DOCSLIB.ORG

Acknowledgements

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Acknowledgements 1401 Acknowledgements A.2 Angular Momentum Theory velopments. The list of textbooks and seminal articles by James D. Louck given in the references is intended to serve this purpose, Acknowl. This contribution on angular momentum theory is ded- however inadequately. icated to Lawrence C. Biedenharn, whose tireless and Excerpts and Fig. 2.1 are reprinted from Biedenharn continuing efforts in bringing understanding and struc- and Louck [2.1] with permission of Cambridge Uni- ture to this complex subject is everywhere imprinted. versity Press. Tables 2.2–2.4 have been adapted from We also wish to acknowledge the many contribu- Edmonds [2.18] by permission of Princeton University tions of H. W. Galbraith and W. Y.C. Chen in sorting out Press. Thanks are given for this cooperation. the significance of results found in Schwinger [2.20]. The Supplement is dedicated to the memory of B.11 High Precision Calculations for Helium Brian G. Wybourne, whose contributions to symmetry by Gordon W. F. Drake techniques and angular momentum theory, both abstract The author is grateful to R. N. Hill and J. D. Mor- and applied to physical systems, was monumental. gan III for suggesting some of the material at Sect. 11.1. The author expresses his gratitude to Debi Erpen- This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and beck, whose artful mastery of TEX and scrupulous Engineering Research Council of Canada. attention to detail allowed the numerous complex re- lations to be displayed in two-column format. B.20 Thomas–Fermi Thanks are also given to Professors Brian Judd and and Other Density-Functional Theories Gordon Drake for the opportunity to make this contri- by John D. Morgan III bution. I am grateful to Cyrus Umrigar and Michael P. Teter Author’s note. It is quite impossible to attribute cred- of Cornell University for generously providing sab- its fairly in this subject because of its diverse origins batical support in the spring of 1995. I should also across all areas of physics, chemistry, and mathemat- like to thank them, as well as Elliott Lieb and Mel ics. Any attempt to do so would likely be as misleading Levy, for helpful discussions. This work was sup- as it is informative. Most of the material is rooted in ported by my National Science Foundation grant the very foundations of quantum theory itself, and the PHY-9215442. physical problems it addresses, making it still more difficult to assess unambiguous credit of ideas. Prag- B.23 Many-Body Theory of Atomic Structure matically, there is also the problem of confidence in and Processes the detailed correctness of complicated relationships, by Miron Ya. Amusia which prejudices one to cite those relationships per- This work was supported by the Israeli Science Founda- sonally checked. This accounts for the heavy use of tion under the grant 174/03. formulas from [2.1], which is, by far, the most often used source. But most of that material itself is derived B.28 Tests of Fundamental Physics from other primary sources, and an inadequate attempt by Peter J. Mohr, Barry N. Taylor was made there to indicate the broad base of origins. The authors gratefully acknowledge helpful conversa- While one might expect to find in a reference book tions with Prof. Michael Eides, Dr. Ulrich Jentschura, a comprehensive list of credits for most of the formu- Prof. Toichiro Kinoshita, and Prof. Jonathan Sapirstein. las, it has been necessary to weigh the relative merits of presenting a mature subject from a viewpoint of con- B.29 Parity Nonconserving Effects in Atoms ceptual unity versus credits for individual contributions. by Jonathan R. Sapirstein The first position was adopted. Nonetheless, there is an The work described here was carried out in collabora- obligation to indicate the origins of a subject, noting tion with S. A. Blundell and W. R. Johnson, and was those works that have been most influential in its de- supported in part by NSF grant PHY-92-04089. 1402 Acknowledgements B.30 Atomic Clocks and Constraints on Variations We would also like to express our appreciation to all of Fundamental Constants of our scientific collaborators worldwide, both indus- by Savely G. Karshenboim, Victor Flambaum, trial and academic, for their friendship, openness, and Ekkehard Peik help over the years. Barb would like to dedicate this We are very grateful to our colleagues and to participants chapter to her father, Prof. Josef Paldus, who has been of the ACFC-2003 meeting for useful and stimulating an inspiration to her throughout her career, and with Acknowl. discussions. whom it is an honor to share a publication in the same book. C.31 Molecular Structure by David R. Yarkony D.45 Elastic Scattering: This work has been supported in part by NSF grant CHE Classical, Quantal, and Semiclassical 94-04193, AFOSR grant F49620-93-1-0067 and DOE by M. Raymond Flannery grant DE-FG02-91ER14189 This research is supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. F49620-94-1- C.33 Radiative Transition Probabilities 0379. I wish to thank Dr. E. J. Mansky for numerous by David L. Huestis discussions on the content and form of this chapter and This work was supported by the NSF Atmospheric without whose expertise in computer typesetting this Chemistry Program, the NASA Stratospheric Chemistry chapter would not have been possible. Section, and the NASA Space Physics Division. D.54 Electron–Ion and Ion–Ion Recombination C.37 Gas Phase Reactions by M. Raymond Flannery by Eric Herbst This research is supported by the U.S. Air Force Office The author is grateful to Professor Anne B. McCoy, of Scientific Research under Grant No. F49620-94-1- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 0379. I wish to thank Dr. E. J. Mansky for numerous for a critical reading of the manuscript. discussions on the content and form of this chapter and without whose expertise in computer typesetting this C.38 Gas Phase Ionic Reactions chapter would not have been possible. by Nigel G. Adams The support of the National Science Foundation, NASA, D.56 Rydberg Collisions: Binary Encounter, and the Petroleum Research Fund-ACS for my experi- Born and Impulse Approximations mental research program is gratefully acknowledged. by Edmund J. Mansky The author thanks Prof. M. R. Flannery for many helpful C.41 Laser Spectroscopy in the Submillimeter discussions and Prof. E. W. McDaniel for access to his and Far-Infrared Regions collection of reprints. The author would also like to thank by Kenneth M. Evenson†, John M. Brown Dr. D. R. Schultz of ORNL for the time necessary to We have benefitted invaluably from the help and collab- complete this work. oration of I. G. Nolt of NASA, Langley for his assistance This work was begun at the Georgia Institute of with the detector technology, and of Kelly Chance for Technology (GIT) and completed at the Controlled his line shape fitting program and his assistance with our Fusion Atomic Data Center at Oak Ridge National Lab- studies of upper atmospheric species. oratory (ORNL). The work at GIT was supported by US AFOSR grant No. F49620-94-1-0379. The work C.43 Spectroscopic Techniques: at ORNL was supported by the Office of Fusion En- Cavity-Enhanced Methods ergy, US DOE contract No. DE-AC05-84OR21400 with by Barbara A. Paldus, Alexander A. Kachanov Lockheed-Martin Energy Systems, Inc. and by ORNL We have benefited invaluably from the collaboration Research Associates Program administered jointly by with our co-workers at Picarro, and would especially ORNL and ORISE. like to acknowledge Eric Crosson, Bruce Richman, Sze Tan, Bernard Fidric, Ed Wahl, and Herb Burkard. We E.61 Photon–Atom Interactions: Low Energy would like to extend our gratitude to Prof. Richard by Denise Caldwell, Manfred O. Krause N. Zare and Dr. Marc Levenson for their unwavering This work was supported in part by the National Science support in helping make CRDS a commercial reality. Foundation under grant PHY-9207634 and in part by Acknowledgements 1403 the US Department of Energy, Division of Chemical for numerous stimulating discussions on this exciting Sciences, under contract with Martin Marietta Energy subject. Funding by the UK Engineering and Physical Systems, Inc., DE-AC0584OR21400. Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the Royal Society, the European Commission, and the Alexander von Hum- E.62 Photon–Atom Interactions: boldt foundation are gratefully acknowledged. Intermediate Energies by Bernd Crasemann G.86 Atoms in Dense Plasmas Acknowl. The author is indebted to Sue Mandeville for indefatiga- by Jon C. Weisheit, Michael S. Murillo ble assistance. This chapter is dedicated to the memory This work was performed under the auspices of the of Teijo Åberg. U.S. Department of Energy by the University of Cali- fornia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, under contract E.65 Ion–Atom Collisions – High Energy W-7405-Eng-36. LA-UR #04-7993. We wish to thank by Lew Cocke, Michael Schulz C. Iglesias for the results plotted in Fig. 86.2,andLos This work was supported by the Chemical Sciences Divi- Alamos colleagues P.Bradley, J. Guzik, R. Peterson, and sion, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Energy Research, D. Saumon for providing the data plotted in Fig. 86.1. U.S. Department to Energy and by the National Science Foundation. G.87 Conduction of Electricity in Gases by Alan Garscadden F.74 Multiphoton and Strong-Field Processes This article is based on notes originally developed in co- by Multiphoton and Strong-Field Processes operation with Dr. J. C. Ingraham. Dr. R. Nagpal assisted This work was supported in part by the U.S. DOE under with an earlier version.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Iupap 2011-2014 General Report
    TABLE OF CONTENTS I. ORGANISATION & AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE 1 II. STATUTES & BYLAWS 9 Appendix A IUPAP International Commissions for the period 2011-2014 III. MINUTES OF THE 27th GENERAL ASSEMBLY 16 Appendix B List of Attendees Appendix C Presidential Address IV. RESOLUTIONS PASSED BY THE 2011 GENERAL ASSEMBLY 35 Appendix D Amendment to By-Law IIB Appendix E International Year of Light 2015 Appendix F Approval of Executive Council’s recommendations Appendix G Universality of Science resolution revised Appendix H International Association of Physics Students Appendix I Women in Physics Appendix J SESAME V. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES 44 VI. STATEMENT OF UNIVERSALITY OF SCIENCE 49 VII. IUPAP OFFICERS 50 Executive Council List of Former Presidents, Secretaries-General and Associate Secretaries- General List of Former Vice-Presidents VIII. LIAISON COMMITTEES, COMMISSIONS AND WORKING GROUPS 58 The Liaison Committees The International Commissions The International Affiliated Commissions The IUPAP Delegates to Inter-Union Commissions IUPAP Working Groups I – ORGANISATION & AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IUPAP was established in 1922 at Brussels with 13 Member countries. An outline of the history of IUPAP is given on the website (Document: IUPAP-70). The Union is composed of Members representing identified physics communities. Adhering bodies act through their Liaison Committees. Delegates from these Committees meet in the General Assemblies of the Union which are held every three years. The General Assembly appoints the Members of the Executive Council and
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:2101.05398V2 [Quant-Ph] 12 Apr 2021 Lcdibtent Oma Tmcrsntr Hscon- Atoms This Additional Resonator
    Single collective excitation of an atomic array trapped along a waveguide: a study of cooperative emission for different atomic chain configurations V.A. Pivovarov,1,2 L.V. Gerasimov,3, 2 J. Berroir,4 T. Ray,4 J. Laurat,4 A. Urvoy,4, ∗ and D.V. Kupriyanov3,2, † 1Physics Department, St.-Petersburg Academic University, Khlopina 8, 194021 St.-Petersburg, Russia 2Center for Advanced Studies, Peter the Great St-Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251, St.-Petersburg, Russia 3Quantum Technologies Center, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-35, 119991, Moscow, Russia 4Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Universit´e, CNRS, ENS-Universit´ePSL, Coll`ege de France, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (Dated: April 14, 2021) Ordered atomic arrays trapped in the vicinity of nanoscale waveguides offer original light-matter interfaces, with applications to quantum information and quantum non-linear optics. Here, we study the decay dynamics of a single collective atomic excitation coupled to a waveguide in different configurations. The atoms are arranged as a linear array and only a segment of them is excited to a superradiant mode and emits light into the waveguide. Additional atomic chains placed on one or both sides play a passive role, either reflecting or absorbing this emission. We show that when varying the geometry, such a one-dimensional atomic system could be able to redirect the emitted light, to directionally reduce or enhance it, and in some cases to localize it in a cavity formed by the atomic mirrors bounding the system. I. INTRODUCTION figuration was theoretically explored in [18], with a single atom strategically placed inside a very short atomic res- Developing and harnessing hybrid platforms where neu- onator at one of its anti-nodes.
    [Show full text]
  • Trapping and Manipulation of Laser-Cooled Metastable Argon Atoms at a Surface
    Trapping and Manipulation of Laser-Cooled Metastable Argon Atoms at a Surface Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades des Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) an der Universität Konstanz Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion Fachbereich Physik vorgelegt von Dominik Schneble Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 20. Februar 2002 Referenten: Prof. Dr. T. Pfau Priv.-Doz. Dr. C. Bechinger Prof. Dr. G. Ganteför Abstract This thesis discusses experiments on the all-optical trapping and manipulation of laser- cooled metastable argon atoms at a surface. A magneto-optical surface trap (MOST) has been realized and studied. This novel hybrid trap combines a magneto-optical trap at a metallic surface with an optical evanescent-wave atom mirror. It allows laser-cooling and trapping of atoms in con- tact with an evanescent light field that separates the atomic cloud from the surface by a fraction of an optical wavelength. Based on this work, the continuous loading of a planar matter waveguide has been demonstrated. Loading into the waveguide, which was formed by the optical potential of a red-detuned standing light wave above the surface, was achieved via evanescent- field optical pumping from the MOST in sub-mdistancefromthesurface. In subsequent experiments, several light-induced atom-optical elements have been demonstrated in the planar waveguide geometry, including a continuous atom source, a switchable channel guide, an atom detector and an optical surface lattice. The source, the channel and the detector have been combined to form the first, albeit simple, atom- optical integrated circuit. Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 General Context ............................... 1 1.2 This Thesis .................................. 5 1.3 Outlook ...................................
    [Show full text]
  • Momentum Transfer Using Chirped Standing Wave Fields: Bragg Scattering
    Momentum transfer using chirped standing wave fields: Bragg scattering Vladimir S. Malinovsky and Paul R. Berman Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics & FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120 We consider momentum transfer using frequency-chirped standing wave fields. Novel atom-beam splitter and mirror schemes based on Bragg scattering are presented. It is shown that a predeter- mined number of photon momenta can be transferred to the atoms in a single interaction zone. PACS numbers: 03.75.Dg, 32.80.-t, 42.50.Vk Atom optics has experienced rapid advances in recent ing the entire evolution of the atom-field interaction and years. Applications of atom optics to inertial sensing [1], spontaneous emission plays a negligible role. We use atom holography [2, 3] and certain schemes for quantum chirped pulses to produce efficient momentum transfer computing [4, 5] can benefit substantially from the abil- sequentially to states having momentum ±n2~k, where ity to manipulate atomic motion in a controllable way. k is the propagation vector of one of the fields and n is There are a number of theoretical and experimental stud- a positive integer. The chirp rate and pulse duration are ies devoted to this problem [6, 7, 8, 9]. used to control the final target state. This work is com- The underlying physical mechanism responsible for op- plementary to that involving the use of adiabatic rapid tical control of atomic motion is an exchange of momen- passage to accelerate atoms that are trapped in optical tum between the atoms and the fields.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Reflection from the Casimir-Polder Potential
    THÈSE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITÉ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE Spécialité : Physique École doctorale : “Physique en Île-de-France” réalisée au Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel présentée par Gabriel DUFOUR pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE Sujet de la thèse : Réflexion quantique sur le potentiel de Casimir-Polder – Quantum reflection from the Casimir-Polder potential soutenue le 20 novembre 2015 devant le jury composé de M Andreas Buchleitner Rapporteur M David Guéry-Odelin Rapporteur Mme Marie-Christine Angonin Examinatrice M Olivier Dulieu Examinateur M Valery Nesvizhevsky Examinateur Mme Astrid Lambrecht Directrice de thèse i À la mémoire de mes grands-pères, Jean Dufour et Michel Durin ii Quand j’ai poussé la porte du Laboratoire Kastler Brossel en novembre 2011, je re- venais d’un mois de voyage à vélo sur les routes et chemins d’Italie. Astrid Lambrecht et Serge Reynaud m’ont convaincu de me lancer dans une nouvelle aventure, avec son lot d’ascensions ardues, de petites victoires, de problèmes techniques et de découvertes grisantes. Astrid et Serge m’ont accompagné sans relâche au cours du stage et de la thèse qui ont suivi. Je les remercie chaleureusement pour leur gentillesse et leur patience, leurs mots d’encouragement et les nombreuses discussions passionnantes que nous avons eues. Marie-Pascale Gorza, Romain Guérout, Manuel Donaire et Axel Maury ont été mes compagnons de route au sein de l’équipe “fluctuations quantiques et relativité”. Leurs conversations stimulantes et animées ont égayé bien des austères journées de travail. J’ai aussi partagé de très bons moments avec mes collègues et amis du laboratoire et d’au delà, que ce soit dans les courants d’air de la cantine, sous le soleil des arènes ou dans l’ambiance chaleureuse d’une cafétéria.
    [Show full text]
  • Introductory Quantum Optics Christopher Gerry and Peter Knight Frontmatter More Information
    Cambridge University Press 052152735X - Introductory Quantum Optics Christopher Gerry and Peter Knight Frontmatter More information Introductory Quantum Optics This book provides an elementary introduction to the subject of quantum optics, the study of the quantum-mechanical nature of light and its interaction with matter. The presentation is almost entirely concerned with the quantized electromag- netic field. Topics covered include single-mode field quantization in a cavity, quantization of multimode fields, quantum phase, coherent states, quasi- probability distribution in phase space, atom–field interactions, the Jaynes– Cummings model, quantum coherence theory, beam splitters and interferom- eters, nonclassical field states with squeezing etc., tests of local realism with entangled photons from down-conversion, experimental realizations of cavity quantum electrodynamics, trapped ions, decoherence, and some applications to quantum information processing, particularly quantum cryptography. The book contains many homework problems and a comprehensive bibliography. This text is designed for upper-level undergraduates taking courses in quantum optics who have already taken a course in quantum mechanics, and for first- and second-year graduate students. A solutions manual is available to instructors via [email protected]. Christopher Gerry is Professor of Physics at Lehman College, City Uni- versity of New York.He was one of the first to exploit the use of group theoretical methods in quantum optics and is also a frequent contributor to Physical Review A. In 1992 he co-authored, with A. Inomata and H. Kuratsuji, Path Integrals and Coherent States for Su (2) and SU (1, 1). Peter Knight is a leading figure in quantum optics, and in addition to being President of the Optical Society of America in 2004, he is a Fellow of the Royal Society.
    [Show full text]
  • EIT Cavity of D = 500 and Ωc = 2Γ Within 2 Μs
    All-optical control of superradiance and matter waves using a dispersive cavity Shih-Wei Su,1 Zhen-Kai Lu,2 Nina Rohringer,3, 4, 5 Shih-Chuan Gou,1 and Wen-Te Liao3, 4, 5, 6, ∗ 1Department of Physics and Graduate Institute of Photonics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058 Taiwan 2Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, D-85748 Garching, Germany 3Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 4Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany 5Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 6Department of Physics, National Central University, 32001 Taoyuan City, Taiwan (Dated: Version of October 1, 2018.) Cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) [1] plays an elegant role of studying strong coupling between light and matter. However, a non-mechanical, direct and dynamical control of the used mirrors is still unavailable. Here we theoretically investigate a novel type of dynamically controllable cavity composed of two atomic mir- rors. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [2,3], the reflectance of atomic mirror is highly controllable through its dispersive properties by varying the intensity of applied coupling fields or the optical depth of atomic media. To demonstrate the uniqueness of the present cavity, we further show the pos- sibility of manipulating vacuum-induced diffraction of a binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) [4,5] when loading it into a dispersive cavity and experiencing superradiant scatterings [6]. Our results may provide a novel all-optical element for atom optics [7] and shine new light on controlling light-matter interaction. For decades, CQED has served as an elegant model for a backward probe field with Rabi frequency Ω− [13], and vise demonstrating atom-light interaction and fundamental princi- versa.
    [Show full text]
  • Julio Gea-Banaclochea 'Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayett,Eville, Arkansas, 72701, USA
    Geometric phase gate with a quantized driving field Shabnam Siddiquia arid Julio Gea-Banaclochea 'Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayett,eville, Arkansas, 72701, USA ABSTRACT We have studied the performance of a geometric phase gate with a quantized driving field numerically, and developed an analytical approximation that yields some preliminary insight on the way the nl~hltbecomes entangled with the driving field. Keywords: Quantum computation, adiabatic quantum gates, geometric quantum gates 1. INTRODUCTION It was first suggested by Zanardi and ~asetti,'that the Berry phase (non-abelian holon~m~)~-~might in principle provide a novel way for implementing universal quantum computation. They showed that by encoding quantum information in one of the eigenspaces of a degenerate Harniltonian H one can in principle achieve the full quantum computational power by using holonomies only. It was then thought that since Berry's phase is a purely geometrical effect, it is resilient to certain errors and may provide a possibility for performing intrinsically fault-tolerant quantum gate operations. In a paper by Ekert et.al,5 a detailed theory behind the implementation of geometric computation was developed and an implementation of a conditional phase gate in NMR was shown by Jones et.al.6 This attracted the attention of the research community and various studies were performed to study the rob~stness~-'~of geometric gates and the implementation of these gates in other systenls such as ion-trap, solid state and Josephson qubits.lO-l4 In this paper we study an adiabatic geometric phase gate when the control system is treated as a two mode quantized coherent field.
    [Show full text]
  • Didier Queloz Comes to Cambridge
    CavMag JANUARY 2013 Issue 9 News from the Cavendish Laboratory Inside... Editorial 2 Ground-breaking for the Battcock Centre for Experimental 3 Astrophysics DNA Origami Nanopores 4 The Higgs Boson and a Challenge 5 for Supersymmetry Spin Ices and Magnetic 6 Monopoles Wedge Issue 7 50th Anniversary of Brian 8 Josephson’s Nobel Prize Discovery Eryl Wynn-Williams and the Scale- 9 of-Two Counter First Winton Symposium - Energy 10 Efficiency Athene Donald Blogs Physics at 11 Work The Sutton Trust Summer Schools 12 in Physics Outreach and Educational Events 13 Development: Cavendish 3 - 14 Principles for Design Cavendish News 15 Didier Queloz comes to Cambridge xoplanet research is a his appointment is of great themselves at the forefront of this relatively new discipline. significance for future astronomical remarkable quest by capitalising on It started in 1995 with the research in Cambridge. As he synergies and potentials present at first definitive detection writes: Cambridge and in the country. Eof a planet orbiting a normal star beyond the Solar System ‘The search for planetary systems For the next decade, my main by Michel Mayor and Didier orbiting other stars and particularly research objective is to conduct Queloz. Since then the field has the quest to find planets similar a coherent effort towards the expanded exponentially into a to the Earth is one of the great detection and characterisation of major world-wide activity - it scientific, technological and planets with the goal of advancing is one of the areas of modern philosophical undertakings of our our understanding of their Main image: An astrophysics that has particularly time.
    [Show full text]
  • Coupled Dynamics of Atoms and Radiation Pressure Driven
    Coupled dynamics of atoms and radiation pressure driven interferometers D. Meiser and P. Meystre Department of Physics, The University of Arizona, 1118 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721 We consider the motion of the end mirror of a cavity in whose standing wave mode pattern atoms are trapped. The atoms and the light field strongly couple to each other because the atoms form a distributed Bragg mirror with a reflectivity that can be fairly high. We analyze how the dipole potential in which the atoms move is modified due to this backaction of the atoms. We show that the position of the atoms can become bistable. These results are of a more general nature and can be applied to any situation where atoms are trapped in an optical lattice inside a cavity and where the backaction of the atoms on the light field cannot be neglected. We analyze the dynamics of the coupled system in the adiabatic limit where the light field adjusts to the position of the atoms and the light field instantaneously and where the atoms move much faster than the mirror. We calculate the side band spectrum of the light transmitted through the cavity and show that these spectra can be used to detect the coupled motion of the atoms and the mirror. I. INTRODUCTION R1,T1 R2,T2 atoms In recent years the coupling of the light field inside an optical resonator to the mechanical motion of the end Pin mirrors [1, 2, 3] has received renewed attention due to several developments. The improved capabilities to mi- 0 L L+ξ cromachine sub-micrometer sized mechanical structures with well defined mechanical and optical properties en- Figure 1: (Color online) Schematic of atoms in a cavity with ables the creation of moveable mirrors with small damp- a moveable mirror.
    [Show full text]
  • Guiding of Waves Between Absorbing Walls
    Journal of Modern Physics, 2012, 3, ***-*** Published Online July 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jmp) Guiding of Waves between Absorbing Walls Dmitrii Kouznetsov, Makoto Morinaga Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan Email: {dima, morinaga}@ils.uec.ac.jp Received ********* 2012 ABSTRACT Guiding of waves between parallel absorbing walls is considered. The principal mode is constructed; its absorption is estimated. The agreement with previous results about reflection of waves from absorbing walls is discussed. Roughly, the effective absorption of the principal mode is proportional the minus third power of the distance between walls, mi- nus 1.5d power of the wavenumber and minus 0.5d power of the local absorption of the wave in the wall. This estimate is suggested as hint for the design of the atomic waveguides, and also as tool for optimization of attenuation of the am- plified spontaneous emission (and suppression of parasitic oscillations) in high power lasers. Keywords: Zeno Effect; Atom Optics; Waveguides; Suppression of Amplified Spontaneous Emission 1. Introduction The frequency of decay is denotes with . The special system of units is used in such a way that =1 and the The consideration of reflection of waves from absorbing energy of the particle in vacuum is assumed to be square walls had been stimulated by the experiments with ridged of its wavenumber. mirrors [1] and their interpretation in terms of the Zeno In Section 3, the special case of uniform absorption is effect [2,3]. The Zeno approximation [2] showed good considered; this gives relations between parameters of agreement with experiments in wide range of parameters the wave function and the physical quantities that can be [3,4]; it describes reflection of waves of any origin.
    [Show full text]
  • Atomic Motion in Optical Potentials
    ATOMIC MOTION IN OPTICAL POTENTIALS by MARTIN CHRISTIAN FISCHER, M.A. DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN May 2001 Copyright by Martin Christian Fischer 2001 ATOMIC MOTION IN OPTICAL POTENTIALS APPROVED BY DISSERTATION COMMITTEE: Supervisor: iv To my family for their never-ending love and support. vi Acknowledgements I am grateful to have had the opportunity to spend most of my graduate career in Mark Raizen’s laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin. Mark is an excellent physicist and is always willing to share his knowledge with his group. He also shares his enthusiasm for physics and his creativity with the people around him. His fairness as a supervisor is equaled by his compassion for his students. I have tremendously enjoyed the time working with him and hope to have picked up some of his physical intuition. Cyrus Bharucha and Kirk Madison showed me the ropes in the lab and never ceased to offer help and support wherever needed. I enjoyed Cyrus’ company and friendship from the summers in Austin to the winters on the ski slopes of Colorado and Switzerland. With Kirk I spent many days and nights hunting for signals and discussing all sorts of topics. Kirk proved his skills not only in the lab but also on the soccer field. He is an excellent teammate and a great friend. Braulio Guti´errez joined the sodium and the soccer teams a couple of years later and has performed great in both.
    [Show full text]