependencl': Ratio 41.20 53.70 12.5 - Source: Household Survey, 2010

Marital Status

Regarding marital status of the surveyed population, 49.710% is married, 46.85% is unmarried and 3.44% is widow or widower.

Literacy Status

Of the surveyed population aged six years and above, nearly 18.0% is . illiterate. The gender gap in literacy is wide. The illiteracy among women is 28.27% whereas the illiteracy among men 8.53% (Table 6.4).

Table 6.4: LiteraCl Status (6 Years and Above) Male Female Total Literacy Status No. % No. % No. Illiterate 37 8.53 106 28.27 143 ~ Literate 397 91.47 269 71.73 666 82.32 Total 434 100.00 375 100.00 809 100.00 Source. Household Survey, 2010

Educational Attainment

Educational attainment among the 666 people recorded as literate is not satisfactory, with about 14.86% having no formal education and a further 22.52% achieving a primary level education only. Of the literate population, 13.36% had passed the School Leaving Certificate (SLC) and nearly 13.0%

Resettlemention Action Plan the intermediate level; and 9.61 % had a bachelor's or higher degree (Table 6.5).

Ta bl e 65. . Ed uca I'lona I Attammen . t amon~ th'e L'tI era t e Popu Ifa Ion Educational Male Female Total Attainment No. % No. % No. % i Literate only 39 9.82 60 22.30 99 14.86 ' Primary level 89 22.42 61 22.68 150 22.52 I Lower secondary 58 14.61 39 14.50 97 14.56 • Secondary 57 14.36 25 9.29 82 12.31 SLC 59 14.86 30 11.15 89 13.36 i Intermediate 46 11.59 39 14.50 85 12.76 Bachelor's and above 49 12.34 15 5.58 64 9.61 Total (Literate) 397 100.00 269 100.00 666 100.00 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Caste and Ethnic Composition

The project area is diverse in caste/ethnicity. The project affected households comprises of 29 different caste/ethnic groups of hill and Terai origin. These caste/ethnic groups have been further broadly categorized as Terai origin caste groups (advance), Janajati, Brahmin/ChhetrilThakuri, Dalit and Muslim (ethnic minority). Of the affected households 46.62% are Terai origin caste groups, 32.33% are Janajati, 12.03% are Brahmin/ Chhetri, 5.26% are Dalit and 3.76% are Muslim (Table 6.6).

Ta bl e 6 .6 . Cas t eIEth mc. C omposl Ion 0 fth e 5 urveyedP opu If a Ion Caste/Ethnic Group No. of HHs • Percent I

Terai Origin Caste Groups (yadav, Teli, Sundhi, Baniya, 62 146.62 i Mandai, Koiri, Kushwaha, Thakur, Bhumihar, Kalwar, Haluwai, Baniya, Badhayi,Kapar, Badhayi ! Janajati (Magar, Tamang, Newar, Tharu, Bhujel, Danuwar, Majhi) 43 132.33 Brahmin/Chhetri 16 12.03 Dalit (Kami, Damai, Sarki, Musahar.. Chamar.) 7 5.26 I I Muslim 5 13.76

Total 133 100 i Source. Household Survey, 2010

Migration

In migration is very low compared to other similar areas of Nepal in the project area. The project area is dominated by native (native refers to those born in the same ward of residence). Of the 133 surveyed households, only 21.05% (28) are migrant households.

Of the surveyed households, the migrant households have been in their current place of residence for various durations. Of the 28 migrant households, one migrated to the current place of residence since the last five

Resettlemention Action Plan years, 3 migrated before 5 to 10 years and 21 migrated before 10 to 20 years. Of the surveyed households, 41.35% households reported their family members are absent at the time of survey. Of the total population, 10.6% was absentee population including 59.14% internal absentee population and 40.86% external absentee population.

Language

Maithali is the main spoken language in the family of the surveyed households of the project area. Of the households; 54.14% speak Maithali in their family. Similarly, the other spoken languages in the family are Nepali (27.07%), Tharu (12.03) and Tamang (6.77%) Maithali is the spoken language of Terai origin caste/ethnic groups (Table 6.7) . T a bl e 67. O'IS t rl'b u f Ion 0 f8 urveyedH ouseh 0 Id s bIY 8,po k en L angua~e Lan~uage I

Nepali Tamang Maithali Tharu Total Districts No. % No. % No. % No. % Households Dhanusa 12 27.91 2 4.65 29 67.44 - - 43 Mahottari - - - - 13 100.00 i - - 13 Makwanpur 3 50.00 3 50.00 - - - 6 Saptari 4 21.05 - 5 26.3 10 52.63 19 Sarlahi 5 71.43 . 1 14.29 1 14.29 - - 7 I Siraha I 6 27.27 3 13.64 7 31.82 6 27.27 22 Sunsari 6 26.09 - 0.00 17 73.91 - - 23 Total 36 27.07 9 6.77 72 54.14 16 12.03 133 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Religion

The households of the project area follow Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam religions, Of the surveyed households 86.47% follow Hinduism, 9.77% follow Buddhism and 3.76% follow Islam religion (Table 6.8)

Table 6.8: Distribution of Surveyed Households by Religion..... of the Project Area Religion Hinduism Buddhism Islam Total I Districts No. % No. % No. % Households Dhanusa 37 86.05 6 13.95 - - 43 i Mahottari 10 76.92 - - 3 23.08 13 Makwanpur 3 50.00 3 50.00 - - 6 Saptari 19 100.00 - - - - 19 SarJahi 6 I 85.71 1 i 14.29 - - 7 Siraha 18 81.82 3 13.64 1 4.55 22 Sunsari 22 I 95.65 - - 1 4.35 23 Total 115 86.47 13 9.77 5 3.76 133 i Source: Household Survey, 2010

Resettlemention Action Plan 6.2 Economic Characteristics Occupation/Employment

Agriculture, service (salaried job), wage employment and business/small industry are the main sources of livelihoods of the surveyed households. Agriculture is the main occupation of 27.33% of the economically active population, followed by service (10.53%), wage employment (7.47%), business and small industry (5.43%). Nearly 28.0% of the economically active population is students and 21.56% of the economically active population is engaged in household work (Table 6.9).

Table 6.9: Occupational Composition of Surveyed Population (14 to 59 Years) Male Female Total Main Occupation No. % No. % No. % • Student 101 31.96 61 22.34 162 27.50 Agriculture 85 26.90 76 27.84 161 27.33 Household Work 12 3.80 115 42.12 127 21.56 Service (Inside Country) 38 12.03 12 4.40 50 8.49 Business and small industry 29 9.18 3 1.10 32 5.43 LaborlWage (In Country) 18 5.70 3 1.10 21 3.57 LaborlWage (Outside Country) 21 6.65 2 0.73 23 3.90 Service (Other Country) 11 3.48 1 0.37 12 2.04 Unable to work 1 0.32 - - 1 0.17 Total 316 100.00 273 100.00 589 100.00 Source: Household Survey, 2010 .

The gender difference in occupational composition among the surveyed households is evident from the table 6.25. Most of the economically active men, compared to the economically active women, are engaged in non-farm. On the other hand, the economically active women, compared to male are involved in non-income generating activities i.e. household works. This scenario is typical in Nepal where women, traditionally engaged more in household work and men in other non-farm activities.

Business and Cottage Industry

Of the surveyed households, only 25.56% are engaged in business and cottage industry in the project area. The percentage of households involved in the business and cottage Industry is high in Dhanusha (53.57%) compared to the other districts. Regarding types of business of the households, 55.88% are engaged in petty business and 11.76% are engaged in cottage industry, and rent/supplies respectively. Similarly, 8.82% of the households are engaged in workshops and other business respectively. A small proportion of the households (2.94%) was involved in tea shop/restaurant business. The average monthly income was high (NRs. 10000) from workshops and low (NRs. 5300) from cottage industry.

Ownership of House and Valuable Household Assets

Of the 133 households, 95.50% are living in their own house and 50% are living in rented or relatives house. Of the households who are living in rented

Resettlemention Action Plan house, 6.98% (3 out of 43) are living in Dhanusha, 7.69% (1 out of 12) in Mahottari, 5.26% ( 1 out of 18 in (Saptari) and 4.35% (1 out of 22) in Sunsari districts.

Ownership of valuable household assets is an indicator of economic well being. To assess ownership of household assets by the surveyed households (133) question asked. Bicycle mobile phone and television are the most common assets owned by the households of the project area. Of the households 84.21 % own bicycle, 51.9% own mobile phone, 41.4% own cupboard and 32.0% own television. Similarly, a few households of the core project area also own valuable assets such as cabinet, CDIDVD player, motorcycle/scooter etc. (Table 6.10).

Ta ble 610. . P ercentageofH ouse hold s Havmg . House h 0 idAsse ts I Assets Ownership (%) Average No. of I Yes No Value (NRs.) Households Telephone 8.27 91.73 4,554 11 Mobile phone 84.21 15.79 4,275 112 i CD/DVD/cassette 30.08 69.92 3,930 40

player i i Television 53.38 46.62 13,475 71 Computer/printer 5.26 94.74 42,142 7 I ~e ... 72.93 27.07 3,288 97 I ---=---Motorcycle/scooter.... 19.55 80.45 95,249 26 i Freeze !freezer 8.27 91.73 16,136 -t 11 Cabinet 45.86 54.14 3,993 61 I Radio 36.84 63.16 980 49 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Food Security

The project area is food deficit area. Only 37.6% of the surveyed households could grow enough food for their consumption in a year. All the households of Sarlahi and 86.05% households of Dhanusha are in poor position regarding food production compared to the households of other districts (Table 6.11).

Table S. 11: Food Sufficiency of the Surveyed Households by Own Production Sufficiency District ! Total No. of Yes No • Households I Dhanusa 13.95 86.05 43 • Mahottari 46.15 53.85 13 : Makwan~ur 50 50 6 I Saptari 57.89 42.11 19 Sarlahi 0 100 7 I Siraha 45.5 54.5 22 Sunsari 60.9 39.1 23 i I i Total 50 83 133

I Percentage 37.6.- 62.4 100 ! Source: Household Survey, 2010

Of the surveyed households, about 50.0% reported food deficiency of 6-9 months, 21.10% for months than 9 months. Similarly, about 30.0% reported food shortage for less than 5 months (Table 6.12).

Resettlemention Action Plan Ta ble 6. 12 . F 00 d 0 ef' ICIency . 0 fth e S urveyedH ouse h 0 lei s Food Deficit Months District Total No. of <3 3-5 6-9 >9 Households

! Dhanusa 1 11 14 11 37 Mahottari 1 1 4 1 7 Makwanpur 1 2 3 Saptari 2 6 8 Sarlahi 1 1 1 4 7 Siraha 2 9 1 12 Sun sari 4 4 1 9 • Total 3 I 21 i 39 20 83 Percent 3.61 25.30 46.99 24.10 100 Source. Household Survey. 2010

Of the surveyed households, 27.71% work as wage labor, 21.69% take loan and about 15.66% depend on income of business to cope their food deficiency. Similarly, 14.46% of the households sell their household assets to meet their food requirements. Therefore, it reveals that a large proportion of the households is poor and depends heavily on income of wage employment, sell of assets and loan to fulfill their subsistence (Table 6.13).

Ta ble 613 Stra t egy 0 fth e S urveye dHouse hold s t 0 C ope th e F0 od 0 ef' ICtency Strategies District Total No. of Wage Sell of Business Hous Loan Labor HH Income Salary Others ehold Assets s Dhanusa 10 8 2 9 4 4 37 i Mahottari 2 2 1 2 7 Makwanpur 2 1 3 Saptari 1 4 1 2 8 Sarlahi 3 2 1 1 7 Siraha 1 5 2 4 12 • Sunsari 1 6 1 1 9 • Total 18 23 12 13 12 5 83 I Percent 21.69 27.71 14.46 15.66 14.46 6.02 100 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Family Debt

Family debt is another important indicator to assess economic status of a family. No debt or small amount of debt indicates healthy economic status of the family. However, it also depends on the purpose of the debt. Of the surveyed households, about 69.92% (93) have family debt for various reasons. The proportion of the households having family debt is more than 50.0% in all the districts (Table 6.14)

Resettlemention Action Plan Ta bl e 614. 0 e btStatuso fth e S urveyedH ouse holds Debt Status District I . Total No. Yes No of HHs I Dhanusa 30 13 43 • Mahottari 10 3 13 Makwanpur 5 1 6 Saptari 13 6 19 ! Sarlahi 6 1 7 I Siraha I 12 10 22 • Sunsari 17 6 23 93 40 133 ~Percent 69.92 i 30.08 100 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Of the households who have taken loan, over 20.0% have taken it for food and clothing, 17.20% have taken for education of their children and 13.98% for migration. The other reasons for taking loan are treatment, house repair, purchase agriculture land, treatment (Table 6.15).

Table 6.15: Reason for Taking Loan by the Surveyed Households Reason District ! House Purchase. Migration Education Treat I Marri Foodl I Total repair Agri.land ment • age/ri Clothi • No. of tuals ng HHs 6 2 3 10 Dhanusa 3 6 30 Mahottari 1 1 1 2 3 2 I 10 . Makwanpur 1 2 1 1 r 5 Saptari 1 1 3 2 5 1 13 Sarlahi 1 1 1 I 3 6 ! Siraha 1 4 1 2 1 3 12

! Sunsari 3 5 3 3 2 1 17 Total 11 13 13 16 8 13 19 93

Percent 11.83 ! 13.98 13.98 17.20 8.60 13.98 20.43 100.00 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Income and Expenditure

Income

The main sources of income of the surveyed households are agriculture, animal husbandry and other off-farm (non-agricultural) activities. Off-farm activities include professional services, petty trade, cottage industry, pensions, wage labor, remittance and others.

The weighted average annual income of surveyed households is NRs 153, 463. The contribution of off-farm is 56.68%, agriculture 40.16%, and livestock 3.15% to the total household income.

The contribution of the various income sources to total household income varies considerably. The off-farm income ranges from NRs. 65,387 in Mahottari to NRs. 107,038 in Dhanusha. Agricultural income varies from NRs. 17,985 in Makawanpur toNRs. 80,840 in Saptari (Table 6.16).

Resettlemention Action Plan e Ta ble 616 A verage A nnua ncome ofS urveyedH ouse h 0 Id s i " Annual Average Income from Different Sources Non- District Agriculture Livestock Agriculture Total NRs. % NRs. % NRs. % NR.s. % Dhanusa 54,299 I 32.67 4,844 2.91 107,038 64.41 166,181 100.00 Mahottari 74,730 I 52.68 1,730 1.22 65,387 46.10 141,847 100.00 I Makwanpur 17,985 i 14.84 ' 14,333 11.82 88,897 73.34 . 121,215 100.00 Saptari I 80,840 I 45.62 6211 3.51 90,152 50.87 177,203 100.00 I , Sarlahi 25,857 I 22.87 9,487 8.39 77,736 68.74 tio8O 100.00 Siraha 7,575 . 43.40 , 2,753 I 1.77 85,383 54.83 ,711 100.00 i Sunsari 68,695 J 44.26 4,782 3.08 81,714 52.65 ,191 100.00 . Average I 61,633 4,840 86,990 153,463 Source: Household Survey. 2010

The share of agriculture income is highest (40.18%) among the household income sources. Similarly, the other important household income sources of the surveyed households are service (19.51%), Remittance (14.88%) and cottage industry (10.19%), wage employment, animal husbandry, business/trade and pension/allowance (Table 6.17).

Table 6.17. Annual household income by Type of Income Income Source Ave. Income % (NRs.) Agriculture Income (net Income from cereals and 61,663 40.18 cash crop production) Service 29,937 19.51 ! Remittance 22,842 14.88 Cottage industry 15,642 10.19 i Daily wages/porter 11,544 7.52 i , Animal Husbandry (sale of livestock/products) I 4,840 3.15 i Business/trade/petty business(shop, retail shops) 3,962 2.58 I Pension and old age allowance 1,827 1.19 Others 1,206 0.79 ! Total average income 153 ,4.:.6~:..::.3_-,-- .... ~..::.=~-,100.00 Source. Household Survey, 2010

Expenditure

The expenditure of the surveyed households could be broadly categorized under two headings: expenditure on food items; and expenditure on non-food items. Non-food expenditure items, in turn, can be broadly grouped as fuel and light; (kerosene and electricity); and other (education, medicine, clothing, festivals, transportation). The annual weighted average expenditure of the surveyed households is NRs 106,422. Food items form the largest expense category, accounting for 50.21 % of total reported expenditure. Expenditure on food items ranges from 43.71% in Sunsari to 62.56% in Sarlahi. Expenditure on education is the second important category, accounting 19.06% of the total expenditure ranging from 9.14% in Sarlahi to 22.72% in Makawanpur (Table 6.18).

Resettlemention Action Plan T a bl e 618 A verage A nnua IExpen diture 0 fthe S I:Jrveye dH ousehold s Total Expenditure Headings (%) i Expenses WafMl Food Clothi Educatio I Commu Electricit Transporta I District Items ng n Fuel nication y tion (NRs) Dhanusa 53.15 10.38 19.25 5.79 3.55 2.44 5.43 110.694 Mahottari 54.38 11.73 21.38 5.71 2.09 1.34 3.37 114.860 i I Makwan '" or 50.47 7. 22.72 5.93 3.09 2.62 7.61 97.211 Saptari 46.79 16.76 18.82 8.00 4.96 1.71 2.96 106,906 Sarlahi 62.56 17.74 9.14 4.54 1.60 1.15 3.27 i 89.058

. Siraha 50.45 14.55 18.88 5.93 3.72 2.00 4.46 93.159 i Sunsari 43.71 15.65 20.06 10.37 3.71 2.04 4.46 109.011 Percentagel Average 50.21 13.70 19.06 6.84 3.52 2.00 4.67 106,422 I Source: Household Survey, 2010

The households were asked regarding their required monthly household income in order to meet basic requirements of their family (food, clothing and other basic requirements). Of the respondents, about 44.0% said below NRs. 10000 per month and 41.35% said NRs. 10000 to 15000 per month (Table 6.19).

Table 6.19: Required Monthly Household Income in Order to Meet Family's Basic Requirements (food, clothing and other basic requirements) Required District Monthly Income (NRs.) < 5- 10- 15- 20- No. of 2500 25-5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 I >25000 HHs

·Dhanusa 2 17 9 10 4 1 43 I Mahottari 1 7 2 1 1 1 13 Makwanpur 1 3 2 6 Saptari 4 9 1 3 2 19 ~flahi 1 3 2 1 7 Siraha 3 10 5 1 2 1 22 • Sunsari 4 7 7 3 2 23 Total 1 10 47 33 22 13 7 133 I Percentage 0.7§"=~ 7.52 35.34~~24.81~~16.54 ..... 9.77 5.26 100 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Energy Sources

Fuel wood is the main source of energy for cooking and electricity for lighting for the households of the project area.

Of the surveyed households, 84.21 % use fuel wood as source of energy for cooking. Similarly, 11.28% households use LPG and 4.51% use kerosene for cooking. All the households of Makawanpur use fuel wood for cooking where as only 69.23% of the households use fuel wood in Mahottari. It could be due to distance to forest and availability of LPG in the area (Table 6.20).

Resettlemention Action Plan Ta bl e 620. 5 ourceofE nergy f or th e 5 urveye dH ouse holds f or C 00k' 109 Source District ! LPG Fuel wood Kerosene ! N % N % N % Dhanusa 37 86.05 I - - 6 13.95 Mahottari 9 69.23 I 2 15.38 2 15.38 Makwanpur 6 100.00 i - - - • Saptari 17 89.47 . 1 5.26 ~ 5.26 • Sarlahi 7 100.00 I - - - - Siraha 19 86.36 I 2 9.09 =f= 1 4.55 Sunsari 17 73.91 1 4.35 5 21.74

Total 112 84.21 ! 6 4.51 15 11.28 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Of the surveyed households, 86.47% use electricity and 13.53% use kerosene for lighting. The use of electricity varies from 42.86% in Sarlahi to 100% in Makawanpur. The use of electricity is low among the households of Sarlahi and Mahottari compared to the households of other districts (Table 6.21).

T a ble 6 21 5 ourceoflO Ig hflOgo fth e 5 urveyedH ouse holds in the Project Area Source District Electricity Kerosene N % N % • Dhanusa 41 95.35 2 4.65 Mahottari 7 53.85 6 46.15 Makwanpur 6 100.00 - 0.00 Saptari 16 84.21 3 15.79 Sarlahi 3 42.86 4 57.14 Siraha C 20 90.91 2 9.09 Sunsari 22 95.65 1 4,35 i Total 115 86.47 18 13.53 . Source: Household Survey, 2010

The monthly consumption of fuel wood of the surveyed households varies from less than 200 Kg to more than 600 Kg. Of the surveyed households, 18.75% use less than 200 kg, 42.86% use 200-400 Kg, 26.79% use 400-600 Kg and 11.61 % use more than 600 Kg fuel wood per month for cooking.

Regarding source of fuel wood 23.21% household collect fuel wood from community forest, 8.93% collect from private forest, 12.50% collect from government forest and 55.36% purchase from the local people. Purchase of fuel wood is high in Mahottari, Dhanl.lsha, Sunsari and Siraha compared to the other three districts (Table 6.22).

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 6.22: Source of Fuel wood for the Surveyed Households : District Source

Com. Forest Govt. Forest Private Forest Purchase N % N % N % N % Dhanusa 3 8.11 8 21.62 3 8.11 23 62.16 Mahottari - - - - 2 22.22 7: 77.78 Makwanpur I 3 50.00 1 16.67 - - 2: 33.33 • .Saptari 10 58.82 - 0.00 - - 7· 41.18 i Sarlahi 2 28.57 2 28.57 1 14.29 2 28.57 . Siraha 5 26.32 2 10.53 1 5.26 11 57.89 . Sun sari 3 17.65 1 5.88 3 17.65 : 10 58.82 Total 26 23.21 14 12.50 10 8.93 62 55.36 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Of the surveyed households, 92.48% have electricity connection. All the surveyed households of Makawanpur have the connection whereas; only 71.43% households of Sarlahi have the electricity connection (Table 6.23).

Table 6.23: No. of Household Having Electricity Connection in the ProjectArea Electricity Connection District Yes No Total N % N % N % I Dhanusa 42 97.67 1 2.33 43 100 I i Mahottari 10 76.92 3 23.08 13 100 . Makwanpur 6 100.00 - - 6 100 ! Saptari 18 94.74 1 I 5.26 19 100 : : Sarlahi 5 71.43 2 28.57 7 100 • Siraha 20 90.91 2 9.09 22 100 : Sunsari 22 95.65 1 4.35 23 100 Total 123 92.48 • 10 7.52 . 133 100 Source: Household Survey, 2010

6.3 Agriculture Landholding

As in other parts of Nepal, land is a primary asset for livelihoods in the project area. Ownership of 'large' landholdings is also symbolic of economic and social status. In Nepalese society, land is regarded a permanent productive asset and inherited.

The surveyed households own and operate 237.01 ha land. This land consists of three types, namely Khet (lowland - irrigated and un-irrigated), Sari (upland) and Ghaderi (plots for house construction). The average land holding of the affected households is 1.78 ha. The average household land holding size is highest (2.26 hal in Saptari and lowest (0.31 hal in Makawanpur. The per capita landholding size is 0.27 ha with lowest (0.05 hal in Makawanpur and highest (0.33 hal in Mahottari (Table 6.24).

Resettlemention Action Plan T a ble 6 24 . L andh 0 Id'mgso fth e S urveyedH ouse h 0 Id s b,y Tiype 0 fLan d District HH I Irrigated Un- Bari I House Total Ha/HH Per I • Khet irrigated Plot Capita •

Khet i I Land i Dhanusa 43 4.88 76.67 5.69 3.11 I 90.35 2.10 0.32 Mahottari 13 5.31 18.18 1.39 0.65 ! 25.53 1.96 0.33 i Makwanpur 6 0.78 0.31 0.74 0 I 1.83 0.31 0.05 • Saptari 19 5.49 31.51 4.27 1.7 I 42.97 2.26 0.30 Sarlahi 7 0.68 0.88 1.21 0.51 3.28 0.47 0.08 Siraha 32.34 1.47 0.24 22 13.07 15.72 2.57 0.98 I I Sunsari 23 18.46 19.54 1.25 1.46 40.71 I 1.77 0.25 Total/Average 133 48.67 162.81 17.12 8.41 I 237.01 1.78 0.27 Source: Household Survey. 2010

The grouping of the surveyed households according to landholding size shows that the majority have very small landholdings - 29.32% are marginal landholders with landholdings up to 0.5 ha, while 52.63% have landholdings of between 0.5 ha and 2.0 ha (classified as small landholders). Thus, marginal and small landholders comprise about 81.95% of the surveyed households. About 18.05% of the surveyed households have landholdings larger than 2.0 ha.

Marginal landholders operate 4.99% of the total reported landholdings while small farmers operate 33.22%. In contrast, the medium and large landholders own about 61.79% of the total reported landholdings (Table 6.25).

T a ble 6. 25 D'Istrl 'b utlon . 0 fH ouse h 0 Ids b)y L an dh 0 Id'109 S·rze 10. th e Project Area Landholdi ng Categories* I Households Total Landholdi ng I Size of Holding I Area Category (ha) No. % (ha) % · Marginal I Up to 0.5 I 39 29.32 11.82 4.99 I 0.5 -1.0 I 33 24.81 25.06 10.57 I i Small 1.0-1.5 20 15.04 24.15 10.19 I 1.5 - 2.0 17 12.78 29.53 12.46 • Medium 2.0 - 4.0 I 14 10.53 39.1 16.50 Large I > 4.0 ha. 10 7.52 107.35 I 45.29 Total I 133 100.0 237.01 100.0 Source: Household Survey, 2010. ·Landholdlng categories based on Rural Credit ReView Study 1991192, Nepal Rastra Bank (Central Bank of Nepal), 1993.

Of the affected households, 10.53% are female headed households and 89.47% are male headed households. Of the female headed households 57.14 are marginal farmers. The average landholding of male headed households is 1.92 ha whereas the female headed households have 0.62 ha average land holding (Table 6.26).

Reseltiemention Action Plan Table 6.26: Landholding by Sex of Household Head Number of Total Area Average Holding Landholding Categories Households (ha) per Household (ha) Size of Holding Male- Female- Male- Female- Male- I Female- Category (ha) headed headed headed headed headed . headed Marginal Up to 0.5 31 8 9.92 1.9 0.32 0.24 0.50 -1.00 29 4 3.25 0.75 0.81 iOO -1.50 20 .15 1.21 15 2 ~' 3.55 1.73 1.78 Small .50 - 2.00 8 !

! Medium 2.00 - 4.00 I 14 39.1 2.79 Large > 4.0 ha. 10 107.35 10.74 Total 119 14 228.31 8.7 1.92 0.62 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Of the affected households about 47.0% are Teari origin caste/ethnic groups, 32.33% are Janjati, 5.26% are Dalits and 3.76% are Muslim. Similarly, 12.03% are Brahmin/Chhetri (Table 6.27).

T a ble 6 27 . Cas t eIEth me. C ompos iflono fth e Aftee t e d H ouse h0 Id s ! CastelEthnic Group ! Total HH % Area (ha.)

Terai Origin Caste Groups (Yadav, Teli, I 62 46.62 120.19 Sundhi, Baniya, Mandai, Koiri, Kushwaha, Thakur, Bhumihar, Kalwar, HaluwaLBadhai, Kapar)

Janajati (Magar, Tamang, Newar, Tharu'l 1 32.33 82.00 i Bhuiel, Danuwar, Maihi) 43 Brahmin/Chhetri/Thakuri i 16 12.03 23.42 Dalit (Kami, Damai, Sarki, Musahar, 5.26 2.91 Chamar) 7 Muslim I 5 3.76 8.49 Total I 133 100 237.01 Source: Household Survey, 2010

The land transaction of the affected households is very low. Of the households, only 7.52% had sold their land during the last 12 months. Of them 70% had sold Khet and 30.0% had sOld Sari.

Crop Production

Paddy, sugarcane, wheat, maize and millet are the main crops cultivated by the surveyed households. Other crops include vegetables, potato and pulses.

In terms of area coverage, paddy cultivation ranks first, sugarcane second, wheat third and maize fourth. Paddy is primarily grown in Khet. Similarly, maize is primarily grown in Bari, however nowadays its cultivation in Khet is also increasing in the project area. The overall cropping intensity is 152.742 (Table 6.28).

2 Cropping intensity refers to the total cropped area divided by the total cultivated area, multiplied by 100.

Resettlemention Action Plan T a bl e 6 28 M'aJor CAerop rea overage, Pdfro uc Ion an dY'Ie Id ! Major Crops Description Paddy Wheat Maize Millet Sugarcane Potato I Vegetables Total area cropped (ha) 181.55 59.4 18.65 9.35 67.85 5.82 6.55 Khet (ha) 173.15 58.5 14.0 7.75 43.75 4.15 I 4.8 Bari (ha) 804 0.9 4.65 1.6 24.1 1.67 1.75 Total production (MT) 287.2 44.3 13.4 7.6 570.1 10.6 I 26.3 Yield (MT/ha) 1.58 0.75 0.72 0.81 8.40 1.82 I 4.02 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Horticulture

Some of the households in the project area grow fruits such as banana, guava, mango, Leechi, jackfruit, citrus species as commonly grown in Terai.

Livestock

Livestock ownership is an integral part of agriculture for the surveyed households of the project area. Of the surveyed households, about 80.0% have livestock. Of the households, all the households of Makawanpur and Sarlahi have livestock whereas only 65.12% households of Dhanusha have livestock (Table 6.29).

T a ble 6.2 9. Percentageo fH ouse ho Isd HaVInQ . L'Ivesto ck Livestock i District Yes No Total No. of HHs Dhanusa 65.12 34.88 43 Mahottari 76.92 23.08 13 I Makwanpur 100 0 6 Saptari 84.21 15.79 19

I Sarlahi 100 0 7 I Siraha 18.18 22 Sun sari 91.381'~H 8.70 23 Total 79.70 20.30 133 Source: Household Survey, 2010

These households mainly rear buffalo, cattle and goats/sheep. Of the surveyed households, 38.83% own buffalo, 20.39% own cattle and 40.78% own goat/sheep. Average household herd sizes range from 2.15 in Mahottari to 6.68 in Saptari, with an average of 5.32. Keeping fowls is also common in the area however, none of the households of Mahottari have fowls (Table 6.30).

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 6.30: Livestock p o~LJatlon b~ l)pe i Type of Livestock District Average Cattle Buffalo Goat/sheep Total perHH Fowls Dhanusa 29 61 59 149 3.47 11 Mahottari 4 20 4 28 2.15 0 l""Makwanpur 5 9 13 27 4.50 16 • Saptari 33 48 46 127 6.68 34 Sarlahi 5 9 21 35 5.00 16 Siraha 10 34 52 96 4.36 29 Sunsari 29 38 35 102 4.43 12 ~.. 115 219 230 564 5.32 Percent 20.39 38.83 40.78 100.00 - Source: Household Survey, 2010

6.4 Drinking Water, Sanitation and Health Drinking Water

The major sources of drinking water for the households of the area are tube­ well, piped water and public tap. Of the surveyed households, 9.02% have access to piped water. Similarly, 66.17% households collect water from private tube-well and 24.81% from public taps (Table 6.31).

T a ble 6 31 S ourceof D'rln k"Ing Waero t f th e S urveyedH ouse h 0 Id s District Source

Piped Water Tube Well Public Tap N % N % N Dhanusa 7 16.28 27 I 62.79 9 .93 i bk Mahottari 13 100.00 . Makwanpur 1 16.67 2 33.33 3 50.00 Saptari 19 100.00 Sarlahi 1 14.29 6 85.71 Siraha 1 4.55 1 4.55 20 90.91 Sunsari 2 8.70 20 86.96 1 4.35 Total 12 9.02 88 66.17 33 24.81 Source: Household Survey, 2010

There is shortage of drinking in the project area. Of the surveyed households, 84.21% said their water demand is fulfilled by the existing sources where as 15.79% have water scarcity. The scarcity of drinking water is high in Sarlahi compared to the other districts (Table 6.32).

Resettleinention Action Plan T a ble 6 32 F u 1f'lII ment 0 f 0 fin. k'Ing W at er 0 eman db)y th e EXIS . f ,ng S0 urces Fulfillment District Yes No Total N % N % N % Dhanusa 33 76.74 10 23.26 43 100 Mahottari 12 92.31 1 7.69 13 100 Makwanpur 5 83.33 1 16.67 6 100 . Saptari 19 100 - - 19 100 Sarlahi 3 42.86 4 57.14 7 100 Siraha 18 81.82 4 18.18 22 100 Sunsari 22 95.65 1 4.35 23 100 Total 112 84.21 21 15.79 133 100 Source: Household Survey. 2010

Sanitation

Only some of the surveyed households of the area are aware of using toilets for personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Of the households, over 45.86% use own toilet for defecation. However, one third households use open field and about 20.0%) households use riverside and forest for the purpose. The use of own toilet is high in Makawanpur (66.67%) and low (14.29%) in Sarlahi (Table 6.33).

Ta bl e 633 : L oca t'Ion f or De fe ca f Ion b,y the Surveye dH ouse h 0 Id sin' the PrOJec , t A rea Location I I District Own Toilet Open Field RiverSide Forest N % N % N % N % Dhanusa 19 44.19 13 30.23 11 25.58 - - Mahottari 5 38.46 5 38.46 3 23.08 - - Makwanpur 4 66.67 - 0.00 1 16.67 1 ; 16.67 Saptari 10 52.63 9 47.37 - 0.00 - I Sarlahi 1 14.29 1 14.29 2 28.57 3 42.86 Siraha 9 40.91 11 50.00 2 9.09 - - Sunsari 13 56.52 5 21.74 5 21.74 - - Total 61 45.86 44 33.08 24 18.05 4 3.01 Source: Household Survey. 2010

Most households of the core project area are aware regarding waste management. Of the surveyed households, 69.17% dump waste at safe location. Similarly, 11.28% burn it, 15.04% bury it and 4.51 % use other methods for waste management. The proportion of households managing waste at safe location is high in Mahottari (84.62%) and low in Sarlahi (Table 6.34).

Resettlemention Action Plan , Ta ble 6 34 Me th o d so f S01 I'd W as t e 0'Isposa I' In th e P rOJec, tArea Location ! District I~ Dump at Safe Burn Buried Others Location N % N % N % N I % Dhanusa 30 69.77 5 11.63 7 16.28 1 1 2.33 • Mahottari 11 84.62 - - 1 7.69 1 7.69 • Makwanpur 3 50.00 2 33.33 1 16.67 - ! - Saptari 12 63.16 1 5.26 4 21.05 21 10.53 ! Sarlahi 2 28.57 1 14.29 4 57.14 - ! - ~a 18 81.82 3 13.64 0.00 1 • 4.55 Sunsari 16 69.57 3 13.04 3 13.04 • 1 I 4.35 Total 92 69.17 15 11.28 20 15.04 61 4.51 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Health

To assess health status of the family members of the affected households, data on seriously sick family members during the last 12 months was collected. Of the surveyed households, 30.08% reported family members seriously sick during the last 12 months. The proportion of such households is high in Mahottari (38.46%) and low (16.67) in Makawanpur (Table 6.35).

T a bl e 63, 5: Househo IdR e portmg S'erl0l.ls I 'Y- S'IC k Faml'Y- '1 Mem b ers Wit. h'm 0 ne Year Sick District Yes No Total N % N % N % . Dhanusa 12 27.91 31 72.09 43 100 Mahottari 5 38.46 8 61.54 13 100 Makwanpur 1 16.67 5 83.33 6 100 Saptari 6 31.58 13 68.42 19 I 100 Sarlahi 2 28.57 5 71.43 7 100 Siraha 6 27.27 16 72.73 22 100 -::---""" Sunsari 8 34.78 15 65.22 23 100 40 30.08 93 69.92 133 100 Total i :::--""" Source: Household Survey, 2010

Of the households reporting seriously sick family members, 55.0% reported old, 37.5% reported youths and 7.5% children were sick in their family.

6.5 Knowledge, Attitude and Expectations of the Affected HHs from the Project To assess attitude and expectation of the affected households questions were asked. T~lis section describes attitude and expectation of the affected households.

Regarding knowledge about the TL project 51.12% had knowledge about the project and 4.88% had no knowledge about the project. Of the households who had knowledge regarding the project, 68.66% had received the

Reset/lemention Action Plan information from NEA staff/Surveyors, 28.36% from neighbors and 2.99% from other source.

Of the affected households, 86.47% have positive attitude and 3.76% (5) have negative attitude regarding the project. However, 3.01% (4) are neutral and 6.77 (9) have yet not formed any opinion in absence of detail information about the project during the time of survey. Regarding reason for negative attitude, 3 out of 5 households are doubtful regarding proper distribution of compensation, one is unwilling to leave the place and one is reluctant to provide his land.

The affected households are expecting employment, good compensation, local development, and electrification from the project. Of the surveyed households, 37.59% expecting employment, 30.08% expecting good compensation 18.80% expecting local development and 13.53% expecting electrification from the project (Table 6.36).

T a ble 6. 36 . Expec tar Ion f rom th e P rOJec . t Expectation Districts Good Employment • Electricity Local Compensation Facility Development Dhanusa 14 20 . 2 7

Mahottari 2 6 4 1 ! Makwanpur 3 1 1 1 Saptari 5 5 5 4 ! Sarlahi 3 1 2 1 Siraha 9 9 2 2 Sunsari 4 8 2 9 Total 40 50 18 25 . Percent 30.08 37.59 13.53 18.80 Source: Household Survey, 2010

6.6 Compensation To know views of the affected households regarding compensation for loss of land/assets and use of compensation questions were asked. This section describes views of the affected households regarding compensation and its use.

The households were asked regarding their willingness to receive compensation in cash or kind. Of the households a majority (74.44%) said that they are willing to receive cash compensation. However, 22.56% said land for land and 3.01 % said house for house should be compensated (Table 6.37).

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 6.37: Households Willing Com~ensation for Property by Type Type Districts Land for House for Cash Land House Dhanusa 34 7 2

Mahottari 11 i 2 Makwanpur 3 2 1 • Saptari 13 5 1 • Sarlahi 1 6 Siraha 16 6 Sunsari 21 2 Total 99 30 4 Percent 74.44 22.56 3.01 Source: Household and Field, Survey, 2010

The households who are willing to receive cash compensation were further asked regarding the use of cash. Of the households, most (74.7S%) said they will purchase land form the cash compensation and 11.11 % said repayment of loan. Similarly, 8.08% said starting business and 6.06% said construction of house (Table 6.38).

Table 6.38: Use of the Cash compensation by Households

TYI~e Purchase House Repay Start Districts Land Cont. Loan Business • Dhanusa 21 1 7 5 i Mahottari 7 4 Makwanpur 3 Sa pta ri r--c 11 1 1 Sarlahi 1 Siraha 13 3 Sunsari 18 1 2 Total 74 6 11 8

~cent 74.75- 6.06 11.11- 8.08 Source: Household and Field, Survey, 2010

Resettlemention Action Plan 7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT

This section describes the details of affected assets due to implementation of the Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV Transmission Line Project. The major affected assets include loss of private property and public property. The private property includes loss of land, houses, cowsheds and trees. Similarly, the public property includes one primary school (Sunsari), three small temples in Siraha, Dhanusha and Mahottari.

These loses will occur due to construction of 136 angle towers, three sub­ stations of the project in different locations of different districts. The details of affected private and public assets have been described in the following sections of the chapter. 7.1 Loss of Land Altogether 133 households will lose 21.24 ha of private land due to construction of angle towers and substations. An attempt has been made to analyze the land loss by land holding size, gender, and farm categories and agriculture income below. The list of affected households losing land is provided in Annex - 3.

7.1.1 Land Loss by Land Holding

Regarding loss of land, altogether 63.91% (85 HHs) will loss less than 10% of their total land, 18.80% (25 HHs) will lose more than 10.0% to 50.0% of their holding and the remaining 17.29% (23 HHs) will lose more than 50% of their total land. Most households of the sUb-station area and very few households of angle points will lose a significant amount of land ranging from 10.0% to more than 50.0% of their total holding. These households are further categorized into two groups, a) households losing 10.0% to 50.0% of holding and b) households losing more than 50.0% of their holding. The households of losing more than 50.0% of their holding require special assistance (Table 7.1).

T a ble 71.: Percen t age L oss 0 f L an dfrom the Total L an d 0 fth e Aftec t e d HHs

Affected Categories of HHs ! Angle Substation Total and Land Loss (%) Points I I I

No. ('Yo) No. ('Yo) No. I ('Yo) 1. Marginally «10%) 81 92.05 4 8.89 ij63.91 2. Severely I a. (10 - 50%) 7 7.95 18 40.00 2 18.80 I b. (> 50%) - - 23 51.11 2 17.29 Total 88 100 45 100 133 I 100 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Resettlemention Action Plan 7.1.2 Loss of Land by Gender Category

Of the affected households, female heads 10.53% and male heads 89.47% households. The total land holding of the female headed households is 8.73 ha from which they will lose 26.0% of their total land whereas the male headed households will lose ha 8.3% of their total holding. This indicates that female headed households will lose more land than the male headed households. Therefore, the female headed households require special assistance (Table 7.2)

T a ble 7. 2 . O'IS t rI'b Uf Ion 0 fH ouse h 0 Id S b)y L an dh 0 kfmgan d 5 exofHH Hea d Landholding Size I Total Affected

_ ...... HH Area (ha.) Area (ha.) (%)

_ ...... Female headed 14 8.73 2.27 26.00

Male headed I 119 228.28 18.97 8.30 Total 133 237.01 21.24 - Source. Household Survey, 2010

7.1.3 Loss of Land by Farm Category and Agriculture Income

Altogether 21.24 ha of private land owned by 133 households (Annex - 3) will be acquired for construction of the project. Of the affected households whose land will be acquired by the project, 29.32% are marginal farmers, 52.63% are small farmers and 18.05% are medium and large farmers.

Of the marginal farmers, 23.08% farmers have 1.05 ha total holding, will lose 21.90% (0.23 ha) of their total land. Further, 76.92% farmers whose total land holding is 10.76 ha will lose 3.43 ha land, which is 31.87% of their total holding.

Of the small farmers, 27.14% have 12.23 ha total holding, will lose 29.76% (3.64 ha) of their land.

Similarly, 20.00% small farmers whose total holding is 12.77 ha will lose 26.31 % of their total land holding.

Further, 28.57% small farmers whose total holding is 24.26 ha will lose 16.49% land of their total holding. The remaining 24.29% small farmers whose total holding is 29.53 ha will lose 9.52% of their total holding.

The medium and large farmers whose holding is 146.41 ha will lose 2.57% of . their total land holding. This indicates that total 75.71% (53) marginal and small farmers will lose more than 10.0% of their total land holding (Table 7.3)

Resettlemention Action Plan T a ble 73. . Percentageo fL an d L oss b)y L an d Hid'0 In J S·Ize Landholdi ng Categories'" Total Affected Land loss HH Area Area % % I (ha.) (ha.) Category Landholding Size • Marginal Up to 0.25 ha . 9 1.05 0.23 1.08 21.90 i 0.25 - 0.50 ha. 30 3.43 16.15 31.87 I Small 0.50 - 0.75 ha. 19 3.64 17.14 29.76 0.75 -1.0 ha. 14 ~~~2.77 3.36 15.82 26.31 1.0 -1.5 ha. 20 .26 4.00 18.83 16.49 11.5-2.0 ha. 17 29.53 2.81 13.23 9.52 Medium and >2.0 ha. 24 146.41 3.77 17.75 2.57 large Total 133 237.01 21.24 100 - Source: Household Survey, 2010

An attempt has been made to estimate loss of agriculture income due to loss of land. About 82.0% households will lose less than 10% of their agriculture income, 12.78% households will lose 10.0% to 25.0% of their agriculture income, 3.01% households will lose 25.0% to 50.0% of agriculture income and 2.26% will lose more than 50.0% of their agriculture income (Table 7.4).

Table 7.4: Affected HHs by Percentage of Loss of Income due to Potential Loss 0 fA'~grlcu Iture I ncome % Loss of Total Angle Points Substation Total

Income No. (%) ! No. (%) No. (%) <10% 87 98.86 22 48.89 109 81.95 10 -25% 1 1.14 16 35.56 17 12.78 25-50% 4 8.89 4 3.01 I> 50% 3 6.67 3 2.26 i Total 88 100 I 45 100 133 100 Source: Household Survey, 2010

Apart from the permanent land acquisition project will also require about 5 ha land of for temporary uses which will be taken on lease. 7.2 Acquisition of House and Other Structures Construction of the project will involve removal of 9 houses/structures owned by 6 households (Annex - 4). This includes 5 structures owned by 3 households of Dhanusha, one structure owned by one household of Makawanpur and Sarlahi respectively and two structures owned by one household in Saptari. Of the households, 3 are Janjati (Table 7.5)

Table 7.5: Households Losing Houses/Structures by Caste/Ethnicity No. of Structure by Caste/Ethnic Group District Tamang Yadav Newar Brahmin HHs I No. of HHs No. of HHs No. of HHs No. of Structure Structure Structure Structure • Dhanusa 1 3 2 2 Makwanpur 1 1 Sarlahi 1 1 Saptari 1 2 • Total 2 I 4 2 2 1 1 1 2 Source. Household Survey. 2010

Resettlemention Action Plan Regarding the affected structures, seven are used for residential purpose and tow cowsheds. Of the residential structures, six are temporary type and one permanent (Pakki). Similarly, the two cowsheds are temporary type (Table 7.6).

T a ble 7. 6 . Anece t d Houses 1St ru ctures b)y TIype 0 fStru ctures Affected Houses I Caste/Ethnic No. of HHs Cowsheds Total Group Kachchi Pakki . Yadav 2 2 2 I Tamang 2 3 1 4 i Newar 1 1 1 i Brahmin 1 1 1 2 I Total 6 6 1 2 9 Source: Household Survey, 2010 Note: Pakki is permanent structure made of cement, brick and RCC roofing and Kachchi is temporary type of structure made of mUd, brick or bamboo with thatchl lyle roofing.

The total area of the affected houses and cowsheds is 0.14 ha including, 2790 sq. ft of Kacchi structures, 1200 sq. ft for Pakki structure and 320 for cow shed (Table 7.7).

Table 7.7: Area of Affected HouseslStructures Area in Sq. ft. I Type of Structures Length Breadth No. of Floor Area 30 12 1 360 25 10 1 250 I 22 15 1 330 Kachchi House 22 15 1 330 35 20 2 1400 20 15 1 300 Pakki 40 15 2 1200 15 8 1 120 Cowsheds 20 10 1 200 Source: HousehOld Survey, 2010

The magnitude of impact is considered to be high, extent is site specific and duration is long term.

7.3 Loss of Private Trees Altogether 591 standing trees owned by 33 (24.81%) households, including 525 fruit trees (89.44% of total trees), 44 timber trees and 22 fodder trees are located in the substation areas and within RoW which require removal (Table 7.8).

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 7.8: Households Loosing Trees by Type of trees I I Total No of Trees Districts Fruit Timber Fodder I

I HHs <5yrs 5+yrs HHs <5 yrs 5+yrs I HHs <5yrs 5 + yrs i IDhanusa 11 266 61 6 12 11 3 8 1 I I Mahottari 5 60 14 3 9 3 13

Saptari 3 73 i ! I Sarlahi ! 8 8 I 0 1 5 Siraha 6 22 21 2 5 2 ! Total 33 30 169 3 17 7 6 8 14 I Source: Household and Field, Survey, 2010

The magnitude of impact is considered to be low, extent is site specific and duration is short term.

7.5 Impact on Community Facility, Services and Resources Community infrastructures, facilities and services (e.g. health, education, communication and drinking water, community forest etc.) are important social resources that will be used by the construction workforce. However, as the size of construction workforce is 1000, of them 600 local and work nature is short term and site specific, the pressure on community infrastructures/facility and services is likely to be limited.

The implementation of the proposed project will affect 306.04 ha community forest from 67 community forests of ten project districts. The project will also affect 84.88 ha collaborative forest. Furthermore, due to use of forest resource by workforce pressure on forest resource will also increase.

Considering nature of the project and availability of local labor this impact is considered to be low. site specific and of short term. 7.6 Affected Community Structures i) School The Yuva Barsha Primary School located at Hanif Tole of Bhokraha VDC that falls in the SUb-station area. This is a small school where about 250 students are enrolled and about 100 students are regular. The school building is roofed with corrugated sheet and wall made of brick and cement.

The magnitude of impact is considered to be high, extent is site specific and duration is short term. ii) Temples . Altogether three small temples will be affected and require relocation due to the project. The affected temples and their significances are as follows:

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 7.9: Affected Temples and Their Significance S.N. Name of Temple Location Significan ce Remarks 1 Gram Devata Dewhar Bdaharamal, This is a small open People are Than Siraha sacred area worshiped ready to alter by Hindu caste/ethnic the site to near groups. Local people by location. worship here with a hope of better crop production and income :

one time in a year. This 1 area falls within the an Ie tower area. 12 Shiva Temple Banauta, A narrow throat temple People Mahottari of about 20 ft height suggested constructed and relocating in worshiped by local i near by location Hindu caste/ethnic . with better

groups This temple falls 1 structure. within ROW.

!3 Hanuman Temple Dhalkebar, 1 A narrow throat temple People Dhanusha of about 15 ft height. suggested constructed and ' relocating in I worshiped by local near by location . Hindu caste/ethnic with better groups. This temple falls structure. within sub-station

7.7 Reduction in Agricultural Production A total of 21.24 ha of cultivated land of 133 affected households will be permanently acquired and there will be permanent annual loss of 65 mt of food grains (including winter crops and summer crops). Paddy, wheat, maize, millet, potato, mustard, sugarcane and pulses are the crops likely to be affected by the land acquisition.

Resettlemention Action Plan 8. RESETTLEMENT, REHABILITATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES There are some adverse impacts of the project during its construction and operation phases that cannot avoided. The proponent as its prime responsibility will implement the proposed Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R &R) and enhancement measures to minimize the adverse impacts of the project. The details of mitigation and enhancement measures are provided in the following section and cost details are provided in Chapter 12. 8.1 Resettlement and Rehabilitation (R &R) Assistance The project will acquire permanently 21.24 ha private land, 7 residential structures and 2 cow-sheds. All the affected assets will be properly recorded and verified by the project and delegated Government and community representatives. Census and asset information will be maintained in a computerized database to manage and monitor compensation activities.

Eligibility, Cut-oft-date and Entitlement: All PAFs! SPAFs and affected peoples (APs) identified and recorded in the project-impact areas on the cut­ off date (date of public notification for property acquisition in case of title holders and census survey date in case of non title holders) will be entitled for different types of mitigation measures proposed in this RAP. These include primarily the cash compensation at replacement value for the affected assets, and combinations of rehabilitation measures that are sufficient to assist them to improve or at least restore the pre-project income! living standards and production.

The entitlement matrix given below in this chapter summarizes the main types of losses and the corresponding nature and scope of entitlements in accordance with GoN and WB policies. Based on technical design, the detailed losses of land and!or non land assets (structures) have been used for determining actual impacts and replacement values of assets. These information will be used by the CDC for valuation and the negotiation of land and property value between the project and owners as per the legal framework.

8.1.1 Compensation Determination Committees (CDC)

All affected households will be compensated for their lost assets. As per legal requirements a Compensation Determination Committees (CDC) will Qe formed and undertake the valuation of assets. The CDC will consist of:

• Chief District Officer of concerned district, • District Land Revenue (MaJpot) Officer of concerned district, • Representative of the District Development Committee of concerned district,

Resettlemention Action Plan • Representative of concerned VDC, • representatives of affected communities and households, and • Representative of the Project.

8.1.2 Valuation of Assets and Compensation

Considering the limitations of the Land Acquisition Act, 2034 (1977) improvements will be made to the principles of valuation in consultation with the local administration, affected households and stakeholders. The compensation to be determined by the CDC will be at replacement value. To ensure this, the CDC will take account of prevailing rates in the local market, transaction values and price information provided in this RAP. All the required procedures will be completed prior to implementation of the project. Apart from the rate fixed by the CDC, percentage loss of land of the households will also be a basis for compensation as per degree of loses.

The information of the land price collected during the SIA and RAP preparation is the main basis for valuation of assets. The prevailing average land price has been considered for the estimation purpose. Different rates have been considered for the tower pads and SUbstation located in rural, semi urban and urban areas. There are three types of land to be acquired i.e. land of urban area, semi-urban area and rural area. The total cost for 100% compensation of permanent land is estimated to be NRs. 142425000 (Table B.1).

T a ble 81.... Compensa f Ion 0 fP ermane rtLan d • Total Land Average Price/ha Total Land I Land Classification (ha) (Rs.) Price (Rs.)

I Urban area 7.33 9000000 65970000

• Semi-urban area 11.19 4500000 50355000 i Rural area 2.72 2500000 6800000 Rural area f---(~uspension Towers)3 ! 7.72 2500000 19300000 Total 28.96 142425000 ~ .... -

The figures provided in Table B.1 serves as good references for the CDC to decide and negotiate the replacement value of affected properties that will be acquired by the project. Obviously, higher rates are recorded for urban area followed by semi-urban and rural area that seem to be quite realistic with the prevailing practice in the field and also scientific than an adhoc or single rate system which could generally invite conflicts on land prices across different areas within project area. The CDC, which also consist one member from District Land Revenue Office (LRO), also refers current transaction value of land and structures that have prevailed at free markets in each district. Once

3 The area been calculated to estimate cost and required land for suspension towers. The owners of the land are yet to be identified after detail survey and hense not covered by the RAP.

Resettlemention Action Plan I.

the CDC collects and verifies different rates established in the project area, it is only thereafter that the committee works out the compensation rates that best represent the replacement value for particular category of land.

Considering the nature of the project single payment will be made to individual household for the entire compensation money to avoid administrative problem.

Land for land compensation is not proposed in this project due to the small area of land to be permanently acquired from various affected families. It is also impractical and difficult to allocate similar piece of agricultural land in the vicinity of the project area.

8.1.3 Assistance to Different Categories of Households Losing Land

Different types of assistance have been proposed for different category of affected households as follows. The details of mitigation cost has been provided in Chapter 12. i) Household losing less than 10% of their total holding

There are altogether 85 households who will lose <10.0% land. These households are under the category of marginally affected group and will be compensated for their land loss at replacement value as determined by CDC. Besides this due priority will be given for employment during construction. ii) Household losing more than 10% their total holding

As per the defined criteria household losing more than 10.0% of their holding are considered as severely affected families. This group includes the following two categories: a} Household losing 10.0% to 50.0% of total holding: There are altogether 25 households in the first severely affected category. These households will receive following assistance apart from the cash compensation.

• Livelihood assistance: Each household, apart from the land compensation, will be provided livelihood assistance equivalent to one year average crop loss of the acquired land. • Basic technical skill training: One family member of each household will be provided technical training in the areas of driving, plumbing, house wiring and motor rewinding as per their interest from government recognized training institutions. • Agriculture assistance: As these households still own some of their remaining agriculture land, they will be provided agriculture assistance to increase their land productivity. The assistance will include livestock/agriculture training to one family member of each household and

Resettlemention Action Plan inputs support including hybrid seed, small agriculture tools and livestock (goat/pig, poultry) based on their interest. • Priority for employment: First priority will be given to the family members of the households for employment in project construction. b) Households losing more than 50.0% of their total holding: There are altogether 23 households in the second severely affected category. These households will receive following assistance apart from the cash compensation.

• Livelihood assistance: Each household, apart from the land compensation, will be provided livelihood assistance equivalent to one year average crop loss of the acquired land.

• Advance technical skill training: One family member of each household will be provided technical training in the areas of repair and maintenance of mechanical and electrical equipment, motor rewinding and advance house wiring as per their interest from government recognized training institutions. • Agriculture assistance: As these households still own some of their remaining agriculture land, they will be provided agriculture assistance to increase their land productivity. The assistance will include livestock/agriculture training to one family member of each household and inputs support including hybrid seed, small agriculture tools and livestock (goat/pig, poultry) based on their interest. • Employment: Employment will be provided to at least one family member of the households in the project during construction and priority during operation.

8.1.4 Assistance to Households Losing House and Cowshed

Construction of the project will involve the removal of 7 houses and 2 cow­ sheds of four districts owned by 6 households. The project proponent wi" provide compensation at replacement cost for the structures acquired by the project. This will include compensation for land occupied by the structure and cost of the structure and other accessories (hand pump, dug-well). Owners will have the right to use salvage materials from the affected buildings. The value of salvaged materials will not be deducted from the compensated amount.

A house rent allowances for 6 months will be paid to the concerned household at the rate of NRs. 2500/month assuming that a new house will be constructed within that period.

Besides this a one time dislocation allowance NRs. 15000 and NRs. 10000 transportation allowance will be provided for transportation of goods and materials. These households shall be eligible to receive compensation and other benefits as per the criteria of land and agriculture income loss.

Resettlemention Action Plan • Compensation for the Private Trees Altogether 591 standing trees requiring removal including 525 fruit trees, 44 timber and 22 fodder trees due to construction of the project. One time compensation of NRs. 2500/tree will be paid for the permanent loss of the trees. Similarly, appropriate compensation will be provide for loss of fodder and timber trees. All resources from privately owned trees that are removed will remain the property of the owner.

8.1.5 Mitigation Measures for the Women Headed and Vulnerable Households There are 7 Dalit households who are affected by the project (Kami, Sarki, Chamar and Mushar). These households are considered as vulnerable groups. Besides this there are 14 women headed households. All the households need to benefit more from project activities therefore the following measures will be implemented: • Priority in employment during construction, for both the women headed and the vulnerable households (Dalits). • . Entrepreneurship/skill development (tailoring, knitting/weaving, handicraft etc.) for women and distribution of stitching machine to each women headed household. • In addition to this, each household will be provided advance technical skill training in the areas of repair and maintenance of mechanical and electrical equipment, motor rewinding and advance house wiring as per their interest from government recognized training institutions. 8.1.6 Awareness Program The proponent will implement various awareness programs to minimize any impacts on lifestyle and public health through different IEC activities (hoarding boards, pamphlets, leaflets, street drama).

The workers will be instructed to act in a responsible manner during and after the working hours, respecting .the rights, property, socio-cultural norms and practice of local people. The awareness program will incorporate the problem associated with social and cultural disintegration and awareness regarding girls trafficking, sexually transmitted disease (STD), HIV/AIDS, health and sanitation, education (formal, non-formal), family planning. The program will also include awareness regarding proper use of compensation money, job availability in project and its nature, importance of project with regards to local and national scenario etc. 8.1.7 Health and Sanitation Permanent camp will be made on rented house which include toilet, drinking water and other facilities to accommodate the project staff. Toilets will be constructed in temporary camps at the rate of approximately 10 people in each toilet and drinking facilities will be installed prior to occupancy. Health check-up of workers and documentation of health status will be made periodically. Priority will be given to the local people in project works to minimize the impacts on health and sanitation. Drinking water available for the

Resettlemention Action Plan camps will be tested and necessary treatment will be made to make safe drinking water. A two days health sanitation awareness training will be implemented for the project workers living in camps in coordination with local NGOs. Similarly, local health posts will be supported with basic medicines to compliment the GON medicine supply.

8.1.8 Affected Community Structures i) School The Yuva Barsha Primary School located at Hanif Tole of Bhokraha VDC will be relocated in the locality consulting the local people and school authority. The project will provide compensation at replacement cost for construction of school with better facilities. ii) Temples Altogether three small temples (Gram Devata Dewhar Than of Badaharamal, Shiva Temple of Banauta and Hanuman temple of Dhalkebar) will be affected and require relocation due to the project. These temples will be relocated in consultation with local community in the locality. The project will provide compensation at replacement cost for construction of the temples with better architectural outlook. All the cost required for land and temple construction will be provided by the proponent.

8.3 Entitlement Matrix

Through the acquisition of private and community assets, the HDDTL Project will affect property owners, their dependants and local community. This Entitlement Framework accordingly specifies compensation and/or rehabilitation measures for two units of entitlement individuals including affected individuals/ households and the local community.

Compensation will be provided to the affected private property. Furthermore, the owners of affected house will be provided house rent allowance for 6 months, and one time dislocation and transportation allowances. Apart from the compensation for acquired land, assistance will be provided to the households losing >10.0% of land and reduction in agriculture for reestablishment and improvement of livelihood. Similarly, the women headed and Dalit households losing land will be supported for reestablishment and improvement of livelihood. This assistance will include livestock/agriculture training to one member of each household and assistance (hybrid seed, small agriculture tools and goat/pig, poultry), technical training in the areas of mason, basic plumbing, house wiring, gas wilding, fabrication, driving, tailoring etc. as per their interest.

Loss of private and community assets will be valued and compensated based on the entitlement matrix given in Table 8.2 below.

Resettlemention Action Plan Table 8.2: Entitlement Matrix

:·~OtQ __ ~ofh~F. ... A¥i. Impteft~ntaUOn MeasuJ9s ","> "\ - : .:. 1. House and Other Structures Primary land and building valuation will be done by HOD TIL Project ~ Due consultation will be made with Department of Housing and Planning for the valuation of structures CDC will be farmed in each district and compensation rates established by CDC will be provided to the concerned households. Compensation will be paid at replacement cost and depreciation will not be deducted ~ Salvaged material will be allowed to use by concerned HH Cash compensation for loss of house at without deduction from compensation amount. 1.1 Loss of replacement cost, according to house type. Titleholder 50% compensation will be paid in advance and remaining Residential Compensation for land occupied by the 50% will be paid after demolishing the structure Structures structure House rent allowance for 6 months will be provided Transportation allowance for transportation of goods and materials and dislocation allowance will be paid to minimize the impacts. In addition these household are also entitle to receive additional training and benefits allocated for the household losing more than 50% oftheir land Notice to vacate will be served at least 35 days prior to acquisition date .. To ensure fair compensation, determination of rates will be done not more than one year prior to property acquisition. Other private structures include: cowsheds, hand pump. dug-well, etc Loss of structures other than houses does not entail Cash compensation for full or partial loss at payment of other allowance. 1.2 Loss of other Titleholder replacement cost, according to structure Compensation determination by CDC private structures type. • Notice to vacate will be served at least 35 days prior to • Compensation for land occupied by the acquisition date i structure ~ Compensation determination by CDC and advance notice to 1.3 Loss of Compensation at replacement value for loss vacate the structure residential and Non title of structures. However, compensation will • In addition to cash compensation, livelihood improvement! othe private holders not be paid for the lands illegally occupied I income restoration measures i.e employment, skill training structures by the structure. will be considered. 2. Land Primary land valuation will be done by HOD TIL Project CDC will be farmed in each district and compensation rates • Provide compensation at full replacement established by CDC will be provided to the concerned cost households. Provide cash compensation at full replacement cost based on current market A list of affected and entitled persons and the area of land 2.1 Loss of Titleholder rate or Government rate which ever is loss is required. private land higher. Notice to vacate will be provided at least 35 days prior to In the case of farmland, the PAP/HH will be acquisition date. I entitled the cultivation disruption allowance Cash compensation will be provided either by cash or by equal to one crop production. cheque, depending on the owner's preferences. ~ To ensure fair compensation, rates will be established not more than one year prior to property aCQuisition Non title holderltenant with traditional land use right and recognized by GON and who are in process of getting land ownership title In addition to compensation, non title holders will also be will be provided compensation for land. eligible for resettlement assistancesfor incomel livelihood 2.2 Loss of Non title • Resettlement assistance in lieu of restoration. private land holderttenant compensation for land occupied (land, other CDC to decide the status of such non title holder/tenant as assets, employment) at least restore their per the legal framework. livelihoods and standards of living to pre- displacement levels. \, 2.3 Temporary • Compensation for crop, land productivity • A lease contract will be signed with the affected landowner, Titleholder loss of private i and other property losses for the duration of specifying: land ! temporary occupation. - Lease period

Resettlemention Action Plan . '.' , ...... \:~:~~; Type of. Lon. E.~ 'Uftit· . . ~"';~'>V~"'i:; . ~~,c~1~:~;~, ;;'l~:(t~~~ ~ Compensation for other disturbances and Annual inflation adjustments; ! damages caused to property. Frequency of payment; and • Proponent to negotiate a lease agreement Land protection and rehabilitation measures. on the lease rate with the owner for • The land will be retumed to the owner at the end of temporary acquisition of land. temporary acquisition, restored to its original condition. I' Land should be returned to the owner at the end of temporary acquisition period, restored to its original condition or improved I as agreed with owner. 3. Other Privately Owned Resources Titleholder; ~ Advance notice to harvest crops. Crop market values and production losses will be 3.1 Loss of non other evidence Net value of crops where harvesting is not determined by the CDC (based on prevailing market price perennial crops of ownership possible. and in consultation with local stakeholders) Advance notice to harvest crops. Net value of crops where harvesting is not possible. • Crop market values and production losses will be 3.2 Loss of • Compensation for future production losses, determined by the CDC (based on prevailing market value Titleholder; privately-owned based on 5 years annual net production for and in consultation with local stakeholders) other evidence trees and fruit/fodder trees and 3 years annual net • The proponent will assist the affected owners and of ownership perennial crops production for timberlfuel wood trees and communities with the reestablishment of new trees and other perennial crops. other perennial crops. fo Right to all other resources from privately owned trees !--- i 4. Community Structures and Resources 4.1 Community I- Community buildings and structures include: • Restoration of affected community structures to at least Local buildings and schools, temples, health posts, tube-well, previous condition, or replacement in areas identified in Community Structures dug-well etc.. consultation with affected communities CFUGsor I- Assistance for plantation • The proponent will assist communities in coordination of 4.2 Trees local i" Restoration of access to community GON line agencies (District Forest Office, District community resources. Aariculture Development Office) and CFUGs for plantation 5. Rehabilitation Assistance ~ Housing displacement allowance for loss of Displaced households will receive a house rent allowance 5.1 Titleholder/ten . own residential accommodation. for 6 months Displacement of ant . Dislocation allowance Dislocation allowance household • Transportation allowance • Allowances will be paid at the time of serving the notice to vacate. • The following loss of agriculture land and agriculture income will apply to: 1. Household losing ~ess than 10% of their total agriculture land: - Compensation of land loss and priority for employment in the project construction 2. a. Household losing 10.0% to 50.0% of total holding: -Livelihood Assistance: Each household will receive NRs. 37275 for three years crop loss from the acquired land @ rate of NRs. 12425/year of crop loss. The total cost for the livelihood assistance is NRs. 931875. -Technical Skill Training (Basic): One family member of each household will be provided technical training in the areas of driving, plumbing, house wiring, etc. as per their interest from government recognized training institutions. The cost of skill development assistance Titleholder 5.2 Loss of is estimated to be NRs. 32500/household. The total Tenant/tenant f- Assistance based on degree of the land loss agriculture land cost for this support is NRs. 812500. -Agriculture Assistance: As these households still own their agriculture land, they will be provided agriculture assistance to increase their land productivity. The assistance will include livestock/agriculture training to one family member of each household and inputs support including hybrid seed, small agriculture tools and livestock (goat/pig, poultry) based on their interest The estimated cost of agriculture assistance is NRs. 25000/household that includes NRs. 10000 for inputs support and NRs.15000 for training. The total cost for this support is NRs. 625000. - Priority for Employment: First priority will be given to the family members of the households for employment in project construction b. Household Losing more than 50% of their total holding: -Livelihood Assistance: Each household will receive • I

Resettlemention Action Plan NRs. years crop loss acquired land @ rate of NRs, 12425fyear of crop loss. The total cost for the livelihood assistance is NRs. 857325. -Technical Skill Training (Basic and Advance): One family member of each household will be provided technical training in the areas of driving. plumbing. house wiring. etc. as per their interest from government recognized training institutions, The advance training includes repair and maintenance of mechanical and electrical equipments. motor rewinding training and advance house wiring training. The cost of basic skill development assistance is estimated to be NRs. 32500fhousehold and for advance training is NRs. 48500. The total cost for this support is NRs. 1863000. -Agriculture Assistance: As these households still own their agriculture land, they will be provided agriculture assistance to increase their land productivity. The assistance will include livestockfagriculture training to one family member of each household and inputs support including hybrid seed, small agriculture tools and livestock (goat/pig, poultry) based on their interest The estimated cost of agriculture assistance is NRs. 25000fhousehold that includes NRs. 10000 for inputs support and NRs.15000 for training. The total cost for this support is NRs. 575000. -Employment: Employment will be provided to at least one family member of the households in the project construction and Vulnerable social categories actually Assistance in reestablishment and improvement of affected by the project will be identified as: livelihood . 5.3 Vulnerable Affected - Dalit Preferential employment during construction and operation social categories households - Women headed households to the extent possible - Landless households

• Facilities will be repaired or replaced.

Mitigation by means of afforestation.

No provision of compensation.

This will be achieved through the periodic IEC activities Communities, General counseling on project impacts; (distribution of pamphlets. leaflet. posters. street-drama, key construction schedules and acquisition group meeting and consultation with local stakeholders stakeholders dates; valuation. compensation and etc.), and affected grievance resolution mechanisms; Cooperation with line agencies of GoN (Ministries, HHs of the construction employment procedures; and Departments, District Offices. DOC. VDC) to support transmission local development initiatives. effective implementation, resource utilization and line alignment local

Resettlemention Action Plan 9. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT

This section outlines the institutional arrangement for RAP implementation. It also discusses monitoring requirements, before concluding an overview of the major planning, administrative and logistical requirements for the successful implementation of the RAP.

As the project authority, HDDTL Project will assume overall responsibility for the management procedures as mentioned in the RAP. Key activities to be undertaken to ensure effective implementation of resettlement, compensation and rehabilitation activities are:

In HDDTLP, there are couple of key actors whose roles, functions and responsibilities are closely interlinked which requires them to work in a coordinated manner. The key actors and their roles are as presented below.

T a bl e 91 KAtey c ors, F unc l'Ions an dRIoes Key Actors Functions/Roles Remarks NEAl Central/national and corporate level policy making In coordination with Transmission including policy reforms for land acquisitionl DoED/Line Ministry and Line/ SS compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation that other high level bodies.

I Cons. Dept. I are ~ractical and acceE!table to the people. I NEAlESSD Planning, supervision and internal monitoring of In close coordination • social safeguards programs; implementation, with the Project office at supervision§lnd progress rE;!porting of field works centre and field. HDDTLP, Day to day planning and implementation of project ESMU to be set up LARU, ESMU construction and safeguard activities and progress within HDDTLP will reporting on a regular basis. LARU, ESMU to work support to carry out the proactively on all safeguard related issues in all works and work closely

! stages, especially on compensation payment and with other actors resettlement activities. including CDC/ NGOsi contractor rCDC I The CDC is a body with legal stand which will be Will work in close • responsible to address all issuesl grievances coordination with other relating to land and property acquisition, actors of GRM viz compensation, resettlement and rehabilitatin. ESMU. HDDTLP and I I LCF. I LCF All LCFs will work to resolve local level issues on The Project! ESM U will

! RAP implementation inclucjing compensation in coordinate and support

Resettlemention Action Plan close coordination with Project'! APs LCFs to carry out their I roles! functions.

I NGOs Specialized! capable NGOs to work responsibly to i Work in close provide R&R assistance! income restoration! coordination with APsI

livelihood improvement. ESMUI Project! I contractor

OPs/ in close coordination with ESMU/ Projectincome restoration/ livelihood improvement.ing compensation in close coordination wOperational Framework of Different Actors: The following bullets provide operational framework within which the key actors are expected to discharge their functions and responsibilities on a regular basis.

• Implementation of procedures to minimiZe adverse social impacts including acquisition of land and assets throughout the planning, design and implementation phases and accurately record all project-affected persons/households, by means of census and asset verification and quantification exercises, and the issuing of identification, • Establishment of CDC and its procedures for the co-ordination of resettlement and cornpensation activities, • Establishment of Local Consultative Forum (LCF) at district level to address the social issues associated with the project. The objectives of this LCF will be to: (a) ensure ongoing dissemination of project information to affected households, (b) structure, regulate and strengthen communication between affected households/communities, (c) involve affected households/communities and local government structures in social impact management, grievance resolution and monitoring, • Distributiop of copies of the approved entitlement policy, and follow-up community meetings to ensure full understanding of its contents, • Capacity-building initiatives for NEA and local NGOs to create a supportive environment for the implementation of RAP activities, including training on accepted resettlement and rehabilitation practices, training in the establishment of compensation plans for affected households, • Co-ordination with other government line agencies to ensure effective delivery of mitigation and rehabilitation support measures, and • Collaboration with NGOs to provide grassroots expertise and resources in the areas such as project information campaigns, awareness raising, community participation and mobilization, poverty alleviation, income­ generation, and impact monitoring of the projects.

9.1 Organizational Framework An organizational setup for RAP implementation is necessary for effective coordination to ensure compliance with policies and procedures, land

Resettlemention Action Plan acquisition and resettlement activities and implementation of mitigation measures. To ensure the achievement of these activities, organization for RAP implementation and management will occur at both central and district project level (Table 9.1).

9.1.1 Central Level Arrangement i) Environment and Social Studies Department ESSD is one of the three departments of Engineering Services of NEA and executes all the activities related to identifying, conducting and coordinating environmental aspects of project developed by NEA in aI/ stages such as studies, design, construction and operation. This department will be responsible for the overall control of social management program of the project. This department will also be responsible for the coordination of work of the project at central level management of NEA and central line agencies. It is proposed that ESSD will implement monitoring program and some of the social mitigation work in coordination with concerned line agencies and local NGOs. ii) Central Level Line Agencies The central level line agencies such as Ministry of Energy, Department of Electricity Development have responsibility for the monitoring of project activities with regards to Environmental and Social Management, Mitigation and Monitoring Plan. ESSD will coordinate with central level line agencies regarding the monitoring work.

9.1.2 Project Level Arrangement i) Project Manager/Director Office The HOD Project Manager Office will be established under the organizational setup of NEA. The project manager will have overall responsibility regarding the implementation of RAP. He will be responsible for establishment of Compensation Determination Committee (CDC), Local Consultative Forum (LCF) and Environment Management Unit. The Project Manager will be responsible to make sure the incorporation of RAP recommendations in tender document and contract agreement and allocation of necessary budget for the implementation of the program. He will be responsible for the overall coordination of the work and make final decision on environmental, social and public concern issues.

Under the Project Manager/Director Office, a Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation Unit (LARU) will be established. The in-charge of unit will be responsible for the acquisition of land and house, asset valuation and verification, implementation of compensation and rehabilitation grant (house rent, transportation and dislocation allowances) and coordination of the work with District and Central level agencies with regard to acquisition of private property. The officer in-

Resettlemention Action Plan charge of the unit will also work as member of secretary of the CDC and member of LCF. ii) Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi Environnent and Social Management Unit (HDD-ESPIMU) HDD Environment and Social Management Unit will be established for day to day environmental and social management of the project, implementation of social support program and mitigation measures and coordination of work with VDCs, DDCs and district level line agencies. The unit will work under the guidance of ESSD

The ESMU will have full set of technical staff to plan and implement the proposed resettlement and rehabilitation activities. Alternatively, the Project may also recruit competent NGOs to carry out the activities under its close guidance and supervision. However, NGO selection should be made based on certain level of performance rating criteria. These may include but not limited to: i) certain years of relevant working experience ii) adeqlJate and skilled manpower to conduct training and other programs such social awareness, health awareness, skill and income generating I restoration activities including livelihood improvement iii) gender inclusive in nature so that gender issues and issues of vulnerable groups are properly framed and addressed iv) proven technical and financial soundness to work in the communities. iii) Hetauda- Dhalkebar Duhabi Environment and Social Monitoring Unit (HDD-ESMU)

An independent/ external consultant or agency will be hired for social monitoring of the project. The consultant will work closely with the Environment and Social Management Unit IESSD and LARU to get periodic progress report and prepare monitorillg reports as specified in the document. The Consultant will have full time site based office and staff to undertake the monitoring work. As an external monitor, the consultant will provide unbiased, fair and true picture of the project performance on key monitoring indicaotors of RAP implementation and other social indicators as appropriate. iv) Compensation Determination Committee A Compensation Determination Committee (CDC) will be formed to fix compensation for loss of land and private property. The CDC will comprise of Chief District Officer, District Land Revenue Officer, District Land Survey Officer, District Forest Officer, DDC Representative, HDDTL Project Representative and PAP/HH Representative. The main functions of the CDC will be confirmation of entitled process, assessment/Identification of PAP/HHs, compensation determination for land and private property and grievance resolution. v) Local Consultative Forums (LCF) Local ConSUltative Forums (LCFs) will be established at district level to address the social issues associated with the project. The objectives of

Resettlemention Action Plan this LCFs will be to: (a) ensure ongoing dissemination of project information to affected households, (b) structure, regulate and strengthen communication between affected households/communities, (c) involve affected households/communities and local government structures in social impact management, grievance resolution and monitoring. vi) Construction Contractor The construction contractor will be responsible for implementation of some of the social mitigation measures specified in his part and compliance with the tender clauses. He will be responsible for implementation of construction related mitigation measures such as occupational safety, recruitment of local labor, health and sanitation measures etc. vii) District Level Line Agencies The district level line agencies such as District Administrative Office, Land Revenue Office, District Development Committee Office , Agriculture Office, Forest Office and Education Office will be consulted regarding the implementation of RAP. viii) Donor Agency Donor agency (s) will also undertake periodice supervision and monitoring of the safeguard compliance and performance on key indicators. The experts from donor agency will review the project plan and program, and undertake site visit to make sure that the implementation mechanism is going smoothly and public concerns are well considered.

9.1.3 Training for Capacity Building

The NEAl ESSD and the Project Office of HDDTLP are equally important in terms of planning, implementing and supervising the safeguard activities and much of the success of the envisaged plans and programs depends on how well these are carried out by the team in a coordinated manner. However, given the limited level of knowledge and exposure of the staff within the current institutional set up of NEAlESSD, it is pertinent to organize training for them on a periodic basis. This will not only enhance overall internal capacity of NEAl ESSD for this project but also contribute to long term capacity building and quality performance of NEAlESSD.

A Training Plan should be implemented at earliest stage, for which different training modules are to be prepared. Priority training modules to be carried out are (i) skill training for Environmental and Social Assessment Studies/ Planning including RAP, VCDP (ii) Training on the Implementation of RAP and (iii) Training of Trainers (TOT) on the above topics relating to environmental and social safeguards in hydro power development programs. The training is designed for selected staff of the NEAl ESSD (including environmental and social staff/ consultant of the HDDTLP and from line agencies like the DOED and Ministry of Energy.The training pakage also contains observation tours to NEAlESSD staff in different countries to be

Resettlemention Action Plan fa rn ilier with the ongoing planning and implementation of safeguard measures.

Resettlemention Action Plan NEA (Managing Director) I .. + GRID Development Engineering Services (General Manager) (General Manager) "'

Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV TL Project Environment and I :' ...... ~ Social Studle. Department ... .J. C.entral Lev.el ; (Project Director) . ~ ! Line Agencies ! "~ (Director) ) ...... ; ----- I ! 1 .,...... HOD ~ l ! Local ...... Une.aaenciO$ ~ Environment Environment and Social : CBOsMOOs : 1 Monitoring Unit l Consultant 1 L.~ontractor Manag-.nent Unit "'1Ii1 DDCM>Cs ! I ~ Local People ~ (UmtChlef) ---.-.~ .. ,------(Coordinator) ...... 1

Fig. 9.1: Organization Chart for Environment Management of Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV TL Project

Resettlemention Action Plan 72 10. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

The HDDTL Project will ensure that funds are delivered on time to CDC and the implementing consultants for timely preparation and implementation of RAP, as applicable. The compensation issues and rehabilitation measures will be completed before starting construction work. Contracts will not be awarded unless required compensation payment has been completed. RAP implementation schedule is presented in Table 10.1.

Resettlemention Action Plan 73 Table 10.1: Implementation Schedule of RAP ---- .' 2011 21112 21113 2014 8M .... latA ". ... ~... CO .... ,..~ ... .., ...... l'O '", ' ., ,,- N ...... N ...... r CO ... N ...... 3' ...... '" - '" -- - Submission of 1 RAP for approval • - Finalize list of affected people 2 consullation with • • PAPslHHs f------~-,------Submit final report to COO for 3 compensation • determination ------Notice publication 4 of affected land • - f--- Consultation: and 5 grievance • resolution - CDC meeting and 6 compensation • determination Inform PAPslHHs for the 7 compensation • claim Collect application from 8 the PAPslHHs for • compensation Verify the application and 9 prepare final list • ofPAPslHHs - Pay compensation for 10 eligible • • PAPslHHs Contract 11 agreement with • • Contractors ------Transferring the 12 land ownership • • Internal Moniloring of 13 RAP Imp. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • progress Externa 14 monitoring of • • RAP imP. • ------Final evaluation 15 of RAP irnp. • ---- '---'------'----- '----- ._- ---

Resettlemention Action Plan 74 11. MONITORING AND EVALUATION One of the main objectives of the project is to improve living standard of the affected persons/households or at least restore their livelihood to pre-project level by implementing appropriate mitigation measures. Effective monitoring and evaluation systems will be introduced to ensure it by the project. In this project, an independent monitoring system has been envisaged to function in close coordination with ESSD and the Project. An agency or team of experts will be outsourced from open market for independent monitoring.

11.1 Monitoring Besides implementating the RAP and progress reporting, the Land Acqquisition and Resettlement Unit (LARU) to be set within Project Manager's Office will also conduct internal progress review/ monitoring of key RAP actions like compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation. The Unit will be responsible to mantain all database of RAP programs on regular basis and furnish required information to ESMU and EMU. However, as an independent unit, EMU will have enough flexibility for monitoring and also performs role of third party monitoring. It will review data/ information provided by LARU and ESMU, conduct field visit, collect additional data, verify them, prepare periodic monitoring reports and submit to the Project (Refer Figure 9.1).

11.2 Monitoring Framework Key social monitoring indicators relevant with safeguard measures are developed and disgaggregated at three levels: i) output ii) outcome and iii) impact level. Both internal and external monitoring system will require to provide adequate attention to assess the progress or performance for these indicators with evidences based on quantitative and qualitative facts. A generic social monitoring framework of the project is provided in Table 11.1

T a bl e 111. Momtormg p arameters, Met hdShdl 0 , c e u ean dLocation Levels Indicators Method Frequency Responsibil ity

A. Activity/Output Land acquisition (ha), Review of Quarterly/half I ProjectlCDC/Cons Level cash compensation paid data/progress yearly/annual ! ultant for acquired land and reports/field property (price, % paid, verification/meeting no. of affected HHs receiving compensation etc) !

I Ownership transfer of • Review of progress Quarterlylhalf ProjecUDistrict i acquired land reports/meeting yearly/annual Land Revenue Office EnhancemenUmitigation Review of progress Quarterly/half ProjectlNGOs/trai measures implemented reports/field yearly/annual ning institutions

Resettlemention Action Plan 75 I (training, verification/meeting dislocation/transportation allowance etc.) I Formation of CDC/lCF Review of progress Quarterly/half Project/COO reports/field yearly/annual verification/meeting Crop loss (area, quantity Review of progress Half Project/consultant/ and value) reports/field yearly/annual farmers verification/meeting

Employment generated Review of progress Quarterly/half Project/Consultant I• (No. employed by reports/contractor's yearly/annual /contractors I gender, wage paid) records/ Health and safety Review of progress • Quarterly/half Project/contractor/ I measures reports/field i yearly/annual consultant adopted/awareness verification raising activities labor camp (facilities, Review of progress Quarterly/half Projectlcontractor/ services) reportslfield yearly/annual consultant verification I Public Review of progress Quarterly/half Project/consultant infrastructure/facilities reportslfield yearly/annual I compensated/rehabilitat verification/meeting ed B. Outcome Level No. of HHs relocated Review of progress Half Project/CDC/NGO and assisted reports/field yearly/annual verification Livelihood improvement Review of progress Quarterly/half ProjectlNGO/cons activities implemented reports/field yearly/annual ultant • and people/HHs i verification/meeting benefited Compensation money Review of progress Half Project/NGO/co ns used by HHs (land reports/field yearly/annual ultant purchased, house verification/meeting constructed, investment in productive assets) Meeting/consultations Review of progress Half ProjectllC F/C DC/ held at different reportslfield yearly/annual consultant levels(no of meetings, no verification/meeting of complains filed,handeled and resolved) I Income Review of progress Half Project/N GO/co ns generationlrestoration reportslfield yearly/annual ultant measures taken and verification/meeting/ changes in HH income HH survey land use (price, land Review of progress Half ProjectlNGOlline use, production) reports/field yearly/annual agencieslconsulta verification/meeting nt C. I mpact level Improved livelihood I Review of progress Annuallmid- ProjectlNGO/cons (income, consumption, reportslfield term/tinal ultant poverty reduction, verification/meeting/ education, health, HH HH survey assets etc.) Social/gender Review of progress Annual/mid- ProjectlNGO/cons empowerment reportslfield term/tinal ultant (leadership, decision verification/meeting/ making, ~articipation, HH survey

Resettlemention Action Plan 76 representation etc) Social well being Review of progress Annual/mid- ProjecUNGO/cons (security, problems, reports/field termlfinal ultant issues, peace) verification/meeting

11.3 Reporting

The monitoring unit will be responsible for the preparation of the Social Monitoring Report. The report will be distributed through Project Managers office to the concerned agencies. The EMU will conduct monitoring on a regular basis and submit reports on quarterly, half-yearly and yearly interval.

11.4 Impact Evaluation After completion of the construction work (3 years) an evaluation study will be conducted. The evaluation work will focus on following aspects:

• Evaluation of social activities implementation focusing on resettlement and land acquisition activities • Evaluation of social activities by summing up the outcomes/impacts as per monitoring framework • Evaluation based on socio-economic surveys (HHs, PRA, FGDs etc) to measure changes in living standard of the affected households/persons compared to pre­ project situation

Resettlemention Action Plan 77 12. MITIGATION & ENHANCEMENT COST, SOURCE OF FUNDING, BUDGETARY PROCESS & TIMING OF EXPENDITURE 12.1 Mitigation and Enhancement Cost The estimated cost of mitigation and enhancement measures for RAP implementation is NRs. 161.45 million. These costs are inclusive of compensation, resettlement and rehabiiation cost to affected owners of Angle Towers and substations as well few structures affected by the project. However, this cost does not include cost for land to be acquired for suspension towers, compensation for land use restriction of RoW, crop loss in RoW, community support program and rural electrification program etc. These costs are included in SIA for the budgetary purpuse. The RAP implementation and third party monitoring cost is included in Initial Environmental Examination Report prepared for the Project. Details of the mitigation and enhancement cost are presented in Table 12.1.

Table 12.1: Estimated Costfor RAP Implementation

S.No ! Mitigation and Enhancement Program I Unit/Rate I Construction Operation Total ( I Phase Phase Million • ! NRs) 1 I Land Compensation and Training a Compensation of land Ref Table 123,12 o 123.12 ~~-+~ ____~ ______~ ____~~~ __~8~.1~ ______~ __~ ____~ __~ __~~ b Payment for 1 year crop loss to 44 HH LS 0.55 0 0.55 equivalent to their production in acquired land

I c Livestock and agriculture training and' 25000 0.625 o 0.625 assistance to 25 HH

I d Driving training to 15 HH 10000 0.15 o 0.15 e Plumbing training/weaving training to 10 HH 35000 0.35 o 0.35 i f House wiring training to 15 HH 30000 OA5 o OA5 g Repair and maintenance of mechanical and 70000 2.1 o 2.1 electrical equipments 30 HH (23 HH from I land and 7 Dalit) ,

h Motor rewinding training to 15 HH 40000 0.6 0 0.6 Advance house wiring training 15 HH 35000 0.525 0 0.525 2 Compensation for house relocation Table 8.2 4.29 0 4.29 a Dislocation to 6 15000 0,09 0 0.09 b Rental allowance for 6 months to 6 HH 2500 0.09 0 0.09 c Transportation allowances to 6 HH 10000 0,06 0 0,06

d I Cost ofland occupied by the structure LS 2 0 2 3 Safety training to supervisors selected workers LS 1 0.5 1.5 and other project staffs 4 Community safety awareness program at 10 100000 0 places

Resettlemention Action Plan 78 5 I Health and sanitation awa:reness and health LS 1 0 1 checkup 6 ! Social awareness program at 20 places 50000 1 0.5 1.5 7 Medicine support to health post LS 1 0.5 1.5 8 Relocation of school LS 1.5 0 1.5 9 Relocation of 3 temples LS 1.5 0 1.5

! 10 Information and warnmg sign In Nunnthar LS 0.1 0 0.1 Temple Park area and Hetauda cement factory • area i 11 Compensation for 5 ha leased land 18000/ha 0.27 0 0.27 i 12 . Loss of tree 2500/ Tree 1.48 0 1.48 13 Tailoring, knitting/weaving, handicraft training. 30000 0.42 0 0.42 I to 14 women headed households including distribution of weaving machine i Sub-Total-l 22.15 1.5 146.77 " Contingency 10 % 2.22 0.15 14.68 Grand Total 24.37 1.65 161.45

12.2 Funding Source

The cost required for the implementation of mitigation measures will be paid by Nepal Electricity Authority under the Projects regular budget. Likewise the cost for rural electrification will also be paid by NEA under the annual budget head of rural electrification of the project districts. It is difficult to get finance for the proposed community support program since these programs are not directly related with project and NEA business. Therefore, it is proposed that The World Bank should provide funding to support these programs, which are generally beyond capacity of NEA and local partners. The Project under ESSDI ESMU will recruit competent local NGOs specialized in required areas and involve them for implementation once fund is assured.

12.3 Budgetary Process and Timing of Expenditure

The expenses required for the RAP will be made with in 3 years of project construction with major expenses on land acquisition, compensation and rehabilitation measures on first year of the project development followed by second and third years. The major component of the mitigation measures is, land use restriction cost, which will require at the 3rd year of project development at the end of construction before charging the line.

Resettlemention Action Plan 79 ANNEXES

Resettlemention Action Plan 80 Annex -1 Hetauda-Dhalkebar-Duhabi 400 kV TL Project Initial Environmental Examination NEA,2010 Checklist for PRA in VDC/Municipality

1. Generallnformation 1. District ...... 2. VDC/Mun. : ...... 3. Ward no.: ...... 4. VillageITole: ...... 5. No. of Participants: ...... 6. Date ......

7. Name List of Participants is. N. Name iAge Address Main Position Signature Occupation (if any) I 1 !

12 ! 13 I 4 5 6 I 7 ! I

8 I

9 i i 10 11 12 I I . 13 i 14 I I 15 ! . 16 I I 17 i i • 18 19 i 20 I

Resettlemention Action Plan 81 2. Population, HHs and Settlements 1. Total HHs and population of the VDC/Mun: HHs ...... Population ...... 2 M'aJor Sitettemen san d Domlnan . t C aset / Eth mc. Groups S.N. i Major Settlements ofthe Settlements Near the Tl Alignment (within 500 m) Distance I VDC/Mun from

i Name Dominant . Name Estimated Caste/Ethnic Group Alignment Caste/Ethnic HHs % % Dalit % . (Meter) . Group Janjati Others I I I

3. Education 1. What is the literacy status of local people of this VDC/municipality? AII ...... %, Female:...... Ethnic minority (DalitlJanjati) ...... 2. What are the existing educational institutions in your VDC/mun.? Prob for primary, lower secondary, secondary, higher sccodary schools and colleges. 3. What is the status of physical facilities in the educational institutions? Prob for physical facilities (library, water supply, toilets, sufficent chairs and tables, blackboards, playgrounds, school bullding, class room, science equipments etc.) and their condition. 4. What are the major problems of the education institutions of your VDC/mun.? What you have done to solve the problems? 5. What could be done to strengthen the educational facilities of your VDC/mun.? 6. Are there NGOsilNGOs working in the education sector in your VDC/mun.? What are their programs/activities and how you assess their contribution in the education sector? 7. What are the strengths and weakness of their programs/activities? 4. Health 1. What are the prevalent diseases in your VDC/mun.? 2. What are the common treatment practices of the disease? Ask for reason, if people depend more on traditional treatment practices. 3. What are the existing health facilities for the local people in your VDC/mun.? Are the health facilities located in accessible locations? 4. How do you assess the service quality provided by the health facilities? Probe for type of health facilities, distance from the community, qualification of medical persons, availability of medical perrsons, medicines etc. 5. What are the problems of the health institutions of your VDC/mun.? What you have done to solve the problems? 6. What could be done to strengthen the health facilities of your VDC/mun.? 7. Are there NGOs/INGOs working in the health sector in your VDC/mun.? What are their programs/activities and how you assess their contribution in the sector? 8. What are the strengths and weakness of their programs/activities? 5. Drinking Water and Sanitation 1. What is the main source of drinking water for the households in your VDC/mun.? How do you assess the quality of the drinking water? Probe for potability of the water. 2. What percentage of HHs is covered by piped drinking water in your VDC/mun.? 3. Are the existing drinking water facilities sufficient to fulfill the water demand of your VDC/mun.? If no, what could be done to fulfill the demand? 4. What percentage of people of your VDC/mun. use toilet? If, the percentage is ask reason. 5. How the people of your VDC/mun. manage waste? (solidlliquid) 6. What could be done to improve drinking water and sanitation status of your VDC/mun.? 7. Are there NGOs/INGOs working in the drinking water sector in your VDC/mun.? What are their programs/activities and how you assess their contribution in the sector? 8. What are the strengths and weakness of their programs/activities? 6. Gender 1. What are the major activities of women of your VDC/mun.? 2. Are there cultural! social/ religious barriers for them to work and earn in certain areas?

Resettlemention Action Plan 82 3. Are there women friendly potential income generating opportunities in your VDC/mun.? 4. Do women of this VDC/mun. have special interests/skill/capacity to undertake certain enterprise? If yes, what area these? S. What could be done to support the special interests/skill/capacity of women? Probe for potentiality of agriculture activities, off farm activities, forest based activities etc. 6. Are there NGOslINGOs working to empower women of your VDC/mun.? If yes, which NGOsIINGOs? What are their programs/activities? Has their work contributed to raise the status of wome n of your VDC/mun.? 7. What are the strengths and weakness ofthe programs/activities? 8. What are the major issues of women of your VDC/mun.? What you have done to solve the issues? What could be done to solve the issues of women of your VDC/mun.? 7. Livelihood 1. What are the major economic activities of households of your VDC/mun? Probe for economic activities of male and female and their dependency on the activities for livelihood. 2. What percentage of households of your VDC/mun. is able to produce enough food to meet their family requirement? How the food deficit households of your VDC/mun. fulfill their food requirements? 3. What percentage of households in your VDC/mun. is landless? What are the main activities of the landless households for their livelihood? 4. What could be done to increase the ivelihood of poor and landless households of your VDC/mun.? Probe for potentiality of agriculture activities, off farm activities, forest based activities etc. S. What are the main export of your VDC/mun.? 6. Are there main market centers in your VDC/mun.? If yes, which are they? Is there weekly market in your VDC/mun.? Ask nane of the centers, week days, gathering of people transaction. 7. Are there NGOslINGOs working to improve livilihood of local people in your VDC/mun.? If yes, which NGOsIINGOs? What are their programs/activities? 8. What are the strengths and weakness of their programs/activities? 8. Migration 1. What is the status of migration (family member absent for more than two months for work reason) in your VDC/Mun.? Probe for trend of migration in the recent years. 2. Who normally migrate from the VDC/mun.? Why and where they migrate? Probe for migration of male and female, reason for migration and popular destinations. 3. What is the status of remittance flow in your VDC/mun.? Where the households normally use the remittance? 4. What are the positive and negative impacts of migration in your VDC/municipality? (Probe for negative impacts such as work lode to women, problem of STD/HIV AIDS. family dispute etc.) S. How the negative impacts of migration could be minimized? 9. Natural Resources 1. What are the main natural resources of your VDC/mun.? Who are the main users of the resources? Is there right (dfecto/dejure) to use the resources by the people of your VDC/mun.? What is the accessibility status? what is the availability status? (probe distance to resources, use pattern). 2. Are the households of your VDC/mun. satisfied regarding the accissibility and availability of the natural resources? If, no why? 3. Do the people of your VDC/mun. have conflict with other VDC/mun. regarding the use of natural resources of your VDC/mun.? If yes, with which VDC/mun. and why? Probe for use of forest resources, public land and water resources and the cause of conflict.

10. Cultural Features 1. What are the main festivals celebrated by the people of your VDC/mun.? What is their religious/cultural importance? Is any festival is unique in your VDC/mun.? If yes, which and how? 2. Are there any cultural/religious traditions observed in the past in your VDC/mun. which are different from other VDC/mun.? What is the current status of such traditions? 3. How do you assess the relationship of the various ethnic minorities and high caste groups in the your VDclmun.?

Resettlemention Action Plan 83 4. Are there important historical, religious, archeological and cultural sites in your area? If yes, what are they? Why they are important? Do you think the proposed TL will affect the sites? If yes, pis suggest how to protect them or minimize the affect? 5. Do you think the proposed TL project will affect your historical, religious, cultural values/norms and heritage? If, yes how? How the affect of the TL project could be avoided or minimized? 11. Development Activities/Programs in the VDC/Municipality 1. Has any 'major development activity/program implemented in your VDC/mun. during the last 12 months? If yes, what type of activity/program? Who are the beneficiaries? Who has implemented it? How do you assess its implementation process? Probe for implementation process, involvement/contribution of local people, inclusiveness, transparency etc. 2. Has the development activity/program contributed (directly or indirectly) to improve livelihood of local people of your VDC/mun.? If yes, how? If no, why? 3. What should be the appropriate process for implementation of development activities/program in your VDC/mun.? Probe for decentralized, participatory, transparency. local contribution etc. 4. What is the main source of information on new development projects. or any other recent happenings in yourVDC/mun.? 12. Government Institutions and NGOs/CBOs 1.Are there government institutions, important NGOs/CBOs in your VDC/mun.? If, yes pis provi'd e th e f 0 II oWing. .In to rmar Ion. Major Focus Target Benificieries (%) SN. Name Type activityl I Area Group All ; Women Janjati Dalit Others • .. f:lrogram 1 .2 13 •

4 ! 5

13. Key Stakeholders of the VDC 1. Pis provide the names and address of key stakeholders related to development activities/TL P .0' f your VDC/ mun. SN. Name . Position Address Contact No. Remarks I 1 I 2 3

4 i 5

14. Major Issues, Expectations and Attitude 1. Do you know about the TL project? If yes, what do you know about the project? Who had provided you the information? 2. Do you have major social, economic and cultural issues regarding the TL project? If yes, what are they? • Social • Economic • Cultural 3. What do you expect from the TL project? 4. What do you think regarding the implementation of the TL project? If negative, why? 5. Do you have other comments/suggestions regarding the TL project?

Resettlemention Action Plan 84 Hetauda-Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400 kV TL Project Social Impact Assessment NEA,2010 Key Informant Interview Guidelines (Local Stakeholders)

A. Background Information 1. District:...... 2. VDC/Mun: ...... 3. Ward No: ...... 4. ViliagefTole: ...... 5. Name of Respondent:...... 6. Age ...... 7.Sex: ...... 8.Education:...... 9.Main Occupation: ...... 10. Position (if any): ...... 11. Interviewer:...... 12. Date: ...... 13: Checked by: ......

B. Education 1. What is the literacy status of local people of this VDC/municipality? Literacy: ...... % 2. What is the literacy status of women of this VDC/municipality? Literacy: ...... % 3. What is the literacy status of ethnic minority (DalitlJanjati) households compared to other households of th is VDC/municipality? Literacy: ...... % 4. What is the overall status of physical facilities in the educational institutions of your VDC/municipality? 1. Good 2. Average 3. Poor 5. What are the major problems of the education institutions of your VDC/municipality?

1...... 2...... 3 ...... 6. What could be done to strengthen the educational facilities of your VDC/municipality?

1...... 2...... 3 ...... 7. Are there NGOs/INGOs working in the education sector in your VDC/municipality? 1. Yes 2. No. 8. Has their work contributed to increase the educational status of local people? 1. Yes 2. No. 9. What are the strengths and Weaknesseses of their programs/activities?

Strengths: 1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

Weaknesses: 1...... 2...... 3 ...... C. Health 1. What are the prevalent diseases and their common treatment practice in your VDC/municipality? Disease Treatment Practices 1 ...... 1 ...... 2...... 1 ...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 3. How do you assess the service quality provided by the government health facilities of your VDC/ municipality?

Resettlemention Action Plan 85 1. Good 2. Average 3. Poor

3.1. If poor, why? 1...... 2...... 3 ......

4. How the government health facilities of your VDC/municipality could be strengthen?

1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 5. How do you assess the awareness level of local people regarding STD/HIV AIDS? 1. High 2. Average 3. Low

6. What is the prevalence rate of STD/HIV AIDS in your VDC/municipality? STD: ...... %. HIV AIDS: ...... %. 7. Are there NGOsliNGOs working in the health sector in your VDC/municipality? 1. Yes 2. No. 7.1. If Yes, pis provide the following details. Name of NGOs/INGOs 1...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 2...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 3...... 1...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 8. Has their work contributed to increase the health status of local people? 1. Yes 2. No. 9. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the programs/activities of the NGOs/INGOs ?

Strengths: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Weaknesses: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

D. Drinking Water 1. Main source of drinking water for the households of the VDC/municipality? 1. Piped water 2. Tube- well 3. Deep tube- well 4. Dug-well 5. Others (specify) ......

2. How do you assess the quality of the drinking water? 1. Good 2. Average 3. Poor 3. Percentage of population covered by piped water in the VDC/municipality ...... %

4. Are the existing drinking water sources sufficient to fulfill the demand of the households? 1.Yes 2. No. 4.1 If no what could be done to fulfill the water demand of the households? 1...... 2...... 3 ......

5. What percentage of people use toilet in this the VDC/municipality? ...... %

6. How do you assess the environmental sanitation condition of your VDC/municipality? 1. Good 2. Average 3. Poor 7. What could be done to improve drinking water and sanition condition of your VDC/municipality? Drinking water : 1...... 2...... 3 ...... Sanitation : 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Resettlemention Action Plan 86 8. Are there NGOsliNGOs working in the drinking and sanitation sector in your VDC/municipality? Drinking water : 1. Yes 2. No. Sanitation 1. Yes 2. No. 7. Has their work contributed to improve the health status of local people? 1. Yes 2. No. 10. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the programs/activities of the NGOsIiNGOs?

Strengths: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Weaknesses: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

E. Gender 1. What are the major activities of women of your VDC/municipality?

1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

2. Are there cultural/social/religious barriers for women to work in certain areas of certain caste/ethnic groups?

1. Yes 2. No 2.1 If yes, what barriers/area and how break the barriers? Caste/ethnic group Barriers Suggestion for improvement 1...... 1 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 3. Are there potential income generating activities for women in your VDC/municipality?

1. Yes 2. No 3.1 If yes, what are they? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 4. Do women of your VDC/municipality have special interests/capacity to undertake certain enterprise? 1. Yes 2. No Area of interest: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Existing capacity: 1...... 2...... 3 ...... 5. What are the potential income generating activities (agriculture activity, off farm activities, forest based activities, local skill based activities etc.) for women in this VDc/municipality? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 6. Are there NGOsliNGOs mainly working for women empowerment in your VDC/ municipality? 1. Yes 2. No. 6.1. If Yes Pis provide the following details. Name of NGOsliNGOs Focus areas 1...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 2...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 3...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 7. Has the work of NGOs/INGOs contributed to empower the women of your VDC/municipality? 1. Yes 2. No. 8. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the programs/activities of the NGOsIiNGOs? Strengths: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Weaknesses: 1...... 2...... 3 ...... 9. What are the major issues of women? (probe for abuse, discrimination, domestic violence etc.) 1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

Resettlemention Action Plan 87 F. Livelihood 1. What are the major economic activities of male and female of your VDC/municipality for their livelihood? Male : 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Female: 1...... 2...... 3 ...... 2. What percentage of households of your VDC/municipality is able to produce enough food to meet their family requirement? ...... % 2.1. How the food deficit households of your VDC/municipality fulfill their food requirements? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 3. What percentage of households in your VDC/Municipality is landless? ...... % 3.1. What are the main activities of the landless households for their livelihood?

1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 3.2 What could be done to increase the livelihood of poor and landless households? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 4. What are the main agriculture products of your VDC/municipality? 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 4 ......

5. What important commodities are exported from this VDC/municipality? Commodities: 1...... 2...... 3 ...... 6. Please provide following inform regarding cropping pattern?

Khet Irrigated: 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 4 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 4 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 4 ...... Khet un-irrigated: 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... Sari: 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ......

7. Are there NGOsilNGOs working to improve livilihood of local people in your VDC/mun icipal ity? 1. Yes 2. No. 7.1. If Yes, pis provide the following details. Name of NGOsllNGOs Focus areas 1 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 2...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 7. Has the work of NGOsllNGOs contributed to improve livilihood of local people? 1. Yes 2. No. B. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the programs/activities of the NGOsIlNGOs? Strengths: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

Weaknesses: 1...... 2...... 3 ......

G. Migration 1. What is the status of migration (family member away from home for more than two months for work reason) in your VDC/municipality? 1. High 2.Medium 3. Low

Resettlemention Action Plan 88 2. What are the popular destinations of the migrants? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 3. What is the status of remittance flow in your VDC/municipality? 1. High 2.Medium 3. Low

3.1 Where the ho useholds normally use the remittance? 1 Food/clothing 2. Education 3. Health 4. Purchase of land/plot 5. House/building 6. House assets 7. Others (specify) ...... 4. What are the positive and negative impacts of migration in your VDC/municipality? (Probe for negative impacts such as work lode to women, problem of STD/HIV AIDS, family dispute etc.)

Positive: 1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

Negative: 1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

4.1 How the negative impacts of migration could be minimized? (probe for negative impacts such as work lode to women, problem of STD/HIV AIDS, family dispute etc.) 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... H. Natural Resources 1. What are the main natural resources of your VDC/municipality? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

2. Who are the main users of the resources? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ......

3. Is there right (dfecto/dejure) to use the resources by the people of your VDC? 1. Yes 2. No. 4. Pis provide the ~ollowing details 0 f natura resources 0 f. your VDC/mun ..? Resource Distance from Accessibilih Availability VDC/Mun. Accessible Inaccessible. High Average Low

5. Are the households of your VDC/municipality satisfied regarding the accessibility and availability of the natural resources? 1. Yes 2. No. 5.1 If no, why? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 6. Do the people of your VDC/municipality have conflict with other VDC/municipality regarding use of natural resources? 1. Yes 2. No. 7. If yes, for which resource and why? Probe for use of forest resources, public land and water resources and the cause of conflict? Probe for use of forest resources, public land and water resources and the cause of conflict. Natural Resource VDC/mun. Cause of Conflict 1...... 1...... 1...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 2...... 2 ...... 1...... 2 ...... 3 ......

Resettlemention Action Plan 89 3...... 3 ...... 1...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 4...... 4 ...... 1...... 2 ...... 3 ......

I. Cultural Features 1. Is any festival is unique in your VDC/municipality? 1. Yes 2. No. 1.1 If yes, which festival and why? Festival Reason 1...... 1 ......

2 ...... 2 ...... 3 ...... 3 ......

2. How do you assess the relationship of the various ethnic minorities and high caste groups in the your VDC/municipality? 1. Good 2. Average 3. Poor 3. Are there important historical, religious, archeological and cultural sites in your area? 1. Yes 2. No. 3.1. If yes, what are the historical, religious, archeological and cultural sites and why they are important? Name Location Importance 1...... 1 ...... 1 ......

2 ...... 2 ...... 2 ......

3 ...... 3 ...... 3 ...... 4. Do you think the proposed TL will affect the religious, archeological and cultural sites? 1. Yes 2. No. 4.1. If yes, what are the historical, religious, archeological and cultural sites and how to protect them? Name Location Measures to Protect 1...... 2 ...... 3 ......

J. Development Activities/Programs in the VDC/Municipality 1. Has any major development activities/programs implemented in your VDC/municipality during the last 12 months? 1. Yes 2. No. 1.1. If yes, please provide the following information? Implementing agency Activity/program Beneficiary (specify group &

1 ...... 1...... 1 ......

2 ...... 2 ...... 2 ......

3 ...... 3 ...... 3 ...... 2. How do you assess its implementation process of the development activities/programs? 1. Good 2. Average 3. Poor 3. What should be the appropriate process to implement development activity/program in your VDC/municipality? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 4. What is the main source of information on new development projects, or any other recent happenings in your VDC? 1...... 2...... 3 ...... Resettlemention Action Plan 90 K. Governmental Institutions and NGOs/CBOs 1. Are there government institutions, important NGOslCBOs working in your VDC/municipality? If, yes PISI provi'd e th e f 0 II oWing .In f orma f Ion. Focus ' . Target Beneficiaries (%) S.N. Name Type .'V~ClJVI Area activity fprog. Group All Women Janjati Dalit Others 1 2 3 4 5 ·6 7

L Key Stakehok::iers of the VDC 1. Pis provide the names and address of important stakeholders related to development activities/transmission line project of your VDC/municipality SN. Name Position Address Contact No. Remarks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

M. Issues and Concerns

1. Do you know about the 400 kV TL project? 1. Yes 2. No. 1 .1. If yes, what do you know about the project? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 1.2. Who had provided you the information? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 2. Are there issues related to social, economic and culture regarding the TL project? 1. Yes 2. No.

2.1. If yes, what are they? Social Economic Cultural

1 ...... "...... 1 ...... 1 ......

2 ...... 2 ...... 2 ......

3 ...... 3 ...... 3 ...... 3. What do you expect from the project? 1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 4. What is your opinion regarding implementation of the TL project?

1 ...... 2...... 3 ...... 5. How this project could be successfully implemented?

1...... 2...... 3 ......

Resettlemention Action Plan 91 Annex-2 Consultation with Local Community (PRA) District S.N. VDClMun. Date Participants Key Iss ues raised Mechanism to address Responsible i the issue Agency T M F I L Employment il. Priority for employment 1& 2. HDDTLP to local people claus;: will Makawanpur I "'d,d ,,"" krul" Chhatiwan Sep 25,2010 23 22 I rocument · Formation of CDC and ~. Good compensation roviding compensation · Implementation of roject ~.Regular supply of 3. NEA I ~Iectricity I. Minimize impact 1& 2. Implementation of 1&2. HDDTLP mitigation/social support I program by mobilizing 2 Hatiya :sep 26,20 I 0 20 17 3 ocal people/ NGD ~.Involve local people in vroject activ ities ~. Regular supply of ~. Implementation of ~.NEA I ~Iectricity project 1. Employment 1. Priority for employment to 4. HDDTLP o local people claus;: will pe added in the tender ~ocument ~. Formation of CDC and 12. Good compensation providing compensation ~. Implementation of plantation/mitigation 3 Hamamadi ~ep 26,2010 21 1& 3 ~. Loss offorest program by mobilizing ocal people/ NGD ~. Implementation of initigation/social ~. Risk of high voltage ~wareness program by inobilizing local people/ NGD 5. Implementation of I I project 5. Regular supply of F' NEA I electricity I. Good compensation · Formation of CDC and 1&2. HDDTLP providing compensation ~. Implementation of 20 15 5 ~. Protection of rei igious mitigation/social support 4 Hctauda Mun. Sep 27,2010 place (Kushmandav program by mobilizing ~arobar area) ocal people/ NGD 3. Implementation of ~. Regular supply of project 3. NEA ~Iectricity ~. Beyond scope ofw

Resettlemention Action Plan 92 providing compensation 2, Implementation of I 7, Loss of forest ~lantatiOn/mitigation 7 Nijgadh Sep 29,2010 20 18 2 rogram by mobilizing local people/ NGO 3, Due attention has been 3. Avoid settlements given to avoid settlement ~uring survey 14, Implementation of 4, Regular supply of project ,4,NEA eic:ctricity I, Employment I, Priority for employment 1 to 3, HDDTLP to local people clause will be added in the tender document 2, Implementation of 2. Loss of forest plantation!mitigation 8 Bharatganj Sep 29, 2010 21 21 0 program by mobilizing 'ocal people! NGO entation of small. 3, Infrastructure e program by development (DW, bilizing local people! chools, HP) NGO 4, Implementation of project , Regular supply of ~,NEA electricity I Sub-total 2 - 41 39 2 I , Good compensation I, Formation of CDC and I to 2, HDDTLP oom"",t;,0 Rautahat !,,,;di,', Priority for employment 9 Chandranighapur Oct 1,2010 21 20 I " Employment . 01,,,1 "op1, ,1,,, wHi e added in the tender ocument , Implementation of roject 3, Regular supply of 3. NEA

I electricity I 1. Employment .1, Priority for employment I to 2, HDDTLP to local people c1aUge will be added in the tender document 10 Rangpur Oct2,2010 21 21 0 ~, Implementation of 2, Loss of lOrest 'plantation/mitigation program by mobilizing ocal people! NGO 3, Implementation of 3, Reduce load shedding project S,NEA

1. Loss of forest 1. Implementation of 1. HDDTLP ~Iantation/mitigation Kanakpur Oct 2, 2010 16 14 2 program by mobilizing 111 local \'C,()plei NGO II, Employment 11, Priority for employment I to 2, HDDTLP lO local people c1auge will be added in the tender document 12 Judibela Oct 2, 2010 20 19 I 2, Implementation of the ?, Involve local people in project activities! program he project activities by mobilizing local people NGO , 3, Implementation of j, Electrification project 3,NEA 1. Employment L Priority for employment 1 t02, HDDTLP to local people clauge will 13. Paurahi Oct 3, 2010 19 18 I ~ added in the tender ocument 2, Implementation of ), Support for health and ~mall health and education , ducat ion ;;upport programs bv

•

Resettlemention Action Plan 93 mobilizing local people/ NGO j. Implementation of ~. Regular supply of project 3. NEA ~Iectricity Sub-total 5 - 97 92 5 I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP providing compensation ~. Priority for employment Sarlahi 12. Employment o local people clause will "e added in the tender 14 Atrauli Sep 25, 2010 22 20 2 ~ocument ~. Implementation of project ~. Regular supply of ~. NEA ~Iectricity 1. Employment 1. Priority for employment 1. HDDTLP o local people clause will Sep 25,2010 21 17 4 "e added in the tender 15 Pattharkot ~ocurnent ~. Implementation of ~.Regular supply of project ~.NEA ~Iectricity 1. Employment I. Priority for employment 1 & 2. HDDTLP o local people clause will "e added in the tender ~ocument 16 Lalbandi Sep 27, 2010 20 16 4 2. Implementation of ~. Deforestation plantation/mitigation program by mobilizing ocal people/ NGO ~. Implementation of ~.Regular supply of project ~Iectricity 1. Employment I. Priority for employment 1 & 2. HDDTLP o local people clause will "e added in the tender ~ocurnent 17 Raniganj Sep 27, 2010 20 18 2 ~. Implementation of ~. Support for education ~mall educational support awareness program by ~obilizing local people/ iNGO ~. Implementation of ~.Regular supply of project 3. NEA ~Iectricity I.Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP providing compensation ~. As per prevailing law 18 Kalinjor Sep 28, 2010 36 32 4 ~. Provide income of cut rees offorest to VDC ~. Implementation of ~.Regular supply of project ~Iectricity 3. NEA

I. Employment I. Priority for employment I. HDDTLP o local people clause will "e added in the tender 19 ~ocument Bhaktipur :sep 29, 2010 39 28 II ~. Implementation of ~. No load shedding project 2. NEA

I. Protection of 1. Implementation of 1 to 4. HDDTLP ~istorical/religious place ~itigation program by ~obilizing local peope/ iNGO ~. Good compensation ~. Formation of CDC and 20 Karmaiya Oct 5, 2010 21 20 I providing compensation ~. Priority for employment ~. Employment o local people clause will "e added in the tender

Resettlemention Action Plan 94 document 4. Transparency will be maintained in the project 4. Control corruption activities by involving ocal people/NGO 5. Implementation of project 5.Reduce load shedding 5. NEA 1. Employment 1. Priority for employment 1 to 3. HDDTLP o local people clame will be added in the tender document Dhungekhola Oct 7, 2010 21 15 6 2 &3 . Implementation of 2. Minimize negative mitigation/awareness mpact program by mobilizing ocal people/NGO

3. Involve local people 4. Implementation of 4. Regular supply of project ~.NEA 21 electricity I.Protecti religious place 1 & 2. The religious place 1 to 3. HDDTLP of the area will be not affected. However, the area will be protected by by mobilizing local people NGO 2.Local people will be 2. Provide technical ·nformed regarding the .nformation about the TL echnical aspects of the project 22 Harion Oct 7, 2010 16 16 0 3. Priority for employment 3. Employment o local people clame will be added in the tender document

1. Employment I. Priority for employment 1. HDDTLP o local people clame will 23 Gaurishankar Sep 30,2010 44 24 20 be added in the tender document 7. Implementation of 2.Regular supply of project t2.NEA electricity Sub-total 9 - 250 196 54 I.Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1. HDDTLP providing compensation

2. Implementation of 24 Bhangaha Sep 30,2010 21 21 0 ? . Provide electricity project t2.NEA 1. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1 & 2. HDDTLP Maottari providing compensation 7. Priority for employment 2. Employment o local people clame will be added in the tender document 3. Beyond scope ofwcrk

25 Sahasaula Oct4,20IO 19 19 0 3.Reduce electricity tariff - 1. Employment 1. Priority for employment 1. HDDTLP o local people clame will 26 Khayarmara Oct 1,2010 45 30 1 be added in the tender document

2. Implementation of 2.No Load shedding project t2.NEA 27 Singyahi Oct 1,2010 22 21 1 I.Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Priority for employment 7. Employment o local people clau~ will be added in the tender

Resettlemention Action Plan 95 ~ocument I ~. Implementation of the project 3. Provide electricity ~NEA acility for irrigation I.Support for local I. Implementation of I.HDDTLP , development activities enhancement! awareness program by mobilizing local people! NGO :2. Implementation of 28 Dharampur Oct 2, 2010 i 20 19 1 2.No Load shedding project 2. NEA l.Support for income 2. Implementation of generating activities enhancement! awareness 29 Gauribas Oct3,2010 22 17 5 program by mobilizing ocal people! NGO 30 Maisthan Oct 3, 2010 i 25 19 6 I.Supply of electricity il. Implementation of I. NEA i project I I. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Priority for employment 2. Employment o local people claure will be added in the tender Idocument '3. Implementation of project 3.Reduce load shedding 3.NEA 31 . Dhamaura Oct 3, 2010 23 20 3 I.Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Priority for employment 2. Employment o local people claure will be added in the tender document 3. Implementation of project .i.Reduce load shedding S. NEA 32 Banauta Oct3,2010 17 16 I I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and II. HDDTLP providing compensation document

J. Implementation of 2.No load shedding project 2. NEA 33 Ram Gopalpur Oct 5, 2010 25 25 0 I.Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1. HDDTLP providing compensation document I 2 & 3. Implementation of 2. Provide electricity for the project 2 &3. l'<'EA 'rrigation 34 Sarpa\lo OctS, 2010 i 18 18 0 3.Reduce load shedding 1. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP I providing compensation document 2. Implementation of ~. Orientation to local orientatinlsocial awareness ~eople about the project program by mobilizing ocal people! NGO 3. Implementation of 3. Provide electricity frern project .l. NEA 35 Sonaul Oct 6, 2010 23 23 0 heTL I I. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and J &2.HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Priority for employment 2. Employment to local people c!aure will be added in the tender document 3. Implementation of project 36 Ekdara Oct 7, 2010 23 I 22 I 3.Reduce load shedding S.NEA

Resettlemention Action Plan 96 LGood compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1&2. HDDTLP providing compensation ~. '''0,"" fi" =pl",~", 12. Employment o local people clam~ will e added in the tender locument

37 Sandha Oct 7 2010 20 20 0 1. Good compensation L Formation of CDC and 1 to 3. HDDTLP providing compensation

Implementation of 2. Risk of high voltage nhancementl awareness iflow )rogram by mobilizing ocal people/ NGO ~. Priority for employment o local people clause will 3. Employment be added in the tender document 4. Implementation of project

4.Rcduce load shedding ~.NEA 38 Bathnaha Oct 8, 2010 23 21 2 1. Employment ; Priority for employment 1. HDDTLP local people clause will added in the tender

. Implementation of 2. No load shedding roject ~.NEA 39 Manara Oct 7, 2010 22 22 0 I. Good compensation II &2. Formation ofCDC 1 to 3. HDOTLP ~nd providing ¢ompensation ?Compensation ofland 1I111derROW 3. Employment ~. Priority for employment o local people clause will ~e added in the tender ~ocument ~~/mplementation of 4.Reduce load shedding oJect ~.NEA 40 Siswa Kataiya Oct 8, 2010 17 17 0 '---' I.Support for construction II. Implementation of 1 to 3. HDDTLP pf irrigation scheme (gate) nt program by pn Ratu river t10bilizing local people/ 2. Employment GO . Priority for employment I o local people clause will ~ added in the tender ~ocument 3.Reduce load shedding 3. Implementation of 41 Halkhori Oct 8,2010 22 19 3 "roieet NEA Sub-total 18 - 407 369 38 Ohanusa 42 LGood compensation 1. F ormation of CDC and 1&2. HOOTLP providing compensation 2. Priority for employment 2. Employment o local people claus:: will added in the tender oeument Implementation of oject 3.Reduce load shedding ~.NEA Laxminiwas f:;ep 26, 2010 26 23 3

Resettlemention Action Plan 97 43 I.Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP ! providing compensation 2 & 3. Implementation of ~. Supply electricity for project 3. NEA 'rrigation $.No load shedding 4. Beyond scope ofwcrk Bateshwor 1Scp 28,2010 191 17 2 f:\..Reduce electricity tariff - 44 I.Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and !I & 2. HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Priority for employment I ~. Employment o local people c1aml! will be added in the tender document

Bhuchakrapur Sep 29 2010 23 23 0 • I 45 Bengadabar Oct 4, 2010 21 15 6 . Employment I. Priority for employment 1. HDDTLP o local people clau!'e will r.e added in the tender

11.Compensation for public I. Formation of CDC and 1 & 2. HDDTLP and providing compensation as Tulsichauda Oct 4, 2010 19 13 6 per the prevailing law 2. Priority for employment! 46 2. Employment o local people c1au~ will be added in the tender document pport for community I. Implementation of 1. HDDTLP pment/income !i!nhaneement' awareness 47 Pusbalpur I Oct 5,2010 20 16 4 enerating activities program by mobilizing oeal people/ NGO .

48 I. Employment I. Priority for employment I. HDDTLP UmaPrempur Oct 5,2010 23 13 10 o local people clau!'e will pc added in the tender i ~oeument I, Employment 1. Priority for employment 1&2. HDDTLP ~ local people elau!'e will Naktajhij Oct 6, 2010 21 21 0 pc added in the tender ~oeument 49 ~. Implementation of ~.Support for community nhancement/ awareness ~evelopment/income program by mobilizing generating activities ocal people/ NGO I.Support for local I. Implementation of I. HDDTLP Hariharpur Oct 6, 2010· 24 21 3 ~evelopment/ineome nhancement' awareness 50 ~enerating activities rogram by mobilizing ocal peoplel NGO i 51 11. Employment ~ Priority for employment II to 3. HDDTLP local people elause will pc added in the tender ~ocument 12. Formation of CDC and Dhalkcbar Oct 7,2010 18 9 9 ~. Good compensation providing compensation ~. Implementation of I plantation/enhancement' b.Loss of community program by mobilizing I Irorest ocal people! NGO I 52 I.Reduce load shedding 1. Implementation of I. NEA project ~. Employment 2. Priority for employment 12. HDDTL ~o local people clause will ~e added in the tender kiocument i Yagyabhumi bct 7, 2010 19 19 0 53 1. Supply electricity for ~. Implementation of I.NEA Godar bct 10,2010 19 19 0 'rrigation project 54 1. Employment ~~ Priority for employment . HDDTLP local people clau~ will Bharatpur ,Oct 11,2010 I 19 I 17 2 pe add~tI in the tender

Resettlemention Action Plan 98 ~ocument 2. Implementation of ~. Supply electricity for project ~.NEA 'rrigation Sub-total 13 - 271 226 45 I Siraha 55 I. Employment I. Priority for employment I & 2. HDDTLP o local people claull: will be added in the tender document 2. Formation of CDC and 2. Good compensation providing compensation ~. Implementation of project ~.Regular supply of j.NEA Badaharamal Sep 25,2010 21 21 0 ¢lectricity 56 I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1&2. HDDTLP providing compensation I 2. Implementation of '. Create awareness awareness program by egarding the project mobilizing local people!

NGO ! 3. Implementation of I 3.Reduce load shedding project l3 &4. NEA ~.Regular supply of Rampur Birta rsep 28,2010 24 21 3 electricity 57 I. Good compensation I & 2. Formation of CDC 1 &2. HDDTLP 'and providing ompensation for land loss '. Reduction ofland value and land use restriction under ROW 3. This is not scientifically 3. Reduction in crop proofed production ofland under ROW 4. Implementation of the 4. Consult local VDC project involving local ~. HDDTLP evel stakeholders during takeholders! people .mplementation p. Implementation of project 5.No load shedding Karianha Sep 28,2010 16 16 0 ~.NEA 58 L Involve local people in I. Implementation of L HDDTLP project activ ities project activities by involvinghmbilizing local peoplc!NGO 2. Open industries for 2. Beyond scope ofwcrk - Mirchaiya Sep29,2010 21 19 2 ~mployment 59 I. Protect religious temple 1. The Gumba will be not . Gumba) affected 2. Formation of CDC and ~. HDDTLP providing compensation '). Good compensation ""handra Udaypur Sep 30,2010 16 16 0 60 I. Employment ~~ Priority for employment . HDDTLP local people claull: will added in the tender document 2. Implementation of '.Reduce load shedding ~roject 2.NEA Fulbariva Oct 1,2010 15 14 I 61 I. Good compensation L Formation of CDC and 1 &2. HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Implementation of 2. Risk of high voltage awareness program by bilizing local people!

plementation of ! 3. Regular supply of project ~.NEA Chandralalpur .Oct 1,2010 17 16 • I lectricity 62 I.Support for communit} L Implementation of & 2. HDDTLP I development/income nhancementl awareness Jamdah Oct 4, 2010 19 19 0 generating activities program by mobilizing

Resettlemention Action Plan 99 ! ~ocal peoplel NGO , ,Due attention has been l, Avoid settlement given to avoid settlement I technical during survey 63 I, Supply electricity for ~. Implementation of the I.NEA rrigation project '),Risk of accidents from '), Consttuction of project :2. HDDTLP broken wire ofTL with safety measures and implementation of awareness program by mobilizing local peoplel Bastipur pet 5, 2010 23 231 0 NGO 64 I. Supply electricity for I & 2. Implementation of 1&2. NEA I 'rrigation the project 2.No load shedding

j, Free electricity to poor ,i. Beyond scope ofwcrk - Govindapur pct5,2010 19 16 3 i 65 · Regular supply of ~~ 2. Implementation of 1&2. NEA electricity e project 5.Risk of accidents from . Construction of project ~ &4. HDDTLP broken wire of TL !with safety measures and of ~PI~O"'i,"wareness program by I obilizing local people/ GO , . Priority for employment 1:0 local people clause will re added in the tender · Employment ocument

Asanpur pet 6, 2010 27 27 0 66 I. Reduce load shedding 1. Implementation of the I],NEA Dhangadhi pct6,2010 19 19 0 project 67 1. Supply electricity for 1 & 2. Implementation of 1&2. NEA 'rrigation 'the project ! Ayodhyanagar pet 7, 2010 13 13 0 2. Reduce load shedding 68 1. Supply electricity for :1 & 2. Implementation of 1 & 2. NEA rrigation ~e project I Lalpur Pct 7, 2010 23 23 0 2. Reduce load shedding : 69 I. Employment I. Priority for employment 1& 2. HDDTLP o local people clause will

! oddod io ili, reod" rocument . Implementation of the · Involve local people in roject by involving local project activities takeholdersl people Padariya Oct 7, 2010 I 49 41 8 70 I. Inform local people II. Orientation regarding I. HDDTLP ~bout the project before the project will be ·mpl,~o.. i," ~",id'd to bod ","pI' I efore implementation ~. Provide electricity & 3. Implementation of 12& 3. NEA f:onnection near ponds for e project 'rrigation S. Reduce load shedding , Bhadaiya Oct 7, 2010 I 30 3 I 71 I, Good compensation 1 & 2. Formation of CDC 1 &2. HDDTLP kmd providing ~ompensation 2. No collateral ofland by : Laban Oct 9, 2010 24 24 0 bank under ROW Sub-total 17 - I 376 357 19 Saptari 1. Good compensation ll. Formation of CDC and ilto 4, HDDTLP 172 I providing compensation reople/NGO 12. Loss of forest 15, Implementation of the Bakdhuwa project 3, Safety of human and I $ep25,2010 32 23 I 9 ~ivestock

Resettlemention Action Plan 100 - I I 4. Support for local I development I I ti R,,,,I~ "'PPly of ~. NEA I lectricity 73 ! 11. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and lto 3. HDDTLP providing compensation 1 I ~. Construction of project 2. Safety of human from !with safety measures and electric hazards ,mplemcntation of ·awareness program by mobilizing local people/NGOs j. Market center will be rot affected Jandaul Sep 25,20 lO 20 15 5 3. Avoid market center 74 I. Inform local people L information regarding I to 3. HDDTLP about the positive and Ithe positive and negative negative impact of the impact of the project will project be provided to local people ~.Support for community '. Implementation of development/income enhancement program by penerating activities tmobilizing local people! GO 3. Employment 3. Priority for employment to loeal people clause will j:le added in the tender document 4. Implementation of the 4. Electrification project .NEA 5. The temple will be not 5. Protect religious place affeeted - Sitapur :,ep 27,2010 I 23 23 0 Agnisair temple) 75 I. Good compensation l. Formation of CDC and 1 to 4. HDDTLP providing compensation ? & 3. Construction of 2. Safety of human and project with safety ivestock measures, implementation of mitigation/awareness 3. Loss of furest and plantation programs by tm0bilizing local people! GO 4. Priority for employment: to local people clause will : 4. Employment Ibe added in the tender document 5. Implementation of the project Theliya S. Regular supply of ~. NEA Sep 28,2010 I 23 17 6 electricity 76 I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and L HDDTLP tproviding compensation ~. Implementation of the '. Electrification project Bhangaha Sep 28,2010 I 26 20 6 '.NEA 77 I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and 1 & 2. HDDTLP providing compensation ~. information regarding "). Inform local people he positive and negative about the positive and mpact of the project will negative impact of the be provided to local project people 3 to 5. Implementation of 3. Provide electricity the project to 5. NEA onnection for irrigation 4. Regular supply of lectricity I Raypur ~ep 28,2010 36 I 31 5 5. Upgrade Rupani • Resettlemention Action Plan 101 ransmission line 78 L Inform local people ~. Orien~tion regarding 1. HDDTLP about the negative impact ~he project will be of project be fore provided to local people .mplementation before implementation '. Reduce load shedding 2. Implementation of the 3. Avoid Birendrabazar project ~. NEA 4. Protect religious place 3 & 4. The religious - Shiva temple and Kabir place/temple and Guthi) B irendrabazar will be not - Tehrauta $ep29,2010 25 19 6 affected 79 I. Good compensation L Formation of CDC and 1 to 3. HDDTLP providing compensation 2. Construction of project '. Safety of human from with safety measures and lectric hazards mplementation of awareness program by mobilizing local people/NGOs 3. Priority for employment to local people clause will ~. Employment be added in the tender document 4. Implementation of the project

~. Reduce load shedding 4. NEA Rupnagar iSep 29,20 I 0 15 12 3 80 1. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and I. HDDTLP providing compensation '. Implementation of the . Regular supply of project 2. NEA electricity 3. Beyond scope of wcrk Madhuparti . Provide free electricity - o poor

Sep 29,2010 29 2S 4 81 1. Employment 1. Priority for employment 1 &2. HDDTLP o local people clause will be added in the tender document 2. Orientation regarding 2. Inform local people the project will be about the negative impact provided to local people of project before before implementation . mplementation 3.Beyond scope of work ~. Construct of road to AP - Khoksar Sep 30,2010 45 38 7 ~ite

I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and I to 5. HDDTLP providing compensation ") to 4. Construction of ~. Safety of human and project with safety 82 ivestock measures, implementation of ~. Loss offorest mitigation/enhancement! awareness and plantation programs by mobilizing ocal people/NGO

Resettlemention Action Plan 102 . Implementation of 2. Support for community mitigation/awareness development programs by mobilizing ocal people/ NGO • 3. Priority for employment 3. Employment o local people clau~ will be added in the tender document 4. Implementation of the project . Reduce load shedding 4. NEA 84 I. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and II to 4. HDDTLP providing compensation i2 to 4. Construction of 7.. Safety of human and project with safety ivestock !measures, implementation ~f mitigation/awareness 3. Loss offorest ~nd plantation programs by ~obilizing local people/ fNGO

4. Skill development training (bamboo) to S. Priority for employment women o local people c1au~ will ,. Employment be added in the tender document o. Implementation of the project Kamalpur o. Regular supply of 6.NEA Oct I, 2010 21 20 1 electricity 85 I. Inform local people 1. Orientation regarding 1. HDDTLP about the project before the project will be .mplementation provided to local people Praswani before implementation 2. Regular supply of 2. Implementation of the 2.NEA Oct L 2010 i 21 21 0 electricity proiect 86 I. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1 to 3. HDDTLP providing compcnsation '. Orientation regarding ? Inform local people the project will be about the project before provided to local people mplementation before implementation 3. Implementation of .Support for communit) enhancement! awareness development/income program by mobilizing "cnerating activities 'ocal people/ NGO ~. Implementation ofthe project 4. Regular supply of 4. NEA electricity

Pasera Oct 2, 2010 19 16 3 87 1. Inform local people I. Orientation regarding I. HDDTLP about the project before the project will be 'mplementation provided to local people before implementation '. Reduce load :2 & 3. Implementation of 2 & 3. NEA 3. Provide electricity tile project I Khojpur Oct 2, 2010 29 18 II onnection for irrigation 88 I. Good compensation il. Formation of CDC and I to 4. HDDTLP ~roviding compensation

'. Low valuation ofland under row 3. Priority for employment j. Employment ; local people c1au~ will added in the tender Dharampur 4. Construction of project Oct2.2010 24 17 7 with safety measures, Resettlemention Action Plan 103 4. safety of human and implementation of ivestock awareness program by I mobilizing hx:al people! NGO 5. Implementation of the project

5. Regular supply of 5. NEA electricity 89 I. Good compensation 1. Fonnation of CDC and 1&2. HDDTLP providing compensation ? Orientation regarding 7. Inform local people the project will Ix: about the project before provided to local people implementation before implementation

i .:l. Beyond the scope of 3. Construct road to AP work - Daulatpur Oct 3, 2010 20 i 20 0 ire 90 I. Good compensation l. Fonnation of CDC and 1& 2. HDDTLP providing compensation I ? Orientation regarding 2. Inform local people the project will Ix: about the project before provided to local people .mplementation before implementation 3.Beyond scope of work Kalyanpur Oct 4, 2010 28 26 2 ~. Reduce electricity tariff '------.. - 91 1. Good compensation I. Fonnation of CDC and 1 to 3. HDDTLP providing compensation "). Orientation regarding 2. Inform local people the project will be about the project before provided to local people .mplementation before implementation 3. implementation of 3. Support for irrigation enhancement! awareness cherne program by mobilizing ocal people! NGO

I Kusaha ~. implementation of the IProject I Oct 5, 2010 27 _... 23 4 4. Reduce load shedding ~.NEA Sub-total 20 - 494 405 89 92 1. Good compensation l. Fonnation of CDC and I to 5. HDDTLP providing compensation . Orientation regarding ? Inform local people the project will be about the project before provided to local people mplementation before implementation 3. implementation of j. Support for community enhancement! awareness development program by mobilizing ocal people!NGO 4. Priority for employment o local people clause will 4. Employment be added in the tender document 5. The area will be not I affected o. implementation of the 5. Protect Ramdhuni area project o. Reduce load shedding i Sunsari Singiya Sep 26,2010 22 21 I I 6.NEA 93 1. Good compensation l. Fonnation of CDC and 1 to 3. HDDTLP providing compensation /. Priority for employment J. Employment o local people clause will be added in the tender document 3. Implementation of enhancement! awareness 3. Support for community program by mobilizing i i I Mahendranagar ~ep 27,2010 ! 19 I 15 4 development ,ocal people! NGO

Resettlemention Action Plan 104 I I I 94 1. Good compensation I FormatIOn of CDC and I to 4. HDDTLP

PerOldic information · Maintain transpareney i f"di"gardmg the"""'"..,, project will he project activities e provided to local eople and transparency ill be maintained in its iimplementation p. Implementation of ~nhancementl awareness · Support for local program by mobilizing development ocal people/ NGO ~. Priority for employment o local people clause will ~e added in the tender ~. Employment .doeument f. 'mpl~'.~tioo ofth< rOJect Bhokraha

Oet7,2010 I 24 22 2 ~. Reduce load shedding ~. NEA 95 1. Good compensation l. Formation of CDC and t03. HDDTLP ~roviding compensation · Implementation of ~. Support for community nhancementl awareness ~evelopment r,,,m by mob""'" ocal people/ NGO · Priority for employment o local people clause will 5. Employment e added in the tender document ~. implementation of the . Dumraha j:lroject Oct 8, 2010 23 21 2 · Reduce load shedding ~.NEA I Sub-total 4 - 88 79 9 96 !

I. Good compensation \. Formation of CDC and I to 3. HDDTLP IProviding compensation ~. Implementation of ? Support for community ~nhancementl awareness development r"=ocal people! by ~bili".g NGO · Priority for employment o local people clause will kEmployment be added in the tender idocument ~. implementation of the project

Uda ur Ram ur Thoksila Oct 2, 2010 I 18 · Reduce load sheddin . NEA 97 \. Good compensation\. Formation of CDC and I to 3. HDDTLP . roviding compensation · Implementation of · Support for community nhancementl awareness development rogram by mobilizing i ~ocal people! NGO · Provide technical raining to 4-5 selected ersons · The temple will be not ffected · Protect Ganesh temple . implementation of the · Reduce load shedding roject Oct 4,2010 i'--...:1..:..7-'---'.13"----'.4-L-______-'-- __ . _____--"-':==--=--- ___

Resettlemention Action Plan 105 Consultation with Local Women Group (FGD) District S.N. VDClMun. Date !fotal Key IssueS/Concerns Mechanism to Address the Responsible Parti Raised Issues Agency Ilnts I Chittwan Sep 25, 2010 & l. Reduce load sheddirg I. Implementation of project I. NEA 2. Reduce electricity tariff 7. Beyond scope of work 2 I. Good compensation l. Formation of CDC and l. HDDTLP Harnamadi Sep26,2010 & providing compensatirn Makawanpur 2. Reduce load sheddirg 7. Implementation of project ~.NEA 3. Reduce electricity tariff 3. Beyond scope of work I. Protection of religious l. Implementation of social l. HDDTLP 3 I place (Kushmandav support program by Sarobar) mobilizing local people/ HetudaMun. Sep27,2010 7 NGO 2. Reduce load sheddirg '. Implementation of project 2.NEA 3. Reduce electricity tariff 3. Beyond scope of work Sub-total 3 - 23 . - - 4 I. Minimize adverse I. Implementation of 1. HDDTLP impacts of the project mitigation/social support ! Rautahat ~handranigahpur Oct. 1,2010 program by mobilizing local people/NGO 9 • 2. No load shedding 2. Implementation of project 2.NEA Sub-total 1 . 9 - - - I. Good compensation I. Formation of CDC and I. HDDTLP Karmaiya Oct. 4, 2010 7 providing compensatirn 5 2. Reduce load sheddirg 2. Implementation of project 2.NEA 3. Reduce electricity tariff 5. Beyond scope of work 6 II. Provide irrigation facility I. Implementation of I. HDDTLP mitigation/social support Attrauli Sep 24, 2010 10 program by mobilizing local Sarlahi people/ NGO 2.Electrification 2. Rural electrification by NEA 2.NEA as enhancement measure I 7 I. Provide drinking water I to 3. Implementation of I to 3. HDDTLP Ranigunj Sep27,2010 & facility mitigation/social support ~. Electric hazard program by mobilizing local 13. Loss of trees/saplings people/NGO 4. Reduce load sheddng 4. Implementation of project ~.NEA Sub-total 3 . 25 - - - ! & I. Employment I. Priority for emplo}ment to I. HDDTLP local people clause will be added in the tender documen Gauribas Oct.3,2010 10 i ? Beyond scope of work

I 2. Free electricity Mahottari 9 ! I. Employment 1. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP local people clause will be Sasaula Oct. 4, 2010 added in the tcnder documcn ~. Implementation of 7 f2.Local development mitigation/social support 2. HDDTLP program by mobilizing local • people/ NGO I Bathanaha Oct. 6, 2010 9 11. Employment i I. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP I local people clause will be added in the tender documen

Sub-total l ! 3 - - - - 1. Compensation for land 1. Formation of CDC and 1. HDDTLP providing compensatirn "l Bengadawar ! Sep 25,2010 9 ~. Employment ~. Priority for employment to 2. HDDTLP ~. local people clause will be added in the tender doeumen I . Implementation of project

Resettlemention Action Plan 106 3. Regular ~upplv of electricity G.NEA 12 Bhuchakrapur Sep 28, 2010 I.Employment 1. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP Dhanusha local people clause 'will be 7 added in the tender documen

\3 l.Employment 1. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP local people clause will be added in the tender documen ~. Implementation of project Godar Oct 8,2010 10 2. Regular supply of electricity ~.NEA 3. Support for school, health 3. Implementation of post, rural road mitigation/social support ~. HDDTLP program by mobilizing local' ... peoplel NGO 14 ~: Provide skill training 1& 2. Implementation of I . Involve local people and mitigation/social support Umaprempur Oct 9, 2010 15' maintain transparency program by mobilizing local people/NGO '3. Reduce load shedding $. Implementation of project $.NEA 15 I.Employment !I. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP I local people clause \vill be Dhalkebar Oct 6, 2010 8 added in the tender documen t2. Implementation of project 2. Reduce load shedding b.NEA Sub-total 5 49 - - - 16 1. Reduce load shedding l.lmplementation of project 1. NEA 2. Support for drinking water 2. Implementation of ~. HDDTLP Phulbariya Sep 28, 2010 and irrigation mitigation/social support program by mobilizing local 9 peopie/NGO Siraha 17 I.Employment I. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP local people clause will be Bastipur Oct 5, 2010 added in the tenrer documen ~. Implementation of project 7 2. Reduce load shedding ~.~EA 18 Lalpur Oct 3, 2010 10 1. Regular supply of electricit~l. Implementation of project I.NEA

Sub-total 3 - 16 - - - Saptari 19 I.Electrification 1. Rural electrification by NEA l.NEA as enhancement measure 2. Priority for employment to Sitapur Sep 25, 2010 ~.Eniployment local people clause ",111 be ~. HDDTLP added in the tender documen $. Implementation of project

II b. No load shedding ~.NEA 20 1. Minimize adverse impacts I & 2. Implementation of II & 2. HDDTLP I Theliya Sep26,2010 8 ~.Safty issue mitigation/social support program by mobilizing local people/NGO 21 Bhangaha Sep 27,2010 10 1. Reduce load shedding I. Implementation of project I.NEA 22 I. Reduce load shedding I. Implementation of project 1.NEA ~. avoid religious places ~. Implementation of 2. HDDTLP

Pansera Sep28,2010 ! mitigation/social support 9 program by mobilizing local people/NGO 23 Daulatpur Sep29,2010 7 I. Reduce load shedding l. Implementation of project I.NEA Sub-total 5 - 45 - - - Udyapur 24 il. Employment 1. Priority for employment to 1 to 3. HDDTLP I local people clause will be added in the tenrer documen Thokshila Oct 2,2010 2 & 3. Implementation of 7. Avoid religious places mitigation/social support II 3. Support for local program by mobilizing local development peopJe/NGO

Sub-total _ ... 1 - 11 - - -

Resettlemention Action Plan 107 Sunsari I. Employment II. Priority for employment to I. HDDTLP 25 Dumraha Oct 8,2010 I local people clause will be added in the tender documen ~. Implementation of project II ~.Reduce load shedding; !.NEA Sub-total 1 - 111 - I - - Total 25 - I 215 - I - -

Consultation with OccupationaVIndi~enous Male Group (FGD) I District S.N. VDC/Municipality Date Total Key IssueS/Concerns Mechanism to Address the I Responsible Particip Raised Issues Agency ants I 1. Employment I. Priority for employment to II to 3. HDDTLP local people clause will be added in the tender documen I Shreepur Chitwan • Sep25,2010 6 2 to 3. Implementation of '. Irrigation mitigation/social support 3. Skill development program by mobilizing local training people/NGO I I I 1. Priority for employment to I &2.HDDTLP local people clause will be I Churiyamai Sep 26, 2010 added in the tender document Makawanpur • 2 2. Support for education 2. Implementation of mitigation/social support program by mobilizing local 7 people/NGO 3 1. Protection of religious 1. Implementation of social 1 &3.HDDTLP place (Kushmandav support program by Sarobar) mobilizing local people! 2. Employment NGO Hetuda Municipality Sep 27, 2010 6 2. Priority for employment to local people clause will be i added in the tender documen~ 3. Formation of CDC and 3. Good compensation providing compensation I Sub-total 3 - 19 - - - Bara 4 I.Minimize forest clearance 1. Implementation of mitigation 1 &2.HDDTLP & social support program by mobilizing local peoplc! 2. Employment NGO Nijgadh Scp 29, 2010 10 2. Priority for cmployment to local people clause will be added in the tender documen 3.Reduce load shedding 3. Implementation ofprojeet ~.NEA I Sub-total 1 - 10 - - - Rautahat 5 1. Protection of rcligious 1. Implementation of social 1 & 2. HDDTLP I place (Nunthar Mahadev) support program by mobilizing local people! Paurahi Oct 4, 2010 6 ? Employment NGO 2. Priority for employment to local people clause will be added in the tender documen , 3.Rcduce load shedding 3. Implementation of project ! ~.NEA Sub-total 1 - 6 - - - 6 1. Employment I. Priority for employment to I. HDDTI.P local people clause will be Sarlahi Harlon Oct 6, 2010 added in the tender documen 7 2. Regular supply of 2 & 3. Implementation of the electricity project i ~& 3. NEA i $ .No load shedding; Sub-total 1 - 7 - - -

Resettlemention Action Plan 108 7 I I. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and 1 &2.HDDTLP providing compensation ~. Employment ~. Priority for employment to local people clause will be Siswakataiya OctK 2010 added in the tender documen 3. Implementation of project 8 p. Reduce load shedding 4. Beyond scope of work 3. NEA Mahottari 4. Establish industries 8 I. Good compensation 1. Formation of CDC and I to 3. HDDTLP providing compensation Oct 7, 2010 '. Employment '). Priority for employment to Dhamaura local people clause will be 7 added in the tender documen ~.lmplementation of social 3. Minimize negative support program by impacts in community mobilizing local people/ NGO

9 1. Employment I. Priority for employment to II. HDDTLP Sarpallow Oct 6, 2010 9 local people clause will be added in the tender documen /. Implementation of project '). Reduce load shedding 3. Beyond scope of work 2.NEA j. Industrialization in the area Sub-total 3 I . - 24 - - - I. Employment 1. Priority for employment to II. HDDTLP local people clause will be added in the tender document 10 Yagyabhumi Oct 6, 2010 9 ). Implementation of project '). Regular supply of ~.NEA electricity 3. Beyond scope of work Dhanusha I 3. Establish industries 11 I 1. Good compensation 1 & 2. Formation of CDC and 1& 2. HDDTLP providing compensation Dhalkebar Oct 6, 2010 '). Ease the land acquisition

I 8 process I. Good compensation II. Formation of CDC and 1 & 2. HDDTLP I providing compensation :'. Employment '). Priority for employment to 12 Bateshowr Oct 8, 2010 7 local people clause will be added in the tender documen 3. Implementation of project I 3,Reduce load shedding $.NEA Sub-total 3 - 24 - - - 13 1. Avoid agriculture land 11. Implementation of social 1. HDDTLP support program by mobilizing local peoplel NGO Badahararnal Sep 24, 2010 7 2. Regular supply of 2. Implementation of project 2. HDDTLP electricity

4. Establish industries for 3. Beyond scope of work Siraha local employment I 14 I.Provide irrigation facility I & 2. Implementation of social 1 & 2. HDDTLP • Padariya Oct 10,2010 11 2. Support for health and support program by education mobilizing local people/ NGO

15 1. Electrification in poor 1 & 2. Implementation of 1&2. NEA community project ~amnagar Mirchaiya Sep 30, 2010 10 7.. Regular supply of I electricity Sub-total 3 - 28 - - - Saptari 116 Bakdhm.va Sep 26, 2010 7 I. Good compensation l. Formation of CDC and 1 &2.HDDTLP providing compensation

Resettlemention Action Plan 109 ~. Employment 2. Priority for employment to ! local people clause will be added in the tender documen 3. Implementation of project ~. Reduce load shedding 3 &4. NEA ~. Replace old electric poles 17 1. Flood control 1. Implementation of social 1. HDDTLP support program by Daulatpur \I mobilizing local peoplel Sep30,2010 NGO ~. Regular supply of ~. Implementation of project 2.NEA electricity 18 I. Regular supply of I. Implementation of project I.NEA electricity I Bhangaha Sep26,2010 11 ~. Avoid private land for ~. Technically unavoidable tower & use govt. land

19 1. Provide income I & 2. Implementation of social I &2.HDDTLP generating programs support program by Ghoganpur 6 ~. Provide irrigation facility mobilizing local people/ Sep 26, 2010 .t!. Support for . NGO . industrialization ~. Beyond scope of work Sub-total 4 - 35 - - - 20 I. Employment I. Priority for employment to I to 3. HDDTLP local people clause will be added in the tender documen ~ & 3. Implementation of social Udyapur Tapeshowari Oct 10, 2010 7 ~.protect religious support program by places/temple mobilizing local peoplel NGO

~.Local participation in project activities ~. Implementation of project ~. Reduce load shedding ~.NEA Sub-total 1 - 7 - - - 21 I.Locai participation in 1 & 2. Implementation of social I & 2. HDDTLP I project activities support program by Mahendranagar Oct 7,2010 7 ~. Support for local mobilizing local people/ development NGO I 1. Employment I. Priority for employment to 1. HDDTLP local people clause will be added in the tender ~. Implementation of project 22 Bhokraha Oct 7,2010 11 ~. Reduce load shedding 3. Beyond scope of work ~.NEA

~. Support for ~ industrialization I

Sub-total 2 - 18 - - - Total 22 - 178 - - -

Resettlemention Action Plan 110 Annex-3 Name List of Project Affected Households by Land Holding and Land Loss

« Landh Loss District ·\Wc Name of HHHeac:i Ethnic/Group old!ng I (ha.) ~N (ha.,

1 Dhanusa Dhalkebar i Himal Bdr. Syangdang Janajati 0.5 0.02 2 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Thakai Shah Terai Origin 1.4 0.02

3 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Ram Chandra Shah i Terai Origin 0.2 0.02 4 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Bir Bdr. Yonjan Janajati 1.8 1.45 5 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Man Bdr. Syangdan Janajati 0.6 0.39 6 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Ram Ashish Shah Terai Origin 0.4 0.37 7 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Muskan Lama Janajati 0.3 0.27

! 8 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Mangal Singh Tamang Janajati 0.4 i 9 Dhanusa i Dhalkebar Nathuni Thakur Terai Origin 1.5 0.99 10 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Khadga Bdr. Baniya Upper Cast 1.0 0.89 11 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Sanj Maya Tamang Janajati 0.7 0.37 12 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Dilip Kumar Shah Terai Origin 0.7 0.68

13 ! Dhanusa Dhalkebar ~(lgani Devi Shah Terai Origin 0.3 D.341 14 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Sitaram Shah Terai Origin 1.0 0.11 15 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Suresh Yadav Terai Origin 0.9 0.42 16 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Kishori Shah Terai Origin 0.7 0.42 17 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Raj Lal Yadav Terai Origin 0.3 0.03 18 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Ram Prasad Yadav • Terai Origin 1.0 0.78 Dhalkebar Netra Kumari Devi Upper Cast 0.5 0.44 ~a2 nusa Dhalkebar Rajendra Mahato Koiri Terai Origin 0.4 0.24 21 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Ram Kamal Shah Terai Origin 3.4 0.47 22 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Kapil Dev Yadav Terai Origin 0.0 0.03

23 ! Dhanusa Dhalkebar Dhanik Lal Shah Terai Origin 0.8 0.30

I 24 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Shivati Devi Kathbania Terai Origin 0.9 ! 0.33 25 Dhanusa Dhalkebar B~ogendra Yadav Terai Origin 0.1 0.03 26 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Ram Bdr. Yadav Terai Origin 0.4 0.03 27 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Bikau Yadav Terai Origin 0.3 0.01 28 Dhanusa Begadabar Tilai Mahato Terai Origin 1.6 0.Q2 29 Dhanusa Begadabar Prakash Shrestha • Janajati 0.9 0.02 30 Dhanusa Begadabar Jag(lt Narayan Mahato Terai Origin 2.7 0.02

31 ! Dhanusa Begadabar Maya B.K. Dalit 0.7 0.02

I 32 Dhanusa Bateshwor Surya Dev Mahato Terai Origin 2.0 0.02 I 33 Dhanusa Bhuchakrapur Rana Bdr. Thapa Janajati 1.9l 0.02 34 Dhanusa Bhucchakrapur Pra~sh Mahato i Terai Origin 0.3 0.02

! 35 Dhanusa Bhangaha Tej Narayan Singh Janajati 17.3 0.02 36 Dhanusa Yagyabhumi . Ambika K.C. Upper Cast 0.1 0.02 37 Dhanusa . Bharatpur Sojindra Thakur Janajati 1.1 0.02 38 Dhanusa • Bharatpur Shiva Shankar K. Yadav Terai Origin 1.0 0.02

39 ! Dhanusa Godar Arjun Panjiyar Terai Origin 3.4 i 0.02 ~Dhanusa ! Godar Bechan Raut Terai Origin 1.0 0.02 I i 41 Dhanusa Godar Vijaya Kumar Jayaswal Terai Origin 20.3 0.02

Resettlemention Action Plan III 42 Dhanusa i Gauribas Rajan Tolange Dalit 0.4 0.02 43 Dhanusa Uma Prempur Vindeshwor Shah Terai Origin 14.9 0.02 ~ Mahottari Bhangaha Maheshwor Shah Terai Origin 4.1 0.02 Mahottari Singahi Renu Devi Shah Terai Origin 0.2 0.02 46 Mahottari Gonarpura Mangal Mansoor Muslim 0.6 0.02 47 Mahottari Dhamaura Sadik Kawadi Muslim 1.8 0.02 48 Mahottari Dhamaura Biltu Kawadi Muslim 2.5 0.02 i 49 I Mahottari Sahasaula Shivaji Chaud hari Terai Origin 0.3 0.02 50 Mahottari Sahasaula i Jagarnath Ray Terai Origin 0.7 0.02

51 Mahottari Sahasaula Bechan Ray Terai Origin 1.8 • 0.02 52 Mahottari Sahasaula Sitaram Yadav Terai Origin 0.3 0.02 ~ttari Sarpallo Ram Sogarath Mahato Terai Origin 1.8 0.02 I 54 Mahottari Sarpallo Brahma Dev Mahato Terai Origin 1.9 0.02 ~ Mahottari Sisawa Kataiya Ram Chandra Tiwari Terai Origin 3.4 0.02 i Mahottari Sisawa Kataiya Manoj Kumar Pandey Terai Origin 6.1 0.02 57 Makwanpur Hetauda Muni. Indra Mani Tiwari Upper Cast 0.3 0.02

58 Makwanpur Churiyamai Keshab Timilsina Upper Cast I 0.2 0.02 59 Makwanpur Churiyamai Bimala B.K. Dalit 0.1 0.02 60 Makwanpur Harnamadi Surya Bdr. Molan Janajati 0.5 0.02 61 Makwanpur Chhatiwan Jagat Bdr. Lama Janajati 0.4 0.02 62 Makwanpur Chhatiwan Lal Bdr. Dhong Janajati 0.3 0.02 63 Siraha Badahara Mal Bhim Bdr. Baniya Upper Cast 1.7 ! 0.02 64 Siraha Badahara Mal Fulgen Gami Terai Origin 0.3 0.02 I 65 Siraha Badahara Mal Subba Thakuri Upper Cast 6.6 0.02 66 Siraha Badahara Mal Hari Rayamajhi Upper Cast 1.2 0.02 67 Siraha Karjanha ush Sekh Muslim 0.9 0.02 68 Siraha Rampur Birta Shari Narayan Shrestha Janajati 1.7 0.02 69 Siraha • Rampur Birta Garbhu Kapar Janajati 2.7 0.02 70 Siraha Chandra Udayapur Ramu Ekbal Mahara Dalit 0.3 0.02 71 Siraha Chandra Udayapur Sundar Lama Janajati 0.7 0.02 72 Siraha Asanpur Raj Dev Yadav Terai Origin 1.0 0.02 73 Siraha • Lalpur Bhagwan Danta Thakur Terai Origin 0.4 0.02 74 Siraha Ayodhyanagar • Deva Kumar Lama Janajati 0.7 0.02 i 75 Siraha Dhangadi Sukmaya Ghising Janajati 0.9 0.02 76 • Siraha Bastipur Mahend ra Shah Terai Origin 0.2 0.02 77 Siraha Bastipur Sampat Mijhar Dalit 0.4 0.02 78 Siraha Bastipur Dev Narayan Chaudhari Janajati 1.7 0.02 79 Siraha Padariya JanakLalChaudhari Janajati 1.0 0.02 I 80 Siraha Padariya ! Uttam Lal Chaudhari Janajati 1.4 0.02

! 81 Siraha Padariya Dashmilal Chaudhari i Janajati 4.4 0.02 82 Siraha Padariya Dinesh Chaudhari Janajati 2.7 0.02 83 Siraha Bhadaiya Devi Bahadur Magar Janajati 0.4 0.02 84 Siraha Bhadaiya Tek Bdr. Pulami • Janajati 1.0 0.02 85 Sarlahi Karmaiya Thuli Kanchhi Shrestha Janajati 0.4 0.02

86 Sarlahi Hariaun Tul Bdr. Rana Janajati 0.5 0.02 i 87 Sarlahi Pattharkot Ram Surat Mahato Terai Origin 0.7 0.02

88 Sarlahi Pattharkot Harka Bdr. Majhi Janajati 0.2 0.02 I

Resettlemention Action Plan 112 ~hi Atrauli Masali Maya Ghalan Janajati 0.1 0.02 90 Sarlahi Atrauli Karna Bdr. Pulami Janajati 0.6 0.02 , . 91 Sarlahi Atrauli Yuddha Bdr. Bhandari UppE!r Cast 0.8 0.02 i 92 Saptari Daul~Wur Puspa Raj Singh Janajati 1.4 0.02 93 Saptari Daulatpur Chaturananda Singh Janajati 1.4 0.02 I 94 Saptari Kusaha Ramlal Chaudhari Janajati 0.6 0.02 I 95 Saptari Pas era I Kharath Nath Chaudhari Janajati 0.5 0.02

96 Saptari Khojpur I Lalku Chaudhari Janajati 1.0 0.02 97 Saptari Bhangaha Sitaram Chaudhari Janajati 1.0 • 0.02 98 Saptari Bhangaha Saburlal Chaudhari Janajati 20.3 0.02 99 Saptari Terhauta Upendra Shah Terai Origin 0.7 I 0.02 100 Saptari Sitapur Jhallu Chaudhari Janajati 1.7~ 101 Saptari Ghoghanpur Krishna Pd. Bhattarai Upper Cast 1.4 . • 102 Saptari Ghoghanpur Mana Kumar Shrestha Janajati 0.4 0.02 103 Saptari Jandaul Surya N. Chaudhari Janajati 3.2 0.02 104 i Saptari Bakdhuwa Bhola Prasad Lekhi i Janajati 0.8 0.02 105 Saptari Bakdhuwa Tebu Maya Bhujel Janajati 1.8 0.02 106 i Saptari Theliya • Gojebar Chaudhari Janajati 2.5 0.02 107 Saptari Theliya Deepak Pd. Pokharel Upper Cast 1.7 0.02 I 108 Saptari Fattepur Murari Pd. Chaudhari Janajati 0.2 0.02 109 Saptari Fattepur Narayan Das Terai Origin 1.1 0.02 ~ari Fattepur Ramdev Shah Terai Origin 1.4 0.02 111 Sunsari Dumraha Siyananda Pd. Mandai i Terai Origin 1.7 0.02 Bhokraha Shiva Kumar Mandai Terai Origin 0.4 0.02 ~. 113 nsan Bhokraha Manoj Kumar Mandai Terai Origin 1.4 I 0.34 114 Sunsari Bhokraha Bhuwaneshwor Yadav Terai Origin 2.1 0.50 115 Sunsari Bhokraha Kaijum Miya Muslim 2.7 0.38 116 Sunsari Bhokraha • Kriparam Mehata Terai Origin 4.1 0.50

I 117 Sunsari Bhokraha Rajaram Mehata Terai Origin 9.3 0.68 i 118 Sunsari Bhokraha Satya Dev Yad av i Terai Origin 0.7 0.45 I ~O"'i Bhokraha • Gangai Yadav Terai Origin 2.1 0.34 i 12 nsari Bhokraha Meghar Mandai I Terai Origin 1.5 0.07 i • 121 Sunsari Bhokraha Bhola Mandai Terai Origin 0.9 0.69

I 122 Sunsari Bhokraha Rajesh Mehat a Terai Origin 0.8 0.68 123 Sunsari Bhokraha Laxmi Mandai i Terai Origin 1.5 0.38 I I 124 Sunsari Bhokraha Khadga Bdr. Nepali Dalit 0.8 0.68 125 Sunsari Bhokraha Ganesh Pd. Lamsal Upper Cast 3.5 0.52 I 126 Sunsari Bhokraha Khin Bahadur Khadka • Upper Cast 1.1 0.62

127 Sunsari Bhokraha Shambhu Pd. Dahal Upper Cast 1.7 0.35 i

128 Sunsari Bhokraha ! Mahanthi Sadda Dalit 0.3 0.14 i 129 Sunsari Bhokraha Arjun Kumar Basnet Upper Cast 0.9 0.68 130 Sunsari Bhokraha Kumar Basnet Upper Cast 0.7 0.76 131 Sunsari Bhokraha Sanjiv Mandai Terai Origin 0.6 0.30 132 Sunsari Bhokraha Kamala Mandai Terai Origin 1.8 0.34

133 Sunsari Bhokraha Prabhu Mandai i Terai Origin 0.5 0.10

Resettlemention Action Plan 113 Annex-4

Name List of Project Affected Households by House and Cowshed Acquisition

i pi ,atks Name,o~ c',< S.N. District ~I)C Hous' ' " " :<', ' I HO.... ; Cowshed

; 1 Makwanpur Chhatiwan Lal Bdr. Dhong I 1 - 2 Sarlahi Karmaiya Thuli Kanchhi Shrestha I 1 - 3 Dhanusa Dhalkebar Himal Bdr. Syangdang 2 1 I ! 4 I Dhanusa i Dhalkebar Bhogendra Yadav 1

5 I Dhanusa Dhalkebar Ram Prasad Yadav 1

I Saptari Deepak Pd. Pokharel 1 6 I Theliya 1 J i Total I 6 7 2

Resettlemention Action Plan 114