2006 Feed Bulletin

Regulatory Bulletin 302 COMMERCIAL FEEDS IN KENTUCKY, 2006 KENTUCKY COMMERCIAL FEED LAW KRS 250.491 to 250.631 Scott Smith, Dean, College of Agriculture Nancy Cox, Director, Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station William O. Thom, Interim Director, Regulatory Services Steve Traylor (until 8/’06) and William O. Thom, Feed Coordinator Kay Phillips, Feed Administrative Assistant Henry Spencer, Auditor Steve McMurry, Inspection Coordinator Meagan Davis, Registration Specialist Feed Laboratory—Melton Bryant and Sharon Webb, Coordinators David Harover Debra Sipe Gary Coleman Bob Kiser David Tompkins Pavan Dasari Garland McKee D. Wayne Ingram Ellen Perry Paul Wilson Keith Erny Lancao Zhang Data Processing—Tony Benge, Manager Carol Filbin Kellye Gaither Praveen Devabhaktuni Charlene Vest Inspector City Territory Mark Barrow ................... Auburn.......................Western Coal Fields/Specialty Products Dewey Coffey ................. Liberty ........................Quicksand, Lake Cumberland, Wilderness Trail John Flood ...................... Cadiz ...........................Purchase, Pennyrile Brad Johnston ................ Cub Run .....................Mammoth Cave, Barren River Noel Johnston................ Munfordville ............Lincoln Trail Stephen McMurry ........ Lexington..................Anderson, Franklin, Jefferson, Shelby Counties David Mason .................. Mays Lick ...................Licking River, Northeast & Northern Kentucky Terry Prather ................... Lancaster...................Bluegrass, Quicksand Warren Pinkston ............ Owensboro ..............Green River Jesse Whitehouse ......... Nicholasville ............State Specialty Products Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Distribution of Commercial Feed—2006 ................................................................................................10 Analytical Variations .......................................................................................................................................13 Report of Official Feed Samples Analyzed—2006 ..............................................................................14 The College of Agriculture is an Equal Opportunity Organization. 4 Introduction The commercial feed law in Kentucky was first enacted in 1906. Currently, the feed law provides protection for the state’s livestock and poultry industry, and pet owners. The feed law regulates any materials offered for sale as feed or for mixing into a feed. However, whole and unprocessed grain, raw meat, hay, straw, stover, silage, cobs, husks, and hulls when unground and not mixed with other materials are exempt. More familiar products regulated include all types of pet foods, livestock minerals, complete animal and poultry feeds (bagged or bulk), protein blocks, supplements, feed ingredients, and some specialty materials such as drug premixes, vitamin and mineral supplements, liquid feeds, pet supplements, and specialized pet foods. Periodic revisions have added additional legal requirements in response to more varied livestock feeding practices, changes in feed manufacturing technology, and an increased number of potential feed ingredients. These revisions are ensuring safe and effective use of drugs including authority to inspect mills for compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP’s). Any drug and feed additive use must conform to Food & Drug Administration (FDA) regulations. A major aspect is to prevent unsafe residues in human food that may result from misused or contaminated feed. Several provisions are aimed at keeping poisonous and deleterious substances from being distributed in feeds. Functions of the feed law are to inform and protect the feed purchaser, provide an atmosphere for fair and equitable competition, and assist in assuring the safety of animal and human food. Registration of all feeds offered for sale is required before distribution to ensure that required label information is provided to the purchaser. This annual review of approximately 10,000 labels evaluates the guaranteed analysis, ingredient statements, and feeding directions for the intended animals or pets. Medicated feed labels are reviewed for approved drug usage and dosage, statement of drug purpose, and any required warning, caution, or special feeding instructions. Misleading and unsubstantiated information or claims are prohibited. Approximately 15,000 different commercial feeds and pet foods are registered for distribution by 915 feed companies. There are approximately 260 manufacturing facilities that serve the Kentucky feed and pet food industry with complete feeds, feed ingredients, or distribute their own private label products. Inspection and Sampling Regulatory inspectors conducted approximately 1,800 inspections of feed manufactur- ers and retailers of bagged and bulk feed to monitor the distribution of over two million tons of commercial feed. Official samples were collected of 3,829 feeds from over 500 retail and manufacturing facilities to determine compliance with label guarantees. Sixty percent of the samples were obtained at the dealer, 34% at the manufacturing site and 6% at other locations. Of the nineteen thousand tons sampled, 68% of the samples represented bagged feed, 19% bulk feed, 1% liquid feed, 1.25% blocks and 10.75% other. Samples were collected from 61 different types of commercial feeds including complete feeds, supplements, premixes, feed ingredients and pet foods. 5 Dog and cat food product labels Table 1a. Sampling numbers—Complete feeds, must include a nutritional adequacy supplements, premixes, and ingredients. statement to indicate if the product is a 2006 2005 2004 complete and balanced feed for mainte- Poultry 154 159 160 nance, growth and reproduction or all life Beef 407 389 309 Dairy 133 193 162 stages. The AAFCO Dog and Cat Nutrient Swine 172 166 162 Profiles are utilized to evaluate adequacy Sheep 18 14 26 for the specific life stage claimed. If a Rabbit 42 44 49 guarantee was not made and noted on Calf 86 86 90 the label for calcium, phosphorus, salt, Horse 276 225 291 copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, Specialty Horse 67 77 84 Goat 82 72 62 potassium and zinc, then the appropri- Scratch & Gamebird 67 95 68 ate AAFCO Dog or Cat Nutrient Profile is Aquaculture 22 13 13 utilized for dry, canned and soft-moist Liquid Feeds 12 products to ensure that the food is pro- Blocks 53 75 67 viding adequate nutrition. This extensive Mineral Feeds 336 319 301 testing substantially increases consumer Drug Premixes 28 45 16 assurance that the pet foods available Vitamins 3 12 6 Microbial 12 9 10 in the market place are nutritionally Miscellaneous 270 233 163 adequate. Custom Mixes 249 Feed Mill Inspections Total 2,489 2,226 2,039 The medicated feed program currently places feed mills into one of two classifications. One classification is for Table 1b. Sampling numbers—Feed ingredients. mills that mix Category II Type A medi- 2006 2005 2004 cated feed articles. To purchase these Alfalfa Products 6 5 2 drug sources a mill must be licensed Animal Products 37 37 33 with FDA. The second classification is for Barley Products 3 5 1 mills that mix drugs commonly referred Corn Products 159 179 158 Cottonseed Products 13 32 28 to as exempt. Purchase of these drugs Distillers Products 83 85 20 do not require a FDA license. All mills Mineral Ingredients 47 19 12 must comply with good manufacturing Molasses Products 15 10 4 practice regulations. Four inspections of Oat Products 6 13 6 licensed mills were conducted as part of Rice Products 7 5 4 a national program by FDA. These inspec- Soybean Products 273 249 207 tions ensure that drugs mixed in feed Wheat Products 16 31 23 Other Ingredients 7 35 1 are safe and effective for livestock and poultry. Additionally, the regulations play Total 672 705 499 a major public health role in maintaining the wholesomeness and safety of the food we consume. 6 BSE Rule Inspections Table 1c. Sampling numbers—Pet foods and The Division participated in a specialty pet products. national program conducted by FDA to 2006 2005 2004 Dry Dog Food 199 205 208 ensure compliance with the BSE Rule. Soft-Moist Dog Foods 2 1 5 These regulations are designed to pre- Canned Dog Foods 88 94 131 vent the establishment and amplification Dry Cat Foods 63 63 84 of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Canned Cat Foods 104 73 137 (BSE), sometimes referred to as “Mad Specialty Dog & Cat 167 113 194 Cow Disease,” through animal feed. Products The regulation prohibits the feeding to Specialty Pet Products 29 38 42 Aquarium Fish Foods 54 25 55 ruminants certain proteins derived from Specialty Bird Feeds 61 80 75 mammalian tissue. Meat and bone meal Wild Bird Feeds 4 5 12 containing rendered cattle tissue is a prohibited protein. Mills that receive pro- Total 771 697 943 hibited materials must utilize adequate procedures to prevent their use in ruminant feeds. Prohibited materials are approved for use in non-ruminant feeds such as swine and poultry. Feeds that may contain prohibited material must bear the cautionary statement “Do not feed to cattle or other ruminants.” The Division conducted 60 BSE Rule inspections under contract with FDA for the 2006-2007 fiscal year. All Kentucky feed mills and renderers have had at least an initial inspection and re-inspection by either our Division or FDA since 1998. All facilities that process feed containing prohibited protein

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