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Reading 1.2 Caravaggio: the Construction of an Artistic Personality
READING 1.2 CARAVAGGIO: THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN ARTISTIC PERSONALITY David Carrier Source: Carrier, D., 1991. Principles of Art History Writing, University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, pp.49–79. Copyright ª 1991 by The Pennsylvania State University. Reproduced by permission of the publisher. Compare two accounts of Caravaggio’s personality: Giovanni Bellori’s brief 1672 text and Howard Hibbard’s Caravaggio, published in 1983. Bellori says that Caravaggio, like the ancient sculptor Demetrius, cared more for naturalism than for beauty. Choosing models, not from antique sculpture, but from the passing crowds, he aspired ‘only to the glory of colour.’1 Caravaggio abandoned his early Venetian manner in favor of ‘bold shadows and a great deal of black’ because of ‘his turbulent and contentious nature.’ The artist expressed himself in his work: ‘Caravaggio’s way of working corresponded to his physiognomy and appearance. He had a dark complexion and dark eyes, black hair and eyebrows and this, of course, was reflected in his painting ‘The curse of his too naturalistic style was that ‘soon the value of the beautiful was discounted.’ Some of these claims are hard to take at face value. Surely when Caravaggio composed an altarpiece he did not just look until ‘it happened that he came upon someone in the town who pleased him,’ making ‘no effort to exercise his brain further.’ While we might think that swarthy people look brooding more easily than blonds, we are unlikely to link an artist’s complexion to his style. But if portions of Bellori’s text are alien to us, its structure is understandable. -
He Museum of Modern Art , West 53Rd Street, New York Iephone: Circle 5-8900
rff 41516 - 38 . HE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART , WEST 53RD STREET, NEW YORK IEPHONE: CIRCLE 5-8900 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE BRITAIN DELIVERS LAST SHIPMENT OF WAR PAINTINGS TO MUSEUM OF MODERN ART A final shipment of fourteen paintings and drawings by noted British artists has Just arrived from London in time for inclusion in the exhibition Britain At War, which opens to the public Friday, May 23, at the Museum of Modern Art, 11 West 53 Street. The Museum announces with great pleasure that not a single shipment from London for the exhibition has been lost en route. All the paintings, cartoons, posters, photographs, films, camouflage and catalog informa tion—the graphic record of a country at war—have safely reached their destination in the Museum. The first shipment was received the end of January with the arrival by boat of a large consignment of paintings previously shown in the National Gallery in London. Not only by boat but also by Clipper plane, the material for this graphic record of-Britain at v,rar reached the United States. A single plane brought twenty-three four-pound rolls of drawings, photographs and posters. Figures on the actual weight of this ship ment are not available but each roll had from thirty to thirty-five dollars worth of stamps. Lord Halifax, the British Ambassador to the United States, will open the exhibition at a members' preview Thursday evening, May 22. That same evening from 6:15 to 6:30 he will be the principal speaker on a two-way radio program over an international hookup of the Columbia Broadcasting System. -
BOZZETTO STYLE” the Renaissance Sculptor’S Handiwork*
“BOZZETTO STYLE” The Renaissance Sculptor’s Handiwork* Irving Lavin Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton NJ It takes most people much time and effort to become proficient at manipulating the tools of visual creation. But to execute in advance sketches, studies, plans for a work of art is not a necessary and inevitable part of the creative process. There is no evidence for such activity in the often astonishingly expert and sophisticated works of Paleolithic art, where images may be placed beside or on top of one another apparently at random, but certainly not as corrections, cancellations, or “improved” replacements. Although I am not aware of any general study of the subject, I venture to say that periods in which preliminary experimentation and planning were practiced were relatively rare in the history of art. While skillful execution requires prior practice and expertise, the creative act itself, springing from a more or less unselfconscious cultural and professional memory, might be quite autonomous and unpremeditated. A first affirmation of this hypothesis in the modern literature of art history occurred more than a century-and-a-half ago when one of the great French founding fathers of modern art history (especially the discipline of iconography), Adolphe Napoléon Didron, made a discovery that can be described, almost literally, as monumental. In the introduction to his publication — the first Greek-Byzantine treatise on painting, which he dedicated to his friend and enthusiastic fellow- medievalist, Victor Hugo — Didron gave a dramatic account of a moment of intellectual illumination that occurred during a pioneering exploratory visit to Greece in August and September 1839 for the purpose of studying the medieval fresco and mosaic decorations of the Byzantine churches.1 He had, he says, wondered at the uniformity and continuity of the Greek * This contribution is a much revised and expanded version of my original, brief sketch of the history of sculptors’ models, Irving Lavin, “Bozzetti and Modelli. -
Kenneth Clark Receives National Gallery Medal
SIXTH STREET AT CONSTITUTION AVENUE NW WASHINGTON DC 20565 • 737-4215 extension 224 KENNETH CLARK RECEIVES NATIONAL GALLERY MEDAL FOR "CIVILISATION" FILM SERIES WASHINGTON, D.C. November 18, 1970. Kenneth Clark, author and narrator of the "Civilisation" film series, was awarded the National Gallery of Art's Medal for Distinguished Service to Education in Art at a ceremony at the Gallery today. In presenting the Medal to Lord Clark, J. Carter Brown, Director of the National Gallery, said, "Among the many gaps that need bridging in contemporary life is the cavernous one that yawns be tween the accomplished art specialist and the layman eager to develop his own response to art. Kenneth Clark--perhaps more effectively than any art scholar of our time--has made of his life a bridge across that chasm." "Civilisation," a thirteen-part color film series, traces the cultural life of Western man from the fall of the Roman empire through the twentieth century, focusing on the arts, music, litera ture, and history. Since its American premiere at the National Gallery in the fall of 1969, the entire series has been shown nearly a hundred times and has drawn more than 275,000 viewers. It was originally produced for the British Broadcasting Corporation, and is now being shown on National Educational Television in the United States. In a program beginning this month, "Civilisation" will also be distributed, without charge, through the National (MORE) LORD CLARK RECEIVES NATIONAL GALLERY MEDAL FCA "CIVILISATION" -2 \ * ..V «** * Gallery's Extension Services to colleges and universities through out the nation which have fewer than 2,000 undergraduates. -
On the Problem of Describing and Interpreting Works of the Visual Arts
On the Problem of Describing and Interpreting Works of the Visual Arts Author(s): Erwin Panofsky, Jaś Elsner, and Katharina Lorenz Reviewed work(s): Source: Critical Inquiry, Vol. 38, No. 3 (Spring 2012), pp. 467-482 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/664547 . Accessed: 24/05/2012 14:10 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Critical Inquiry. http://www.jstor.org On the Problem of Describing and Interpreting Works of the Visual Arts Erwin Panofsky Translated by Jas´ Elsner and Katharina Lorenz In the eleventh of his Antiquarian Letters, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing discusses a phrase from Lucian’s description of the painting by Zeuxis called A Family of Centaurs: ‘at the top of the painting a centaur is leaning down as if from an observation point, smiling’ (ano de tes eikonos hoion apo tinos skopes Hippokentauros tis ...). ‘This as if from an observation point, Except for a few changes, that partly emerged from the discussion, this article presents the thread of a talk, that was given on 20 May 1931, to the Kiel section of the Kant Society. -
Professor Emeritus History of Art School Of
www.hs.ias.edu/lavin IRVING LAVIN Professor Emeritus History of Art School of Historical Studies Institute for Advanced Study [email protected] Curriculum Vitae Education: St. Louis Public Schools B. A. Washington University, St. Louis, 1945-48 Major Field: Philosophy Cambridge University, England, 1948-9 Special study with Bertrand Russell: Logic and History of Philosophy M. A. Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, 1951 Thesis: The Sources of Donatello's Pulpits in San Lorenzo M. A. Harvard University, 1952 Ph. D. Harvard University, 1955 Dissertation: The Bozzetti of Gianlorenzo Bernini Fellowships and Grants: Schweig Scholarship, Study in England 1948-49 Belgian American Educational Foundation Fellow, Brussels, Summer, 1949 Sheldon Traveling Fellowship, Harvard University, 1953-54 Dumbarton Oaks Senior Research Fellow, 1957-59 Senior Fulbright Scholar, Italy, 1961-63 American Council of Learned Societies, Senior Fellowship, 1965-66 Guggenheim Fellow, 1968-69 Honors and Awards: Arthur Kingsley Porter Prize, College Art Association of America, awarded 1959, 1962, 1968 American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow, 1978 Tercentennial medal commemorating the death of Gianlorenzo Bernini, City of Rome, 1980 Honorary citizen of the city of Montevarchi, commemorating the quadricentennial of the birth of Francesco Mochi, 1980 Sescentennial medal commemorating the birth of Donatello, L’Accadmia delle Arti del Disegno, Florence, 1986 Premio Daria Borghese, Rome, 1981 Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Socio Straniero, 1986 Accademia Clementina, -
Sources of Donatello's Pulpits in San Lorenzo Revival and Freedom of Choice in the Early Renaissance*
! " #$ % ! &'()*+',)+"- )'+./.#')+.012 3 3 %! ! 34http://www.jstor.org/stable/3047811 ! +565.67552+*+5 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=caa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org THE SOURCES OF DONATELLO'S PULPITS IN SAN LORENZO REVIVAL AND FREEDOM OF CHOICE IN THE EARLY RENAISSANCE* IRVING LAVIN HE bronze pulpits executed by Donatello for the church of San Lorenzo in Florence T confront the investigator with something of a paradox.1 They stand today on either side of Brunelleschi's nave in the last bay toward the crossing.• The one on the left side (facing the altar, see text fig.) contains six scenes of Christ's earthly Passion, from the Agony in the Garden through the Entombment (Fig. -
Cheltlf12 Brochure
SponSorS & SupporterS Title sponsor In association with Broadcast Partner Principal supporters Global Banking Partner Major supporters Radio Partner Festival Partners Official Wine Working in partnership Official Cider 2 The Times Cheltenham Literature Festival dIREctor Festival Assistant Jane Furze Hannah Evans Artistic dIREctor Festival INTERNS Sarah Smyth Lizzie Atkinson, Jen Liggins BOOK IT! dIREctor development dIREctor Jane Churchill Suzy Hillier Festival Managers development OFFIcER Charles Haynes, Nicola Tuxworth Claire Coleman Festival Co-ORdinator development OFFIcER Rose Stuart Alison West Welcome what words will you use to describe your festival experience? Whether it’s Jazz, Science, Music or Literature, a Cheltenham Festival experience can be intellectually challenging, educational, fun, surprising, frustrating, shocking, transformational, inspiring, comical, beautiful, odd, even life-changing. And this year’s The Times Cheltenham Literature Festival is no different. As you will see when you browse this brochure, the Festival promises Contents 10 days of discussion, debate and interview, plus lots of new ways to experience and engage with words and ideas. It’s a true celebration of 2012 NEWS 3 - 9 the power of the word - with old friends, new writers, commentators, What’s happening at this year’s Festival celebrities, sports people and scientists, and from children’s authors, illustrators, comedians and politicians to leading opinion-formers. FESTIVAL PROGRAMME 10 - 89 Your day by day guide to events I can’t praise the team enough for their exceptional dedication and flair in BOOK IT! 91 - 101 curating this year’s inspiring programme. However, there would be no Festival Our Festival for families and without the wonderful enthusiasm of our partners and loyal audiences and we young readers are extremely grateful for all the support we receive. -
Hieroglyphs of the Mind
Copyrighted Material The simplicity of a sketch, the comparative rapidity with which it is produced, the concentration of meaning demanded by its rigid economy of means, render it more symbolical, more like the hieroglyph of its maker’s mind, than any finished work can be. if this be true of all artists, it is in a peculiar sense true of Michelangelo. —J. A. symonds, The Life of Michelangelo Buonarroti, 18931 The bald, clean-shaven man, with formidable frown, nut-cracker nose and chin . seem[s] to have typified for Leonardo vigour and resolution, and so he becomes the counterpart of that other profile which came with equal facility from Leonardo’s pen—the epicene youth. These are, in fact, the two hieroglyphs of Leonardo’s unconscious mind, the two images his hand created when his attention was wandering. —Kenneth clark, Leonardo da Vinci: An Account of His Development as an Artist, 19392 hieroglyPhs of the Mind two celebrated biographers, writing at half a century’s distance from each other about two great artists, have recourse to the same metaphor in their attempt to convey the unique status of drawing as it distinguishes itself from the more substantial visual media on which the popular fame of this pair of geniuses mostly resided. Why the hieroglyph? The term had become proverbial ever since the rosetta stone, discovered during the 1 napoleonic campaigns in egypt, had enabled early nineteenth-century scholars to decipher a system of notation that had fascinated and puzzled europeans all the way back, indeed, to the lifetimes of these two renais- sance artists.3 But Jean-François champollion is not the only researcher lurking beneath the surface of this art-historical metaphor. -
IFA Alumni Newsletter 2017
Number 52 – Fall 2017 NEWSLETTERAlumni Published by the Alumni Association of Contents From the Director ...............3 The Institute of Fine Arts Alumni Updates ...............20 in the Aftermath of the A Wistful ‘So Long’ to our Beloved May 4, 1970 Kent State Killings ....8 Doctors of Philosophy Conferred and Admired Director Pat Rubin ....4 in 2016-2017 .................30 Thinking out of the Box: You Never From Warburg to Duke: Know Where it Will Lead .........12 Masters Degrees Conferred Living at the Institute ............6 in 2016-2017 .................30 The Year in Pictures ............14 Institute Donors ...............32 Faculty Updates ...............16 Institute of Fine Arts Alumni Association Officers: Advisory Council Members: Committees: President William Ambler Walter S. Cook Lecture Jennifer Eskin [email protected] Jay Levenson, Chair [email protected] Susan Galassi [email protected] [email protected] Yvonne Elet Vice President and Kathryn Calley Galitz Jennifer Eskin Acting Treasurer [email protected] Susan Galassi Jennifer Perry Matthew Israel Debra Pincus [email protected] [email protected] Katherine Schwab Lynda Klich Secretary [email protected] Newsletter Johanna Levy Anne Hrychuk Kontokosta Martha Dunkelman [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Debra Pincus Connor Hamm, student assistant [email protected] History of the Institute of Fine Arts Rebecca Rushfield, Chair [email protected] Alumni Reunion Alicia Lubowski-Jahn, Chair [email protected] William Ambler 2 From the Director Christine Poggi, Judy and Michael Steinhardt Director Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Frick varied program. It will include occasional Collection, Museum of Modern Art, and a collaboration and co-sponsorship of exhibitions, diverse range of other museums. -
Annual Report 2019/2020 Contents II President’S Foreword
Annual Report 2019/2020 Contents II President’s Foreword IV Secretary and Chief Executive’s Introduction VI Key figures IX pp. 1–63 Annual Report and Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 August 2020 XI Appendices Royal Academy of Arts Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, W1J 0BD Telephone 020 7300 8000 royalacademy.org.uk The Royal Academy of Arts is a registered charity under Registered Charity Number 1125383 Registered as a company limited by a guarantee in England and Wales under Company Number 6298947 Registered Office: Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, W1J 0BD © Royal Academy of Arts, 2020 Covering the period Portrait of Rebecca Salter PRA. Photo © Jooney Woodward. 1 September 2019 – Portrait of Axel Rüger. Photo © Cat Garcia. 31 August 2020 Contents I President’s I was so honoured to be elected as the Academy’s 27th President by my fellow Foreword Academicians in December 2019. It was a joyous occasion made even more special with the generous support of our wonderful staff, our loyal Friends, Patrons and sponsors. I wanted to take this moment to thank you all once again for your incredibly warm welcome. Of course, this has also been one of the most challenging years that the Royal Academy has ever faced, and none of us could have foreseen the events of the following months on that day in December when all of the Academicians came together for their Election Assembly. I never imagined that within months of being elected, I would be responsible for the temporary closure of the Academy on 17 March 2020 due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. -
The Masterpiece As a Question of Structure and Values: in Search of Universals in Art
International Journal of Art and Art History December 2014, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 77-100 ISSN: 2374-2321 (Print), 2374-233X (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). 2014. All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/ijaah.v2n2a4 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/ijaah.v2n2a4 The Masterpiece as a Question of Structure and Values: In Search of Universals in Art Michael Kausch* 1. To the Question “What is a Masterpiece?”was the question asked by the famous British historian of art Kenneth Clark in a small essay (Ill.1) in 1979.† Ill. 1: Kenneth Clark: What is a Masterpiece? (1979) *PD Mag. Dr. phil. habil, Eschenrieder Str. 11, D-82194 Gröbenzell, BRD, Austrian. Telephone: +49 (0) 89 28803698 † Clark, Kenneth: What is a Masterpiece? London 1979. 78 International Journal of Art and Art History, Vol. 2(2), December 2014 He answeredthe question in the line of classical aesthetics and in reference to works of art mainly of the classical European tradition. Although in our opinion many of these answers respectively criteria are still valid, the exclusive frame of reference, which here is still taken more or less for granted, today seems in multiple ways doubtful: 1. The reference to classical aesthetics 2. The reference to classical art 3. The reference to European art and culture To 1: Classical aesthetics essentially going back to the state of the 18th century seems to have become relative by aesthetics of the open work of art, which is not centered in the work, but – being based on the interaction between the work of art and the recipient – in the observer.