-11 HIGHWA Y PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized

ROAD IMPROVEMENTPROGRAM FOR POVERTYALLEVIATION (FIRST BATCH) E 0

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTALEVALUATION Public Disclosure Authorized

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*@ co Public Disclosure Authorized

Henan Provincial Environmental Protection Institute September, 1995 Public Disclosure Authorized

~-= e Tableof Contents

Introduction 1. EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentof CategoryA Projects 1.1 Project Description 1.2 Brief Descriptionof Phy3ioenvironmentaland SocioeconomicSituation 1.3 SectoralEnvironmental Setting 1.4 EnvironmentalImpact Assessment 1.5 MitigationMeasures 1.6 Public Consultation 2. EnvironmentalAction Planof CategoryB Projects 2.1 ProjectDescription 2.2 EnvironmentalSetting 2.3 PredictedEnvironmental Impacts 2.4 Mitigation Measures 3. EnvironmentalManagement Program for RIPAProjects 3.1 Institutional Arrangementsfor EnvironmentalManagement Organization 3.2 EnvironmentalManagement Network 4. EnvironmentalMonitoring Program for RIPAProjects 5. TrainingProgram for RIPAProjects AppendixA Key Elementsof the EnvironmentalAction Plan (EAP)of Road Improvement Programfor Poverty Alleviation INTROODUCTION

The road improvementprogram for poverty alleviation (RIPA)is an integral part of HenanII Highway Project. The first batch of such projects involve 31 road segmentsincluded in 12 systemsdistributed in 10 poverty counties in 5 cities andprefectures of HenanProvince. See Table 1 for brief descriptionsand Map 1 for locationsof these projects.

Thesesegments are small in size and at low grades.Out of the 31 segments,5 (with a grand length of 80 km) are to be newly constructed,while the rest 26 segments(with a total length of 766 km) are upgradingof existing roads.The total cost of these segmentsis estimatedat 301.05 million RMB.

Sincethese road segmentsare large in numberand most of them are upgradingof existing roads,the sectoralenvironmental assessment approach is proposedto be applied.

In line with project descriptionsand field surveys, these projects are classified into two categories,namely,

Category A projects: those which may have potentially significant environmental impacts. This category includes new road construction,upgrading of existing roads with substantial widening and land acquisition,and other road upgradingprojects passingthrough environmentallyspecial ares such as natural reserves,sanatoriums, historical sites and cultural relics.

CategoryB projects:those which are not expectedto have significant environmental impacts. This categoryincludes widening, improvingand upgradingof existing roads without substantialland acquisitionand relocation.

For Category A projects, both EIAsand EAPsare required, but Category B projectsonly need EAPs.

As screenedand identified,the first batch RIPAprojects under HenanII Highway Projectare classified as shown in Table2.

Laws/regulationsand standardsrelated to the first batch RIPAroads under HenanII Highway Project are as follows:

Laws and Reoulations

(a) EnvironmentalProtection Law of the People'sRepublic of (PRC);

(b) Air PollutionControl Law of PRC;

(c) Water PollutionControl Law of PRC;

(d) Noise Control Regulationof PRC;

(e) Cultural RelicsPreservbaion Law of PRC;

Page-1 (f) Land ManagementLaw of PRC;

(g) EnvironmentalProtection ManagementMeasures for Construction Projects (NEPA document No. 003, 1986);

(h) EnvironmentalProtection Management Measures for Transportation Construction Projects (MOCdocument No. 17, 1990);

(i) Regulationson EnvironmentalProtection of ConstructionProjects in HenanProvince.

EnvironmentalStandards

As agreedby the local environmentalprotection agencies,environmental standards applied to the EIA of RIPAprojects are as follows:

(a) Class II standardsof AtmosphericAir QualityStandards (GB3095-82);

(b) Class IV standardsof (ClassII standardsfor schoolsand hospitals)of NoiseStandards for UrbanAreas (GB3096-93);and

(c) Class IV standardsof SurfaceWater QualityStandards (GPt3838-88).

Page-2 Table 1 Summaryof RIPAProject Descriptions

Prefecture County System No. Segment SegmentNo. Length (kml Natur Class

5 Heyu-Tlanqleoogou 5-1 14 Upgreding IlI Luenchuan 6 Miaozi-Linzikou 6-1 19 Upgrading III

Luoyang Meidallng-Lishujlie 7-1 23 Upgrading III

Shongxian 7 Balhe-Balyunshen 7-2 25 New Unclassified Muzhijie-Chentang 7-3 18 New Unclassifled

Lushl-Wulichuan 12.1 52 Upgrading IV

Lushl 12 BbaoBshan-Mutong 12-2 23 Upgrading Unclassified

Xleohemisn-Shiziping 12-3 19 Upgrading Unclassifled

Sanmonxia Guoyuen-Tianchl 14.1 24 Upgrading Unclossifled Tianchl-Hongyang 14-2 12 New Unclassified Mlanchl 14 - Tienchi-Ylma 14.3 10 New Unclassified

Changcun-Ochi 144 22 Upgrading Unclassified

Shimudiwa-Nandi 16-1 46 Upgrading Ill

16 Zhnocun-Tumen 16-2 22 Upgrading Unclassified Pingdingshon Lushan Guabeishl-Mazhuang 16-3 15 Upgrading Unclassified

18 Baolicang-Shimudiwa 18-1 35 Upgrading IlI

Xinchuen-Muiche 21-2 24 New Unclassified Xinchuan 21 Laoguanha-Canglang 21-3 119 Upgrading Unclassified

Xuantanmino-Yuehe 22-1 44 Upgrading IV Nanyang Tongbai-Tongjiahe 22-2 11 Upgrading Unclassified Tongbai 22 MDoji-Xinhc 22-3 16 Upgrading Unclassified

Huanggang-Tongjiahe 224 29 Upgrading Unclassified

Suhe-Shawo 23-1 66 Upgrading IV

Guanyintang-Cafang 23-2 28 Upgrading Unclassified Xinxian 23 Wangfan-Hejiashan 23-3 9 Upgrading Unclassified

Liufan-Niucong 23-4 8 Upgrading Unclassified Wanggang-Changzhuyuan 24-1 31 Upgrading Unclassified

Shangcheng 24 Daquandian-Yangiiawan 24-2 19 Upgrading Unclassified

Changzhuyuan-Huangbaishan 24-3 18 Upgrading Unclassified

Jiangji-Xuji 27-1 12 Upgrading Unctassified Shigu 27 Qiaogou-Ouanhepu 27-2 31 Upgreding Unclassified

Page-3 Table2 Categorizationof RIPAProjects

Category SystemNo. SegmentNo. 5 5-1 6 6-1 7 7-1 12 12-1,12-2,12-3 14 14-1,14-4 16 16-1,16-2,16-3 18 18B-1 2 1 21-3 22 22-1, 22-2, 22-3, 22-4 23 23-1, 23-2, 23-3, 23-4 24 24-1, 24-2, 24-3

______27 27-1,27-2 7 7-2, 7-3 14 14-2, 14-3 21 21-2

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WOWo e!Bu4 1, ENVIRONMENTALIMPACT ASESSMENI OF CATEGORYA PROJECTS (IncludIng5 RoadSeaments In a Systems)

1.1 ProjectDescription

1.1.1 7# RoadSystem

This system includes altogether 2 CategoryA projects, namely, 7-2# and 7-#, which are distributed in ShongxianCounty of LuoyangCity.

1.1.1.1 Locationand Alignment

7-2# Segment{Baihe-Baiyunshen): Starting at Tianqiaogouin the southwestpart of Shongxian County, this roadgoes southwest along the BaiheRiver for 9 km to reachthe BaiheRiver, and then it stretches 16 km before it ends at Baiyunshanclose to Tudimiaogou.The total length is 25 km.

7-2# Segment(Muzhijia-Chantang): The start point is at MuzhijieXiang which is located at k44 + 050 of the road from Luhun reservo.rto Checun Village. Going southwest along the ChantangRiver to pass by Getashang,Shimen and Hengchunao,this segmentcovers 18 km before it ends at ChantangVillage.

1.1.1.2 Main TechnicalIndices and Work Quantities

The maintechnical andwork quantitiesof 7-2# and 7-3# segmentsincluded in 7# system are as delineatedin Table 1-1-1.

7-2 segmentis partly upgradingof existing road. Its newly constructedpart will be basedon the existing non-all-weatherearth subgrade which will be widenedto 6.5 m. Also, the surface condition will be improvedfor the earth roadto be turned into an all-weathersegment. As a matter of fact, this segmentis just as a new project.

As for 7-3# segment,there exists a subgradewhich is only 3 m wide. As a simple path, the existing road makes it impossiblefor vehiclesto pass on in case of rainy days. Also, there is adequate provision of bridges and culverts. This proposed project involves widening the subgradeto 6.5 m, additional provision of bridges/culvertsand improvementof the road surface. In this way, it will turn an all-weatherroad. This segmentis also consideredas a new project.

7-2# segment includes 9 km along the Baihe River, while 7-3# segment goes along the ChantangRiver at its full length of 18 km.

The designlife spanof both 7-2# and 7-3# segmentsis 15 years.

1.1.1.3 ConstructionSchedule

Preparationworks of both 7-2# and 7-3# segmentswill be completedby the year of 1995. Both segments,started in early 1995, will be completedto be opento traffic in late 1996.

Page-5 1.1.2 14# Road System

This system consists of 14-2# and 14-3# segmP:its both of which are Category A projects and are located in .

1.1.2.1 Location and Alignment

14-2# Segment (Tianchi-Hongyang): Starting at Tianchi Xiang which lies in the southeast of Mianchi County, it leads northeast to pass across the Jianhe River and Long-Hai railway, then it trends north to and at Hongyang Xiang in the east of the county which it connects national road No. 310. The total length is 12 krr.

14-3# Segment (Tianchi-Yima): Covering a total length of 10 km, it starts at Tianchi Xialig, links 14-4# segment (Category A project) and then and ends at the south part of Yima City.

Table 1-1-1 Main Technical Indices and Work Quantities of Newly-Constructed Segments Included in 7# Road System

Segment No. Parameter Unit 7-2# 7-3# Class of Road Out of Class Out of Class Type of Pavement Macadam Macadam Length of Segment km 25 18 Width of Subgrade m 6.5 6.5 width of Surface m 4.0 4.0 Load of Bridge/Culvert , ruck-1 3, Trailer-60 Truck-1 3. Trailer-60 Middle/Small Bridge m/Number 90/3 6013 Culvert m/Number 675/75 486_5_t 3 Earth Work Quantity 1 04 m 6.25 4.5 3 Rock Work Quantit 1 04 m 21 .25 12.0

Table 1-1-2 Predicted Traffic Volumes of 7-2# and 7-3# Segments

unit: vehicle/day (absolute number) Traffic Volume Segment No. 2000 2011 7-2# 98 340 7-3# 92 316

Page-6 1.1.2.2 Main TechnicalIndices and Work Quantities

Both 14-2# and 14-3# segments are newly built projects. Table 1-1-3 includes their main technical indices and work quantities. As designed, the life span of both is 20 years.

1.1.2.3 Construction Schedule

The preparation works of both segments are proposed to be completed in 1995. Started in early 1996, both will be completed to be open to traffic by the end of 1997.

1.1.2.4 PredictedTraffic Volume

As predicted on the basis of the Socioeconomic Benefit Analysis of 14# Road System as prepared by Henan Provincial Communications Department and SanmenxiaTransport Bureau, the traffic volumes of both segments are as shown in Table 1-1-4.

Table 1-1-3 Main Technical Indices and Work Quantitiesof 14-2# and 14-3# Segments

,~ = xSegment No. Parameter Unit 14-2# 14-3#

Class of Road Out of Class Out of Class Type of Pavement Macadam Macadam Length of Segment km 12 10 Width of Subgrade m 7.0 7.0 width of Surface m 5.5 5.5 Load of Bridge/Culvert Truck-1 3, Trailer-60 Truck-1 3, Trailer-60 Middle/Small Bridge m/Number Culvert m/Number

3 Earth Work Quantity 104 m 16.5 9.2

Rock Work Quantity 1 04 M3 5.1 3.5

Table 1-1-2 Predicted Traffic Volumes of 14-2# and 14-3# Segments

unit: vehicle/day (absolute number) Traffic Volume Segment No. 2000 J 2011 14-2# 150 439 1102 14-3# 200 581 _1445

Page-7 1.1.3 21# RoadSystem

The system is composedof 2 segmentsout of which 21-2# is a CategoryA project located in XinchuanCounty.

1.1.3.1 Location and Alignment

21-2# segment is located in the middle of XinchuanCounty, NanyangCity. Starting at the county seat, it goes northwestto HuicheXiang of Xixia Countyand links national road 310 which passeshere. The total length is 24 km.

1.1.3.2 Main TechnicalIndices and Work Cluantities

21-2# is a newly constructedsegment with a designlife spanof 20 years.The maintechnical and work quantities are as listed in Table 1-1-5.

1.1.3.3 ConstructionSchedule

With preparationworks completedby the end of 1995, the constructionof 21-2# segment is proposedto be started in early 1996 and completedin late 1997.

1.1.3.4 PredictedTraffic Volume

As predicted on the basis of the SocioeconomicBenefit Analysis of 14# Road System as preparedby HenanProvincial Communications Department and Transport Bureau, the traffic volume of this segmentis as shown in Table 1-1-6.

Table 1-1-5 Main TechnicalIndices and Work Quantitiesof 21-2# Segment

Parameter Unit Index Class of Road Out of Class Type of Pavement Asphalt Length of Segment km 24 Width of Subgrade m 6.0 width of Surface m 4.5 Load of Bridge/Culvert Truck-13, Trailer-60 Middle/SmallBridge m/Number 0 Culvert m/Number 720/80 3 Earth Work Quantity 104 m 5.48 Rock Work Quantity 104 m3 21.35

Page-8 Tab:e1-1-6 PredictedTraffic Volumes of 21-2# Segments

unit: vehicle/day(absolute number) Year 1998 2008 2017 Traffic Volume 180 631 1951

1.2 BriefDescription of Physloenvironmentaland Socioeconomic Situation

1.2.1 Physioenvironment

1.2.1.1 7# RoadSystem

Both 7-2# and 7-3# segmentsincluded in 7# systemare CategoryA projects,with the former beinglocated in the south part andthe latter in the middle of ShongshanCounty. The former goes9 km alongriver banksand then 16 km in mountainareas, while the latter accompanies river banks at its full length of 18 km.

Being in the western mountainarea of HenanProvince, Shongshan County is between the north foot of the Mount Funiu and its branchesFangshan and Xionger. It falls within the continental monsoonclimatic zone with 4 distinct seasons.This county enjoys abundant mineralresources such as gold, phosphorous,potassium, lead, copper,bolognian stone and fluorite which are of super quality and large deposits.The local eco-environmentalis good, with forests distributed in extensiveareas which cover 44.4% of the total land area. There are manyplant species, including some famous and valuable Chinese medical herbs. There live some wildlife in mountain areas.

1.2.1.2 14# RoadSystem

This system includes 2 segments,namely, 14-2# and 14-3#, which are both Category A projectsdistributed in pedimenthillyland areas of Mianchi County.

Locatedin the west part of HenanProvince, Mianchi County is adjacentto the in the north. The TaihangMountain stands in the north, with an averageelevation about 600 m and a maximumof 1462 m at the summitof Shaoshan.The south part is brokencounty at an elevationranging from 200 to 600 m. The weather hereis temperatecontinental monsoon with 4 distinct seasons. But it is relatively dry and drought-prone.The annual average temperatureand precipitation is separately1 2.3°C and 704 mm, with a frost-free period of 220 days in the year.

Both segmentspasses through loessbroken country with poor eco-environmentand lower vegetation coverage. So the soil here is erosion-prone.Coal is the predominatingmineral deposit, with many minesdistributed here. Most of the plantsare commonspecies which do not havehigh ecologicalrequirements. Large wildlife has not beenfound recently.The Yellow Riverand Jianhe FRiverare the major rivers passingthrough the county.

Page-9 1.2.1.3 21# RoadSystem

21-2# segmentincluded in 21# system is a CategoryA project located in the northeastpart of XinchuanCounty in low mountains.

XinchuanCounty is in the southwest tip of HenanProvince. High mountainsare distributed in northwest and southwest parts of the countyat an averageelevation about 1000 m. The southeast part is in broken country. This county happensto be the inundationarea of the Danjiangkoureservoir. The tailwater of this reservoir reaches the southwest part of the county. The weather is also temperate continentalmonsoon with 4 distinct seasons.The annual averagetemperature and precipitationis respectively 15.8 0C and 821 mm, with a frost-free period of 225 days in the year.

With a lower vegetation percentage,the eco-environmentalconditions along the proposed segmentare relativelypoor. But the waters coversa large area which takes up 14.1% of the whole county. The DanjiangRiver is the major riverwith 1 10 km distributed in the county. In the west mountainareas, there are moreforests andplant species.Also, largewildlife is seen in high mountains.

1.2.2 Socioeconomy

1.2.2.1 7# RoadSystem

7# systemis located in ShongshanCounty which is one of the 28 poorestcounties in China. Coveringa total land area of 3008.9 kM2, it has a total populationof 509800 and farmland area of 506640 mu. The economy is less developed.In the year of 1994, the gross output value of industry and agriculturewas only separately286 million RMBand 187 million RMB, with a total rankingthe last but one amongthe counties and districts governedby City.

7-2# and 7-3# segmentsinvolve a total populationof 78100 peopleliving in Baihe,Checun and MuzhijieXiangs, including 97% agriculturalcomponents. With 1 seniormiddle school, 10 junior middleschools and 51 primary schools,the total student populationis 1 141. Thereare 3 small hospitalsprovided with 70 sick beds, and 71 clinics. The total medicalstaff is 299, i.e. 35 per each 10000 people.The peoplein these 3 xiangs do not have safe drinkingwater supply. Medicalcare, educationand living conditionsare all poor.

1.2.2.2 14$ RoadSystem

MianchiCounty where 7# segmentis locatedis alsoone of the 28 poorestcounties in China. It governs a total populationof 310600 peopledistributed in a total land areaof 1480 km2 which includes579200mu farmland.With agriculturalcomponents accounting for 84% of the total population,the gross output value of agriculturein 1993 was only 147 million RMB,and the output value contributedby the coal-basedmining industry was no morethan 166 million RMB.

14-2# and 14-3# segments involve Tianchi, Hongyangand ChangcunXiangs with a total populationof 42900 in 1993, including98.5% agriculturalpeople. In the sameyear, the gross

Page-10 agriculture output value gained in these 3 xiangs was 34.59 million RMB, accounting for 23.5 % of the county total. Without any seniormiddle school, though, there are4 junior middle schools and 49 primary schools,with a total of 9122 students at school. About 3% of the pre-schoolchildren do not go to school. There are 3 hospitalsand 40 clinics with a total of 32 sick beds (i.e. 1 bed per 1000 people)and 76 medicalstaff (21 per 10000 people).Most of the peoplehere are having difficult drinkingwater supply and are living a poor life.

1.2.2.3 21# Road System

Xinchuan County, where 21# system is located, is one of the 28 poorest counties at the national level. The total land area is 2798 km2 (including709600 mu farmland) where there are 669615 people,including 433000 people(65%) living under the poverty line. As.a major inundationcounty of the Danjiangkoureservoir, Xinchuan has one of the largestresettlement populations in the country. Out of the total 15 xiangs (township), 11 are involved in the reservoir resettlement.There are 1 2 xiangs (township)distributed in high mountains.The gross national productin 1993 was 717 million RMB,including 440 million RMBcontributed by agriculture.

21-2# segment, a Category A project, involves ChengguanTownship and ShangjiXiang. Basedon 1993 statistics, they had a total populationof 57300, including53700 agricultural people (94%). The gross agriculturaloutput value was 20.04 million RMB which constituted 4.6% of the county total. There is no seniormiddle school here, but there are 6 junior middle schools and 12 primary schools with a total student populationof 6549. Some 12% pre- school children are not at school. About 20% of the total populationare illiterate. Thereare 2 small hospitalsand 130 clinics with a total medicalstaff of 1 75, i.e. 30 per 10000 people. Approximatelyhalf of the populationare not providedwith safe drinkingwater supply.

1.2.3 Distributionof SensitiveSites

1.3 SectoralEnvironnmental Setting

1.3.1 Air QualitySituation

1.3.1.1 AssessmentStandard

Class II standardsas includedin ,he "Standardof Air EnvironmentalQuality" (GB3095-82)is appliedto the assessmentof air quality along the proposed3 systems, see Table 1-3-1 for concentrationlimits of the assessmentstandards.

1.3.1.2 Monitoringof Air EnvironmentalSituation

1.3.1.2.1 Arrangementof MonitoringSites

7# System: 5 monitoringsites are arrangedrespectively at Muzhijie Xiang Government, Shimen,Chantang, Mingbaichuan and Tudimiao.

14# System:there are3 monitoringsites arrangedalong the segmentsincluded in this system, namely, HongyangXiang Government,Tianchi Xiang Governmentand ChengcunVillage.

Page-11 21# System: 2 monitoring sites, namely, Xinchuan County Government and Laojunmiao Village, are arranged here.

Table 1-3-2 summarizes the general descriptions of these 10 monitoring sites.

Table 1-3-1 Air Quality Assessment Standards

unit: mg/m 3 Item Instantaneous Concentration Daily Average T.S.P. 1.00 0.30 NO. 0.15 0.10 CO 10.0 4.0

Table 1-3-2 Brief Description of Monitoring Sites

SegmentNo. SectoralFeature MonitoringSite Description System is located MuzhiJieXiang The monitoring is arranged at the xiang government courtyard. As in south rural Government the place of the xiang government. Muzhijie has a population of Shongxian County some 2800. There is a junior middle school and a primary school with 500 students, as well as a small hospital with 20 sick beds. Shimen With a population of 150 people, without any school.

7# Chantang With a population about 280 people. A primary school is at the south edge, with some 100 pupils, but it is far from the road.

Mingbaichuan With 250 villagers; there is a primary school with 150 pupils in 5 classes.

Tudimiaogou About 340 villagers are sparsely distributed in high mountains, with some 80 pupils in a primary school.

This system is Hongyang Xiang The monitoring is at the xiang government courtyard. There is 2 located in the east Government schools and a small hospital. The population is about 3000. rural part of Mianchi County. Tianchi Xiang The monitoring is at the xiang government courtyard. There is 2 14# with Long-Hai Government schools and a small hospital with 12 sick beds. The population is Railway passing about 3500. through. Chengcun With about 300 villagers, a primary school is located far from the road.

The newly-built Xinchuan Xiang The monitoring site is at the top of the county government building part is in northeast Government in the busy county seat. Xinchuan. with a ______21# part in Xixia broken Laojunmiao Located at the boundary of Xinchuan and Xixia. this village has 400 country, most in villagews, including 150 pupils at a primary school. rural areas.

Page-12 1.3.1.2.2 MonitoringItem and Methodology

The monitoringitems includeT.S.P., NO, and CO.

The monitoring methodology is as stated in the "EnvironmentalMonitoring and Analysis Methodologyt' (NEPA,1983).

Item Samplina Methodoloav

T.S.P. collecting with filter diaphragm weight method NO. solution absorption hydrochloric naphthaleneacetic diamine colorimetry CO collection with gas samplingbag gas chromatography

1.3.1.2.3 MonitoringTime and Frequency

Monitoringof presentair quality situation in all project areaswas carriedout at the sametime in the periodfrom September11 to 15, 1 995. The monitoringlasted 5 executivedays, with 4 times each day respectivelyat 7:00, 11:00, 15:00 and 20:00.

Eachmonitoring included observations of airtemperature, air pressureand ground wind speed amongother major meteorologicalelements.

1.3.1.2.4 MonitoringResults

Statistics of the air monitoringresults involved in the above 3 systemsare separatelystated in Tables1-3-3, 1-3-4 and 1-3-5.

1.3.1.3 Evaluationof Air QualitySituation

1.3.1.3.1 7# RoadSystem

The instantaneousT.S.P. concentrationsat the 5 monitoringsites involvedin 7# system do not exceedthe standard.With the maximumat 0.746 mg/m3, most of the measuredvalues are lessthan 0.500 mg/m3. The daily concentrationexceeds the standardat 2 of these 5 sites with an above-standardpercentage of 20%, i.e. such excess occurs on one of the 5 monitoringdays. But the maximum daily concentrationis 0.350 mg/m3 which is only 0.17 time abovethe standard.

Neitherinstantaneous nor daily NO, concentrationsat these 5 sites exceedthe standard.The maximuminstantaneous value is at 0.063 mg/m3 which accountsfor 42% of the standard. The daily N0, values are almost below 0.500 mg/m3, i.e. less than half of the standard.

Page-13 The concentrationsof CO are quite low at present,with instantaneousvalues constituting less than 25% of the standardand daily values accountingfor less than 50% of such.

As above mentioned,the sectoral air quality is in a good situation. All the indicesare below the assessmentstandard except daily T.S.Pconcentrations in some cases. The presentair quality here meets ClassIt standard.

1.3.1.3.2 24# RoadSystem r* ?

Among the monitoringsites involvedin 24# system,the site at HongyangXiang Government is subject to instantaneousT.S.P. concentrationsabove the standard. Out of the total 20 monitoring data, there is one exceedingthe standard,but the excess is no more than 0.11 time. It is commonfor the daily concentrationsto exceedthe standard,and the valuesat all the 3 sites are abovethe standard,with a maximumof 0.642 mg/iM3 which is 1.1 times above the standard.This relatesto the fact that muchdust arisesas rain hasbeen raresince the fall came.

Neither of the instantaneousand daily NO, concentrationsexceeds the standard.At the site of HongyangXiang Government immediately close to nationalroad 310, however,the highest instantaneousconcentration of NO,takes up 82% of the assessmentstandard while the daily maximumis 88% of the standard.

In the project areasof 14# system, the CO concentrationsare measuredto be significantly above those at other areas.The daily CO concentrationsat the monitoringsite of Hongyang Xiang Governmentexceeds the standardin somecases, though, suchexcess is at a low level. The instantaneousCO values at all sites are almostless than half of the standards.The higher CO concentrationshere relate to the large numberof small coal minesand coking plants.

The aforesaidanalysis suggests that the sectoralair quality fails to meet ClassIl standard.

1.3.1.3.3 21# Road System

The instantaneousT.S.P. concentrationwas oncemeasured to be abovethe standardat the monitoring site of Xinchuan County Government,with an excess of 0.95 time. The daily values at this site also exceed the standardin somecases. Accordingto the statistics, the daily values are abovethe standarden 2 of the 5 monitoringdays, with a maximumof 0.643 mg/m3 which is 1 .14 times above the standard.At the other monitoringsite involved in this system, the instantaneousand daily T.S.P.values are both below and only take up a small portion of the standard. This is also the case of instantaneous and daily NOXand CO concentrations.

Throughthe above analysis, it can be deemedthat the presentair quality along21# system satisfies Class II standard.

Page-14 Table 1-3-3 Statistics on Monitoring Results of Present T.S.P. Situation

Instantaneous Concentration Daily Concentration System No. MonitoringSite System NoontMeasured Value (mg/m3) Excess % Measured Value (mg/m3) Excess % Muzhijie Xiang Government 0.037-0.746 0 0.128-0.350 20.0 Shimen 0.017-0.334 0 0.086-0.238 0 7# Chantang 0.035-0.448 0 0.231-0.302 20.0 Mingbaichuan 0.113-0.417 0 0.180-0.288 0 Tudimiaogou 0.038-0.588 0 0.107-0.278 0 Hongyang Xiang Government 0.035-1.106 5 0.108-0.642 40.0 14# Tianchi Xiang Government 0.057-0.399 0 0.137-0.336 20.0 Chengcun 0.057-0.691 0 0.112-0.432 20.0 Xinchuan County Government 0.017-1.947 5.0 0.087-0.643 40.0 2Laojunmiao 0.035-0.196 0 0.049-0.121 0

Page-15 Table 1-3-2 Statistics on Monitoring Results of Present NO. Situation

Instantaneous Concentration Daily Concentration System No. Monitoring Site Measured Value (mg/m3 ) Excess % Measured Value (mg/m3 ) Excess 9

Muzhijie Xiang Government 0.019-0.063 0 0.024-0.054 0 Shimen 0.016-0.048 0 0.019-0.033 0 7# Chantang 0.014-0.046 0 0.019-0.038 0 Mingbaichuan 0.01 1-0.055 0 0.015-0.028 0 Tudimiaogou 0.005-0.030 0 0.015-0.023 0 HorngyangXiang Government 0.021-0.123 0 0.034-0.088 0 14# Tianchi Xiang Government 0.016-0.088 0 0.024-0.049 0 Chengcun 0.017-0.074 0 0.036-0.060 0 Xinchuan County Government 0.01 2-0.096 0 0.021-0.054 0 21_# Laojunmiao 0.005-0.062 0 0.012-0.047 0

Page-16 4 - e4,

Table 1-3-5 Statistics on Monitoring Results of Present CO Situation

Instantaneous Concentration Daily Concentration SystemNo. MonitoringSite_ System No.Monitoring Site Measured Value (mg/M3 ) Excess % Measured Value (mg/m3) Excess % Muzhiiie Xiang Government 1.151-2.042 0 1.240-1.795 0 Shimen 0.933-1.584 0 1.001-1.385 0 7# Chantang 0.476-2.296 0 0.847-1.866 0 Mingbaichuan 0.300-1.462 0 0.517-0.918 0 Tudimiaogou 0.315-0.942 0 0.424-0.831 0 Hongyang Xiang Government 2.512-5.131 0 02.700-4.013 0 14# Tianchi Xiang Government 1.126-4.876 0 1.347-3.869 0 Chengcun 0.960-2.858 0 1.036-1.887 0 Xinchuan County Government 0.749-2.658 0 0.903-1.876 0 21# Laojunmiao 0.359-1.187 0 0.504-0.943 0

Page-17 1.3.2 AcousticEnvironmental Quality Situation

1.3.2.1 AssessmentStandard

In line with the present sectoral environmental situation, it is agreed, by the local environmentalprotection agencies,that Class II standardas included in the "Environmental Noise Standardfor UrbanAreas" {GB3096-93),i.e. 60 dBCA)for day time and 50 dBMA)for night time, will be appliedto the assessmentof acousticenvironmental situation alongall the 3 road systems.

1.3.2.2 Monitoringof AcousticEnvironmental Situation r 1.3.2.2.1 Arrangementof MonitoringSites

The monitoringsites for such purposeare the sameas usedfor air monitoring.

1.3.2.2.2 MonitoringItem

The monitoringitems are environmentalnoise L,, values at day and night hours.

1.3.2.2.3 MonitoringTime

Monitoring of the environmentalnoise situation along all of the 3 systemswas conducted September1 5, 1995 at the sametime. Monitoringwas carried out onceat day and once at night hours.

1.3.2.2. MonitoringResults

The monitoringresults are as shown in Table 1-3-6.

1.3.2.3 Evaluationof AcousticEnvironmental Situation

1.3.2.3.1 7# RoadSystem

At all the 5 monitoringsites, none of the environmentalnoise L.. levelsat both day and night time exceedsthe standard.The L,,qvalues are all 10 dB(A) lower than the standardexcept for the monitoringsite at MuzhijieXiang Government.This indicates that the project areas are relatively quiet, with acousticenvironment meeting the requirementsof Class II standard.

1.3.2.3.2 144 RoadSystem

Out of the 3 monitoringsites involvedin 14# system, 2 have environmentalnoise L.qequal to or higherthan the standardat day hours,with the rest having L,, belowthe standard.The Loqat night hoursdoes not exceedthe standard,though, it is approximateto the standard. This meansthat the local acoustic environmentis not in a good situation and fails to meet Class II standard.

Page-18 Table 1-3-6 Statistics on Mc.itoring Resultsof Acoustic EnvironmentalSituation unit: dB(A) except for a

_Day Time Night Time System No. Monitoring Site - - -o - -. eq ______~__ ~_ _ __~ _ ~______L 15Qso L ,,, o L10 LSO ag MuzhijieXiang Government 65 52 47 54 4.2 44 40 38 41 2.1 Shimen 42 39 38 40 1.5 38 38 37 38 0.6 7# Chantang 45 40 37 42 2.3 38 37 37 37 0.3 Mingbaichuan 40 40 39 40 0.1 37 37 36 37 0.1 Tudimiaogou 41 40 40 40 0.1 37 36 35 36 0.3 HongyangXiang Government 67 60 50 63 3.5 46 41 38 42 1.7 14# TianchiXiang Government 64 58 49 60 3.1 52 46 39 47 2.8 Chengcun 56 49 45 51 2.2 47 45 43 4O 1.1 XinchuanCounty Government 62 58 50 57 2.4 50 47 44 46 1.8

2 111 - ______21______#Laojunmiao 50 46 41 45 2.0 44 44 43 44 0.1

Page-19 1.3.2.3.3 21# RoadSystem

With environmentalnoise Lq not exceedingthe standard at both day and night hours, the acoustic environmentat both monitoring sites involved In 21# system satisfies Class II standard.

1.3.3 SurfaceWator QualitySituation

The major rivers passingthrough the 3 systemsinclude:

7# System: Jianhe River 14# System: Yihe River 21 #System: LaoguanheRiver

The former two falls within the River watershed while the last is a tributary of the DanjiangRiver. Basedon historical monitoringrecords, the water quality of river sections of concern (involvedin the road systems) is as shown in Table 1-3-7.

Table 1-3-7 Water Quality of River Sectionsof Concern

unit: mg/l except for pH Parameter Jianhe Yihe Laoguanhe Class IV Water QualityStandard pH 8.0 8.1 7.5 6.5-8.5 DO 6.4 9.6 3.5 3 PermanganateIndex 12.12 1.19 28.6 8 COD 37.93 8.48 N.A. 20

BOD5 6.65 1.09 20.45 6 Volatile Phenol 0.006 0.002 0.014 0.01 Oil 1.02 0.27 N.A 0.5 Pb 0.007 0.015 0.005 0.05

The water quality standardfor Class IV waters applied to the water quality assessmentis listed in Table 1-3-7.

As shown in the above table, water quality of the Jianhe River is relatively poor, with permanganateindex, CODand BOD5 exceedingthe standard.The maximumexcess belongs to COD which is 0.9 time abovethe standard.Water quality of the river sectionsof concern fails to meet Class11 standard. As the exceedingparameters reveals, the river water is polluted by organic matters.

Page-20 The LaoguanheRiver water quality is also poor, with permanganateindex exceedingthe standardby 2.6 times and SOD, by 2.4 times.Volatile phenolalso exceeds the standard.The water quality of the sectionsof concerndoes not meetthe requirementsof ClassIV standard.

Relatively,the Yihe Riverwater quality is good,with all parameterssatisfying the standardfor Class IV waters and even the requirementsof ClassII waters except for oil. The Yihe River sections of concern, with clean water without pollution,practically meet the functions of drinking sourcewater.

1.3.4 OverallEvaluation of PresentEnvironmental Situation

As judged on the basis of the above environmentalelements, the sectoral environmental situation along 7# system is rathergood, with that along 14# and then 21# following.

1.4 PredictedEnvironmental Impacts

1.4.1 ConstructionPhase

1.4.1 .1 Air Pollution

Air pollution due to dust arising from construction activities is a common problem to be enrountered during construction of all the 5 newly-built segments involved Category A. Co,ostructionactivities which may causedust include:lime-soil mixing, construction material transportation at temporarypaths, and powdermaterials in store.

Generally,dust dueto constructionactivities affects the areaat short distancefrom work sites (genera,ly50 m, with a maximumof 100 m), althoughit also poses some impacts on the range 200 m from the work sites. Beyondthis range,the impact, if any will be minor.

Out of the 5 newly-built segments,only 21-2# will be pavedwith asphalt,asphalt smoke will bring about some air impacts duringconstruction activities, though the rangeto be affected will not be farther than 200 m away from the lee sideof tar heating sites.

1.4.1.2 ConstructionNoise Impacts

All the segmentswill be out-of-classroads. With a small numberof constructionmachines to be used, noise impacts due to constructionactivities are not expectedto be significant.

As estimated, the rangeto be affected by constructionequipment at day hourswill not be morethan 100 m, though it may be as far as 200 m at night hours.

1.4.1.3 Water Pollution

7-2# and 7-3# segmentsare alignedalong river banks, and 14-2# needsto pass acrossthe jianhe River. Without proper management,construction activities will pose some adverse impacts on the water quality of the Jianhe(14-2#), Ruhe (7-2#) and ChantangRivers (7-3#). The latter 2 are small rivers.

Page-21 1.4.1.4 PhysicalEco-environmental Impacts

Most of the project areasof the 5 newly-builtsegments are located in wasteland. As for 7-2# segment,the first half is on river bankswhile the secondhalf is at mountaincontours. 7-3# is completely aligned on the ChantangRiver banks. Most of 14-2#, 14-3# and 21-2# are located in wasteland areas.The subgradeis 6 m width except for 14-2# and 14-3# with a subgradewidth of 7 m. The grandlength of these 5 segmentsis 80 km. As a consequence, the land to be covered will not be much, not to speakfarmland. The construction of these segmentswill not causesignificant negativeimpacts on the local agriculturaland ecological environment.

Most of the local plants in the project areasare commonspecies, without any large wildlife. The construction of these roadswill not cause any extinction of wildlife, and will not affect wildlife migration, either.

Adequatebridges and culverts will be provided,as necessary,to havean adequatedischarge capacity. Duringconstruction of bridges and culverts, temporarychannels and conduits for drainageand irrigationpurposes will be constructed.As a result, the roadconstruction will not causesignificant impacts on the surface irrigation and drainagesystems. The road construction will not have any effect on such ecologicalelements as lamination, temperatureand moisture.

It is concluded that the construction of these 5 road segmentswill only cause minor eco- environmentalimpacts.

1.4.2 OperationPhase

1.4.2.1 Air Pollution

When these 5 segmentsare completedand put into service,the traffic volume will not be large.Up to the late operationstage, the traffic volumeof any segmentwill not be more than 2000 vehicles/day, the value of 7-2# in the year of 2011, for example, will be only 340 vehicles/day. With such traffic volumes, vehicle exhaust will not result in significant air impacts. Likewise, characteristicair pollutants (e.g. CO, He) will not exceed the standardas a result of exhaustgas dischargedby vehicles.

All of the 5 segments,except 21-2# which will be paved with asphalt, will have macadam pavement which will causemuch dust when vehiclespass on them. As a consequence,the areas at a short distance will be exposedto adverse air impacts. At any section close to villages,proper measuresshould be taken, as appropriate,to minimizedust on 14-2#, 14-3#, 7-2# and 7-3# segments.

1.4.2.2 Traffic NoiseImpacts Sincethe traffic volumewill be small upon completionof these 5 segments,traffic noise by vehiclemotors will not posesignificant impacts. Nevertheless,all the segments,except 21-2#, will have macadampavement with large coarseness,so driving vehicles may disturb the residents in the vicinity.

Page-22 As judged on the basis of the predictedtraffic volumes and as assessedusing Class IV standard of the "EnvironmentalNoise Standardfor Urban Areas" (GB3096-93),the traffic noise in the range 10-100 m away from the roadsideswill not be higherthan 70 dB(A)during day hours.

Sinceall the road segmentswill be rural roadswith traffic volumesconcentrated during day hours, the traffic volume at night time, if any, will be very small. Evenif the instantaneous trafic noise will be higherthan 55 dB(A)when one or two vehiclespass by, the time will be too limited to significantly disturbthe residentsliving on both sides.

Therefore,the traffic noise impacts upon completion of these road segmentswill not be significant. 1.4.2.3 Water Pollution

The impactson the local surface water will not be significantupon completionof these roads, providedno traffic accident or spill of toxic/harmfulmaterials will not be encountered.

1.4.2.4 Other Impacts

The milage of roads availableupon completionof these roads will be extended, which will benefit the local residents who will have more opportunitiesto take part in the channel of commodities,and will have moreaccess to employment,medical care and education.These roadswill remarkablypromote the livelihoodimprovement of the local people. With positive benefits overwhelmingnegative ones, these roads, when completed, will promotethe local economicdevelopment in a certain extent. 1.5 Mitigation Measures

1.5.1 DesignPhase

1.5.1.1 Everyeffort has beenincorporated into the alignmentschemes of all these road segmentsto minimizeuse of farmlandand to link as many villagesas possible,as well as to avoid or minimizerelocation work quantities. Also, the alignmentschemes have adequately consideredthe opinions of the local communitiesand governments.Since the roads are located in mountainareas, the alignmentschemes have been selectedto integrate the road constructionwith, rather than interrupt,the developmentof mineraland forest resources.

1.5.1.2 The existing rivers, ditches,canals and any other surfacewater systemsto be crossedby the roads will be providedwith adequatebridges/culverts to minimize possible impactson the surface water irrigationsystems as a result of the road construction.

Designedto have adequate dischargecapacities, all bridges and culverts will be able to withstand floods once in 100 years. v4 Engineeringor biologicalmeasures will betaken to achieveslope stability.Side ditches will be constructed,on both sidesof the roads,to guidesurface run-off to naturalditches and canals, andto control possiblesoil erosionas a result of local topographicchange.

Page-23 At road segmentsgoing along mountaincontours, such measuresas slope controlling and planting will be taken to stabilizeslopes andto preventmud-rock flow and landslideamong other geologicaldisasters. 1.5.1.3 Soil materialsrequired for new subgradeswill be borrowedfrom within the land acquisitionlimit as many as possible.Any shortagewill be made up by meansof longitudinal allocation of soil works, such that destructionof land beyondthe land acquisitionlimit will be minimized.

For road segmentsaligned alongriver banks,the project design has consideredthe stability of dykes so that the flood resistanceof such dykes will not be weakenedas a result of the road construction. a

Land for temporaryuse will be selectedfrom wastelandareas so as to minimizedestruction of farmland.

1.5.1.4 The afforestationengineering of slopesand side ditches are improvedto include aestheticeffect of integratingroad afforestationwith natural landscape.

1.5.1.5 When the alignmentis finalized,the local archeologicalagencies are entrusted with archeologicalexplorations. Since neither surface nor undergroundcultural relics are discovered,the road construction will not causeany archeologicalimpacts.

1 .5.2 ConstructionPhase 1.5.2.1 Landfor temporaryuse will beselected from wastelandareas. Any landfor such purposes, regardless of greenland or wasteland, will be planted upon completion of construction activities.

1.5.2.2 Constructioncamps for bridges/culvertsand riverin segmentswill be placedfar from rivers.

At constructioncamps, garbagecans will be providedat fixed placed for domesticgarbage to be collected and simply disposeof beforedischarged.

Wastewaterand excreta contributedby constructioncamps will be treated, in a simpleway, before discharged. Drinkingwater supply for construction camps will meet the requirementsof the "Sanitary Standardfor DrinkingWater Quality".

1.5.2.3 Any wastewater arisingfrom constructionactivities andconstruction camps will not be directly dischargedinto rivers to avoid possiblewater quality impacts. During constructionof bridges/culverts,spoil materialsand debris will not be allowedto join river channelsor conduits. During construction road segments along river banks, construction managementwill be erhanced to preventconstruction materialsfrom falling in the river course.

Page-24 1.5.2.4 Duringconstruction of road segmentsfar away from villages, roadsidemixing of limb-soilmaterials will be applied;but in case of segmentsclose to villages, centralmixing approachwill be adopted,with mixing placesbeing placedon the lee side of the villages.If such mixing place has to be placed windward of the villages,it will be kept more than 200 mR, away from such villages.

Soil roads to be temporarilyused for construction material hauling purposeswill be often watered, especiallyin the dry season,watering should be done at least twice a day (oncein the morning and oncein the afternoon).

Piledconstruction materials,such as cement, lime and sand,will be coveredto avoid dust to be blown by wind. For the constructionof 21-2#, centraltar heatingshould be providedwith heatingsites at the leeward of any village.If such heatingsite hasto be placedwindward of any village, then a distance of 200 m, at least, should be arrangedin between.

1.5.2.5 In orderto prevent constructionnoise from disturbingthe nearbyresidents at night hours, constructionwork will be suspendedfrom 22:00 to 6:00. 1.5.2.6 During constriction operationsof bridges/culvertsand road segmentsat any massif, construction workers will wear helmetsfor the sakeof safety.

Wherever blasting operationsare required,relevant procedures for such operationswill be closely followed, and the residentsin the vicinity will be informedin advancefor the purpose of temporaryevacuation.

Enhancedenvironmental awareness will be exercisedamong construction workers. Poaching will be strictly forbidden.

1.5.3 OperationPhase 1.5.3.1 Road segmentsclose to any village will be often watered, especially in dry seasons,watering will be done, at least twice a day (oncein the morning and once in the afternoon), to cut down air impacts by dust arisingfrom the road surface.

Road maintenancewill be strengthenedto keepthe road surface flat and smooth so as to reduce noise causedby passingvehicles.

Use of horns will be controlled.Wink lamps will be used, instead of horns, for indicating overtake at night.

1.5.3.2 Trucks to carry toxic/harmful anddangerous materials will have permitsissued by public security, transportationand fire authorities. In the event of any traffic accident or spill of toxic/harmful materials,fire, transportation, traffic police and environmentalprotection agencieswill be promptly informed such that correction measureswill be taken, as appropriate,to avoid or minimizepossible environmental impacts.

Page-25 1.5.3.3 Other Measures

Such measuresinclude: * Enhancedtraining servicesfor driversto strictly forbid any driving without licenseand in drunkenconditions;

* Strengthenedmanagement of vehiclesto keepthem in good conditionsand to strictly forbid overloading;

* 0 More efforts will be made to enhanceeducation of transportation laws/regulations amongthe local residents; * Any new permanentbuildings will not be built in the range 10 m from the roadsides. Constructionof any new hospitals,schools and concentratedresidential sites will not be allowed in the area200 m from the roadsides.

1.6 Public Consultation

Duringthe environmentalmonitoring process, public consultationwas carried out amongthe local residents.As the result tells, the local communitiessh4N their positive attitudes toward the construction of the roads.When asked about relocationand land acquisition and other aspects directly relatingto their immediateinterests, most of them said they would accept relocation and resettlementprovided proper compensationswould be provided. As consultation with non-governmentorganizations (including people's representative congress,peasant associations) suggests, all the non-governmentorganizations support the construction of these roads and think these projects, when completed, will do good to promotingthe local economicdevelopment.

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b-~~ P ~ -2. ENVIRONMENTALACTION PLAN OF CATEGORYB PROJECTS (Includina26 RoadSegments In 12 Systems)

2.1 ProjectDescription

2.1 .1 RoadAlignment

2.1.1.1 Heyu-Tianqiaogou(5-1# Segment)

This road segmentis locatedin LuanchuanCounty, starting at Heyu,going east of Huangtuling Village, west of LongheVillage, and endingat Tianqiaogouwhich is at the boundarybetween Luanchuanand SongxianCounties, with a total length of 14.6 km.

2.1.1.2 Miaozi-Linzikou(6-1# Segment)

This road segmentis situation in LuanchuanCounty. Starting at Miaozi Xiang, it leadssouth to go east of XiashongpingVillage and endsat LinzikouVillage which falls at the boundaryof Luanchuanand Xixia (NanyangCity). The total length is 19.0 km.

2.1.1.3 Meidaling-Lishujie(7-1# Segment)

Locatedin the south part of SongxianCounty, this segmentstarts at MeidalingVillage which is at the boundaryof Songxianand LushanCounties. After passingthrough DongcunXiang, it links 5-1 # segmentat Lishujie adjacent to the boundaryof Shongxianand Luanchuan Counties.The total length is 34 km.

2.1.1.4 12# RoadSystem

This system includes3 segmentswhich are all distributed in .

Lushi-Wulichuan(1 2-1 # Segment):Starting at LushiCounty seat, it leads south and endsat WulichuanXiang, with a total length of 52 km.

Babaoshan-Mutong(1 2-2# Segment):Embarking from Babaoshanwhich lies in the west part of Lushi County seat, this segment goes southwestthrough PanheXiang before it ends at Mutong Xiang. This segmentcovers a distance of 23 km.

Xiaohemian-Shiziping(1 2-3# Segment):With the start point at XiaohemianVillage west of WulichuanXiang, this roadsegment heads west to end at ShizipingXiang, with a total length of 19 km.

2.1.1.5 14# RoadSystem

This systemhas altogether4 road segments,including 14-1 # and 14-4# segmentswhich are CategoryA projectslocated in MianchiCounty.

Page-27 Guoyuan-Tianchi(14-1 # Sugment):With the start point at Guoyuansouth of MianchiCounty seat and the end point at Tianchi,this segmentstretches 24 km.

Changcun-Ochi(1 4-4# Segment):After startingfrom ChangcunXiang east of MianchiCounty seat, this segmentgoes southwest to passthrough DuzhongXiang and to connectwith 14-1# segmentbefore it trends further southwestto end at Ochi Village.The total length is 22 km.

2.1.1.6 16# and 18# RoadSystems

Both systems are locatedin LushanCounty of PingdingshanCity, with 3 segmentsin 1 6# system located in the west part and 1 segmentin 18# systemlocated in the middlepart of the county.

Shimudiwa-Nandi(16-1# Segment):This segnmentstarts at ShimudiwaVillage and ends at NandiVillage after it passeswest through ZhangcunXiang, with a total length of 46 km.

Zhaocun-Tumen(1 6-2# Segment): Starting at ZhangcunXiang where 16-1#1segment passes, it goesnortheast to passthrough Guobeishi Village before it endsat TumenXiang, with a total length of 22 km.

Guobeishi-Mazhuang(1 6-3# Segment):Starting at GuobeishiVillage where 16-2# segment passes,it goes northwestto end at MazhuangVillage. The total length is 15 km.

Balicang-Shimudiwa(18-1 # Segment):Starting at BalicangVillage west of LushanCounty seat, it goes west along the west rim of ZhaopingtaiReservoir Area, tends south and then west to pass through Xiatang Township before it ends at Shimudiwawhere it links 16-1# segment. The total length is 35 km.

2.1.1.7 21# RoadSystem

This system is located in XinchuanCounty of NanyangCity, including 2 segmentsout of which 21-3# segmentis a CategoryB project.

Laoguanhe-Cangfang(21-3# Segment):This segmentstarts at Laoguanhebridge west of XinchuanCounty and ends at CangfangXiang after it goes by LaochengTownship in the south, DashiqiaoXiang in the northwest, TaoheXiang and ShengwanXiang in the southeast. The total length is 119 km.

2.1.1.8 22# RoadSystem

This system includes4 segmentswhich are all within TongbaiCounty of NanyangCity.

Xuantanmiao-Yuehe(22-1 # Segment):Starting at XuantanmiaoVillage, it goeswest to pass through Maoji Township,south to passthrough GuxianTownship and Wucheng Xiang before it ends at YueheTownship at the boundaryof HebeiProvince. The total length is 44 km.

Page-28 Tongbai-Tongjiahe(22-2# Segment):After embarkingf rom TongbaiCounty seat, it goesnorth to pass through GuoyuanXiang and endsat Tongjiahebridge, with a total length of 11 km.

Maoji-Xinyang(22-3# Segment):Starting at Maoji Township where 22-1# segmentpasses, it goesnorthwest to passthrough Huanggang and ends at the boundarybetween Tongbai and XinyangCounties. The total length of this segmentis 16 km.

* Huanggang-Tongjiahe(22-4# Segment):Starting at HuanggangXiang where 22-3# segment passes,it trends southwestto endat Tongjiahewhich is al:no the end point of 22-2# segment. Linkingup 22-3# and 22-2# segments,this road has a total length of 29 km.

2.1.1.9 23# RoadSystem

This road system has 4 segmentswhich are all in Xinxian County of XinyangPrefecture.

Suhe-Shawo(23-1 # Segment):Located in the north part of Xinxian County, this segment starts at SuheXiang which is at the boundaryof Xinxian and LuoshanCounties. After going east to passthrough Qianjin,Wuchenhe and Xuwan Xiangs,it endsat ShawoTownship close to the boundarybetween Xiaxianand ShangchengCounties, with a length of 66 km.

Guanyintan-Kafang(23-2# Segment):Starting at GuanyintangVillage where 23-1# segment passesby, it goes south to end at KafangXiang, with a total length of 28 km.

Wangfan-Hejiashani23-3# Segment):Starting at Wangfan Village where 23-2# segment passesby, it goes west to end at HejiashanVillage, with a total length of 9 km.

Liufan-Niucong(23-4# Segment):Starting at Liufan Village where 23-3# segmentpasses by, it goeseast and then south beforeit endsNiucong Village, with a total length of 8 km.

2.1.1.10 24# RoadSystem

This systemis composedof 3 segmentswhich are all located in the southpart of .

Wanggang-Changzhuyuan(24-1 # Segment):This segmentstart at WanggangXiang south of ShangchengCounty Seat and ends at ChangzhuyuanXiang after it goes southwest to pass through DaquandianXiang. The total length is 31 km.

Daquandian-Yangjiawan(24-2# Segment): Starting at DaquandianXiang where 24-1 #segment passesthrough, is goes southeast to XiangzigangVillage and then trends east to end at YangjiawanVillage at the boundaryof Province.The total length is 19 km.

Changzhuyuan-Huangbaishan(24-3#Segment): Starting at ChangzhuyuanXiang where 24-1# segmentpasses through, this segmentgres south to end at HuangbaishanForest Farm which is at the boundaryof HubeiProvince. The total length is 18 km.

Page-29 2.1.1.11 27# RoadSystem

Including2 segments,this system is located in the northeastpart of GushiCounty.

Jiangji-Xuji (27-1# Segment):This segmentstarts at Jiangji northeastof seat and goes northeastto end at Xuji Xiang, with a total length of 1 2 km.

Qiaogou-Quanhepu(27-2# Segment):Starting at QiaogouXiang northeastof Gushi County seat, this segmentgoes to Xuji Xiang, the end point of 27-1# segment, andthen to Yangou Village before it trends south and goes along the boundaryof Anhui Province.After leaving ChenjiXiang, it trends south again and endsat QuanhepuTownship, with a total length of 31 km.

2.1.2 Main TechnicalIndices and Work Qualities $ Category$ projectsinclude asphalt and macadampavements which are classified as shown in Table 2-1-1.

Table 2-1-1 Pavementof CategoryB Roads

Type of Pavement SegmentNo. Asphalt Pavement 5-1#, 6-1 #, 7-1 #, 12-1#, 16-1#, 18-1#, 22-1#, 22-2#, (Type I) 22-3#, 23-1 # and 27-1 #, altogether 1 1 segments MacadamPavement 12-2#, 12-3#, 14-1#, 14-4#, 16-2#, 16-3#, 21-3#, 22- (Type II) 4#, 23-2#, 23-3#, 23-4#, 24-1N, 24-2#, 24-3# and 27- 2#, altogether 15 segments

The mainindices and work quantities of Type I road segmentsunder Category B are as shown in Table 2-1-2., while those of Type II road segments are describedin Table2-1-3.

2.1 .3 ConstructionSchedule

With preparationworks scheduledto be completed by the end of 1995, construction of the RIPAroads will be commencedin early 1 996 and completedby the end of 1997 to be open to traffic in early 1998.

2.1.4 PredictedTraffic Volume

Upon completionof these RIPAroads, the traffic volumesare predictedas illustrated in Table 2-4.

Page-30 Table 2-1-2 Main Technical Indices and Work Quantities of Type I Road Segments under Category B

Segment Segment Subgrade Surface Bridge Culvert Load EarthWorks RockWorks 3 3 No. Length(km) Width Cm) Width {m) (m/Number) (mlNumber) (104 m) (104 m ) 5-1# 14 7.5 6.0 20/2 230123 Truck-13, trailer-60 11.76 17.64 6-1 # 19 7.5 6.0 20/2 225/22 Truck-13, trailer-60 15.40 20.40 7-1 # 23 7.5 6.0 7013 320/40 Truck-13, trailer-60 15.36 35.84 12-1# 52 7.5 6.0 0 956/95 Truck-13, trailer-60 1.165 1.132 16-1# 46 7.5 6.0 0 1080/90 Truck-13, trailer-60 12.4 6.9 18-1# 35 8.5 7.0 0 886/70 Truck-13, trailer-60 30.23 6.9 22-1# 44 7.5 6.0 196/2 271/25 Truck-13. trailer-60 20.05 7.34 22-2# 11 7.0 5.5 0 85/7 Truck-13, trailer-60 5.01 1.83 22-3# 16 6.0 4.5 0 132/10 Truck-i 3, trailer-60 7.29 2.67 23-1# 66 7.5 6.0 230/12 4831/355 Truck-13, trailer-60 25.68 22.29 27-1# 12 7.0 5.5 25/3 170/60 Truck-13,trailer-60 7.53 0

Page-31 5 'l

Table 2-1-3 Main Technical Indices and Work Quantities of Type II Road Segments under Category B

Segment Segment Subgrade Surface Bridge Culvert Load EarthWorks RockWorks 3 3 No. Length (km) Width (m) Width (m) (m/Number) lm/Number) (10 mI) (10 im ) 12-2# 23 6.0 4.5 0 552169 Truck-13, trailer-60 13.20 9.80 12-3# 19 6.0 4.5 0 296J37 Truck-13, trailer-60 6.25 2.60 14-1# 24 7.0 5.5 0 680/70 Truck-13,trailer-60 16.20 5.50 14-4# 22 7.0 5.5 655/66 Truck-13, trailer-60 12.80 4.40 16-2# 22 6.0 4.5 0 520/65 Truck-13,trailer-60 7.46 0 16-3# 15 6.0 4.5 0 360/45 Truck-13, trailer-60 5.09 0 21-3# 119 6.0 4.5 0 31601395 Truck-13, trailer-60 82.16 105.86 22-4# 29 6.0 4.5 2511 139/17 Truck-13,trailer-60 12.76 4.84 23-2ff 28 6.0 4.5 0 1120/140 Truck-13, trailer-60 7.80 13.80 23-3ff 9 6.0 4.5 29/1 360145 Truck-13,trailer-60 1.50 3.30 23-4# 8 6.0 4.5 28/1 320/40 Truck-13, trailer-60 1.336 2.93 24-1# 31 6.0 4.5 77/4 1365/162 Truck-13, trailer-60 27.44 11.53 24-2# 19 6.0 4.5 48/2 835/83 Truck-13, trailer-60 16.82 7.06 24-3# 18 6.0 4.5 4512 790/79 Truck-13, trailer-60 15.93 6.69 27-2:# 31 6.0 4.5 59/7 980/155 Truck-13, trailer-60 19.46 0

Page-32 Table 2-4 Predicted Traffic Volumes unit: vehicle/day {middle vehicle) Traffic Volume

Type of Pavement Segment No. 1988 2008 2018

5-1 # 885 2173 4508 6-1 # 394 1275 3205 7-1 # 845 2038 4697 12-1 # 1042 2654 5607 16-1 # 1873 3354 5667 Asphalt Pavement 18-1# 744 1930 4551 (Type 1) 2711 5334 22-1# 1378 2711 5334 22-2# 1378 2711 5334 22-31/ 1378 2711 5334 23-1# _ 27-1# - 225 910 3682 12-2# 237 604 1276 12-3# 686 1748 3693 14-1# 390 1146 2462 14-4# 234 676 1517 16-2# 123 291 632 16-3# 123 291 632 21-3# 315 1104 3414 Macadam Pavement 22-4# 1378 2711 5334 (Type11) 23-2#

23-3# ______24-4# ______24-1 #

24-21/______

2 4 -3 1/______27-21# 261 1059 4283

Page-33 2.2. EnvironmentalSetting

2.2.1 Geography,Topography and Geomorphology

2.2.1.1 5#, 6# and 7# RoadSystems

These 3 systems are distributed in 2 Luanchuanand Songxian Countiesof LuoyangCity. Thesecounties areboth locatedin the Xiongerand Funiumountain areas with intersectinghills and fluctuating land.

2.2.1.2 12# and 14# RoadSystems

These systemsare distributed in Lushi and MianchiCounties of sanmenxiaCity. Beingin the remote west part of HenanProvince, Lushi County is adjacent to ShannxiProvince in the west, with Funiu, Xionger and Xiaoshan Mountains distributed here. Micnchi County is squeezedin TaihangMountain in the north and pediment hillyland in the south, with 14$ system located in brokencountry.

2.2.1.3 16# and 18$#Road Systems

Both are located in LushanCounty of PingdingshanCity. With Funiu Mountain in the west, brokencountry in the middleand plainarea in the east,the topographydeclines from west to east, with 16# system lying in deep mountainsand 18# system in broken country.

2.2.1.4 21# and 22# Road Systems

Both systemsare distributedin Xinchuanand TongbaiCounties of NanyangCity. Beingin the southwest part of Henan Province,Xinchuan County is adjacent to ShannxiProvince in the west and HubeiProvince in the south. With mountainsat an averageelevation about 1000 m in the northwest and southwest, andbruken country in the east, 21# systemis locatedin the mountain areaof the county. Beingadjacent to HubeiProvince in the south, TongbaiCounty is in the south part of HenanProvince, with 22# system in the Tongbaimountain area.

2.2.1.5 23#, 24# and27# RoadSystems

These systems are separatelydistributed in Xinxian, shangchengand Gushi Counties of Xinyang Prefecture.Xinxian County is in the south part of HenanProvince and is adjacentto Provincein the south, with 23# systemgoing in mountainareas where there are many steep slopesand deepgullies with land fluctuating to a great extent. Beingat the southtip of the province, ShangchengCounty is adjacent to Hubei Province in the south and Anhui Provincein the east, with 24# system being in the Taihangmountain area. Gushi County is in the southeast part of Henan Province,with Anhui Province being adjacent in the east. Locatedin the northeastpart of the county, 27# segmentis broken county and is adjacentto HuaiheRiver in the north.

2.2.2 Climatology

All the road systems, except 23#, 24# and 27# systemsdistributed in Xinyang Prefecture,

Page-34 are distributed in the area between the Yellow River and tl. Huaihe River where there is temperate semi-wet continental monsoon climate with 4 distinct seasons. The climatic features include abundantsunlight, concentratedrainfall and consistent rainy and hot days.' In Luoyangand SanmenxiaCities where 5#, 6#, 7#, 12# and 14# systems are located, It is relatively dry becauseof less precipitation.

Being in the areabetween the Yellow River andthe HuaiheRiver, 23#, 24# and 27# systems are subject to wet climatic features, with an annualprecipitation over 1000 mm and a long frost-free period.

2.2.3 EcologicalEnvironment

All of the 26 segmentsincluded in the 12 systemsunder the first batch of RIPAprojects are located mountain areas with favorable ecological conditions and abundant animal/plant resources.With a relatively high vegetationcoverage, water and soil loss is not severehere.

Based on preliminary investigations,there is no rare and endangeredspecies along any of these 26 segments.

2.2.4 Cultural Relics

As verified by archeologicaldepartments, none of these26 segmentswill involveany surface or undergroundcultural relics.

2.2.5 Socioeconomy

All the counties involved in these 26 segmentsare almost poverty counties at the national level, with less advancedeconomy, poor living conditions, lower health care and education levels.These counties are all in mountainswhere the inconvenienttransportation .s oneof the bottlenecks to the local economicdevelopment and livelihoodimprovement.

2.2.6 Atmospheric Air Quality

These 26 road segmentsare all located in mountainareas where there are few air pollution sources. So the air environmentalquality is all superiorto Class II standards.

2.2.7 Surface Water Quality

Surfacewater in the project areasis almost all sourcewater with goodquality which satisfies Class IV water quality standards.In most cases, Class II standardsare satisfied.

2.2.8 EnvironmentalNoise

Without major industrial pollution sources,the local acoustic environmentis in a relatively good situation. All the road segmentsare located in quiet areas.

2.3 PredicatedEnvironmental Impacts

Page-35 2.3.1 CategoryR' rrojects are upgradingand improving of oxisting roads,without large-scale relocationand land acquisitionwork. With lessfarmland destruction, agroecological impacts, if any, will be minor.

2.3.2 In the constructionstage, there may be such environmentalImpacts as dust andnoise due to constructionactivities. SinceCategory B projectshave small earth androck quantities, and the numberof machinesto be usedin constructionactivities will be small,dust andnoise due to construction activities will be very limited.

Type I roads will have asphaltpavement. Asphalt smokewill arise in the tar heating process that the asphaltsmoke will causeenvironmental impacts, though the rangeand magnitudeof such impacts will not be significant.

2.3.3 Inadequateprovision of bridgesand culverts is a commonproblem of the existing roads before upgradedand improved. More bridges and culverts will be providedfor these road segments,so adequateprovision of such will do good to surface run-off improvement.Upon completionof Category B projects, the local surface drainageand irrigationsystems will be considerablyameliorated.

2.3.4 The traffic volume in the operationstage of these CategoryB roadswill not be largil, with an averagebelow 5500 vehicles/dayin the late operation stage. None of these road segmentswill be susceptibleto significant impactsby vehicleexhaust gas. The local air quality superiorto Class II Standardswill not significantly changeas a result of road construction.

Type II roadswill all havemacadam pavemer t with a relative largecoarseness and alsolarge dust content. Traffic noiseand dust will turn outstandingenvironmental issues in the operation stage. All these projectsare located in less populatedmountain areas, however, the targets of such impacts will be few.

2.3.5 Other environmentalimpacts will not be significant in both construction andoperation stages of these road segments.

2.3.6 CategoryB projects, when completed, will promotethe local economicdevelopment and improvethe living standardand health care of the local residents.Also, more education and employmentopportunities will be available.

2.4 Miti3ation Measures

2.4.1 ConstructionStage

2.4.1.1 Dust/Air Pollution

In caseof roadsegments far awayfrom concentratedresidential sites, roadsidemixing of limb- soil materials will be applied; but in case of segmentsclose to villages or concentrated residential sites, central mixing approachwill be adopted, with mixing places being at least 100 m away from such villagesor residentialsites on the lee side of wind direction.

Page-36 Road segmentsunder constructionshould be often watered, especially in the dry season, watering shouldbe doneat leasttwice a day (oncein the morningand once in the afternoon). Material hauling roadsshould be also often watered.

For the construction of Type I projects, central tar heating should be providedwith heating sites at the leewardof residentialareas. If such heatingsite has to be placedwindward of any villageor residentialarea, then a distanceof 200 m, at least, should be arrangedin between.

Constructionmaterials, such as cement,lime andsand, should be coveredand kept at the lee s:de of any villageso as to avoid possibleadverse environmental impacts by dust.

2.4.1.2 Noise

With relatively less equipmentto be usedin construction activities, noiseimpacts will not be significant. In caseof worksitesimmediately adjacent to villagesand concentratedresidential bites, construction work shouldsuspend during nighttime (22:00-6:00).

Machinesand trucks to be engagedin construction activities will keep in good conditionsto reduce noise.

2.4.1.3 Soil Erosion/WaterPollution

All of these 26 roadsegments are located in mountainareas. Adequate attention will be paid in thc constructionstage so as not to causefurther soil erosion.Any greenlandto be usedfor temporary purposeswill be reforestedupon completionof construction activities, and waste land will be planted.

Temporarychannels or conduitswill be constructedto ensuresmooth passage of surfacerun- off (especiallyin flood seasons).Any wastewater due to construction activities will not be directly dischargedinto :urface waters.

All of the bridgesand culvertsto be providedare designedto withstand floods once in 100 years. Spoil will not be stored on riverbedsto prevent interruptio.1oi rivers, ditches and canals.

2.4.1.4 ConstructionCamps

Rubbishbins andsimple sewagetreatnient facilities will be providedfor construction camps. Any rubbishwill not be stored in a willful mannerdomestic sewage will not be dischargedinto surface waters before simply treated.

Constructioncamps for bridgesand culverts will be placedfar away from rivers, ditches and canals to avoid any direct dischargeof domesticsewage into such.

Drinkingwater supply for construction campswill meet the national "Sanitary Standardfor DrinkingWater Quality".

Page-37 2.4.1.5 TransportationManagement/Traffic Safety

Any vehiclesto be usedfor constructionactivities will keepin good conditionsto ensuresafe operation.

Appropriatetransportation plans for constructionmaterials will bedeveloped to provideproper route and time arrangements,and to avoid any traffic congestionon existing roads.

Temporaryroads to be used during constructionwill be providedwith lighting facilities and traffic marks as necessary.

Technicaltraining andtraffic safety educationwill be providedfor driversfor them to closely comply with traffic regulations.

2.4.1.6 ConstructionSafety

Constructionworkers will wear helmetsin their construction operations.

In case of any roadsegment requiring blasting operations, blasting procedures will be followed and separatingmeasures will betaken as necessary.In caseof residentialsite in the vicinity, the residentswill be informed,in advance,for the purposeof temporaryevacuation.

2.4.2 OperationStage

2.4.2.1 Noise/AirPollution

Afforestation on both sides of the roadswill be enhancedto cut down potential air impacts by exhaust gas of vehicles.

Any segmentclose to any villageswill be wateredin dry seasons,at leasttwice a day, namely once in the morningand once in the afternoon,to reduce air impacts by dust.

Use of horns will be prohibitedduring nighttime.

2.4.2.2 Traffic Safety

Roadswill be providedwith traffic marks as necessary.

Managementof vehicleswill be exercisedto keepthem in good conditions.

Training of drivers will be enhancedto avoid any driving without license.

Enhancededucation of traffic safety andtraffic laws/regulationswill be providedfor the local residents.

Trucks to transport cementand lime among other constructionmaterials will be covered and any overloadwill not be allowed.

Page-38 2.4.2.3 Transportationof Toxic and Harmful Materials

Trucks to transport any toxic, harmfuland dangerousmaterials should have permits granted by public security, transportationand fire departments.

In the event of any spill of toxic and harmfulmaterials, or explosionof dangerousmaterials or fire among other traffic accidents, the local fire, public security and environmental protection authorities will be promptlyinformed, such that correctionmeasures will be taken as appropriate.

2.4.2.4 Others

Any construction of new and permanentbuildings will not be allowed in the range 50 m on both sidesof the roads.

Any constructionof new hospitals,school andlarge-scale residential sites will not be allowed in the area 200 m away from the roadsides.

Page-39 , ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR RIPA PROJECTS

3.1 EnvironmentalManagement Organization

3.1.1 The first batchof RIPAprojects involve 10counties distributed in Sanmenxie,Luoyang, ,Nanyang and XinyangCities/Prefectures, namely, Lushi, Songxian, Luanchuan, Lushan,Xinxian, Tongbai, Shangcheng,Xinxian and Gushi.

3.1.2 The city/prefecture communicationsbureaus have their environmentalprotection sections eachof which has 3-4 full-time staff membersresponsible for traffic environmental protection. The principal responsibilitiesinclude:

(a) To implementnational, MOC and provincialtraffic environmentallaws/regulations and policies, to develop detailed rules for such implementationaccording to the local situation;

(b) To be responsiblefor traffic environmentalroutine duties, to wrap up and spread advancedexperience and technologiesof such nature;

(c) To summarizeand report traffic environmentalprotection statistics;

(d) To take part in handlingmajor traffic pollution accidents as appropriate.

(e) To guide and coordinatetraffic environmentalprotection activities, and to organize technical training services for environmentalprotection staff;

(f) To assignenvironmental monitoring tasks in both construction andoperation stages of transportationconstruction projects, andto superviseimplementation thereof;

3.1.3 The transportation bureausof all the 10 counties involved in the first batch of RiPA projects areequipped with trdnsportationenvironmental protection sections each of which has 1-2 full-time environmentalmanagement staff members.

Sinceall thesecounties are in remoteand poormountain areas where there is neitherair-borne nor water-bornetransportation, such environmentalprotection sections are almostdevoted to highway environmentalmanagement of each county. The main responsibilitiesinclude:

(a) To implementnational, MOCand provincialtraffic environmentallaws/regulations and policies, and to apply city/prefecture detailedrules for such implementationto the construction of transportaticn constructionprojects in the county;

(b) To be responsiblefor traffic environmentalroutine duties, to wrap up and spread advancedexperience and technologiesof such nature;

(c) To summarizeand report transportenvironmental statistics on the roadsin the county;

{d) To take part in dealing with traffic pollution accidentsoccurring in the county;

Page-40 (e) To superviseenvironmental monitoring activities to be carried out in both construction and operationstages of highway projectsin the county.

3.2 EnvironmentalManagement Program

3.2.1 The RIPAare proposedto be constructedin a seriesof lots. In the constructionstage, each lot will assigna full-time environmentalmanagement staff memberto be responsiblefor the implementationof mitigation measuresin his lot, and to assist the full-time staff member of the aforesaid environmentalprotection section in properly conducting environmental protection work in his lot.

3.2.2 In the operationstage, each segmentwill havea roadmaintenance squad with a part- time environmentalmanagement staff memberto be responsiblefor the implementationot various mitigationmeasures in his lot, andto assistthe full-time staff memberof the aforesaid environmentalprotection sections in properly carrying out environmentalprotection work in his lot.

3.3 EnvironmentalManagament Network

Upon completion of these RIPAroads, an environmentalmanagement network, under the leadership of the environmentalprotection division of Henan Provincial Communications Department,will be formed as shown in Figure3-3-1.

Page-41 Figure 3-3-1 Environmental Management Network of RIPA Projects

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION DIVISION OF I HENAN PROVINCIAL COXMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT

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Page-42 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM FOR RIPA PROJECTS 4.1 Environmental Monitoring Organization 4.1.1 Since the RIPA projects cover a large areas, environmental monitoringin constructionand operationstages will be entrustedto the local environmental monitoring stations which will be supervised by the environmentalprotection sectionsof county transportationbureaus and the higher-levelcity/prefecture transportation bureaus. 4.1.2 Full-scaleexamination of the local environmentalmonitoring stations,before entrustedwith monitoringassignmients, will be exercised to see if their equipment/instrument,expertise, personnel constitution and quality are adequateto satisfythe requirementsfor such monitoring in constructionand operationstages. 4.2 Environmental Monitoring Program 4.2.1 Environmental monitoring in both construction and operation stages will be devoted to such environmental elements as air, noise and surface waters. 4.2.2 Analysis methodology, data processing mode, submission frequency and format will be aJ!rspecifiedby the environmental monitoring center of Henan Provincial Communications Department, for the purpose of facilitating monitoring data summarization and interpretation. 4.2.3 The environmental monitoring program for the construction stage of RIPA projects is 06'shown in Table 4-2-1 in which the road segments requiring ad hoc monitoring of asphalt smoke refer to the asphalt-pavedsegments under the first batch RIPA projects,including 12 segments in 8 counties, namely, 5-1X and 6-1# in Luanchuan, 7-1# in Songxian, 12-l# in Lushi, 16-1# in Lushan, 18-1# in Xinchuan, 22-1#, 22- 2# and 22-3# in Tongbai, 23-1# in Xinxian and 27-1# in Gushi. 4.2.4 Table 4-2-2 illustrates the environmental monitoring program for the operation stage of these RIPA roads. 4.3 Reporting Process of Environmental Monitoring Data The reporting process of environmental monitoring data is as shown in Figure 4-3-1.

Page-43 Table 4-2-1 Environmental Monitoring Program for Construction Stage of RIPA Roads

segment o0. Environmental Element Monitoring Point Monitoring Item Time & Frequency Monitor Supervisor 7-23. 7-33. 12-26. Air 2-3 sites in work areas and TSP, dust TSP: 4 times a year, 5 days County Local 12-33t 14-13. 14-21t nearby villages each time, 4 times a day Environmental Environ2ental 14-33, 14-4t. 16-22, (7:00. 11:00. 15o00. 20:00); Monitoring Protection 16-33t 21-33. 22-43, Dust: on a monthly basis in Station Section 23-23, 23-33t 23-43, construction stage 24-113 24-23. 24-33. 27-2, altogether 19 _ 5-13, 6-14, 7-13, 12- Air 1-2 sites in work areas, 1-2 TSP, dust. TSP & dust: ditto; ditto ditto it, 16-13. 18-13. 21- sites in nearby villages asphalt smoke Asphalt smcke: at TSP 23, 22-13, 22-23 22- (cequency 33, 23-13, 27-1lt altogether 12

All 31 Systems Noise 3-4 sites in work areas and Environrmental 6 times a year on a ditto ditto nearby villages noise L, (day & bimonthly b3sis, 1 day each nighttime) time (day & nighttime). alsc ad hoc moni:oring

73 Road System River Yihe River; Liziping section; pH. SS. COD. DO. 3 tilej a year (each in dry, ditto ditto Chantang River: Shimen section; BOD,, oil, Pb. wet and average seasons) ______Ruhe River: Hingbaichuan sectior volatile phenol 143 Road System River Jianhie River: 100 a upstream & ditto ditto ditto ditto downstream of bridge _

213 Road System River Laoguan River: Laojunmiao ditto ditto ditto ditto section

Page-44 Table 4-2-2 Environmental Monitoring Program for Operation Stage tnvironmentai ziecent begmenh7o. HonltOrlng sire lCe 6 trequency OnInoring .nea MAlTfolr sUFervlsor 5-18 Huangtuling Village T.S.P. NO,, CO 4 times a year, 5 days each Local Local -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~tire.4 ecIh daY 7: 0., 11:00, Environmental Environmental 6-11 Xiashongping Village 15:00, 20:00) Mnitoring Protection 7-l Licun Xiang Government Station Section 7-34 Shimen Village 7-2t hingbaichuan Village 12-Is Lushi County Government, Wulichuan Village 12-2t Panhe Xiang Government 12-38 Shitiping Xiang Government 16-Il Luzhuang Village, Shimudiva Village 16-28 Tumen Xiang Government 16-31 Hazhuang Village Is-lI Zhangthuang 21-21 Xinchuan County Government 21-13 Laocheng Township. Shengwan Xiang Govern. Air 14-1I Guoyuan Xiang Government 14-21 Hongyang Xiang Government 14-31 Tianchi Xiang Government 14-41 Duzhong Xiang Government 22-1i Guxian Township Government 22-2i Guoyuan Xiang Government 22-38 Huanggang Xiang Government 22-41 Zhuzhuang Xiang Government 23-li Wuchenghe Xiang Government, Baishuvan 23-28 Tangjiawan 23-3i Hejiashan 23-41 Niucong 24-11 Daquandian Xiang Government 24-28 hivan, Huangbainhan Forest Farm 24-3i Xiangzigang 27-lI Renzhao Village 27-23 Xuji Xiang Govern. Chenji Xiang Govern. Environmental Noise Same segments and points as those for air monitoring. Environmental noise 4 times a year. 1 day each ditto ditto L. at day & nighttim time (once in moring & once in afternoon), also ad hoc ______mo______monitoring 71 System fYihe River: Liziping Section; pH, SS, DO, COD, 3 times a year (once in dry, ditto ditto Chantang River: himen Section; BOO,, volatile wet & average seasons) Ruhe River: Hingbaichuan Section phenol, oil, Pb Surface Water 143 System Jianhe River: 2 sections (100 m upstream & downstream of the bridge) 213 System Laoguanhe River: Laojunmiao Section

Page-45 Figure 4-3-1 Reporting Process of Environmental Monitoring Data

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EP SECTION OF _EP SECTION OF EP SECTIOIN SPECTION OF EP SECT:IO OF LUOYANG CITY SANMENXIA CITY OP PINGDINGSHAN NANYANG CITY XINYANG PREFECTURE TRANSPORT BUREAU TRANSPORT BUREAU TRANSPORT BUREAU TRANSPORT BUREAU TRANSPORT BUREAU

HP SEP P SECTIOPETN P sECTION P ION P SEP SECTION| SEP SECTION EP SECTION OF LUANXIAN OF SONGXIAN OF LUSH OF HIANCHI OF LUSHAN OF XINCHUAN OF TONBA OF XINXIANO IOF SHAWGCHENG OF GUSHI TRANSPORT TRANSPORT RANOR TRANS PORT TRANS T TTRANSPORT TRANSPORT BUREAU BUREAU BUREAU BUUREAU BUREAU BREAU BUREAU BUREAU BUREAU BUREAU

|LUANCHUAN I ISHONGXIAN I |LUSHI IANCHI LUSHAN XINCHUAN TONGBAI XINXIAN I GUss}ChGWSHI IEH STATIONI IEM STATIONI IEH£4EMSTATSTATION IE ST STAT ON EM STAT| SEM STION IEMEN STATION STATION 15-1 0 1 7-12 12-1# 11-1# 16-1 21-2 1 - 23-1 24-19 27-1 I 6-1# 7-21 12-20 14-2# 16-20 21-3# 22-2# 23-2# 24-2 27-25 7-3# 12-3# 14-3# 16-3# -3# 23-39 24-3 114-4 1 18-1# -4# 23-45

NOTE: EM=environmental monitoring EP=environmental protection

Page-46 5, TRAININGPROGRAM FOR RIPA ROADS 5.1.1 Henan ProvincialCommunications Department and Henan ProvincialEnvironmental Protection Agency will arrange training service for the full-time staff of the transport environmental protection sections of Sanmenxia,Luoyang, Pingdingshan,Nanyang and Xinyangtransport bureaus,such that they will be familiar with national, MOC and provincial environmentallaws/regulations and policies. Also, training servicewill providethem a change to learn environmentalexpertise, basic theories and scientific environmentalmanagement skills, to know the features of transport environmentalissues and to gain some organization and coordinationcompetency. 5.1.2 Such full-time staff at county level will be arrangedby the upper level citylprefecture transport environmentalprotection bureausto familiarizethese staff memberswith relevant environmentallaws/regulations and policies of the State, MOC and province, as well as detailedrules for the implementationthereof as developedby upperenvironmental authorities. Training is also an approachfor such staff membersto learn environmentalknowledge and highway project-related environmental features, to master environmental management methodologiesand to carry out detailed environmentalmanagement operations. 5.1.3 It will be the responsibilityof the local city/prefecture transport bureausto arrange training service for the part-time environmentalstaff membersassigned by each lot in the construction stage. Beingwell awareof the featuresof correspondinglots, such memberswill understandthe objectivesof variousmitigation measures proposed for the constructionstage, so they will assist the above-mentionedfull-time membersin supervisingthe implementation of such mitigation measuresin constructionoperations. Trainingservice for these part-timemembers will be providedprior to commencementof each project. 5.1.4 In the operationperiod, training service for the part-time environmentalstaff provided for each road maintenancesquad will be arranged by the local city/prefecture transport bureaus.The purposeis to familiarizethese staff memberswith different mitigation measures proposedfor the operationstage so that they will be able to provide the full-time members with helpful assistancein proper implementationof such measures. 5.2 Trainingfor EnvironmentalMonitoring Staff Joint efforts will be made by HenanProvincial Environmental Monitoring Centerand Henan Provincial Transport EnvironmentalMonitoring Center to provide training service for the environmentalmonitoring staff in both constructionand operationperiods. Such training will cover environmentalmonitoring items for both periods, monitoringprinciples, analysis/work methodologies,quality control measures,data processingand relevant monitoringtheories. The monitoringstaff will be competentfor their responsibilities,correct andreliable monitoring data will be readyfor use.

Page-47 APPENDIXA Key Elements of the Environmental Action Plan (EAP) of Road Improvement Program for Poverty Alleviation EnvironmentalIssue Action Taken/ToBe Taken ResDonsibilitv Sunerisor A. DesignPhase

1. Alignment(Category Everyeffort will be madeto avoid concentratedresidential sites Designer The local transportation, A Projectsonly) farmland;to make full use of the local topography;to connect environmentalprotection, as many villagesas possiblebut to avoidlarge scale relocation project designreviewing for the purposeof bringingthe project benefitsto full play. departments 2. Soil Erosion To take engineeringand biologicalmeasures for the purposeof slopestability; to take protectionmeasures, in caseof road segmentsin mountainareas, for preventinglandslide and debris flow; Temporarydrainage systems will be constructedduring construction of bridges/culverts;provision of bridgestculvertswill not alter the hydrologicalregime of the existing rivers, ditches and canals, and will minimizepossible destruction of the existingdrainage and irrigationsystems. 3. SubgradeSoil Works Borrow areaswill be identifiedin the land acquisitionarea as many as possibleso as to minimizefarmland destruction. 4. Afforestation To improveafforestation design schemesfor slopesand sideditches, and to incorporateaesthetic effect into the afforestationdesign. B. ConstructionPhase

1.Land Resources Protection .rarmland,especially quality farmland,will be used as less as Contractor Localenvironmental possible;to afforest the land for temporaryuse of construction, protection,transportation regardlessof greenlandor wasteland. bureaus 2. ConstructionCamps Garbagewill be collectedin garbagecans in fixed placesand simply disposedof beforedischarged regularly; Dom stic wastewater and any other contributionsby construction campswill be simply disposedof beforedischarged;

Page-48 EnvironmentalIssue Action Taken/ToBe Taken Responsibility Sunervisor Excretain constructioncamps will be treatedin a simple way beforedischarged; Drinkingwater will meet the nationaldrinking water standards. 3. Water Pollution Duringconstruction of bridges/culverts,debris and spoil materials will not be allowedto rivers and canals; campsfor br.dge/culvert constructionwill be placedfa; from rivers; any waste water will not be directly dischargedinto any r.:ajorrivers. 4. Air Pollution For road segmentsfar away from villageb,.oadside mixing of limb- soil materialswill be applied;but in caseof segmentsclose to villages,central mixing approachwill be adopted,with mixing placesbeing at the lee side of villages;if such mixing place has to be placedwindward of villages,it will be at least 200 m away; For the constructionasphalt-paved road segments, central tar heating will be providedwith heatingsites at the leewardof villagesnearby; if such heatingsite has to be placedwindward of any village, then a distanceof 200 m, at least, should be arrangedin between; Work areasand temporaryroads for materialtransportation will be often watered,especially in the dry season,watering shouldbe done at least twice a day (oncein the morningand once in the afternoon). 5. Noise During constructionof any road segmentclose to any village, work will be suspendedat night houses122:00-6:00). 6. ConstructionSafety Temporaryroads to be used for materialhauling will be providedwith lighting facilitiesand traffic marks,as necessary,to prevent possible traffic accidents; Constructionworkers will wear helmetsin their constructionoperations; For any roadsegment requiring blasting operations,blasting procedures will be closely followed: warning limits will be identifiedand people evacuationwill be carriedout prior to any blastingoperations.

Page-49 Environmental Issue Action TakenfTo Be Taken Responsibilitv Supervisor C. OQer[p;onPhase

1. Noise/Air Pollution At roads adjacent to villages, use of horns will be minimized or Traffic police prohibited during night hours;

Macadam road segments close to villages will be often watered; Maintenance squad in dry seasons, watering will be done at least twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon) for minimizing air pollution by dust;

Roadsides will be planted to reduce adverse environmental impacts by traffic noise and vehicle exhaust.

2. Transportation of Toxic Trucks to transport any toxic, harmful and dangerous materials Public security, HarmNil Materials will have permits granted by public security, transportation and traffic police, fire departments; fire, environmental protecticn departments In the event of any traffic or pollution accidents, the local traffic police, fire, public security and environmental protection authorities will be promptly informed.

3. Miscellaneous Duing and after construction of the RIPA roads, new permanent Highway management. buildings will not be allowed to be built in the range 10 m from land management the roadsides; new hospitals, schools and concentrated residential departments sites will not be built in the 200 m away from the roadsides.

To ensure close compliance with traffic regulations, any driving Public security, without license, driving in drunk conditions and overloading will be traffic police strictly prohibited, and enhanced education of traffic regulations departments will be provided for the residents in the vicinity of the roads.

Page-50 EnvironmentalIssue Action Taken/ToBe Taken D. EnvironmentalMonitoring 1. Air Quality (1) ConstructionPhase: a. Monitoringitem: T.S.P. dust, asphaltsmoke (asphalt-paved roads); b. Monitoringfrequency: 4 times a year, 5 dayseach time, 4 times a day (T.S.P.asphalt smoke), once a month for dust; c. Monitoringsite: work areasand villagesnearby; 12)Operation Phase a. Monitoringitem: T.S.P. NO,, CO; b. Monitoringfrequency: 4 times a year, 5 days eachtime, 4 times day; c. Monitoringsite: to be determinedas appropriate; 2. Noise (1) ConstructionPhase a. Monitoringfrequency: 6 times/year(every 2 months), 1 day each time (once at day and once at night hours), and ad hoc monitoring; b. Monitoringsite: work areasand villagesnearby; (2) OperationPhase a. Monitoringfrequency. 4 times a year, 1 day each time (onceat day and once at night hours),also ad hoc monitoring; b. Monitoringsite: to be determinedwith referencewith air monitoringsites for operationphase; 3. SurfaceWater (1) Monitoringitem: pH, SS, COD,BODs, DO, volatile phenol,oil, Pb; (2) Monitoringfrequency: 3 times a year (once in each of dry, we+and averageseasons); (3) Arrangementof rivers & sectionsto be monitored:to determinein line with detailedfeatures of rivers. NOTE:Analysis methodologiesto be used for environmentalmonitoring purposes will be identified,by HenanProvincial Transportation Environmental MonitoringCenter, according to the Specificationfor EnvironmentalMonitoring', 'Analysis Methodologyfor EnvironmentalMonitoring' and relevant analysismetrologies and standards.

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