St Helena (To
Important Bird Areas in Africa and associated islands – St Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha, including Gough Island ■ ST HELENA AND THE DEPENDENCIES OF ASCENSION ISLAND AND TRISTAN DA CUNHA, INCLUDING GOUGH ISLAND BEAU W. ROWLANDS Ascension Frigatebird Fregata aquila. (ILLUSTRATION: DAVE SHOWLER) GENERAL INTRODUCTION middle zone, 330–600 m, has an extensive vegetation cover of shrubs and grasses, but also some open ground. The humid zone, above St Helena is an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom; 600 m, has a luxuriant plant cover that, in places, amounts to a Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha, including Gough Island, cloud-forest, where introduced vegetation flourishes. This includes are administered as Dependencies of St Helena. Acacia, Alpinia, Araucaria, Bambusa, Buddleia, Erythrina, Eucalyptus, Ficus, Grevillia, Juniperus, Mangifera, Musa, Olea, ■ Ascension Island Pinus, Podocarpus and Psidium. Ascension is an isolated and relatively young oceanic island, lying The human population is about 1,000, made up of civilians some 100 km west of the mid-Atlantic Ridge, 1,504 km south-south- working for contractors to the RAF and USAF, and a small number west of Liberia (Cape Palmas), and 2,232 km from Brazil (Recife). of military personnel. The personnel are mainly from the UK, USA The nearest land is St Helena, 1,296 km to the south-east. Apart and St Helena, none of whom are permanent residents. User from a few beach deposits (shell-sand), the island is entirely volcanic organizations include the BBC World Service, Cable & Wireless in origin and has a rugged terrain. The relatively low and dry Communications plc, the RAF and the USAF, with their support western part is dominated by scoria cones and basaltic lava-flows, staff.
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