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Conference on Implementing the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania Policy and Practice Conference on Implementing the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania Policy and Practice Author of photograph: Sven Teschke, Creative Commons Arad, City Hall 29th-30th October 2015 Report from the Conference on the Implementation of the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS GI – Green Infrastructure DG – Directorate General EU – European Union NWRM – Natural Water Retention Measures WFD – Water Framework Directive TEN-G - Trans European Network for Green Infrastructure CAP – Common Agricultural Policy EIB – European Investment Bank EC – European Commission B@B – Business and Biodiversity NGO – Non-Governmental Organization NCA – Natural Capital Accounting SCI - Site of Community Importance SPA – Special Protection Areas PAF – Priority Action Framework BHDs - Birds and Habitat Directives FCS – Favourable Conservation Status ERDF - European Regional Development Fund REC – Regional Environmental Center CEE – Central & Eastern Europe UHI – Urban Heat Island HNV – High Nature Value (Farming) SWOT – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats IPPC - Integrated wastewater Pollution Prevention and Control IENE – Infra-Eco Network Europe GM – Genetically Modified Report from the Conference on the Implementation of the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania DAY 1: 29th October 2015 - Green Infrastructure in the European Union and in Romania - policy, synergies and opportunities Welcome and Opening Address Mr Mihai Sorin Pascu opened the Green Infrastructure Conference and welcomed the present speakers and guests. He emphasized the importance of Green Infrastructure implementation in Romania and introduced the events and its structure. The EU's Green Infrastructure Strategy vision and state of play Mr Strahil Christov, European Commission, DG Environment Green Infrastructure component include nationally protected areas, Natura 2000 sites, natural areas, ecological corridors, buffer zones, multi-functional zones, high nature value farming and finally also artificial features like eco-ducts, green roof and walls etc. The EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy was adopted in May 2011. Target 2 of the Strategy speaks about the implementation of Green Infrastructure to restore 15% of degraded ecosystems. The Green Infrastructure Strategy was further drafted in May 2013 to promote and protect our natural capital. Green Infrastructure can contribute towards sustainable growth and job creation, regional and rural development, climate change mitigation and adaptation and efficient risk management, across the EU regions. Green Infrastructure improves the provisioning of ecosystem services and decreases socio-environmental vulnerability towards extreme weather conditions and natural disasters. Importantly, GI is widely coherent with various other policies and policy implementation measures such as Natural Water Retention Measures, the Floods Directive, the Water Framework Directive, the Birds and Habitats Directives and the EU Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change. TEN-G (the Trans European Network of Green Infrastructure) can be a useful tool to integrate Green Infrastructure across policies. However, more technical guidance and associated funding mechanisms are needed. In Romania, Green Infrastructure can primarily aid to managing floods, maintain energy efficiency, manage Natura 2000 sites and provide hydroenergy. Around 20% of Romania belongs to the Natura 2000 Network. While Romania is extremely rich in biodiversity, it is striving to reach the level of economic development of Western Europe. As urban infrastructure is expanding, biodiversity and valuable ecosystem services are being degraded and lost. Financial support for the implementation of Green Infrastructure in Romania exists in the form of Cohesion Funds, Structural Funds, Maritime and Fisheries Fund, European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, Life, Horizon 2020 and the Natural Capital Financing Facility. More Information: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecosystems/index_en.htm Report from the Conference on the Implementation of the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/adaptation/ecosystemstorage.htm http://biodiversity.europa.eu/bise-catalogue> Green Infrastructure http://www.nwrm.eu Green Infrastructure and other Policies - Overlaps and Opportunities Ms Malgorzata Siuta, CEEweb for Biodiversity Ms Siuta began her presentation highlighting the origins of our environmental problems and connectivity loss such as habitat fragmentation and urban sprawl. The concept of Green Infrastructure originated from the idea of Ecological Corridors which proved difficult to implement. Green Infrastructure, by virtue of relying on voluntary stakeholder involvement, has the potential to use all available land for biodiversity. She introduced the potential of Green Infrastructure to contribute to the following sectors’ policies: conservation, water management, climate change adaptation and agriculture. Conservation Green Infrastructure is the focus of Target 2 of the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy and it states that Member States should restore at least 15% of degraded ecosystems by deploying GI. However, progress to meet most of the targets 1 has been insufficient. Importantly, Natura 2000 is the core of Green Infrastructure in Europe. Water management Objectives of the Nature Directives and the Water Framework Directive are largely convergent. Natural Water Retention Measures are often synonymous to GI practices in cities, regarding water bodies, in forests and on farmland. Climate Change Adaptation Similarly, Green Infrastructure can help us in fulfilling the commitments of the Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (2013) to anticipate the negative impacts of climate change and mitigate those impacts. Again, Green Infrastructure can often be seen as synonymous to Ecosystem Based Adaptation to climate change. Agriculture Agricultural sector and its exploitation of the existing land around the EU has resulted in 75- 85% of the available land being converted into agriculture. Traditional agriculture has created specific conditions for biodiversity; almost 40% of Natura 2000 sites are in fact agro-ecosystems and 10% of agriculture is protected within Natura 2000. Green Payments under the Common Agricultural Policy can serve as a source of funding for GI implementation in the agricultural sector. Ms Siuta ended her address by highlighting the importance of biodiversity proofing of the EU budget. More information: http://www.ceeweb.org/work-areas/priority-areas/green-infrastructure Report from the Conference on the Implementation of the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania Financing Green Infrastructure and Opportunities for Business Mr Strahil Christov, European Commission DG Environment While funds devoted strictly to the environment are very limited, various business opportunities in Green Infrastructure are often underestimated. All major environmental policies came about because of social and health concerns. Thus, nature conservation clearly has a great potential to mitigate for those negative impacts of environmental destruction. The Natural Capital Financing Facility funds Green Infrastructure and ecosystem service projects which are economically profitable. Half of the funds financing is sourced from the European Investment Bank while the rest from the Life Programme (Environment and Climate Action). The NCFF funds four categories of projects: i. Payment for ecosystem services ii. Green Infrastructure projects iii. Pro-biodiversity and pro-adaptation businesses (e.g. biological foods) iv. Projects involving biodiversity offsets 9-12 projects expected to be funded in this pilot phase, typically requiring between 5 and 15 million Euros each. For this, stakeholders are encouraged to apply in consortiums. Each of these projects will be evaluated regarding the environmental benefits it should provide. Funding will be disseminated in the form of loans at favourable interest rates (rather than grants). The European B@B (Business and Biodiversity) platform comprises more than 50 business members, in addition to various NGOs and Member State representatives. The idea is to involve businesses in meeting our biodiversity targets. The platform is divided into four workstreams: Natural Capital Accounting, Innovation, Financing and Green Infrastructure Investments. Natural capital accounting attempts to link public and private sectors that are directly dependent on nature for materials. The task of the NCA workstream involves tracing supply chains, exploring dependencies and monitoring decision-making. The Innovation workstream collects examples of innovative business partnership models such as Public Private Partnership models and works to perform cost-benefit analyses to assess the scalability and feasibility of the model. Report from the Conference on the Implementation of the Green Infrastructure Strategy in Romania The Financing workstream analyses financial needs and opportunities for implementing biodiversity conservation. Finally, the Green Infrastructure Investment workstream works to promote the intersectorial benefits of GI such as health benefits, recreation clean energy and renewables. More information: http://www.eib.org/products/blending/ncff/index.htm http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/funding/financial_instruments/ncff.htm http://ec.europa.eu/environment/biodiversity/business/ Contact: [email protected] Financing Green Infrastructure through Operational Programmes 2014- 2020 Ms Monica Tánase,
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