DOCSLIB.ORG

Homelessness.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Homelessness.Pdf HOMELESSNESS: Programs and the People They Serve SUMMARY REPORT Findings of the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients DECEMBER 1999 HOMELESSNESS: Programs and the People They Serve SUMMARY REPORT Findings of the National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients AUGUST 1999 Martha R. Burt Laudan Y. Aron Toby Douglas Jesse Valente Edgar Lee Britta Iwen The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of public consideration. The views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the study’s federal funders or to the Urban Institute, its trustees, or its funders. Contents PREFACE . xiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xv HIGHLIGHTS . xvii 1 Introduction and Design Overview . 1 Introduction . 2 Overview of the Study Design . 2 Data Collection Approaches . 3 Basic Analytic Categories . 5 Defining Homelessness Status . 5 Specifying Time Frames . 6 Defining Family and Single Status . 6 Defining Alcohol/Drug/Mental Health (ADM) Status . 6 Describing Urban/Rural Location . 7 Statistical Significance of Findings . 7 Confidence Intervals . 7 Statistical Significance of Comparisons . 7 Risk of False Positives . 7 Limitations of NSHAPC Findings . 7 The Study Is Descriptive . 7 The People in the Study Come from Homeless Assistance Programs . 8 NSHAPC Was Designed to Collect Data on Clients Who Use Homeless Assistance Services . 8 All Client Information Comes from the Clients Themselves . 8 What the Study Does Not Do . 8 The Structure of This Report . 9 Additional Information May Be Found in the Technical Report . 9 vi Contents 2 An Overview of Homeless Clients . 11 Introduction . 13 Demographic Characteristics of Homeless Clients . 13 Sex . 14 Race/Ethnicity . 15 Age . 15 Marital Status . 16 Education . 17 Veteran Status . 18 The Children of Homeless Clients . 18 Service Needs, Stresses, and Vulnerabilities . 20 Service Needs as Seen by Clients . 20 Food Consumption and Hunger . 21 Victimization While Homeless . 22 Physical Health Status and Insurance . 22 Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Problems . 23 History of Incarceration . 25 Adverse Childhood Experiences . 25 Where Homeless Clients Were Living . 26 Characteristics of Clients Using Different Housing and Other Services . 27 Income, Employment, and Other Income Sources . 28 Income . 28 Paid Employment . 29 Receipt of Government Benefits . 29 History of Homelessness . 30 Clients Who Change Locations after Becoming Homeless . 32 Comparisons of Clients from Central Cities, Suburbs, and Rural Areas . 33 Comparisons with 1987 Urban Institute Findings . 35 Comparing Currently with Formerly Homeless Clients 3 and Other Service Users . 39 Introduction . 41 Basic Demographic Characteristics . 41 Sex . 41 Race/Ethnicity . 41 Age . 43 Education . 43 Marital and Household Status . 43 Veteran Status . 44 Service Needs, Stresses, and Vulnerabilities . 44 Service Needs as Seen by Clients . 44 Food Consumption and Hunger . 44 Contents vii Physical Health Status and Insurance . 45 Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Problems . 49 Incarceration . 50 Adverse Childhood Experiences . 50 Income Levels, Sources, and Employment . 52 History of Homelessness . 55 Use of Homeless Assistance Programs . 56 Lifetime Service Use . 56 Urban/Rural Location . 57 4 Homeless Assistance Programs . 59 Introduction . 60 Service Locations and Program Types . 60 Service Level and Program Size . 61 Total Number of Expected Service Contacts . 62 Variability in Program Size . 63 Operating Agencies . 64 Funding Sources . 66 Population Focus . 66 Household Type . 66 Special Population or Special Need . 67 Occupancy Levels of Shelter/Housing Programs . 69 Location of Homeless Assistance Programs . 69 Availability of Services within NSHAPC’s 76 Sampling Areas . 71 Distribution of Program Contacts within Sampling Areas . 72 Distribution of Services within Sampling Areas by Program Type . 73 Distribution within Sampling Areas of Contacts with Different Types of Shelter/Housing Programs . 76 5 Postscript . 79 APPENDIX A: NSHAPC’s PRIMARY SAMPLING AREAS . 81 APPENDIX B: NSHAPC PROGRAM DEFINITIONS . 85 REFERENCES . 87 Figures and Tables Figure 1.1 Sampling Areas for NSHAPC . 3 Table 2.1 Demographic Characteristics of Homeless Clients, by Family Status . 14 Figure 2.1 Sex of Homeless Clients and the U.S. Adult Population . 15 Figure 2.2 Homeless Clients in Families . 15 Figure 2.3 Race/Ethnicity of Homeless Clients and U.S. Adults . 16 Figure 2.4 Age Distribution of Homeless Clients in Families, Single Homeless Clients, and U.S. Adults . 16 Figure 2.5 Marital Status of Homeless Clients in Families, Single Homeless Clients, and All U.S. Adults . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Survey of Homelessness Laws
    The Forum September 2020 Is a House Always a Home?: A Survey of Homelessness Laws Marlei English J.D. Candidate, SMU Dedman School of Law, 2021; Staff Editor for the International Law Review Association Find this and additional student articles at: https://smulawjournals.org/ilra/forum/ Recommended Citation Marlei English, Is a House Always a Home?: A Survey of Homelessness Laws (2020) https://smulawjournals.org/ilra/forum/. This article is brought to you for free and open access by The Forum which is published by student editors on The International Law Review Association in conjunction with the SMU Dedman School of Law. For more information, please visit: https://smulawjournals.org/ilra/. Is a House Always a Home?: A Survey of Homelessness Laws By: Marlei English1 March 6, 2020 Homelessness is a plague that spares no country, yet not a single country has cured it. The type of legislation regarding homelessness in a country seems to correlate with the severity of its homelessness problem. The highly-variative approaches taken by each country when passing their legislation can be roughly divided into two categories: aid-based laws and criminalization laws. Analyzing how these homelessness laws affect the homeless community in each country can be an important step in understanding what can truly lead to finding the “cure” for homelessness rather than just applying temporary fixes. I. Introduction to the Homelessness Problem Homelessness is not a new issue, but it is a current, and pressing issue.2 In fact, it is estimated that at least 150 million individuals are homeless.3 That is about two percent of the population on Earth.4 Furthermore, an even larger 1.6 billion individuals may be living without adequate housing.5 While these statistics are startling, the actual number of individuals living without a home could be even larger because these are just the reported and observable numbers.
    [Show full text]
  • Otalk Healthcare Social Media Transcript February 18Th 2020
    #OTalk Transcript Healthcare social media transcript of the #OTalk hashtag. Tue, February 18th 2020, 8:00PM – Wed, February 19th 2020, 9:15PM (Europe/London). See #OTalk Influencers/Analytics. Ruth Hawley @Ruth_Hawley a day ago Hello and welcome to our #OTalk about #homelessness this evening. We are excited to be hosting this and looking forward to the discussion. Let us know if you're joining us. #OTalk @OTalk_ a day ago Welcome to tonight’s #OTalk. @OT_rach on the account tonight. Before we get started I’ll re-cap the ground rules. Say hello if your here! https://t.co/ngQYcWDj8C #OTalk @OTalk_ a day ago House rule for #OTalk https://t.co/ppbVQEA6KQ One OT and a Dog @WintRebecca a day ago @therapy2optimum @OTalk_ @Ruth_Hawley Been great to link with you recently Sue and admire that you are volunteering your time to this worthy area of practice, good luck! #OTalk #OTalk @OTalk_ a day ago Remember to include the hashtag in every tweet, or else others won't see your tweets, and your tweet will not be included in the transcript. #OTalk https://t.co/rXHS0pxvb0 #OTalk @OTalk_ a day ago Please remember your @The_HCPC and @theRCOT code of conduct whilst on line and engaging in this chat. Lastly be respectful of others. #OTalk https://t.co/HJX5iavaIr One OT and a Dog @WintRebecca a day ago Welcome from me and @Ruth_Hawley very excited to be here #OTalk Ruth Hawley @Ruth_Hawley a day ago So, #OTalk Q1. Do you have any experiences of working with people who are homeless? Tara Watts @thelibrarianOT a day ago @GeorgiaVineOT @OOFRAS Check out @OTalk_ #OTalk as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Homeless Shelters in India: Miseries Untold and Promises Unmet
    Cities 71 (2017) 88–96 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cities journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cities ☆ Urban homeless shelters in India: Miseries untold and promises unmet MARK ⁎ Geetika Goela, Piyali Ghoshb, , Mohit Kumar Ojhaa a School of Management Studies, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India b Indian Institute of Management Ranchi, India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: An urban shelter is designed to offer refuge to homeless people and access to basic services like drinking water, Shelter sanitation and safety. This research paper aims to critically appraise condition of such shelters, vis-à-vis common Homeless services mandated to be provided at each shelter by the Supreme Court of India. A survey of shelters was Night shelter conducted in four cities of Uttar Pradesh (viz., Allahabad, Varanasi, Lucknow and Agra) spanning a sample of HUDCO 426 shelter-inmates. Analysis has been done in two stages: evaluation of common services on the basis of their Uttar Pradesh significance as perceived by inhabitants, and assessment of significant services to check their availability and functionality. Factor analysis has clubbed nineteen such services under five factors (named as: entitlement to schemes, hygiene & recreation, cooking support system, ambience, and drinking water & conservancy). Findings reveal large scale unavailability of services and bring to light the appalling condition of shelters in the cities surveyed. This study may be useful in framing a focused policy for providing shelters to homeless people in urban areas by identifying services considered significant by inmates and ensuring availability of such services. 1. Introduction categorize homeless people as those who are “living in temporary or crisis accommodation”, i.e., “staying in night shelters (where occupants Homelessness has been a perennial problem in India.
    [Show full text]
  • Resources for People Who Are Homeless Or at Risk in the Greater New Orleans Area
    t Funded through UNITY of Greater New Orleans Homeless Continuum of Care 1 in partnership with HUD and other city, state, and federal agencies. Resources for People who are Homeless or at Risk in the Greater New Orleans Area Compiled by UNITY of Greater New Orleans t Funded through UNITY of Greater New Orleans Homeless Continuum of Care 2 in partnership with HUD and other city, state, and federal agencies. Programs marked with a t are funded through the UNITY of Greater New Orleans Homeless Continuum of Care in partnership with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and other city, state, and federal agencies. unitygno.org unityhousinglink.org 2475 Canal Street, Suite 300 New Orleans, LA 70119 Phone: 504-821-4496 Toll Free Hotline: 1-888-899-4589 3____________________________________________________t Funded through UNITY of Greater New Orleans Homeless Continuum of Care CRISISin partnership LINES with HUD and other city, state, and federal agencies. ____________________________________________________ VIALINK • vialink.org Crisis counseling, suicide intervention, community resource directory 211 or 504-269-2673 or 1-800-749-2673 UNITY of Greater New Orleans • unitygno.org Response lines for persons living on the street or in places unfit for human habitation or for citizens to report a homeless person in need of assistance (note: neither one is a 24 hour line) 1-888-899-4589 Toll-free Response Line 504-269-2069 Local Response Line Child Abuse Hotline: 504-736-7033 Jefferson Parish East Bank 504-361-6083 Jefferson Parish
    [Show full text]
  • Essentials of Care for @Eople 3Iving in Shelter
    Shelter Health: Essentials of Care for eople iving in Shelter >en >raybill, MSW Deff Elivet, MA ational Health Care for the Homeless Council www.nhchc.org Shelter Health: Essentials of Care for eople iving in Shelter The ational Health are for the Homeless ouncil The ational Health Care for the Homeless Council began as an element of the -proect HCH demonstration program of the Robert Wood ohnson Foundation and the ew Memorial Trust. We are now over rganiational Members and over 00 individuals who provide care for homeless people throughout the country. ur rganiational members include grantees and subcontractors in the federal Health Care for the Homeless funding stream, members of the Respite Care roviders etwork, and others. Homeless and formerly homeless people who formally advise local HCH proects comprise the ational Consumer Advisory oard and participate in the governance of the ational Council. 4tatement of 5rinciples We recognie and believe that: ! homelessness is unacceptable ! every person has the right to adequate food, housing, clothing and health care ! all people have the right to participate in the decisions affecting their lives ! contemporary homelessness is the product of conscious social and economic policy decisions that have retreated from a commitment to insuring basic life necessities for all people ! the struggle to end homelessness and alleviate its consequences takes many forms including efforts to insure adequate housing, health care, and access to meaningful work. 7ission 4tatement The mission of the ational Council is to help bring about reform of the health care system to best serve the needs of people who are homeless, to work in alliance with others whose broader purpose is to eliminate homelessness, and to provide support to Council members.
    [Show full text]
  • Food Pantry, Soup Kitchen & Homeless Shelter Manual
    State of Illinois Department of Human Services THE EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOOD PANTRY, SOUP KITCHEN & HOMELESS SHELTER MANUAL For Federal Grant Programs: Table of Contents Table of Contents . 1 Definitions . 3 The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP) . 5 Civil Rights and Non-Discrimination . 5 Monitoring . 6 Requirements for Pantries . 7 Public Outreach . 7 Commodity Receipt and Distribution . 7 Customer Service . 7 Verifying Customer Eligibility . 10 Documenting Customer Service . 12 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) . 13 Serving People Who are Unable to Visit the Pantry . 14 Reporting Distribution Activity . 15 USDA & DHS Posters . 16 Food Storage . 19 Federally-Purchased Equipment . 19 Requirements for Soup Kitchens and Homeless Shelters . 20 Service Schedule . 20 Eligibility . 20 Reporting Meals Served . 20 Rules for Food Preparation and Service . 20 Posters . 20 Rules for Food Storage . 20 Food Pantry Observation Form (IL444-4528) . 21 Soup Kitchen/Homeless Shelter Observation Form (IL444-4529) . 25 THIS MANUAL MUST BE KEPT ON SITE AND MADE 1 AVAILABLE TO SITE PERSONNEL AT ALL TIMES. THIS MANUAL MUST BE KEPT ON SITE AND MADE 2 AVAILABLE TO SITE PERSONNEL AT ALL TIMES. Definitions: Department of Human Services (DHS): State-administering agency in Illinois for the Emergency Food Program. Distribution Site: Location where the eligible recipient agency actually distributes commodities to needy persons for household consumption or serves prepared meals to needy persons. Distribution site may be a pantry, soup kitchen or homeless shelter. Emergency Food Program (EFP): A federal program, administered by the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The EFP is managed by IDHS and the purpose of the EFP is to prevent hunger and help provide food security for low-income households and individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • Planning for a New Community Center for Homeless Individuals: Stakeholders Reflect on Services and the Need for System Change
    Planning for a new Community Center for Homeless Individuals: Stakeholders reflect on services and the need for system change Report to Father Bill’s & MainSpring 422 Washington Street, Quincy, MA 02169 December 2015 Prepared by Tatjana Meschede, Sara Chaganti, and Erika Krajcovicova Institute on Assets and Social Policy Heller School for Social Policy and Management/Brandeis University 415 South Street, MS 035, Waltham, MA 02459 Summary and Recommendations Father Bill’s & MainSpring contracted with the Brandeis University Institute on Assets and Social Policy (IASP) to conduct an assessment of their shelter population and their service needs, as well as current service delivery, to inform the strategic planning for a new community center. Data on shelter guests, specifically subgroups among them, their prior living situation, and health‐related information were summarized in a previous report (Krajcovicova and Meschede, 2015). This report summarizes data collected in six groups with staff and shelter guests. Focus group participants discussed in depth the successes and limitations of the current service delivery approach and their hopes for the new community center. With the changing shelter guest population that includes increasingly older adults and guests with more complex service and support needs, providing adequate services has become more challenging. In addition, the limited opening hours of the shelters, requiring guests to leave in the morning and line up for re‐entry in the late afternoon, hinder timely assessments and referrals. Further, as discussed in detail by the shelter guests, it takes an enormous amount of energy on their part to spend the day outside the shelter with no place to feel welcome.
    [Show full text]
  • Homeless Shelters
    Homeless Shelters Homeless Shelter Directory If you have access to the Internet, please visit http://www.homelessshelterdirectory.org/florida.html for information about additional shelters. ~ HERNANDO COUNTY ~ Jericho Road Ministries, Inc. (352) 799-2912 http://www.jericho-road.net/ Jericho Road Ministries is a Rescue Mission that provides up to 3 nights monthly of emergency shelter to the homeless men and women in our area. They also offer a 36-week Rehabilitation Program that is designed to assist men and women in the recovery and healing of their lives, spiritually, emotionally, mentally and physically. Men’s Shelter: 1090 Mondon Hill Rd., Brooksville, FL 34601 Women’s Shelter/Mary’s House: 1163 Howell Avenue, Brooksville, FL 34601 Dawn Center of Hernando County (352) 686-8759 http://www.dawncenter.org/ Type: Domestic Violence shelter for women and children. ~ CITRUS COUNTY ~ CASA (Citrus County Abuse Shelter Association, Inc.) (352) 344-8111 http://www.casafl.org/ Type: (Domestic violence Shelter) Mission in Citrus Homeless Shelters & Services 2488 North Pennsylvania Ave Crystal River, FL 34428 Phone Number: 352-794-3825 Website: http://www.missionincitrus.com Five shelters total. Call the number listed to be screened for shelter eligibility. Two shelters in Crystal River are open 24 hours. Child Molesters, Domestic Violence, or those currently wanted by the law are not accepted. The Floral City location is for disabled Veterans and/or women and children. Their Hernando Outreach Facility is a food pantry that also provides free clothing, a free meal each evening for the homeless, access to a washer and dryer free of charge and help to apply for food stamp, Medicaid and Cash assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Pop-Up Shelters Doing Now Aren’T Enough.”
    10/21/2019 A: Main Pop-up shelters doing now aren’t enough.” A pilot project aimed at reducing Oahu’s homeless will The HONU will be made out of military- grade, start in Waipahu inflatable structures that will stay up no longer than 90 days before they’re broken down, said Pam Witty- By Dan Nakaso Oakland, director of the city’s [email protected] A hub for homeless services will go up in the middle of Waipahu Cultural Garden Park — home to Hawaii’s Plantation Village. At the same time, within a 5-mile radius, a zero tolerance for illegal homeless activity also will go into effect. City and state officials are trying a new, two-pronged strategy to deal with homelessness on Oahu by opening a temporary, all-in-one “navigation center” and imposing a crackdown on any violations in the vicinity. Evelyn Ahlo, executive director of Hawaii’s The idea is to offer a wide-range of social services in Plantation Village, shows the grassy area where a the middle of Waipahu Cultural Garden Park while temporary pop-up homeless shelter will be built at getting tough on any violations outside of the newly the Waipahu Cultural Garden Park. She estimates named “Homeless Outreach and Navigation for there are currentlty a couple dozen homeless people Unsheltered Persons” — or HONU. living on the Ewa and Diamond Head edges of the park. Councilman Brandon Elefante, who represents the area, called the possibility of future citations and even KAT WADE / SPECIAL TO THE STAR arrests outside of the HONU “critical.” ADVERTISER “But we also want to make this a successful model where people within that 5 miles might consider going into this HONU zone,” Elefante said.
    [Show full text]
  • Aging and Homelessness
    Literature Review: Aging and Homelessness conducted as part of the SSHRC project: "Homelessness in late life: growing old on the streets, in shelters and long-term care" (project no 435- 2012-1197) Authors: Amanda Grenier, Rachel Barken, Tamara Sussman, David Rothwell, and Jean-Pierre Lavoie With thanks to: Victoria Burns, Laura Henderson, Sebastien Mott, and Malorie Moore Co-Investigators: Amanda Grenier (PI), Tamara Sussman, David Rothwell, and Jean-Pierre Lavoie October 2013 2 Aging and Homelessness (Phase I Literature Review) Introduction This report reviews the state of literature on aging and homelessness. A substantial literature spanning several decades explores homelessness and the programs designed to address this issue (Lee, Tyler, & Wright, 2010; Shlay & Rossi, 1992; Toro, 2007; Trypuc & Robinson, 2009). However, present knowledge and practices about homelessness tend to focus on youth, younger adults, and young families, with far less attention to older people (Beynon, 2009; Burns, Grenier, Lavoie, Rothwell, & Sussman, 2012; Cohen, 1999; Crane & Warnes, 2001; Gonyea, Mills-Dick, & Bachman, 2010; McDonald, Dergal, & Cleghorn, 2004). Older people who are homeless are depicted as an 'invisible population' (Gonyea et al., 2010), but with demographic shifts the numbers of older people experiencing homelessness can be expected to rise (Edmonston & Fong, 2011). Population aging calls for research and policy attention to aging and homelessness. This report focuses on the intersections of aging and homelessness. We draw on international
    [Show full text]
  • Art Education for Children and Youth Living in an Emergency Housing Shelter a Master's Degree Proposal Submitted by Kara Moras
    Art Education for Children and Youth Living in an Emergency Housing Shelter A Master’s Degree Proposal Submitted by Kara Morasco to Moore College of Art and Design in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MA in Art Education August 2013 Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the benefit of an art program to children and youth living in an emergency housing facility. Factors leading to homelessness are explored and examples of the positive influence of art for children experiencing crisis and trauma are presented. Through action research, an art program was implemented where children worked with ceramics, drawing, and writing, twice a week for three and a half weeks. The participants ranged in age from six to fifteen years, with classes conducted as part of their after-school program. Data collected through observations, interviews, and the students’ work was used to adapt the lessons for diverse ages, abilities, and attendance of the participants. Findings showed the students were able to express themselves through their art visually, by making clay projects that reflected their interests, and verbally, by writing or telling what they were thinking or feeling. The students displayed enthusiasm for making art and exhibited a great deal of pride in what they had accomplished. The results showed that students demonstrated characteristics that have been identified to help foster resiliency in individuals. Helping to develop the joy of learning, creativity, and self-worth are important tools for every child’s growth; however, the use of art as a pathway to develop such characteristics may be even more critical to a child experiencing trauma.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond Child Welfare - Theories on Child Homelessness Jessica Dixon Weaver Southern Methodist University School of Law
    Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice Volume 21 | Issue 1 Article 6 9-2014 Beyond Child Welfare - Theories on Child Homelessness Jessica Dixon Weaver Southern Methodist University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/crsj Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, Human Rights Law Commons, and the Social Welfare Commons Recommended Citation Jessica Dixon Weaver, Beyond Child Welfare - Theories on Child Homelessness, 21 Wash. & Lee J. Civ. Rts. & Soc. Just. 16 (2014). Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/crsj/vol21/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice at Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice by an authorized editor of Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Beyond Child Welfare—Theories on Child Homelessness Jessica Dixon Weaver* Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................... 16 I. Child Homelessness in the United States ....................................... 19 II. Historical Role of the State in Addressing Child Homelessness ... 24 III. Poverty & Child Welfare ............................................................... 27 A. The Color of Child Homelessness .........................................
    [Show full text]