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HTTPS://JOURNALS.KU.EDU/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANSREPTILES • VOL & 15,AMPHIBIANS NO 4 • DEC 2008 • 28(2):189 355–357 • AUG 2021 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY INTRODUCEDTABLE OF CONTENTS SPECIES FEATURE ARTICLES . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: FirstOn the Road to Understanding Record the Ecology and Conservationof a of theCaecilian Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... (Order Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: Gymnophiona,A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................ Family Typhlonectidae,Robert W. Henderson 198 RESEARCH ARTICLES . TyphlonectesThe Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western natans Texas ....................... Emily) Henry,in Jason Florida Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gadand Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida .............................................inBrian J.the Camposano, KennethUnited L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge,States Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 CONSERVATION ALERT 1 1 1 2 2 2 Coleman M.. World’s Sheehy Mammals III , Davidin Crisis ...............................................................................................................................C. Blackburn , Marcel T. Kouete , Kelly B. Gestring , Krissy.............................. Laurie , Austin 220 Prechtel , 3 4 . More Than Mammals ...............................................................................................................................Eric Suarez , and Brooke L. Talley ....................................... 223 . The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 225 1Florida Museum of Natural History, Division of Herpetology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA ([email protected]) 2 Florida Fish andHUSBANDRY Wildlife Conservation Commission, NDivision of Habitat and Species Conservation, 10052 NW 53rd Street, Sunrise, Florida 33351, USA 3Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Habitat and Species Conservation, 8535 Northlake Boulevard, West Palm Beach, Florida 33412, USA . Captive Care of the Central Netted Dragon ....................................................................................................... Shannon Plummer 226 4Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Hunting and Game Management, 620 S. Meridian Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32399, USA PROFILE he genus Typhlonectes. Kraig Adler: A Lifetime (Amphibia; Promoting Herpetology Gymnophiona; ................................................................................................ Colombia, French Guiana, Michael Guyana, L. Treglia 234Peru, and Venezuela, Typhlonectidae) contains two species of completely whereas the Rio Cauca Caecilian, T. natans (Fischer 1880), T COMMENTARY aquatic freshwater. The caecilians. Turtles Have Been The Watching Cayenne Me ........................................................................................................................ Caecilian, has a smaller distribution within Eric Gangloff the drainage238 basins of the Typhlonectes compressicauda (Duméril and Bibron 1841), is Cauca and Magdalena Rivers in Colombia and the areas sur- widely distributedBOOK in the REVIEW Amazonian River Basin of Brazil, rounding the Maracaibo Basin in Venezuela (Tapley and . Threatened Amphibians of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox, R. Berridge, P. Ramani, and B.E. Young .............................................................................................................. Robert Powell 243 CONSERVATION RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ................................. 245 NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ................................. 247 NEWBRIEFS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 248 EDITORIAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 251 FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ............................................................................................... 252 Front Cover. Shannon Plummer. Back Cover. Michael Kern Totat et velleseque audant mo Totat et velleseque audant mo estibus inveliquo velique rerchil estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as accullabo. Fig. 1. This aquatic Rio Cauca Caecilian (Typhlonectes natans; UF:Herp:190000) found alive in the Tamiami Canal (C-4) in Miami-Dade County, Florida, represents the first documented record of this order of amphibians found in the United States. Photograph by Krissy Laurie. Copyright is held by the authors. Articles in R&A are made available under a 355 Reptiles & Amphibians ISSN 2332-4961 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. SHEEHY ET AL. REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 28(2): 355–357 • AUG 2021 Acosta-Galvis 2010; AmphibiaWeb 2021). The two spe- Coral Gables Canal that runs parallel to HWY 826 east to the cies are similar in appearance, but can be differentiated by salinity structure, also yielded no additional caecilians. the relative width of the head (head wider than body in T. The caecilian appeared in good health when collected natans and narrower than body in T. compressicauda; Taylor (Fig. 2), although attempts to feed it in captivity failed and 1968; Maciel and Hoogmoed 2011), tooth shape (teeth with the animal later died. The specimen was subsequently depos- sharp tips in T. natans and with broadly dilated crowns in ited in the Herpetology Collection at the Florida Museum T. compressicauda; Wilkinson 1991), and the number of anal of Natural History (UF:Herp:190000; adult; total length = denticulations (typically 9 in T. natans and 10–11 in T. com- 582 mm; suspected male based on the circular cloacal disc; pressicauda; Taylor 1968; Maciel and Hoogmoed 2011). Both Tapley and Acosta-Galvis 2010). We identified this specimen species are viviparous (Kupfer 2009), as is typical of members as Typhlonectes natans by the presence of the following mor- of the family Typhlonectidae (Wells 2010). phological characters: head wider than body, teeth with sharp At 1326 h on 21 October 2019, personnel with the tips, and presence of nine anal denticulations. This identifica- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) tion was confirmed after analyzing 539 bp of mitochondrial were conducting a routine electrofishing survey of a section ribosomal 16S (GenBank Accession No. MZ444144) ampli- of the Tamiami Canal (C-4) in Miami-Dade County, Florida fied by PCR using 16SaL and 16SbH primers (Palumbi et (25.77120°N, 80.31013°W; WGS 84) when they found a al. 1996) following extraction of genomic DNA from fresh single live caecilian (Fig. 1). It was captured in water about 1 muscle tissue using a QIAGEN DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit. m deep along the southern shore in a box-cut stretch of canal Following alignment with other mitochondrial 16S rRNA containing a narrow fringe of aquatic vegetation (Vallisneria sequences of typhlonectids from GenBank, this specimen is americana and Cabomba caroliniana). Subsequent electro- confirmed as T. natans by its low pairwise sequence divergence fishing on 7 November 2019 in the same canal and associ- (0.0–1.8%; mean = 0.5%; n = 10) from other individuals of ated lateral canal yielded no additional caecilians. Additional this species (Table 1). Furthermore, DNA from the specimen electrofishing in the eastern half of Tamiami Canal, from the is identical to several 16S rRNA sequences in GenBank from individuals of T. natans from captive populations (X86290, Y10951) as well as one individual (MN555720) from north- ern Colombia (Acosta-Galvis et al. 2019). To our knowledge, this represents the first record of a caecilian (order Gymnophiona) in Florida or anywhere else in the United States. Although stem caecilians are known from the fossil record of North America (Jenkins and Walsh 1993), no extant caecilians occur north of southern Mexico. As a result of this discovery, all three orders of extant amphibians are now known to occur in Florida, including many native species of frogs (Anura) and salamanders (Caudata) as well as several non-native species of frogs (Krysko et al. 2019; Goodman et al. 2021). Typhlonectes natans is readily available in the pet trade, and the species is bred in captivity by hob- byists as well as several zoos and aquaria (Tapley and Acosta- Galvis 2010; Churgin et al. 2013). Therefore, the presence Fig. 2. This aquatic Rio Cauca Caecilian (Typhlonectes natans; UF:Herp:190000) was captured in water about 1 m in depth along a of this caecilian in Florida is likely the result of a released or stretch of the C-4 canal near the Miami International Airport,
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    Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae) from Myanmar

    Zootaxa 3785 (1): 045–058 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3785.1.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7EF35A95-5C75-4D16-8EE4-F84934A80C2A A new species of striped Ichthyophis Fitzinger, 1826 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae) from Myanmar MARK WILKINSON1,5, BRONWEN PRESSWELL1,2, EMMA SHERRATT1,3, ANNA PAPADOPOULOU1,4 & DAVID J. GOWER1 1Department of Zoology!, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK 2Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin New Zealand 3Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St., Cam- bridge, MA 02138, USA 4Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 41809, USA 5Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] ! Currently the Department of Life Sciences Abstract A new species of striped ichthyophiid caecilian, Ichthyophis multicolor sp. nov., is described on the basis of morpholog- ical and molecular data from a sample of 14 specimens from Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. The new species resembles superficially the Indian I. tricolor Annandale, 1909 in having both a pale lateral stripe and an adjacent dark ventrolateral stripe contrasting with a paler venter. It differs from I. tricolor in having many more annuli, and in many details of cranial osteology, and molecular data indicate that it is more closely related to other Southeast Asian Ichthyophis than to those of South Asia. The caecilian fauna of Myanmar is exceptionally poorly known but is likely to include chikilids as well as multiple species of Ichthyophis.
  • Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) from the Techniques, and Recent Predictions Western Ghats of Goa and Karnataka (Dinesh Et Al

    Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) from the Techniques, and Recent Predictions Western Ghats of Goa and Karnataka (Dinesh Et Al

    JoTT NOTE 2(8): 1105-1108 New site records of Gegeneophis upsurge in the description of new goaensis and G. mhadeiensis species in Gegeneophis may be due to optimization of surveying (Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) from the techniques, and recent predictions Western Ghats of Goa and Karnataka (Dinesh et al. 2009) indicate future discovery of new species from this genus. 1 2 Gopalakrishna Bhatta , K.P. Dinesh , Gegeneophis goaensis was described by Bhatta et 3 4 P. Prashanth , Nirmal U. Kulkarni & al. (2007a) from Keri Village, Sattari Taluk, North Goa 5 C. Radhakrishnan District, Goa based on a set of three specimens collected in September 2006 and July 2008. G. mhadeiensis 1 Department of Biology, BASE Educational Service Pvt. Ltd., was described in 2007 from Chorla Village, Khanapur Basavanagudi, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560004, India 2,5 Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre, Taluk, Belgaum District, Karnataka from a set of three Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala 673006, India specimens collected during 2006 (Bhatta et al. 2007b). 3 Agumbe Rainforest Research Station, Agumbe, Karnataka During our recent explorations for these secretive animals 577411, India 4 in the bordering districts of Maharashtra (Sindhudurg), Hiru Naik Building, Dhuler Mapusa, Goa 403507, India Email: 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) Goa (North Goa) and Karnataka (Belgaum), we collected an individual of G. goaensis (Image 1) below the soil heap surrounding a banana plantation in Chorla In India the order Gymnophiona Müller is represented Village (Karnataka) on 05 August 2009 (Table 1). All by 26 species under four genera in two families (Dinesh the morphological and morphometric details were in et al.