George Hay M Organ, K.C
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Baptist Members of Parliament 1847-1914
Baptist Members of Parliament 1847-1914 RELATIVELY few Baptists have reached the House of Commons. It is hard to give a precise total. Too little evidence survives, especially from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, for any catalogue to be definitive, but a rough calculation would put their number over the centuries at about eighty. Of these, some thirty-eight, about half, sat in the parliaments of the period from 1847 to 1914.1 Before 1847 there had been no Baptist M.P.s at all for over sixty years, but from the parliament of that year they began to be returned in ones and twos. The trend was steadily upwards in the second half of the nineteenth century. This was both because the number of Baptists in the population was increasing and because more Baptists had achieved the social standing that was expected of a parliamentary candidate. The climax of the process came in 1906, when Baptists shared in the electoral triumph that brought some 180 Nonconformists into the Commons. There were therefore far more Baptist M.P.s towards the end of the period than near its beginning. They may be divided into three groups. First there is the handful who entered parliament before the Second Reform Act of 1867; secondly there is the larger number who were first returned between 1868 and 1899; and thirdly there is the sizable ·body of men elected between 1900 and 1914. Each group had characteristics stamped on them by their period, but each included men of outstanding individuality. This paper attempts to bring out something of what members of the groups had in common and also some of the personal qualities, even eccentricities, that marked them. -
Reginald Mckenna British Politics and Society
Reginald McKenna British Politics and Society PETER CATTERALL, Series Editor The Making of Channel 4 Mass Conservatism Edited by Peter Catterall The Conservatives and the Public since the 1880s Managing Domestic Dissent in First Edited by Stuart Ball and Ian Holliday World War Britain Brock Millman Defining British Citizenship Empire, Commonwealth and Modern Reforming the Constitution Britain Debates in Twentieth Century Britain Rieko Karatani Edited by Peter Catterall, Wolfram Kaiser and Ulrike Walton-Jordan Television Policies of the Labour Party 1951-2001 Pessimism and British War Policy, Des Freedman 1916-1918 Brock Millman Creating the National Health Service Aneurin Bevan and the Medical Lords Amateurs and Professionals in Marvin Rintala Post-War British Sport Edited by Adrian Smith and Dilwyn A Social History of Milton Keynes Porter Middle England/Edge City Mark Clapson A Life of Sir John Eldon Gorst Disraeli's Awkward Disciple Scottish Nationalism and the Idea of Archie Hunter Europe Concepts of Europe and the Nation Conservative Party Attitudes to Atsuko Ichijo Jews 1900-1950 Harry Defries The Royal Navy in the Falklands Conflict and the Gulf War Poor Health Culture and Strategy Social Inequality before and after the Alastair Finlan Black Report Edited by Virginia Berridge and Stuart The Labour Party in Opposition Blume 1970-1974 Patrick Bell The Civil Service Commission Reginald McKenna 1855-1991 Financier among Statesmen, 1863- A Bureau Biography 1916 Richard A. Chapman Martin Farr Popular Newspapers, the Labour Party and British Politics James Thomas In the Midst of Events The Foreign Office Diaries and Papers of Kenneth Younger, February 1950- October 1951 Edited by Geoffrey Warner Strangers, Aliens and Asians Huguenots, Jews and Bangladeshis in Spitalfields 1666-2000 Anne J. -
Representing the Duchy Francis Acland and Cornish Politics, 1910–1922
6 Representing the Duchy Francis Acland and Cornish Politics, 1910–1922 Garry Tregidga Introduction The first quarter of the twentieth century was a time of rapid change in British politics. Before the First World War the Liberals were the dominant force at Westminster, following their historic landslide victory in 1906 over the Conservatives and their Liberal Unionist allies. By 1924, however, a new order had been created, with Labour and the Conservatives competing for a now declining Liberal vote in order to become the principal party of government. Less obvious were the changes taking place in „Celtic‟ Britain. By the outbreak of the First World War the stimulus of the „Irish question‟ had led to a renewed interest in Scottish and Welsh concerns over issues like devolution and Anglican disestablishment. Growing disenchantment with Westminster was to culminate in the formation of Plaid Cymru and the National Party of Scotland in the 1920s. Te implications for the future were significant since nationalist movements operating outside of the London-based parties had finally been established during a crucial period of realignment for Britain as a whole. There has been a tendency in Cornish Studies to emphasise the contrasting theme of continuity west of the Tamar. In the first place, economic and social stagnation enabled the Cornish Liberals to survive the early 1920s, a period which Chris Cook termed the Age of Alignment, leaving the old-style radicals firmly secure as the principal alternative to the Conservatives with Labour unable to win even a single seat until 1945. 1 This produced a distinctive pattern of party politics in Cornwall that essentially endures to Francis Acland and Cornish Politics, 1910–1922 the present day. -
THE BAPTIST QUARTERLY Twentieth Century It Was Easier for Other Types of Baptist to ,Obtain Selection As Parliamentary Candidates
25.2 BAPTIST MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY lNever be down-hearted about the results of the Christian Evangell , John Clifford told Ernest Brown late in 1923; lwe have not yet shaken the mud away from our history!. (1) Clifford, who during the previous half-century had inspired many young Baptists to see politics' as a sphere of Christian service, died about a month afterwards. Brown, who was to remain a devoted Baptist while achieving political eminence in the 1930s and 1940s, was returned to parliament for the first time about six weeks later. Ernest .Brown seems to have regarded the incident as something like the handing on of a torch. He was to remember and quote John Cliffordls words when he delivered the Clifford Memorial Lecture for the' Brotherhood Movement in 1942, by which time he was Minister of Health. Certainly Brown was one of those who, as Christians in parliament, tried to clear away some of the accumulated mud that disfigured national life. He was one of the considerable number of Baptists who have sat in twentieth-century parliaments - a body of men whose work can perhaps be seen as a result of the Christian Evangel. This article is the fourth in a series discussing Baptist M.P.s over the centuries. (2) It follows the pattern of the first and second articles, which attempted to identify which M.P.s were Baptists in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and in the nineteenth century respectively. (3) The bulk of the article consists of two lists, the first comprising those who were Baptists, the second comprising those who are sometimes supposed to have been Baptists but who turn out on investigation either not to have been or not to have retained their Baptist allegiance.