Effects of Prostaglandin Analogs on Blood Flow Velocity and Resistance
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202514Orig1s000
CENTER FOR DRUG EVALUATION AND RESEARCH APPLICATION NUMBER: 202514Orig1s000 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS REVIEW(S) OFFICE OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW NDA: 202-514 Submission Date(s): January 7, 2011 Proposed Brand Name TBD Generic Name Tafluprost Primary Reviewer Yongheng Zhang, Ph.D. Team Leader Philip M. Colangelo, Pharm.D., Ph.D. OCP Division DCP4 OND Division DTOP Applicant MERCK & CO., Inc. Relevant IND(s) 062690 Submission Type; Code 1S(NME) Formulation; Strength(s) Tafluprost 0.0015% Ophthalmic Solution Indication For the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension Dosage and Administration One drop of Tafluprost 0.0015% ophthalmic solution in the conjunctival sac of the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 2 1.1. RECOMMENDATION ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.2. PHASE IV COMMITMENTS............................................................................................................. 3 1.3. SUMMARY OF IMPORTANT CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS FINDINGS.. 3 2. QUESTION BASED REVIEW ...........................................................................................................4 2.1. GENERAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE DRUG ......................................................................................... -
Eyelash Growth Induced by Topical Prostaglandin Analogues, Bimatoprost, Tafluprost, Travoprost, and Latanoprost in Rabbits
JOURNAL OF OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS ORIGINAL ARTICLE Volume 00, Number 0, 2013 ª Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2013.0075 Eyelash Growth Induced by Topical Prostaglandin Analogues, Bimatoprost, Tafluprost, Travoprost, and Latanoprost in Rabbits Ama´lia Turner Giannico,1 Leandro Lima,1 Heloisa Helena Abil Russ,2 and Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira1 Abstract Purpose: Prostaglandin analogues (PGA) are ocular hypotensive agents used for the treatment of glaucoma. Hypertrichosis of the eyelashes has been reported in humans as a side effect. Eyelash growth was investigated with clinical trials in people using bimatoprost. Scattered reports of eyelash growth during the treatment of glaucoma with other PGA are also found in the literature. We investigated the effect of 4 different topical PGA on eyelash length. Methods: Forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups and received daily topical application of bimatoprost, tafluprost, travoprost, and latanoprost in the left eye for 4 weeks. The right eye received no treatment. Eyelash length was measured in both eyes before and after treatment using a stainless steel digital caliper. Results: Bimatoprost and tafluprost groups had significant increases in eyelash length. We did not observe significant eyelash growth in rabbits receiving travoprost and latanoprost after 1 month of treatment. Conclusions: Today, only bimatoprost is approved for growing eyelashes, and our research shows that ta- fluprost could be further explored by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Additional research using travoprost and latanoprost as agents for eyelash growth should be performed in the future using prolonged treatment periods to determinate whether or not these PGA induce eyelash growth, and investigate other possible side effects. -
OBE022, an Oral and Selective Prostaglandin F2α Receptor Antagonist As an Effective and Safe Modality for the Treatment of Pret
Supplemental material to this article can be found at: http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/suppl/2018/05/18/jpet.118.247668.DC1 1521-0103/366/2/349–364$35.00 https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.118.247668 THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS J Pharmacol Exp Ther 366:349–364, August 2018 Copyright ª 2018 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics OBE022, an Oral and Selective Prostaglandin F2a Receptor Antagonist as an Effective and Safe Modality for the Treatment of Preterm Labor s Oliver Pohl, André Chollet, Sung Hye Kim, Lucia Riaposova, François Spézia, Frédéric Gervais, Philippe Guillaume, Philippe Lluel, Murielle Méen, Frédérique Lemaux, Vasso Terzidou, Phillip R. Bennett, and Jean-Pierre Gotteland ObsEva SA, Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland (O.P., A.C., J.-P.G.); Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology,HammersmithHospitalCampus,EastActon,London,UnitedKingdom(S.H.K.,L.R., V.T., P.R.B.); Citoxlab, Evreux, France (F.S., F.G.); Porsolt Research Laboratory, Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France (P.G.); Urosphere SAS, Toulouse, France (P.L., M.M.); BioTrial, Rennes, France (F.L.); and André Chollet Consulting, Tannay, Switzerland (A.C.) Downloaded from Received February 26, 2018; accepted May 15, 2018 ABSTRACT Preterm birth is the major challenge in obstetrics, affecting aggregation. In in vitro studies, OBE002 inhibited sponta- ∼ 10% of pregnancies. Pan-prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors neous, oxytocin- and PGF2a-induced human myometrial jpet.aspetjournals.org [nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)] prevent preterm contractions alone and was more effective in combination labor and prolong pregnancy but raise concerns about fetal renal with atosiban or nifedipine. -
Success of Prostaglandin E2 in Structure–Function Is a Challenge for Structure-Based Therapeutics
COMMENTARY Success of prostaglandin E2 in structure–function is a challenge for structure-based therapeutics Charles N. Serhan*† and Bruce Levy*‡ *Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine and ‡Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 rostaglandin (PG) E2 is almost ubiquitous in humans and evokes potent diverse actions. Utility is the price of its perfec- Ption. PGE is a founding member of the 2 PGs, a class of mediators that belongs to the still growing family of bioactive au- tacoids known as the eicosanoids (1–3). The main classes include enzymatically generated products such as thrombox- anes, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and EETs, as well as others that are produced via nonenzymatic mechanisms, e.g., isopros- tanes and cyclopentaeone PGs that are increasing in number and appreciation (4, 5). PGE2 regulates key responses in the major human systems including re- productive, gastrointestinal, neuroendo- crine, and immune (Fig. 1). Formed by conversion of arachidonic acid via cyclo- oxygenase (COX) and specific synthases, Fig. 1. Diverse actions of PGE2 and selective targeted biosynthesis in inflammation. (Inset) Eicosanoid family major enzymatic classes of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenase pathways (see text for details). PGE2 stereospecifically exerts potent (nano- to micromolar range) tissue- and cell type-selective actions (1–6). The importance of PGs in inflammation was from protecting gastrointestinal mucosa electrophoresis that this lipid-soluble brought into view by the discovery of J. to regulating smooth muscle and fever, activity behaved as an acid. Vane and colleagues (7) that nonsteroi- set a steep challenge for designer drug Bergstro¨m’s main research was in bile dal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) hunters to achieve, namely selectivity acids and steroids. -
Effect of Latanoprost Or 8-Iso Prostaglandin E2 Alone and in Combination on Intraocular Pressure in Glaucomatous Monkey Eyes
LABORATORY SCIENCES Effect of Latanoprost or 8-iso Prostaglandin E2 Alone and in Combination on Intraocular Pressure in Glaucomatous Monkey Eyes Rong-Fang Wang, MD; Steven M. Podos, MD; Janet B. Serle, MD; Thomas W. Mittag, PhD; F. Ventosa, MD; Bernard Becker, MD Objective: To evaluate the possible additivity of the ef- duction of IOP of 4.0 ± 0.6 mm Hg was produced when fects of latanoprost and 8-iso prostaglandin E2 (8-iso PGE2) 8-iso PGE2 was added to latanoprost and of 3.0 ± 0.7 on intraocular pressure (IOP) in monkey eyes with laser- mm Hg was produced when latanoprost was added to 8-iso induced glaucoma. PGE2 on day 13 before the morning dosing. Combina- tion therapy with both agents caused maximum IOP re- Methods: The IOP was measured hourly for 6 hours be- ductions from baseline of 11.3 ± 3.0 mm Hg (33%) (P,.05) ginning at 9:30 AM on day 1 (baseline day), days 6 and 7 (latanoprost with 8-iso PGE2 added) and of 9.8 ± 1.3 , (single-agent therapy), and days 13 and 14 (combination mm Hg (31%) (P .01) (8-iso PGE2 with latanoprost added) therapy with both agents). Following 1 day of baseline mea- on day 14. surement, 4 monkeys with unilateral glaucoma received monotherapy twice daily with either 1 drop of 0.005% la- Conclusion: Latanoprost and 8-iso PGE2 have an addi- tanoprost, or 0.1% 8-iso PGE2, 25 µL, at 9:30 AM and 3:30 tive effect on IOP in glaucomatous monkey eyes. -
Effects of Prostaglandin F2α (Pgf2α) on Cell-Death Pathways in the Bovine Corpus Luteum
Jonczyk et al. BMC Veterinary Research (2019) 15:416 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2167-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Effects of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on cell- death pathways in the bovine corpus luteum (CL) Agnieszka Walentyna Jonczyk, Katarzyna Karolina Piotrowska-Tomala* and Dariusz Jan Skarzynski Abstract Background: Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) may differentially affect viability of luteal cells by inducing either proliferation or cell death (via apoptosis or necroptosis). The diverse effects of PGF2α may depend on its local vs. systemic actions. In our study, we determined changes in expression of genes related to: (i) apoptosis: caspase (CASP) 3, CASP8, BCL2 associated X (BAX), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and (ii) necroptosis: receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 1, RIPK3, cylindromatosis (CYLD), and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) in the early and mid-stage corpus luteum (CL) that accompany local (intra-CL) vs. systemic (i.m.) analogue of PGF2α (aPGF2α) actions. Cows at day 4 (n = 24) or day 10 (n = 24) of the estrous cycle were treated by injections as follows: (1) systemic saline, (2) systemic aPGF2α (25 mg; Dinoprost), (3) local saline, (4) local aPGF2α (2.5 mg; Dinoprost). After 4 h, CLs were collected by ovariectomy. Expression levels of mRNA and protein were investigated by RT-q PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results: We found that local and systemic administration of aPGF2α in the early-stage CL resulted in decreased expression of CASP3 (P < 0.01), but CASP8 mRNA expression was up-regulated (P < 0.05). However, the expression of CASP3 was up-regulated after local aPGF2α treatment in the middle-stage CL, whereas systemic aPGF2α administration increased both CASP3 and CASP8 expression (P < 0.01). -
Efficacy and Safety of the Fixed Combinations of Tafluprost/Timolol
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Efcacy and safety of the fxed combinations of tafuprost/timolol and latanoprost/carteolol Received: 4 February 2019 Masahiro Fuwa, Atsushi Shimazaki, Masafumi Mieda, Naoko Yamashita, Takahiro Akaishi, Accepted: 7 May 2019 Takazumi Taniguchi & Masatomo Kato Published: xx xx xxxx In this study, we made a comparative efcacy and safety assessment of two diferent fxed combinations of drugs, viz., tafuprost/timolol (TAF/TIM) and latanoprost/carteolol (LAT/CAR), by determining their efects on intraocular pressure (IOP) in ocular normotensive monkeys and examining their toxic efects on ocular surface using human corneal epithelial cells. TAF/TIM was found to be more efective in lowering IOP for a longer duration compared to LAT/CAR. We found that the diference in the intensity of IOP-lowering efect was because of the diferences in the strength of timolol compared with that of carteolol as a beta-adrenergic antagonist and strength of tafuprost compared with that of latanoprost as a prostaglandin analogue. In addition, TAF/TIM showed much less cytotoxic efects compared to LAT/CAR on the human corneal epithelial cells. Our fndings showed that TAF/TIM is better than LAT/CAR with regard to the IOP-lowering efect in monkeys and toxicity on ocular surface. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the eyes characterised by selective retinal ganglion cell loss, fol- lowed by progressive defects in visual feld, resulting in the principal cause of irreversible blindness worldwide1–4. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important contributor for the progression of glaucoma, for which the current treatment primarily involves IOP reduction1,5–8. -
Review Article Analysis of the Responsiveness of Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, and Tafluprost in the Treatment of OAG/OHT Patients
Hindawi Journal of Ophthalmology Volume 2021, Article ID 5586719, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5586719 Review Article Analysis of the Responsiveness of Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, and Tafluprost in the Treatment of OAG/OHT Patients Ziyan Cai ,1 Mengdan Cao,1 Ke Liu,1 and Xuanchu Duan 2 1Department of Ophthalmology, e Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2Department of Ophthalmology, Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China Correspondence should be addressed to Xuanchu Duan; [email protected] Received 22 February 2021; Accepted 18 May 2021; Published 25 May 2021 Academic Editor: Enrique Menc´ıa-Gutie´rrez Copyright © 2021 Ziyan Cai et al. -is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Aim. Within the clinical setting, some patients have been identified as lacking in response to PGAs. -is meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost, and tafluprost in OAG/OHT patients, latanoprost nonresponders (LNRs), and the IOP-reducing efficacy and safety. Methods. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. -e primary clinical endpoint was the number of responders at the end of the study. -e secondary clinical endpoint was the IOP reduction at the endpoint from baseline. Safety evaluation included five common adverse events: conjunctival hyperemia, hypertrichosis, ocular burning, ocular itching, and foreign-body sensation. Results. Eleven articles containing ten RCTs were included in this meta-analysis study. -e results highlighted that, in the OAG/ OHT population, there was no statistically significant difference in the responsiveness of the four PGAs. -
Unoprostone Isopropyl (Rescula) Reference Number: HIM.PA.11 Effective Date: 09.04.18 Last Review Date: 11.19 Revision Log Line of Business: HIM
Clinical Policy: Unoprostone Isopropyl (Rescula) Reference Number: HIM.PA.11 Effective Date: 09.04.18 Last Review Date: 11.19 Revision Log Line of Business: HIM See Important Reminder at the end of this policy for important regulatory and legal information. Description Unoprostone isopropyl ophthalmic solution, 0.15% (Rescula®) is a synthetic analog (docosanoid) of prostaglandin F2-alpha. FDA Approved Indication(s) Rescula is indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Policy/Criteria Provider must submit documentation (such as office chart notes, lab results or other clinical information) supporting that member has met all approval criteria. It is the policy of health plans affiliated with Centene Corporation® that Rescula is medically necessary when the following criteria are met: I. Initial Approval Criteria A. Ocular Hypertension or Open-Angle Glaucoma (must meet all): 1. Diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension; 2. Failure of prostaglandin analogues (e.g., latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost) in combination with beta blockers (e.g., timolol), unless contraindicated or clinically significant adverse effects are experienced; 3. Age ≥ 18 years; 4. Dose does not exceed 1 bottle per 35 days. Approval duration: 12 months B. Other diagnoses/indications 1. Refer to the off-label use policy for the relevant line of business if diagnosis is NOT specifically listed under section III (Diagnoses/Indications for which coverage is NOT authorized): HIM.PHAR.21 for health insurance marketplace. II. Continued Therapy A. Ocular Hypertension or Open-Angle Glaucoma (must meet all): 1. Currently receiving medication via Centene benefit or member has previously met initial approval criteria; 2. -
Prostaglandin Analogs for Glaucoma
Prostaglandin Analogs Company Brand Generic Name Name Akorn Inc. Zioptan™ Tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015% (PF) Allergan Inc. Durysta™ Bimatoprost 10 mcg implant Allergan Inc. Lumigan® Bimatoprost 0.01%, 0.03% Bausch & Lomb, Vyzulta™ Latanoprostene bunod 0.024% Inc. Novartis Travatan® Z Travaprost 0.004% Pfizer Inc. Xalatan® Latanoprost 0.005% Sun Ophthalmics Xelpros™ Latanoprost ophthalmic emulsion 0.005% Prostaglandin analogs work by increasing the outflow of intraocular fluid from the eye. They have few systemic side effects but are associated with changes to the eye itself, including change in iris color and growth of eyelashes. Depending on the individual, one brand of this type of medication may be more effective and produce fewer side effects. Prostaglandin analogs are taken as eye drops (except Durysta™ which is an implant). They are effective at reducing intraocular pressure in people who have open-angle glaucoma. Latanoprost and some formulations of bimatoprost and travoprost are available in generic form. Tafluprost is a preservative-free prostaglandin analog. Side Effects Side effects can include eye color change, darkening of eyelid skin, eyelash growth, droopy eyelids, sunken eyes, stinging, eye redness, and itching. Follow these steps to make it easier to put in eye drops: Preparing the Drops ● Always wash your hands before handling your eye drops or touching your eyes. ● If you’re wearing contact lenses, take them out — unless your ophthalmologist has told you to leave them in. ● Shake the drops vigorously before using them. ● Remove the cap of the eye drop medication. ○ Do not touch the dropper tip. Putting in Eye Drops ● Tilt your head back slightly and look up. -
Misoprostol Induces Relaxation of Human Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle: Comparison to Prostaglandin E1
International Journal of Impotence Research (2000) 12, 107±110 ß 2000 Macmillan Publishers Ltd All rights reserved 0955-9930/00 $15.00 www.nature.com/ijir Misoprostol induces relaxation of human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle: comparison to prostaglandin E1 RB Moreland1, NN Kim1, A Nehra2, BG Parulkar3 and A Traish1,4* 1Department of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; 2Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; 3Department of Urology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA 01604, USA; and 4Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) relaxes trabecular smooth muscle by interacting with speci®c G-protein coupled receptors on human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle and increasing intracellular synthesis of cAMP. Misoprostol (CytotecTM), is an oral prostaglandin E analogue. The purpose of this study was to compare the functional activity of misoprostol with PGE1 in human corpus cavernosum and cultured human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells. Misoprostol, misoprostol free acid or PGE1 induced dose-dependent relaxations in strips of human corpus cavernosum. At concentrations greater than 1076 M, tissue recontraction was observed with all three agents. This was abrogated by pretreatment with the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist SQ29,548. From these observations, we conclude that misoprostol is activated by human corpus cavernosum in situ and relaxes phenylephrine-precontrated tissue -
Summary of Product Characteristics, Labelling and Package Leaflet
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS, LABELLING AND PACKAGE LEAFLET Taptiqom-sd-qrd-en-common-proposed-December-2020 1 SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS Taptiqom-sd-qrd-en-common-proposed-December-2020 2 1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Taptiqom 15 micrograms/ml + 5 mg/ml eye drops, solution in single-dose container. 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml solution contains: tafluprost 15 micrograms and timolol (as maleate) 5 mg. One single-dose container (0.3 ml) of eye drops, solution, contains 4.5 micrograms of tafluprost and 1.5 mg of timolol. One drop (about 30 µl) contains about 0.45 micrograms of tafluprost and 0.15 mg of timolol. Excipient with known effect: One ml of eye drops solution contains 1.3 mg phosphates and one drop contains approximately 0.04 mg phosphates. For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1. 3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Eye drops, solution in single-dose container (eye drops). A clear, colourless solution with a pH of 6.0-6.7 and an osmolality of 290-370 mOsm/kg. 4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic indications Reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in adult patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who are insufficiently responsive to topical monotherapy with beta-blockers or prostaglandin analogues and require a combination therapy, and who would benefit from preservative free eye drops. 4.2 Posology and method of administration Posology Recommended therapy is one eye drop in the conjunctival sac of the affected eye(s) once daily. If one dose is missed, treatment should continue with the next dose as planned.