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National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Program—Millbury Cape Case

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National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Program—Millbury Cape Case Case Study National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Program Millbury Cape Millbury, Massachusetts Photo courtesy of the homeowner PrOject PrOfile Overview Project Team: Synergy Companies Construction, This Cape Cod style house was built in 1953. While the LLC, General Contractor; Wilson owners had made interior improvements and necessary Bros. Heating & Air Conditioning, repairs in the 25 years since they purchased the house, Inc, HVAC Contractor; Building they now wanted to do some exterior upgrades and at the Science Corporation; National Grid, same time tighten up the house in keeping with their long- Massachusetts standing goal of becoming energy efficient and reducing their impact on the environment. Location: Millbury, Massachusetts This project was among the first to be accepted into the National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit (DER) Pilot program Description: which provides financial incentives and technical support Exterior-only enclosure renovation 1 to residential retrofit projects that commit to achieving of 1 /2 story single family home with significant energy reduction. As the technical support 1,100 ft2 living space and conditioned team for the National Grid DER Pilot program, Building basement. Science Corporation (BSC) works with the retrofit Completion Date: projects to ensure that their retrofit plans can meet the December 2010 desired energy, durability, health and safety goals. Estimated Annual Energy Savings: In order to reach the goals of a DER, the overall retrofit Projected 58% energy use reduction strategy was to apply exterior insulating sheathing to compared to the pre-retrofit residence the walls and roof, replace the existing windows with high performance windows, and insulate the basement. Since nearly all of the work was exterior, the owners were able to stay in their home throughout the retrofit project. Rev. 11/2011 © buildingscience.com National Grid Deep Energy Retrofi t Pilot Program: Millbury Cape 2 BuilDer PrOfile Design ParaMetric stuDy Of sOurce energy use Synergy Companies Construction LLC specializes in zero and low energy new construction, Deep Energy Retrofi ts, remodeling, customized effi cient insulating, weatherproofi ng, and solar energy systems for both residential and commercial projects. The specialists at Wilson Brothers HVAC, Inc are highly trained and very knowledgeable about energy- effi cient, top quality equipment from the best manufacturers in the business. Image from BSC generated by NREL’s BEOpt 1.0 for retrofi ts ParticiPating PrOgraMs & The overall retrofi t strategy for the The project replaced the existing 30+ enclosure for this project was to fi rst year old oil boiler and four window air certificatiOns wrap the above-grade portion of conditioners with a mini-split heat pump the house, including the roof, with a system to provide heating and cooling continuous air barrier and then to wrap it using two small ducted air handlers— again in continuous layers of insulation. one in the basement and the other in Since the wall framing cavities already kneewall space—and a single outdoor U.S. Department of Energy’s contained batt insulation and adding heat pump condensing unit. During the Building America Program insulation to the rafter bays could easily winter, the owners had often preferred be accomplished in the unfi nished attic, using their pellet stove for heating. By U.S. Environmental the combination of exterior insulation providing an airtight door and adding Protection Agency and cavity insulation satisfi ed the R-40 supply and exhaust ducts that connected ® ENERGY STAR and R-60 DER targets for the walls and directly to the outside, they were able Program roof respectively. Once the additional to keep the pellet stove and use it as a roof assembly was in place, eave and backup heating system. rake overhangs were built and attached to the building structure through the As the fi rst in their neighborhood to insulating sheathing. This simple action undergo a DER, this project serves as of adding overhangs results in a major a demonstration for other homeowners improvement in water management that this type of house can be made which the original house was lacking energy effi cient without making other major changes. Deep Energy Retrofi t Pilot Program and is a signifi cant durability upgrade. For more information, go to To complete the enclosure During the course of the project the www.powerofaction.com/der improvements, the windows were owners decided to enlarge an existing replaced with new triple glazed windows, shed dormer on the second fl oor which nd fi ber cement board siding was installed increased their 2 fl oor living space. over a drainage/ventilation gap, and the This highlights another justifi cation for a basement was insulated by applying retrofi t project—use home improvement insulation to the interior of the concrete projects as an opportunity to improve foundation walls and over the existing energy effi ciency and durability or, as in basement slab. this case, vice versa. National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Program: Millbury Cape 3 enclOsure Design uRoof Assembly: Compact (unvented) roof assembly with 1 existing rafter bays filled with spray foam and with two 2” layers of foil-faced polyisocyanurate exterior insulating sheathing. 1 vWall Assembly: Existing wall framing cavities already contained batt insulation; two 2” layers of foil-faced polyisocyanurate exterior insulating sheathing were applied to the outside. wWindow Specifications: New Paradigm triple glazed, argon-filled, 3 low E double hung vinyl windows; 2 U=0.25, SHGC=0.25. xInfiltration: Self-adhering membrane over existing roof sheathing provides air control in field of roof; house wrap applied shingle style, with seams and edges taped, over the existing wall sheathing provides air control in the field of the wall; roofing membrane 3 overlaps onto the house wrap to 4 establish continuity of the air barrier 2 system; air barrier system transitions through the mudsill to the spray foam insulation on the inside; this connects with the taped insulation board that is applied to the inside of the basement wall. yFoundation Assembly: 4 Conditioned basement with 3” rigid polyisocyanurate insulation applied 5 to the concrete foundation walls; to provide insulation for the concrete slab as well as provide some water management capacity, a drainage mat was placed over the existing slab, followed by polyethylene vapor barrier and then rigid insulation; a floating subfloor completes the new 5 floor assembly. National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Program: Millbury Cape 4 Mechanical Design 1 2 uHeating and Cooling: Mini- split heating and cooling heat pump system with two ducted air handlers and one outdoor unit; one air handler is located in the basement and one is in kneewall space; direct vented pellet stove is available as backup for heat. vVentilation: An outdoor air 3 4 supply is integrated with each air handler; outdoor air intake ducts are provided with ventilation controllers and mechanical dampers; spot exhaust fans are provided in the bathrooms. wSpace Conditioning Distribution: Insulated sheet metal trunks with insulated flex xDHW: Instantaneous propane run-outs; entire distribution system water heater. within thermal enclosure; ductwork Lighting: ENERGY STAR® CFL in basement ceiling for basement lighting. air handler; ductwork in attic and kneewall space for the second floor Appliances: No change at this time. air handler. cOnstructiOn box wrapped in “a blanket of insulation” arrangement complicated the coordination as described by the owner. There was a effort and caused the construction phase The construction process for the above delay, however, when some significant to last longer than originally anticipated. grade portion of the house was fairly water damage was discovered after the This highlights one of the difficulties that straightforward, especially since the siding was removed. The repairs, along can be experienced, especially with HVAC contractors were experienced with with the new overhangs that provide a work, in DER projects. To attain significant applying exterior insulating sheathing in robust water management system, will energy use reduction, new design and other projects. Since the existing house ensure the durability of the wall structure. non-standard approaches are required for had no overhangs and was of a compact the HVAC component of the project. It is form, once the siding and shingles were For this project, the HVAC contractor was best for the HVAC system designer to be stripped off of the board sheathing, it didn’t not a subcontractor to the builders but an integral part of the project team from take long before the house looked like a instead was contracted by the owner. This the start. Photo courtesy of the homeowner National Grid Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot Program: Millbury Cape 5 0.25 cfm50 per ft2 but is slightly higher testing than the National Grid DER Pilot target 2 During the project, BSC visited the site of 0.1 cfm50 per ft . to observe the implementation of the measures included as National Grid MOving fOrwarD incentives in the project. This included inspection of installed window details There is a large existing stock of houses and of insulating sheathing as well that are similar in age, style, and condition as verifying that the new mechanical to the pre-retrofit version of this house. equipment was operational. These houses have provided compact but comfortable living conditions for After the renovation was substantially thousands of families and can continue to complete, BSC measured ventilation do so provided steps are taken to ensure rates of the individual units and conducted their durability and energy use reduction. blower door testing to determine the Failure to do this will likely result in overall air tightness of the building. The teardowns replaced by new (and larger) pre-retrofit blower door test result was construction with the accompanying 2860 CFM at 50 Pascals (cfm50). The loss of resources, embodied energy, final blower door test result was 458 and memories.
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