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HENAN-11 HIGHWA Y PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized ROAD IMPROVEMENTPROGRAM FOR POVERTYALLEVIATION (FIRST BATCH) E 0 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTALEVALUATION Public Disclosure Authorized orri *@ co Public Disclosure Authorized Henan Provincial Environmental Protection Institute September, 1995 Public Disclosure Authorized ~-= e Tableof Contents Introduction 1. EnvironmentalImpact Assessmentof CategoryA Projects 1.1 Project Description 1.2 Brief Descriptionof Phy3ioenvironmentaland SocioeconomicSituation 1.3 SectoralEnvironmental Setting 1.4 EnvironmentalImpact Assessment 1.5 MitigationMeasures 1.6 Public Consultation 2. EnvironmentalAction Planof CategoryB Projects 2.1 ProjectDescription 2.2 EnvironmentalSetting 2.3 PredictedEnvironmental Impacts 2.4 Mitigation Measures 3. EnvironmentalManagement Program for RIPAProjects 3.1 Institutional Arrangementsfor EnvironmentalManagement Organization 3.2 EnvironmentalManagement Network 4. EnvironmentalMonitoring Program for RIPAProjects 5. TrainingProgram for RIPAProjects AppendixA Key Elementsof the EnvironmentalAction Plan (EAP)of Road Improvement Programfor Poverty Alleviation INTROODUCTION The road improvementprogram for poverty alleviation (RIPA)is an integral part of HenanII Highway Project. The first batch of such projects involve 31 road segmentsincluded in 12 systems distributedin 10 poverty counties in 5 cities andprefectures of HenanProvince. See Table 1 for brief descriptionsand Map 1 for locationsof these projects. Thesesegments are small in size and at low grades.Out of the 31 segments,5 (with a grand length of 80 km) are to be newly constructed,while the rest 26 segments(with a total length of 766 km) are upgradingof existing roads.The total cost of these segmentsis estimatedat 301.05 million RMB. Sincethese road segmentsare large in numberand most of them are upgradingof existing roads,the sectoralenvironmental assessment approach is proposedto be applied. In line with project descriptionsand field surveys, these projects are classified into two categories,namely, Category A projects: those which may have potentially significant environmental impacts. This category includes new road construction,upgrading of existing roads with substantial widening and land acquisition,and other road upgradingprojects passingthrough environmentallyspecial ares such as natural reserves,sanatoriums, historical sites and cultural relics. CategoryB projects:those which are not expectedto have significant environmental impacts. This categoryincludes widening, improvingand upgradingof existing roads without substantialland acquisitionand relocation. For Category A projects, both EIAsand EAPsare required, but Category B projectsonly need EAPs. As screenedand identified,the first batch RIPAprojects under HenanII Highway Projectare classified as shown in Table2. Laws/regulationsand standardsrelated to the first batch RIPAroads under HenanII Highway Project are as follows: Laws and Reoulations (a) EnvironmentalProtection Law of the People'sRepublic of China (PRC); (b) Air PollutionControl Law of PRC; (c) Water PollutionControl Law of PRC; (d) Noise Control Regulationof PRC; (e) Cultural RelicsPreservbaion Law of PRC; Page-1 (f) Land ManagementLaw of PRC; (g) EnvironmentalProtection ManagementMeasures for Construction Projects (NEPA document No. 003, 1986); (h) EnvironmentalProtection Management Measures for Transportation Construction Projects (MOCdocument No. 17, 1990); (i) Regulationson EnvironmentalProtection of ConstructionProjects in HenanProvince. EnvironmentalStandards As agreedby the local environmentalprotection agencies,environmental standards applied to the EIA of RIPAprojects are as follows: (a) Class II standardsof AtmosphericAir QualityStandards (GB3095-82); (b) Class IV standardsof (ClassII standardsfor schoolsand hospitals)of NoiseStandards for UrbanAreas (GB3096-93);and (c) Class IV standardsof SurfaceWater QualityStandards (GPt3838-88). Page-2 Table 1 Summaryof RIPAProject Descriptions Prefecture County System No. Segment SegmentNo. Length (kml Natur Class 5 Heyu-Tlanqleoogou 5-1 14 Upgreding IlI Luenchuan 6 Miaozi-Linzikou 6-1 19 Upgrading III Luoyang Meidallng-Lishujlie 7-1 23 Upgrading III Shongxian 7 Balhe-Balyunshen 7-2 25 New Unclassified Muzhijie-Chentang 7-3 18 New Unclassifled Lushl-Wulichuan 12.1 52 Upgrading IV Lushl 12 BbaoBshan-Mutong 12-2 23 Upgrading Unclassified Xleohemisn-Shiziping 12-3 19 Upgrading Unclassifled Sanmonxia Guoyuen-Tianchl 14.1 24 Upgrading Unclossifled Tianchl-Hongyang 14-2 12 New Unclassified Mlanchl 14 - Tienchi-Ylma 14.3 10 New Unclassified Changcun-Ochi 144 22 Upgrading Unclassified Shimudiwa-Nandi 16-1 46 Upgrading Ill 16 Zhnocun-Tumen 16-2 22 Upgrading Unclassified Pingdingshon Lushan Guabeishl-Mazhuang 16-3 15 Upgrading Unclassified 18 Baolicang-Shimudiwa 18-1 35 Upgrading IlI Xinchuen-Muiche 21-2 24 New Unclassified Xinchuan 21 Laoguanha-Canglang 21-3 119 Upgrading Unclassified Xuantanmino-Yuehe 22-1 44 Upgrading IV Nanyang Tongbai-Tongjiahe 22-2 11 Upgrading Unclassified Tongbai 22 MDoji-Xinhc 22-3 16 Upgrading Unclassified Huanggang-Tongjiahe 224 29 Upgrading Unclassified Suhe-Shawo 23-1 66 Upgrading IV Guanyintang-Cafang 23-2 28 Upgrading Unclassified Xinxian 23 Wangfan-Hejiashan 23-3 9 Upgrading Unclassified Liufan-Niucong 23-4 8 Upgrading Unclassified Xinyang Wanggang-Changzhuyuan 24-1 31 Upgrading Unclassified Shangcheng 24 Daquandian-Yangiiawan 24-2 19 Upgrading Unclassified Changzhuyuan-Huangbaishan 24-3 18 Upgrading Unclassified Jiangji-Xuji 27-1 12 Upgrading Unctassified Shigu 27 Qiaogou-Ouanhepu 27-2 31 Upgreding Unclassified Page-3 Table2 Categorizationof RIPAProjects Category SystemNo. SegmentNo. 5 5-1 6 6-1 7 7-1 12 12-1,12-2,12-3 14 14-1,14-4 16 16-1,16-2,16-3 18 18B-1 2 1 21-3 22 22-1, 22-2, 22-3, 22-4 23 23-1, 23-2, 23-3, 23-4 24 24-1, 24-2, 24-3 ____________ 27 27-1,27-2 7 7-2, 7-3 14 14-2, 14-3 21 21-2 Page-4 !Oo~.~qn~ II-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:- 'I ~~~~~1~~~~~ez~~~~~~~~~ /1 1 -w'~~~~~. -- ~~~r----~~A ~~~'i-T~- Go ns 3fun.n 1 ~I Ct M ~~~Ai.~~~~~~no~~~~~n~~~ 1 -xxam -- AppanoII~~~~~r~~~ ' ~ 1S . ........ -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~gg 1 r oHAi unnwLzoldm isI; 4;'O 1?E>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'3 ti r14IIIs} ,y . =,.a_: ~~~111 r ,2z;, ^: ,Elos,.I" ffI t 1>I'Y':-,I Ise"uawa Cn-> | ~~~~~fi it1jwt'No "Oofio)p-4,. fj11147 iw ri Mqo10{ ts !lll4 I," j8 e 11) iSS llb!lo I *1emf I 4/; J} '9tR oug > . , v t!0'; ld~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ifsgt;q J l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-Ir4PoIo IsrP 2) *i , -M.z lI VItd \\ e:ieToX a \, 6iS 1o %<v~~I 14 At r t d>4;§;i;li>w llfl .2 ,>jK . 2°;-------- -/-- -%.-. !f01W'> ) <. > WOWo e!Bu4 1, ENVIRONMENTALIMPACT ASESSMENI OF CATEGORYA PROJECTS (IncludIng5 RoadSeaments In a Systems) 1.1 ProjectDescription 1.1.1 7# RoadSystem This system includes altogether 2 CategoryA projects, namely, 7-2# and 7-#, which are distributed in ShongxianCounty of LuoyangCity. 1.1.1.1 Locationand Alignment 7-2# Segment{Baihe-Baiyunshen): Starting at Tianqiaogouin the southwestpart of Shongxian County, this roadgoes southwest along the BaiheRiver for 9 km to reachthe BaiheRiver, and then it stretches 16 km before it ends at Baiyunshanclose to Tudimiaogou.The total length is 25 km. 7-2# Segment(Muzhijia-Chantang): The start point is at Muzhijie Xiang which is located at k44 + 050 of the road from Luhun reservo.rto Checun Village. Going southwest along the ChantangRiver to pass by Getashang,Shimen and Hengchunao,this segmentcovers 18 km before it ends at ChantangVillage. 1.1.1.2 Main TechnicalIndices and Work Quantities The main technical andwork quantitiesof 7-2# and 7-3# segmentsincluded in 7# system are as delineatedin Table 1-1-1. 7-2 segmentis partly upgradingof existing road. Its newly constructedpart will be basedon the existing non-all-weatherearth subgrade which will be widenedto 6.5 m. Also, the surface condition will be improvedfor the earth roadto be turned into an all-weathersegment. As a matter of fact, this segmentis just as a new project. As for 7-3# segment,there exists a subgradewhich is only 3 m wide. As a simple path, the existing road makes it impossiblefor vehiclesto pass on in case of rainy days. Also, there is adequate provision of bridges and culverts. This proposed project involves widening the subgradeto 6.5 m, additional provision of bridges/culvertsand improvementof the road surface. In this way, it will turn an all-weatherroad. This segmentis also consideredas a new project. 7-2# segment includes 9 km along the Baihe River, while 7-3# segment goes along the ChantangRiver at its full length of 18 km. The designlife spanof both 7-2# and 7-3# segmentsis 15 years. 1.1.1.3 ConstructionSchedule Preparationworks of both 7-2# and 7-3# segmentswill be completedby the year of 1995. Both segments,started in early 1995, will be completedto be opento traffic in late 1996. Page-5 1.1.2 14# Road System This system consists of 14-2# and 14-3# segmP:its both of which are Category A projects and are located in Mianchi County. 1.1.2.1 Location and Alignment 14-2# Segment (Tianchi-Hongyang): Starting at Tianchi Xiang which lies in the southeast of Mianchi County, it leads northeast to pass across the Jianhe River and Long-Hai railway, then it trends north to and at Hongyang Xiang in the east of the county which it connects national road No. 310. The total length is 12 krr. 14-3# Segment (Tianchi-Yima): Covering a total length of 10 km, it starts at Tianchi Xialig, links 14-4# segment (Category A project) and then and ends at the south part of Yima City. Table 1-1-1 Main Technical Indices and Work Quantities of Newly-Constructed Segments Included in 7# Road System Segment No. Parameter Unit 7-2# 7-3# Class of Road Out of Class Out of Class Type of Pavement Macadam Macadam Length of Segment km 25 18 Width of Subgrade m 6.5 6.5 width of Surface m 4.0 4.0 Load of Bridge/Culvert , ruck-1 3, Trailer-60 Truck-1 3. Trailer-60 Middle/Small Bridge m/Number 90/3 6013 Culvert m/Number 675/75 486_5_t 3 Earth Work Quantity 1 04 m 6.25 4.5 3 Rock Work Quantit 1 04 m 21 .25 12.0 Table 1-1-2 Predicted Traffic Volumes of 7-2# and 7-3# Segments unit: vehicle/day (absolute number) Traffic Volume Segment No.
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  • Treatment of the Uyghur Ethnic Group in the People's Republic of China

    Treatment of the Uyghur Ethnic Group in the People's Republic of China

    Report for U.S. Department of Justice LL File No. 2015-011997 Treatment of the Uyghur Ethnic Group in the People’s Republic of China March 2015 The Law Library of Congress, Global Legal Research Center (202) 707-6462 (phone) • (866) 550-0442 (fax) • [email protected] • http://www.law.gov Treatment of the Uyghur Ethnic Group in the People’s Republic of China Staff of the Global Legal Research Center SUMMARY Members of the Uyghur ethnic group in China are identifiable by their Islamic religion, cultural heritage, traditional clothing, diet, language, and appearance. Uyghurs primarily reside in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) of northwestern China. However, a 2010 population census found a total of 68,000 Uyghurs living in other areas of China as well. Despite legal protections for freedom of religion, speech, publication, assembly, association, procession, and demonstration, central and regional authorities are reportedly combating “religious extremism” in the XUAR as a means of maintaining stability, leading to concerns that the exercise of lawful rights is being restricted. Similarly, protections for ethnic minority languages and cultural identities are provided by the Constitution and a series of laws and regulations, and government authorities have been promoting “bilingual education” in the XUAR. However, some Uyghurs fear that the policy aims at assimilating young Uyghurs into Han Chinese society at the expense of their Uyghur identity. Violent clashes involving political or ethnic tensions in the XUAR or involving Uyghurs outside of the XUAR reportedly included attacks committed by Uyghurs, with attackers convicted in court of terror-related crimes. Rights advocates and analysts located outside of China, however, have raised concerns that authorities are using excessive force against Uyghur protesters and that officials fail to distinguish between violence and terrorism versus peaceful dissent.