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Annual Report 2008

1 Horseracing is a truly global sport, which makes important contributions in terms of employment and tax.

2 © IFHA. All rights reserved. Table of Contents

Chairman’s Statement ...... 4

Mission Statement ...... 6

Organisation ...... 7

Activity Reports...... 10 • General Assembly & Annual Conference...... 10

• Executive Council...... 12

• Technical Advisory Committee...... 13

• Advisory Council on Prohibited Substances...... 15

• International Movement of Horses Committee...... 17

• International Grading and Race Planning Advisory Committee...... 19

• World Rankings Supervisory Committee...... 21

• Committee for the Harmonisation of Raceday Rules...... 23

• Steering Committee on Wagering...... 25

• Communications & PR...... 27

• International Stud Book Committee...... 28

Appendices...... 30 1. Economics of Racing...... 30

2. Statistics...... 37

3. Top attendance...... 50

4. Annual Accounts...... 51

5. List of Members...... 52

6. Membership of Committees...... 54

7. World Thoroughbred Racehorse Rankings...... 57

8. List of International Organisations...... 59

3 Chairman’s Statement

The year 2008 will be remembered by all of us as the start of the greatest economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930’s. The crisis has obviously also had an impact on the horseracing sector, although it has hit some countries harder than others.

You will find the most important economic parameters of horseracing in appendix 1, which is new to the Annual Report. It not only highlights the general economic functioning of our industry, but also provides insight into how these parameters have been affected by the crisis.

We encourage government officials and other policymakers of our world to learn about and appreciate the important economic contribution of our sport, particularly in rural areas. Laws and policies need to recognize our economic contribution and our various rights to a much greater degree than they do now.

The International Federation is conscious about the economic hardships of some of our members and has started some initiatives to assist in particular the smaller racing nations.

This includes a more equitable fee structure based on the size of the domestic industry and the financial resources. More important still is the assistance that larger racing nations need to provide to nations with smaller, sometimes minimal resources to develop the sport. We do not yet know how this can this be done best practically, but I am convinced that it should start at regional level.

As is the case with other international initiatives, the support to smaller racing nations will certainly require the voluntary contributions of individuals who care for horseracing.

Important work has also been carried out by those who attended the 2nd Doctors Conference, which was held in Turkey in October 2008. Issues affecting animal welfare are becoming increasingly important. Through initiatives like the Doctors Conference and our Advisory Committee on Prohibited Substances, we should not only aim to ensure the welfare of the horse, but also at some international consistency in the prohibition of drug use, testing and research. Much work still has to be done in this area and we look with particular interest to the recent developments and reforms in the US.

4 We have looked carefully at what other initiatives the IFHA should be developing. Following a survey among our membership, it became clear that we should focus on regulatory matters. In view of the members’ limited interest in betting matters, it was decided to scale down the Federation’s actions in this area.

In the regulatory area, we expect much from the newly established Committee for Harmonisation of Race day Rules. International racing cannot progress if rules and interpretations remain different. The horseracing product is sold around the world primarily as a betting proposition and bettors from other countries will not bet if rules remain inconsistent.

We have been successful in organising our first Business Forum on the Friday preceding the Annual Conference. Approximately 50 participants from different parts of the world discussed the ways to improve the commingling of wagers and to promote the international racing calendar. Participants included not only IFHA members, but also tote operators, racing TV channels, third party distributors of tote products, print media representatives and other rights holders.

The event revealed the unique opportunities offered by cross-border transmission of races and commingling. It is a win-win for both host and guest country, whatever the market size of the participants. I am pleased to note that we will hold another Business Forum in 2009.

As I did last year, I invite and encourage everyone to keep track of our activities during the year by visiting our website. It is regularly updated and is a rich source of information about IFHA and international racing matters.

Finally, allow me to thank all those who have been involved in the IFHA during 2008: committee members and the chairmen in particular, the contributors to this report, the staff in Paris and also our sponsors.

Louis Romanet Chairman

5 Mission Statement

In 1961, the Horseracing Authorities of the United States of America, France, Great Britain and Ireland have decided to coordinate their action in order to protect the integrity of horseraces and keep their basic aim, which is the organization of competitions to select the best horses in order to improve the quality of breeding.

In 1967, they created the International Conference held in Paris every year, which brings the main Racing Authorities in the world together.

To give an official shape to these efforts, they 4. to update the organization of horseracing founded in 1993 the International Federation on account of the technical, social and of Horseracing Authorities which amalgamates economical evolution; around sixty members.

Their main objectives are: The Federation organizes every year the 1. to coordinate and harmonize the rules International Conference which updates the of the member-countries regarding International Agreement on Breeding, Racing breeding, racing & wagering; and Wagering endorsed by the Conference in 1974. 2. to ensure the quality and fairness of racing in the interest of both the breeding The Federation publishes the main statistics and the public; of each member-country concerning breeding, racing and betting. 3. to provide the organization on race courses of the protection of the welfare of horses, jockeys and the people attending;

6 Organisation

IFHA Annual Conference

Executive Executive Council Office

Advisory International International Steering Technical Committee for Council Movement Race Committee Advisory Harmonisation On Prohibited Of Horses Planning On Wagering Committee of Race Day Rules Substances Committee Advisory Committee

High Level World Rankings Tote group Supervisory International Committee Studbook Committee

Appendix 6 lists the members in 2008 of each of the committees.

Membership

The IFHA has member organisations in each of the countries coloured in green. Green-white stripes mean observer membership. There is significant racing activity in each of these countries.

7 Organisation

Below are the countries in which IFHA has a member organisation. A List with all members is presented in the appendix.

• Americas

ARGENTINA CHILE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BRAZIL MEXICO URUGUAY CANADA PERU VENEZUELA

• European and Mediterranean Countries

ALGERIA GREAT BRITAIN MOROCCO AUSTRIA GREECE NORWAY BELGIUM HUNGARY POLAND BULGARIA IRELAND SERBIA & MONTENEGRO TCHAD ITALY SLOVAKIA CYPRUS LEBANON SLOVENIA CZECH REPUBLIC RUMANIA SPAIN DENMARK RUSSIA SWEDEN FRANCE THE NETHERLANDS SWITZERLAND GERMANY TUNISIA

• Asian Racing Federation

AUSTRALIA MALAYSIA SAUDI ARABIA BAHRAIN SINGAPORE SOUTH AFRICA HONG KONG MAURITIUS THAILAND INDIA NEW ZEALAND TURKEY JAPAN OMAN UNITED ARAB EMIRATES KOREA PAKISTAN MACAU QATAR

• Observers

AZERBAIJAN KAZAKHSTAN PANAMA CROATIA MADAGASCAR

8 Organisation

Executive Council

Chairman Louis ROMANET Vice-Chairman, Europe Brian KAVANAGH Vice-Chairman, Americas Alan MARZELLI Vice-Chairman Asia Winfried ENGELBRECHT BRESGES

EUROPE France (1 vote) Great Britain (1 vote) Ireland (1 vote) Nic COWARD Louis ROMANET Denis EGAN Brian KAVANAGH British Horseracing France Galop Irish Turf Club Horse Racing Ireland Authority

AMERICAS North America (2 votes) South America (1 vote) Horacio Bauer David WILLMOT Alan MARZELLI Alexander WALDROP Organizacion Sudamericana Woodbine US Jockey Club US Jockey Club-NTRA de Fomento del Pura Entertainment Group Sangre de Carrera

ASIA Asian Racing Federation (3 votes) Winfried ENGELBRECHT Dr. Isamu TAKIZAWA Dr Cyrus POONAWALLA BRESGES Asian Racing Federation Asian Racing Federation Asian Racing Federation

9 Activity Reports

General Assembly & Annual Conference

The General Assembly and the Annual Conference were held in the offices of France Galop in Paris on the Monday after the Prix de Arc de Triomphe, 6 October 2008.

General Assembly • Rob De Kock, Chairman of the newly established Committee for Harmonisation The General Assembly was attended by close of Race day Rules elaborated on the work to 100 delegates from 47 countries, 4 regional relating to interference rules and their and national organisations and 6 observer interpretation. He presented a diagram countries. indicating the positions of a number of The General Assembly approved the minutes countries on the various interference issues. of the previous General Assembly and the accounts for 2007 and discharged the • Jamie Stier, Sr. Stipendiary Steward, Hong Federation’s officers. The accounts showed Kong Jockey Club, gave a presentation on a modest surplus and expenses that remained the interpretation of rules relating to race within budget. riding offences and constitution of racing stewards’ panels. The General Assembly ratified unanimously • Dr. Giles Warrington of Ireland gave a the candidature of the Bulgaria National Horse presentation on the mandatory training Racing Association for IFHA membership. courses for jockeys.

In the first part of the Conference, the following Annual Conference topical racing issues were presented.

Five speakers presented different topics at the • Development of racing and breeding in New regulatory session. Zealand by Guy Sargent, NZTR Chairman • Andrew Harding, Co-Chairman of the • What small countries expect from IFHA by Technical Advisory Committee presented Bjorn Eklund of the Swedish Jockey Club the activities of his Committee, in particular and Chairman of the European Racing the proposal for a change in article 10 of Development Council. This presentation the International Agreement, aimed at included elements of an IFHA survey among facilitating the reciprocation of penalties. some selected countries. This matter will be subject to further • James Singer, marketing Director of discussion. AtTheRaces gave a presentation on the • Dr. Roland Devolz presented a proposal for importance of the use of race data, in a revision of article 6 of the International particular with international trade in the Agreement proposed by the Advisory racing product. Committee on Prohibited Substances. The • Maurits Bruggink presented last years’ revision introduces tolerance levels and will trends in his annual address on racing and also stipulate that insignificant amounts betting matters. detected will no longer need to be reported by laboratories. 10 Activity Reports

The afternoon included two Round Table Jonathan Heilbron, Managing Director, discussions moderated by racing journalist Thomas Pink (LVMH Group), presented the Liz Price. value of sponsorship of racing. His company sponsored jump races at Cheltenham for The first Round Table had “Safety and Public many years. Image” as its main theme. Jamie Martin, Senior Vice-President Racing, Woodbine Alex Waldrop, CEO of National Thoroughbred Entertainment Group and Ian Renton, Racing Racing Association elaborated on his Director at Arena Leisure both presented organisation’s group purchasing program, their experiences with the use of artificial which offered various sponsorship surfaces. opportunities.

Alan Marzelli, President & CEO, The US Jockey The conference was supported by technical Club, gave a progress report from The Jockey staff of France Galop. Club Thoroughbred Safety Committee and William Nader, Executive Director, Racing, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, gave an update on safety issues in Asia.

The second Round Table had as theme “Promotion of Racing”. The development and promotion of racing in a small country was presented by Jean-Pierre Kratzer, President of the Swiss racing Federation.

11 Activity Reports

Executive Council

The Executive Council defines the general policy direction of the Federation, fixes the level of annual contribution, drafts the annual budget and holds responsibility for the good management of resources. It also convenes the Annual Conference. It has held two meetings in 2008, both of which were held in Paris.

Finances In view of the members’ limited interest in betting matters, it was decided to scale down At its March meeting, the Executive Council the Federation’s actions in this area and to € fixed the 2008 annual contribution at 7.000. focus on regulatory matters.

Appointments Assistance to smaller racing nations

Mr. Kavanagh was unanimously elected Vice It was decided that larger racing nations should Chairman for Europe for the period March 2008 step up their efforts to help smaller racing nations - October 2009. in maximising their overall racing and business The Committee confirmed Dr. Stewart of The potential. IFHA Vice-President Brian Kavanagh Hong Kong Jockey Club Chairman of the was put in charge to take this matter forward. International Movement of Horses Committee. One of the conclusions of the membership The Committee confirmed Mr. Harding and survey is that the current flat membership fees Mr. de Wenden as co-chairmen of the are a high burden to smaller racing nations. Technical Advisory Committee. The Committee agreed to review both the fee structure and levels.

Review of Federation’s Scope and Objectives Race day rules

The Executive Council organised a membership The Executive Council encouraged the new survey to the needs of members and to identify Committee on race day Rules to continue their a new set of objectives for the federation. The work on use of the whip, weigh in and out, key conclusions of the survey are: draw in the stalls and false starts. • The great majority of members were in charge of regulatory matters Objectives 2009 • Only a third of the members have some control on the national tote operator, The Executive Council will continue to define although this third represents more than the general policy of the Federation. half of the global tote revenues In particular, it will: • Regarding commercial and marketing • Conclude its review of the scope and matters, only a few members are in charge objectives of the Federation. of TV rights, but the majority is in charge of race promotion • Launch an action plan in support of smaller racing nations. • Introduce proposals on the harmonisation 12 of race day rules. Activity Reports

Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)

The Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) aims to ensure the smooth running of international racing with its movement of people and horses around the world. It harmonises rules and current practices and examines all technical matters concerning relations between member-countries. It held its 7th annual meeting in October 2008 in Paris prior to the IFHA Annual Conference. 24 delegates attended representing all regions of the world.

Activities The possibility was discussed of introducing a standard form for notification of penalties The committee considered a number of topics, between Authorities. A draft article was many of which will need continuing discussion approved for submission to the Executive and work in the coming years to come to Council. a conclusion. It is recognised that the end product of the committee is often an exchange of information and policy development, rather The sub-committee dealing with the than a change to the International Agreement international list of protected names proposed of Breeding, Racing and Wagering. It has that, the purging process having been been agreed therefore that interested member completed in respect of horses born before organisations should receive TAC documents 1950, there should be no ongoing process of without direct participation in the meeting and removal of the names of horses born after that be given the opportunity to submit items for year. discussion. The minutes of the 2008 meeting were circulated to all IFHA member countries. The issue of starting dates for jockey suspensions was explored, as there was Some of the main issues the committee dealt currently a wide variation of approach between with in 2008 include: Racing Authorities. A Sub-group, chaired by Germany, will examine the possibility of achieving consistency within Europe as a first The committee reviewed the operation of Racing step. Clearance Notifications as a replacement in the majority of countries for passport endorsement. This included a discussion of the principle of The use of abbreviations within horse names concurrent training licenses, where a trainer was examined, as was the use of names in was licensed by more than one jurisdiction foreign languages. The Committee concluded at the same time. They would also consider that the use of either was not problematic. revisions to the three articles which dealt with the international movement of racehorses. The committee received a report on the pilot scheme for sharing data between Authorities The committee continued its major review through the internet. A Sub-group, chaired of Article 10 on reciprocation of penalties, by Great Britain, was set up with the aim of focussing on the issue of proportionality. progressing this.

13 Activity Reports

Discussions continued on the problematic The Committee took a report from the issue of how to treat horses which were the International Stud Book Committee on the subject of Laparoscopic Sterilisation. All TAC emergence of uncommon coat colours. The member countries would consider whether term ‘painted’ had been agreed as a generic such animals should be banned from racing on terms which would cover all of the uncommon welfare grounds. colours and patterns.

The committee shared information on how horses which ran at unrecognised meetings Objectives 2009 were dealt with. • Continue to refine the Racecourse Clearance Notification system, including the revision The meeting considered a report from the Sales of articles relating to the international Integrity Task Force of the US Thoroughbred movement of horses. Owners and Breeders Association, on a code • Continue with moves to expand the use of practice for bloodstock sales. of the internet to make communication between Authorities more effective, including secure access to parts of the The committee discussed a new requirement regulatory data bases held by Authorities. in Great Britain, for additional certification of • Work towards achieving a consistent internationally-trained runners. approach to jockey suspension dates • To resolve the regulatory and stud book The committee discussed the rules and issues surrounding the practice of laparoscopic castration. disciplinary approaches to use of the whip, which was becoming an issue worldwide. • Provide an opportunity for the committee to Information was passed to the Committee on discuss topical regulatory issues. the Harmonisation of Raceday Rules.

14 Activity Reports

Advisory Council on Prohibited Substances

The Advisory Council deals with issues related to doping control, advises on ways to achieving international consistency on doping matters and makes recommendations on standards of testing and standards of research. In 2008, the Advisory Council met in Antalya, Turkey in October, in conjunction with the 17th International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians (ICRAV).

Following the meeting in Turkey, Mr Al Kind, Such wording encourages IFHA Member racing Racing Chemistry, Iowa State University, authorities to consider being signatory to, “The was appointed to the Advisory Council in principle of International Harmonisation for his capacity as the in-coming President of therapeutic substances”, and demonstrate their the Association of Official Racing Chemists commitment to this initiative. This amendment (AORC). Mr Kind replaced the retiring President to Article 6 was approved by the Executive of AORC, Dr John Vine from Racing Analytical Council of the IFHA at its meeting in April Services , Melbourne, Australia. The members 2008. The Executive Council was very pleased of the Advisory Council extend their thanks with the progress made and with the Advisory to Dr Vine for the very significant impact he Council’s plan of action. The amendment was made during his two year appointment to the ratified at the General Assembly of the IFHA Advisory Council. in October 2008 and has been included in the 2009 version of Article 6; a number of countries are now signatory to this amendment. Activities The Advisory Council proposes that the control Throughout 2008, the Advisory Council has of selected therapeutic substances will be continued to raise awareness to the initiative undertaken at the screening stage for drugs, for International Harmonisation for the control with harmonisation resulting from control of the of therapeutic substances commonly used drugs by agreed international screening limits. in equine veterinary practice. An update on This is the approach adopted by the member progress was circulated to all members of nations of the EHSLC who have currently the Association of Official Racing Chemists, agreed screening limits for 16 therapeutic the International Group of Specialist Racing substances and have harmonized their control. Veterinarians and Administrators of Racing Through the Advisory Council, negotiations are Authorities. Also, Dr Ed Houghton, Chair of the currently underway to encourage the adoption Advisory Council presented on this subject at of the EHSLC screening limits by racing the 17th ICRAV in Antalya, Turkey in October authorities outside Europe. The aim of the 2008 and at the Asian Racing Conference in Advisory Council was to achieve this before the Tokyo, Japan in November 2008. end of 2008 but delays in the provision of some data to these racing authorities for review has In March 2008 the Advisory Council submitted prolonged the process and the expectation is the following wording as an amendment to that this may now be achieved in 2009. Article 6 for consideration by the Executive Council: At its meeting in Antalya in 2008, in addition “The aim of signatory countries is that their to International Harmonisation, the Advisory laboratories should control the detection of Council also discussed a proposed new legitimate therapeutic substances through threshold for 5α-estrane-3α,17α-diol in male the application of internationally harmonised horses other than geldings, the possibility screening limits”. of thresholds for androgenic/anabolic 15 steroids in plasma, prohibited practices, the Activity Reports

IFHA Performance Specification List, the it be submitted to the Executive Council of Thoroughbred Industry Round Table held in the IFHA for consideration for publication the USA and the future of the International in the International Agreement on Breeding Conference of Racing Analysts and and Racing. The Advisory Council also Veterinarians. agreed to propose to the Executive Council The following decisions were reached on these that its name be changed to, “The Advisory matters: Council on Prohibited Substances and Welfare”. • Research studies have been on-going for a number of years to replace the • The Advisory Council considered possible estranediol: estrenediol ratio to control minor changes to the IFHA Performance nandrolone administration to male horses Specification List. These will be proposed other than geldings with an absolute to the Executive Council in 2009. threshold concentration for the nandrolone • Indications from the Thoroughbred Industry metabolite, 5α-estrane-3β,17α-diol. The Round Table held in the USA in August 2008 threshold proposed is 45 ng/ml in urine were that racing in the USA was entering a of 5α-estrane-3β,17α-diol in the free and new era and leaning towards closer ties to glucuroconjugated form. The Advisory the IFHA approach. The Advisory Council Council has taken steps to inform delegates requested updates on progress from the of the Annual Meeting of the Association USA representatives and considered it of Official Racing Chemists in Paris in would be advantageous to encourage such 2007 and the delegates of the 17th ICRAV developments. in Turkey in 2008 of the results of this research and the collaboration of a number of laboratories in a series of ring tests at Objectives 2009 the proposed new threshold. No objections The primary objective of the Advisory Council were raised and in December of 2008, the for 2009 are: Advisory Council submitted the following proposed new threshold for consideration • to agree International Screening Limits for by the Executive Council of IFHA: a number of therapeutic substances and thus foster international harmonization in Estranediol in male 0.045 microgram free the control of these substances; horses (other than and glucuroconjugated geldings) 5α-estrane-3β,17α-diol per • to increase harmonization between the IFHA millilitre in urine and the USA racing authorities through This was approved and has been included in the the organization of a joint meeting in the 2009 version of Article 6. (Afternote : Specific USA between the Advisory Council and instructions for the application of that threshold representatives of the Racing Medication were sent to laboratories, chief veterinarians and Testing Consortium (RMTC) and and racing authorities on 17 August 2009.) maintaining regular communication with • Laboratories in the USA and UK have the USA Authorities; and made significant progress in the analysis • to collaborate with the European Horserace of anabolic/androgenic steroids in plasma Scientific Liaison Committee to organizes using liquid chromatography – mass an international strategy meeting in spectrometry but were not yet ready to Newmarket. propose international thresholds. In addition, the Advisory Council will continue • At the 17th ICRAV in Turkey the International to work with the Federation, its Executive Group of Specialist Racing Veterinarians Council, racing authorities of member countries discussed prohibited practices in the horse and their analysts and veterinarians to promote and approved the document, “IGSRV international collaboration in research studies Principles for Acceptable Welfare Practices and provide veterinary and scientific advice to in Horseracing”. The Advisory Council ensure the welfare of the horse and maintain 16 considered this document and agreed that the integrity of racing. Activity Reports

International Movement of Horses Committee (IMHC)

The International Federation of Horseracing Authorities’ (IFHA) International Movement of Horses Committee (IMHC and hereafter called the Committee) acts as an international platform to exchange information and best practices to facilitate the safe international movement of horses. Committee Members are drawn from international jurisdictions with a major involvement in the international movement of horses and meet annually, most recently on 15 and 16 December 2008. The Committee conducts working group meetings at regional levels and members interact via electronic communication throughout the year on many ongoing matters.

Achievements 2008 The meeting was attended by new Member, Dr Salih Yurtalan of Turkey and the appointment The IMHC continued its core functions of: of representative from India Dr S Mani • Promoting timely and accurate disease Karthikeyan. reporting via the International Collating Centre (ICC) at the Animal health Trust, Newmarket, England. The meeting was also attended by • Promoting collaboration with national/ representatives of the Singapore Agriculture federal and international authorities, the OIE and Veterinary Authority and the Hong Kong and racing authorities with major objectives Special Administrative Region’s Agriculture, of monitoring tests, testing standards and Fisheries and Conservation Department. The schedules for certain diseases, vaccines involvement of government veterinary officers and vaccination programs with these is welcomed by the Committee and Members bodies. will encourage the participation of government • Contribution to ad hoc working groups officers in future meetings. and submitted comments to the OIE Code Commission on the revision of the Code’s Chapters pertaining to Equine Herpes Virus, Equine Influenza, Equine Viral Arteritis and Objectives 2009 West Nile Virus. The Committee is at an interesting phase of its development. The Committee provided considerable support to the Peoples Republic of China veterinary authorities to establish an Equine Specific Many of the original Members with considerable Disease Free Zone near Guangzhou for the experience and expertise have retired or conducts of the equestrian component of the will retire in the near future from their racing 2010 Asian Games. authorities. New Members are relatively less experienced in the international movement of horses. The annual meeting of the Committee saw the appointment of Brian D Stewart as Chairman upon the retirement of Dr Keith Watkins.

17 Activity Reports

There is also increased demand for the The Committee will continue to monitor the consultancy services of the Committee to developments with Bluetongue in Europe and provide advice and educational services to the implications for African Horse Sickness emerging racing authorities with ambitions and the effect on the international movement to develop their industries and to conduct of horses. international racing.

The Committee will continue to monitor and The Committee will need to ensure that the contribute to OIE Code Chapter revisions, also accumulated knowledge and wisdom of continue to monitor vaccines and vaccination older Members is retained in some form while programs and also the tests for specific addressing the needs of new Members to diseases of relevance to the international develop the experience required to facilitate movement of horses. the international movement of horses.

A re-structuring and broadening of the Committee to address the emerging challenges is a major priority for 2009. The Committee will also continue to promote collaboration between national/federal and international veterinary authorities, the OIE and racing authorities in order to facilitate the safe international movement of horses.

With the increasing number of horses travelling internationally and the apparently changing pathogen landscape the Committee will continue to emphases to all Members of the IFHA the importance of timely and accurate equine disease reporting utilizing the International Collating Centre at the Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, England.

18 Activity Reports

International Race Planning Advisory Committee (IRPAC)

The main missions of the IRPAC are to control enforcement of international criteria for grading races and to implement quality control on existing pattern and grading systems. The committee held its annual meeting in October in Paris.

Activities IRPAC approved the JRA plan for opening and promotion of their races as follows: The regional committees informed other members on the main developments in their • The forming of a Graded Race Committee and opening of the entire Graded races respective regions as follows: program in 2009 (27 races) and 2010 (24 • Europe reported on the introduction of a races). new methodology for assessing the quality • Agreement to accept ownership registration of open races for fillies and mares applications with interim measures for non- Confirmation of a Group 2 race for fillies residents starting in April, 2009. and mares over 12 furlongs (Newmarket • Removal of interim measures three years – mid October) which completed the after the first non-domiciled ownership European programme for fillies and mares registration is complete. implemented in 2004. • The USA reported that as a minimum requirement for Grade eligibility that state commissions should adopt or racetracks should include in their house rules the IRPAC compiled a survey of 23 countries model rule of the Association of Racing regarding how Groups/Grades are assigned. Commissioners International (ARCI) on androgenic anabolic steroids. IRPAC approved the promotion of Turkey That state commissions should adopt or from Part III to Part II and the promotion of the racetracks should include in their house rules the ARCI model rule on toe grabs on Bosphorus Cup (G2) and the Topkapi Trophy front feet. (G2) to Part I. If the above rules are not adopted then races would lose their Graded status and IRPAC adopted the following rule for the become eligible for grading once the rules assignment of weight penalties/allowances and are adopted. interpretation of race conditions for winning • The ARF reported on updates to the Global Group/Graded or Listed races: Sprint Challenge and Asian Mile Challenge. • For countries whose major races are Because of equine influenza crisis in published in Part I only or in both Part I Australia no races in the Australian pattern and Part II of the International Cataloguing were considered for upgrade and no races Standards (ICS) book: races are regarded were downgraded based on their 2007-08 as Group/Graded races of the Group/Grade running. indicated or as Listed Races if no Group/ Grade is mentioned.

19 Activity Reports

• For countries whose major races are Objectives 2009 published in Part II only of the ICS book: races are regarded as Listed Races The committee has the following objectives for whatever the indicated Group/Grade. 2009: • For countries whose major races are • IRPAC plans to continue to review work by published in Part III or not published in the the World Ranking Supervisory Committee ICS book: a race with Group 1 National (WRSC) to produce a unified Weight for Age status is regarded as a Listed Race scale to cover the second half the three year old season. • IRPAC plans to continue to review This rule becomes effective January 1, work performed by the WRSC toward 2009, with races prior to January 1, 2009 harmonising the rating scales of OSAF retrospectively evaluated based on the new countries with international ratings. rule. When referring to the ICS book to assist with interpretation of the rule, the publication for the appropriate year should be referenced based on the date of each race.

20 Activity Reports

World Rankings Supervisory Committee

The World Rankings Supervisory Committee In addition to the full annual list, the WTR will (WRSC) is a Sub-Committee of the International also be published on an interim basis throughout Race Planning Advisory Committee. the year, in each case encompassing the top 50 horses in the world based on performances The principal responsibilities of the Committee in the preceding six months. These interim are to: publications replace the World’s Leading • Administer and direct the compilation of the Horses lists. World Thoroughbred Rankings; • Provide official ratings to all international bodies and racing organisers; Activities

• Co-ordinate work between handicappers The Committee met in Paris in October. Among internationally and the publication of ratings the topics discussed were the establishment of throughout the world; a weight-for-age scale which could be adopted • Advise any country on the implementation by the IFHA, harmonisation of allowances for of a classification and ratings system; fillies and mares in Group and Graded races, • Advise any country on integration into the methods of standardising the treatment of fillies World Thoroughbred Rankings; and mares in the calculation of race ratings and the full integration of the South American • Create, develop and update a web site with racing nations into the World Thoroughbred all international ratings. Rankings.

The World Thoroughbred Rankings (WTR) are The Committee arranged and conducted the the official end of season assessment of the two annual World Thoroughbred Rankings top thoroughbred racehorses. Conferences, which took place in Del Mar in July and Hong Kong in December. The Until 2008, two editions of the Rankings were 2007/2008 World Rankings were published in published each year, one in January and one August 2008, and the 2008 World Rankings in in August, corresponding with the world’s two January 2009. The Committee also compiled racing seasons. and published eight editions of the World’s Leading Horses.

From 2008 onwards, there will be one annual edition of the World Thoroughbred Rankings, published each January. The WTR will comprise all horses which have run during the calendar year, and which have been rated at 115 or above by the World Thoroughbred Rankings Conference.

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Achievements Objectives 2009

• The compilation of the World Thoroughbred Among the main objectives for the Committee Rankings and the eight editions of the in 2009 are the following: World’s Leading Horses; • Further promotion and advancement of the • The successful amalgamation of the World Thoroughbred Rankings; two end of season editions of the World Thoroughbred Rankings into one • Expansion and development of the World comprehensive annual publication; Thoroughbred Rankings web site; • The introduction of enhancements to • Progression of the full integration of the the World Thoroughbred Rankings and South American racing nations into the World’s Leading Horses sections of the World Thoroughbred Rankings; IFHA website, along with an expansion in • Continued research on the production of a content. harmonised weight-for-age scale; • Review of the World Thoroughbred Rankings.

22 Activity Reports

Committee for the Harmonisation of Raceday Rules

The Committee for the Harmonisation of Raceday Rules was formed in late 2007. The IFHA recognized that the increased television coverage of horseracing in many countries has accelerated international betting which makes the problem of different Rules and interpretation thereof more difficult for punters and racing fans to comprehend. Racing cannot run the risk of international punters becoming disgruntled by different results being called in different countries. It was agreed that for racing to win back fans and punters there was a need to follow the lead of other international sports which play by the same Rules no matter where in the world that sport takes place.

The objective of the Committee is to encourage stated differently, but for the interference the the maximum number of countries to adopt a sufferer would not have beaten the interferer, common approach to the application of major the interferer retains it place, and raceday rules. 2. countries whose rules provide that if the interferer is guilty of causing interference and such interference has affected the result of The terms of reference are: the race then the interferer is placed behind 1. To identify those rules, in consultation with the sufferer. the Executive Council of the IFHA, where a common approach would most benefit racing internationally. The first Rules identified were In both the above categories there is a provision the interference/objection Rules. for disqualification in the case of severe and/or dangerous interference. 2. To draft proposed articles in respect of those rules, for approval by the Executive Council The majority of the countries within the Asian and subsequent inclusion in the International Racing Federation fall into category 1 as do Agreement on Breeding, Racing and Britain and Ireland. Category 2 countries Wagering. include France, Germany, Japan, USA and South America. 3. To draft proposals, taking into account fairness, integrity, safety and welfare of To illustrate the difference in interpretation horse and rider, commercial factors and the of the Rules in simple terms, if in scenario 1 confidence of the betting public. the winner causes interference to the fourth placed horse, the winner will retain first place unless the stewards are of the opinion that but for the interference the fourth placed horse Activities 2008 would have beaten the winner, in which case the winner would be placed behind the fourth The Committee identified that broadly placed horse. In scenario 2. if the winner speaking the rules in regard to interference/ causes interference to the fourth placed horse objections in most member countries fall into and the stewards are of the opinion that, but two categories: for the interference, the fourth placed horse 1. countries whose rules provide, in general would have finished third, then the winner will terms, that if the interferer finishes in front be placed behind the fourth placed horse with of the sufferer and has not improved its which it interfered even though it beat this placing as a result of the interference or horse by a considerable margin.

23 Activity Reports

In looking at these two scenarios, it can be Objectives 2009 argued in scenario 1 that the horse which won The Committee, whilst acknowledging the on merit will be allowed to retain the race albeit two diametrically opposed philosophies that it may have prevented another horse from and difference in interpretation with regard obtaining the best possible position in the to interference/objections, will endeavour race whilst in scenario 2 it can be argued that to identify whether countries might change winners are often unfairly demoted where they their doctrine into the future and how we achieved the win on merit. might progress towards a common rule and Clearly the different interpretations arise from interpretation. the fact that historically racing authorities The Committee will draft, for submission to and worldwide have drawn up their own rules and approval by the Executive Council of the IFHA, these have been based on the culture of the a proposed minimum standards guideline for relevant authority reflecting local ideals and the use of the whip. laws and particularly local betting cultures. The Committee will survey member countries During 2008 whips and the use thereof became regarding the rules for weighing in and a very sensitive issue in a number of countries out, equipment carried, over/under weight including, inter alia, Australia, Canada and allowances and allowances for the use of the USA. The Committee felt that there was safety vests. an urgent need to establish an internationally acceptable minimum standard rule for use of Issues such as false starts and the voiding of the whip and the use of more horse friendly races will also be debated. whips such as the padded “Pro-cush” whip be recommended.

The Committee identified that whilst Article 8 of the International Agreements sets out what jockeys carry when weighing in and out, and this is followed by the majority of countries, there is a difference between the majority of jurisdictions in relation the amount of over/ under weight allowed as well as the treatment of fractions and the allowances for safety vests.

24 Activity Reports

Steering Committee on Wagering

The Steering Committee on Wagering worked together with Maurits Bruggink, IFHA’s Executive Director on policies to protect racing from piracy of its product. The Committee, consisting of Bertrand Bélinguier of PMU, Winfried Engelbrecht-Bresges of The Hong Kong Jockey Club and Alan Marzelli of The Jockey Club (US), met once and held several conference calls during 2008. Several meetings and conference calls were organised with tote operators.

The key components of the IFHA Action Plan Racing Betting & Business Forum on Wagering in 2008 were the promotion of The IFHA organized a first Racing Betting & international commingling, the promotion of Business Forum, which was held on 3 October the Racing Trust Mark and the organisation at the premises of French pari-mutuel operator of a Racing Betting & Business Forum. PMU. It attracted 50 participants from 20 Other activities of the Committee included different countries and participants included the representation of the IFHA positions on tote operators, racing TV channels, third party wagering at different national and international distributors of tote products, written media and forums, the contents management of the IFHA other rights holders. website, the briefing and advice of Members on key wagering developments and facilitating Speakers included representatives from the adoption of a harmonised data transfer the following organisations: Breeders’ Cup, standard. Tabcorp, ATG, PMU, Phumelela, AtTheRaces, Equidia, Youbet and Sky Channel. The Forum was organised in cooperation with the European International Commingling Pari-Mutuel Association, EPMA.

IFHA worked successfully with the US led A number of threats and opportunities were group of tote operators TRA2020 towards the identified at the Forum. In general, participants establishment of a new standard for intra-tote agreed on the unique opportunities offered communications. The standard, ITSP version by cross-border transmission of races and 6.0, takes into account the comments made commingling. by a number of international tote operators and should facilitate their future commingling with operators that have different technical Racing Trust Mark systems. Several Racing Trust Mark bulletins have been issued for subscribers and the website has been updated. The High Level Tote Group met in Paris on 3 October to discuss issues of common interest. The number of signatories to the Racing Trust Two service companies gave presentations Mark (RTM) remained stable at a relatively low on their proposition to facilitate commingling. level. A few subscribers failed to pay their Two initiatives were abandoned due to a lack subscription. The original goal, the RTM as of interest: the creation of a global trifecta bet requirement for doing business with racing with participating totes from around the world rights holders, has not been put into practice and the creation of a tote information website. by rights holders.

25 Activity Reports

Other Activities Objectives 2009

The Executive Director held a number of The main objectives for 2009 include the presentations throughout the world, at following: commercial conferences as well members’ • Advocacy of IFHA’s key principles on fair events to promote the principles of fair trading trade in the racing product; to offer betting in the racing product. only where it is legal and; only with the consent of the racing’s rights holder. The advocacy should translate into favorable IFHA attended, as an official observer, a meeting positions of international organisations like of the Steering Committee of Copyrights of the WTO, WIPO or OECD and should assist World Intellectual Property rights Organisation members’ advocacy programmes when (WIPO) in Geneva. It offered an opportunity to required. advocate racing’s rights on data and images. • The promotion of international commingling should continue, with a focus on exchange of information and best practices. IFHA attended meetings of the Sports Rights • The Racing Trust Mark, which is still in a trial Owners Coalition in London. This group period, will be reviewed at the end of 2009, represents the interests of a number of key taking into account the new orientations on sporting bodies and is Chaired by BHA’s Chief the Federation’s strategy and organisation. Executive Nic Coward. The group’s main aim is to defend IP rights with respect to the use of • Organisation of a second Racing Betting & Business Forum data, images and betting.

The Wagering Action Plan continued its communications program with the distribution of memoranda to members on regulatory and wagering related developments around the world. External communications continued through press releases and the updates of the IFHA website. The second Annual Report was published in July 2008.

26 Activity Reports

Communications

The Federation’s internal communications aimed to inform members about key regulatory and political developments in both racing and wagering matters. External communications aimed to present on the one hand some specific information on horseracing, like annual statistics or the World Thoroughbred Racehorse Ranking and, on the other hand, the Federation’s view on the fair trade in the racing product.

The Federation’s communications also aimed Presentations were given at gaming to present a different view as that expressed in conference in Austria, Turkey and Spain, the various trade and general press and at the while representations were made at the World many online gaming conferences. The other Intellectual Property Organisation’s Standing communications do often not consider the Committee on Copyrights, the European Pari- economics of racing. Mutuel Association and the Sports Rights Owners Coalition. The IFHA participated at the Asian Racing Conference in Tokyo and attended the US Jockey Club Round Table in Website Saratoga.

Website visits continued to grow, although still more than 50% of the visits originated from one country, the USA. Members’ Memoranda More than 100 news articles have been put on During the year, 26 Memoranda have been the website’s section “News Headlines”. Other distributed to members, providing analysis elements that have been regularly updated and advice on a variety of topics, such as were the sections “Results & Fixtures”, world trade policy, WTO dispute settlement, “Meetings & Events” and “World Thoroughbred gambling regulation in the European Union and Racehorse Rankings”. The latter remained the the development of commingling. most popular page of the website.

The website continued to enjoy technical support of the US Jockey Club, as well as sponsorship of Irish Thoroughbred Marketing Media and the French Racing & Breeding Committee. As each year, trade press has been invited to attend the open session of the Annual Conference. The IFHA press list is managed Outside Presentations by France Galop and regularly updated. The Secretariat has encouraged all IFHA members The Executive Director has represented to promote its communications domestically. the views of the Federation on a number of occasions. IFHA issued various media releases, such as on the World Thoroughbred Racehorse Rankings and the IFHA Annual Conference.

27 Activity Reports

International Stud Book Committee

The International Stud Book Committee is an independent body that aims to establish standards of stud book operations that will ensure the integrity and future development of the Thoroughbred breed and provide the foundation necessary for a healthy international Thoroughbred industry. During its annual meeting on 30 September and 1 October 2008, the committee discussed its work programme, of which the main elements are mentioned below.

Review of the Eight Crosses Principle for Unusual Coat Colours in Thoroughbreds Thoroughbreds The Committee identified as an objective during At its 2007 meeting the ISBC agreed to seek discussions on this subject last year, that a the views of all Approved Stud Books on the generic description should be established for proposition that the requirement for a minimum those Thoroughbreds displaying coat patterns of eight crosses of Thoroughbred blood might which diverge from traditional coat colours. In be reduced to six crosses. This proposal had particular a description was required which arisen in the light of continuing exclusion of the racing public and media could readily horses with apparent Thoroughbred lineage, recognise. the full recording of which had been interrupted during the period of the Second World War. The Committee decided that the best description appropriate for worldwide The ISBC decided, in accordance with the use would be “PAINTED”, which could be overwhelming view of Approved Stud Books, abbreviated to “Pt”. This will not prevent Stud not to alter this fundamental tenant of the Book Authorities additionally maintaining within definition of a Thoroughbred. It did however their database records a more comprehensive consider that the exclusion of the bloodlines colour description to complement this new in question was unreasonable given the collective colour term. exceptional external circumstances. In future therefore an ISBC Reviewer may propose the promotion to Thoroughbred status of a horse In accordance with the ISBC decision taken in which, because of circumstances completely 2004 that any new coat colour in Thoroughbreds beyond the control of the breeder (notably must be authorised, the Committee also war), could not be recorded with full supporting received a request to sanction use of the coat documentation at birth but which evidently was colour description, Cremello. This application, a thoroughbred in all other respects. made by Great Britain and Ireland, included the affirmative analysis to the effect that the horse in question ELECTRUM (USA), had been shown via a genotype test to have a double dose of the colour diluting gene which would result in a Cremello coat colour. Its use was approved.

28 Activity Reports

Newly Approved and Emerging Stud Books The ISBC requested the Secretariat to contact all organisations which carry worldwide The number of Approved Stud Books reached 66 thoroughbred breeding statistics to inform with the Lithuanian Stud Book being approved them that in future they will provide a single at the meeting in addition to the Serbian Stud central point for provision of global breeding Book (which was approved by correspondence statistics. in January 2008). Additionally the meeting accepted the request from breeders in Bosnia and Herzegovina to have their foals recorded in Promotion to Vehicle Status the Serbian Book. The ISBC approved promotion to vehicle status of MIHO AYAME (JPN) a bay mare foaled in Work continued with a number of emerging 1999 by MIHONO BOURBON (JPN) out of Stud Books, including Syria who had recently TERUNO WAKAKUSA (JPN). undergone their inspection by representatives of the Asian Stud Book Conference. Subsequent to the meeting the Members agreed to Names of Breeding Stock to be added to the Approve the Syrian Stud Book bringing the International List of Protected Names. total worldwide to 67. The following names of horses were put forward to the IFHA for inclusion in the list of Internationally Protected Names, all being the Collation of Breeding Statistics dams of a minimum of two Group 1 winners In light of the ISBC’s acceptance that it and the winner of at least one other Black Type should carry responsibility for gathering race. The mares’ names are:- annual breeding statistics from all Stud Book Authorities, as reported to the IFHA in 2007, the Committee was presented with a new, ALOUETTE, BETTER THAN HONOUR, BRIGID, comprehensive statistical report. This included LARAMIE, LAVA GOLD, LINGERIE, NOTE returns from 62 Stud Book Authorities. Full MUSICALE, SOLO DE LUNE, TOLGA. details of the newly prepared data was to be sent to all Approved Stud Book Authorities and to the Technical Advisory Committee of the IFHA.

29 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

Executive Summary

This appendix sets out the significant economic contribution of Thoroughbred horseracing around the world, the importance of the sport in terms of wealth creation, innovation and jobs, and its cultural significance for diverse communities throughout the world.

The Global Sport of Racing Employment

Racing is a global sport. In 2008, 244,000 People employed by the horseracing industry different horses participated in 160,000 flat and cover a wide variety of skills and include breeders jump races. There is a horserace somewhere in of race horses, trainers, jockeys, stable staff, the world every three minutes. administrative staff at tracks and race clubs, and The sport generates revenues through a diverse people employed in the betting industry. range of activities, such as broadcast rights, sponsorship, raceday attendance and hospitality. Taxation Unlike other sports, racing has also developed in the majority of nations through a close relationship Racing often makes a sizeable tax contribution with betting. to national economies through betting taxes, employment taxes, sales tax on racecourse Race meetings have a substantial impact on the generated revenues and on the sale of local communities and their economy. In addition racehorses, and corporate tax on profits of racing to the direct impact of hosting a race meeting organisations. The most significant is betting tax, on the racecourse itself, there is also an indirect which amounted to over 6 billion euros in 2008. impact from activity associated with the raceday itself such as additional spending by racegoers on travel, accommodation, off-course food and Integrity beverages, etc. Governments and racing bodies apply tough rules Racecourses represent important capital and regulations to protect the integrity of racing investments with the leading courses being against those who want to alter the outcome of internationally known. the racing event by unauthorised ways in order to gain financial benefit from betting. Breeding Welfare In 2008, almost 320 000 horses were involved in the thoroughbred breeding industry, either The safety and welfare of racing participants, as stallion, mare or foal. The breeding industry both human and equine, is a top priority. employs tens of thousands of people, many of which are in rural and less developed areas.

Betting

Horseracing and betting are interlinked, with over 85 billion euros bet on horseracing in 2008.

30 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

The Global Sport of Racing

Racing is a truly global sport and present in every continent in the world. The countries indicated in green on the map below are member of the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities and currently have significant racing activity. The organisation of the sport involves a number of distinct and independent players. The racecourses organise the raceday, the owners of racehorses bring in the horses, trainers prepare the horses for competition and are assisted by stable staff, jockeys ride the horses, transport companies bring horses to competitions, veterinarians take care of the animal’s health, and administrators regulate the sport. The costs of keeping racehorses and staging race events are high and are paid by a number of sources of income, including a share from betting, admissions, sponsor contributions, sales of media rights, race entry fees, corporate hospitality, etc. To get an idea of the size of racing activity; 244,000 different horses participated in 160,000 flat and jump races in 2008. Appendix 2 shows 2008 data on races and horses by country.

Owners France. Popular clubs and syndicates can have up to thousands of members, making racehorse Owners are a vital link in horseracing’s economic ownership possible for a wide public. chain, as they make a risk investment to supply Appendix 2 lists a number of countries with their the necessary contenders at races, as well percentage of training costs covered by prize providing funds to trainers. Besides the cost of money for 2008. They tend not to fluctuate much acquiring a racehorse, owners incur a number of from year to year because they are the result of the other costs in relation to the training and racing division of two different factors (prize money and of horses, like feeding and bedding, veterinarian training costs) that do not change dramatically advice, transport, jockey fees and insurance. from year to year. The average training cost Owners seek to cover their costs through the strongly depends on labour cost, which varies winning of prize money, from their horse’s considerably from country to country, as do other performance in a race. In some countries, owners overheads such as transportation. obtain premiums, depending on where the horse was bred. Trainers In most countries, the average owners’ income (prize money and premiums) is considerably Trainers prepare the horses for them to achieve lower than the average costs of keeping a horse the best possible performance in racing, in training. Although owners, on average, expect consistent always with the welfare of the animal. not to recuperate their costs, a winning horse Training operations range in size from small part can give a high return on investment, not only time trainers with perhaps only one horse, to top through prize money, but also by the “stud rights” yards with over 200 horses, often catering for the (breeding or bloodstock value) it represents at top horses and owners. the end of the horse’s racing career. However, Trainers’ primary revenue source is the training only a very small minority of owners is ever able fees paid by owners. In many countries, trainers to enjoy stud rights of any importance. may also keep a proportion of the prize money Joint ownership through syndicates exists in earned by the horses they train. Trainers employ many countries, like the UK, Japan, Ireland or assistants and stable staff. 31 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

Racecourses attendances, which in turn have a substantial direct impact on tourism and local economies. There are around 1,500 racecourses in the world, The key components of racecourse income can including racecourses for flat, jump, trotting or a include: revenues from on and/or off-course combination. betting, admission revenues, catering income, The total global raceday attendance was sale of race broadcast images, sponsorship and an estimated 104 million in 2004. Certain other related activities. race meetings, or festivals, attract very large

IFHA members in green

Breeding

Breeding is a highly skilled activity, which aims to produce horses of a specialist nature. The availability and quality of racehorses are important elements of the racing industry. All thoroughbred racehorses originate from 3 stallions of the 18th century. A global organisation of studbooks ensures the genealogical integrity of the thoroughbred racehorse. Other than thoroughbred races, which cover the vast majority of horseraces around the world, horseraces are also organised with other breeds, like Arabian or standard bred. The latter is mainly used for trotting races. Breeding of thoroughbred racehorses has developed into a truly international industry with mares travelling all over the world to be covered by top stallions in key breeding countries. The top stallions also travel, usually from one hemisphere to the other in specific breeding seasons. Thoroughbred studbook rules forbid any form of artificial insemination. In recent years, it has become common for foals born in one part of the world to spend their racing (and breeding) careers in a country in a different part of the world. In 2008, almost 320 000 horses were involved in the thoroughbred breeding industry, either as stallion, mare or foal. Around 9 000 stallions were responsible for covering 190 000 mares that gave birth to around 119 000 foals. Appendix 2 lists the horses involved in breeding by country.

A key rural activity Many of the smaller stud farms are part of the broader farming and agricultural activity. For Breeding is an activity that typically requires these farmers, breeding of racehorses represents significant land, although the size of breeding a diversification of their activities, and acts as an establishments does vary considerably. important additional income source. Dedicated stud farms can be home for hundreds of mares. However, the majority of stud farms are smaller - holding between 1 to 5 mares. 32 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

Employment Sales

Racing and Breeding are labour-intensive Horses can change ownership through private activities; generating direct employment among sales, but many horses, in particular foals and principally breeders, stable staff, veterinary and yearlings, are sold at auctions. farriery services. In addition to direct employment, the breeding industry supports jobs in a variety Support measures of equine services, such as veterinarians, farriers, feed industry and transport. [The breeding In view of the important role of breeding to industry also supports the development of the racing sector, many countries have set up the many equine research centres around the schemes to support and/or encourage breeding world.] of racehorses. The schemes are sometimes funded by the industry and sometimes by government. The most common support measures are premiums for breeders. In some countries, racehorses sold by breeders are subject to a reduced Sales tax rate.

Betting & Taxation

Horseracing and betting are interlinked, and have developed together in the vast majority of major racing nations, with more than 85 billion euros bet around the world on horseracing in 2008. Appendix 2 lists the betting volume by country. In each country, betting is considered a more than average sensitive activity that requires special legislation. Public policy concerns are the reason why governments in many parts of the world limit the offering of betting services to a single, non-for profit organisation, excluding competition and commercial companies.

Forms of betting the chances of each horse to win and offers his odds accordingly. At the end of the day, the In pari-mutuel, or tote betting, all bets on a race bookmaker aims to pay out fewer winnings than are put into one pool. At the end of the race, a the bets (or stakes) that he received. percentage of the pool is taken out as taxes, Pari-mutuel betting exists in almost every another percentage as contribution to racing country in the world, except those where betting and a percentage to the betting organisation. is forbidden. Bookmaking is allowed in a small The remainder is paid out as winnings. The number of countries, most notably Britain, Ireland percentages varies by country and bet type, but and Australia. usually is somewhere between 70 and 80%. However, there are a growing number of In bookmaking, an individual or company (the organisations and marketing bookmaking bookmaker), takes a bet from bettors at a fixed services through the internet and phone. odd. In other words, for every unit that a bettor is prepared to bet on a horse to win (or any other In recent years, and due to technological defined event to occur), the bookmaker will offer development, bettors can take bets from each a fixed winning price. A bookmaker estimates other on so-called Internet betting exchanges. 33 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

A betting exchange allows an individual to do Intellectual Property Rights what is usually only allowed by licensed A bettor generally prefers pre-race data and bookmakers and that is to take a bet from audio-visual images to select his horse and enjoy another individual. Most countries in the world the race. Broadcasters and betting operators forbid this form of betting for fear of the integrity pay in most countries for data and images. The of the sport, as it makes it possible for bettors to beneficiary is the rights holder, which can be bet on a horse to lose. the racecourses, horsemen (owners, trainers, jockeys), a representative body or a combination Return to racing of these. Each nation that allows any form of betting by Race data is in most countries subject to its nationals has also devised a national legal copyright, while race images are mostly subject mechanism by which there is a return from that to broadcast rights and/or applicable copyright. betting back to the sport. The market value of both is largely determined As mentioned above, the total betting volume by the value of potential betting it represents. serves in each country to pay out the winnings Although these rights are not traded in many to winning bettors, pay taxes and pay the countries, where a single operator controls both organisation of racing and betting. The betting’s the betting and racing side, these rights are return to racing is used for prize money, the always used when betting is offered on domestic management of the races - including integrity races in foreign countries. controls, racecourse management, etc - and organisation of the betting in some countries. Size From the global betting volume in 2005, There are a wide variety of factors that determine around 75% was paid out as winnings, 3.7% the size of a national betting on horseracing but as contribution to racing and the remaining typically these include: 21.3% as other take outs, largely taxes. These • popularity of horseracing & consumer percentages can differ much from country to preferences; country. However, betting revenues generally contribute the main source of income for racing, • consumer buying power & general economic except for a few countries where betting is outlook; forbidden. • regulation of the betting and gambling market The pari-mutuel forms of betting around the world (whether competing forms of gambling are return most to racing, although the level of return allowed, how off-rack distribution is regulated, varies much depending on the country. This is what types of bets are allowed, etc.); for example around 16% in Argentina, 7,8% in • taxation (the betting product has a great price- France or 2.3% in Hong Kong. Bookmaking demand flexibility, see further in thisappendix ) returns much less to racing. For example, in Great Britain the return is around 1% of betting Unlawful betting volume or 10% of gross win (stakes less payout). The return to racing from exchange betting is Throughout the world, betting is subject to strict less than 0.5%. government control. Unlawful operators look Cross-border bookmakers and exchanges to offer betting services but avoid controls, the generally return nothing to the sport, and operate payment of taxes and contributions to racing. largely as “pirates”. In many countries, a high betting tax has lead to illegal betting, as bettors looked for higher returns on their bets. A high and rigid level of betting tax leads to smaller payouts to winnings. 34 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

A flexible tax system, for example one that allows Taxes can either be on profits of the operator pari-mutuel operators to adjust the tax level and or on its turnover. Taxes on profits are generally take-out rates, has proved to be an effective way lower and more flexible. Most countries apply a to tackle illegal betting. turnover-based tax. At present, there is no globally enforceable right Governments have a key role to ensure that that racing can use to ensure that only reputable racing receives sufficient ongoing funding by: and lawful traders in other countries are offering • the adoption of appropriate taxation regimes bets on its product. and policies • policing of illegal betting which makes no Taxation contribution to racing’s funding • local support for racecourses and other racing The total betting tax contribution of racing in entities in their initiatives to diversify revenue 2008 was around 6 billion euros. Appendix 2 streams (supporting planning applications, gives an overview of betting tax contribution by provision of grants, tourist promotion, etc) country. The support of governments is particularly In addition to the considerable betting tax important given the diversification in global betting contribution usually made by the racing sector, activities and products over the last decade. further tax is generated from employment tax; This has resulted in racing facing a challenging value added tax and corporate tax. environment in which to maintain its current level of funding from the betting industry. Integrity & Welfare

Integrity apply. These are strict everywhere in the world and punishment for the manipulation of race One of the key public policy concerns for both results to gain betting benefits can be tough. the regulator and the racing participants is to maintain the integrity of the sport as individuals may be tempted to alter the outcome of the Safety & Welfare racing event by unauthorised ways in order to gain financial benefit from betting. The safety and welfare of racing participants, both human and equine, is a top priority. Although The main task of racing authorities around the horseracing, like many other sports, carries world is to ensure the fair, rule based conduct certain risks, policies by governments and racing of horseraces. Racing authorities have laid these authorities are aimed to minimize these risks. rules down and have systems in place to monitor These policies usually include: compliance to the rules before and during the race with respect to breed, medication and • Standards for protective equipment of jockeys race conduct. Unauthorised conduct by racing • Conditions for racecourses participants can be sanctioned by disciplinary • Rules on racing, like the use of the whip measures. • Standards of care for horses before, during Manipulation of races can sometimes be identified and after the race by unusual betting patterns. Betting operators • Veterinary inspections of horses and therefore have a responsibility in maintaining the medication integrity of races. • Prevention of racing by unsuitable horses In addition to racing authorities’ rules, government • Other laws and regulations affecting racing and betting 35 Appendix 1 - The Economics of Racing

Horseracing’s funding model

There are substantial costs involved in the organisation of horseracing. These include the breeding and training of racehorses, operation of racecourses and betting infrastructure and various related activities. In the chapters above, we already touched upon some of the main cost and income streams.

In brief In addition to prize money, many countries have systems in place to encourage ownership costs include: personnel, Racecourses’ and breeding through the allocation of owners’ maintenance of track and stands, prize money, premiums, as mentioned above. marketing and others. Income sources include: The global prize money in racing including betting contributions, attendance, catering, premiums in 2008 is over 2,5 billion euros. sponsorship and sale of images/TV rights. Appendix 2 gives a table of prize money per costs include the purchase of horses, Owners’ country. feeding, retaining trainers and jockeys, transport, Trainers, jockeys receive service fees by owners. veterinary. Income sources are prize money, The costs of trainers include stable costs and owners’ premiums and (sometimes) stallion staff. rights. Breeders’ costs include purchase of horses, Prize Money feeding, veterinary, stallion rights. Income includes: sale of horses and stallion rights. Owners win prize money through the performance Betting organisations’ costs include personnel of their racehorses at races. Although joy, and buildings, purchase of race data and images, competitiveness and prestige are some of the other marketing, information technology and others. important reasons for an owner to participate at Income comes mainly from betting revenues. the sport, many would not necessarily participate Others with a direct or indirect income from if they where unable to recuperate some of the horseracing include specialised written media costs or have the prospect of making profits in and TV, tourism industry, manufacturers of case of a consistently successful horse. racetrack surface and equipment

36 Appendix 2

Statistics

The following statistics have been collected The way in which the breeding, racing and from IFHA member organizations through an wagering statistics are organised differs greatly annual statistical survey, with the exception from country to country. This results in some of some attendance figures from major racing inconsistencies and gaps in the returns. events or racing festivals, which have been collected from the racecourses directly. Nevertheless, the attached statistics provide a unique and comprehensive overview of If there is no data shown for a specific country, Thoroughbred activity around the world. it means that the racing authority in that country has not replied to the survey. If only specific data elements are missing regarding a country, Contents: it means that the local racing authority does • Racing & Race Courses not have that data available. - Flat - Jump • Prize Money The racing statistics cover flat and jump races only; generally, we have excluded trotting • Betting & Deductions races. This report will indicate by footnote the • Breeding exceptional case where the figures for gallop • Top Attendances and trotting could not be separated.

37 Appendix 2

Racing flat & jump 2008

Racing, Flat 2008 Racing, Jump 2008 Different Different Average Average Average Average Horses Jump Horses Country Flat Races Starts Runners Starts Per Starts Runners Starts Per Having Races Having Per Race Horse Per Race Horse Run Run Argentina 5754 10338 53166 9,2 5,1 Australia 17065 29526 172261 10,1 5,8 146 446 1280 8,8 2,9 Austria 62 198 532 8,6 2,7 1 7 9 9,0 1,3 Bahrain 165 308 1536 9,3 5,0 Belgium 168 407 1516 9,0 3,7 4 35 39 9,8 1,1 Brazil 4564 5293 33785 7,4 6,4 Bulgaria 14 120 - Canada 4950 4950 - Croatia 35 81 162 4,6 2,0 Cyprus 1057 1492 10478 9,9 7,0 Czech Republic 350 925 - 173 537 - Denmark 290 668 4032 13,9 6,0 France 4660 8903 52494 11,3 5,9 2194 4087 23397 10,7 5,7 Germany 1515 2626 13767 9,1 5,2 58 63 421 7,3 6,7 Great Britain 6128 10186 61998 10,1 6,1 3366 8552 36016 10,7 4,2 Greece 1196 1193 10537 8,8 8,8 Hong Kong 735 1233 9188 12,5 7,5 Hungary 327 471 2754 8,4 5,8 4 14 26 6,5 1,9 India 2578 3644 23591 9,2 6,5 Ireland 1020 2548 13148 12,9 5,2 1434 5511 21444 15,0 3,9 Italy 4109 5752 35079 8,5 6,1 196 556 1519 7,8 2,7 Japan 17612 24152 185693 10,5 7,7 132 258 1759 13,3 6,8 Korea 1859 3067 20494 11,0 6,7 Lebanon 348 348 1985 5,7 5,7 Lithuania 44 29 163 3,7 5,6 Macau 636 671 7454 11,7 11,1 Madagascar 90 52 _ Malaysia 725 1280 8588 11,8 6,7 Mauritius 256 386 2272 8,9 5,9 Mexico 1411 1600 12094 8,6 7,6 Morocco 462 557 3932 8,5 7,1 Netherlands 87 185 672 7,7 3,6 New Zealand 2970 5512 31276 10,5 5,7 129 354 1098 8,5 3,1 Norway 274 541 2627 9,6 4,9 6 11 43 7,2 3,9 Peru 1941 1391 15876 8,2 11,4 Poland 508 761 4057 8,0 5,3 13 7 91 7,0 13,0 Qatar 359 500 3000 8,4 6,0 Russia 835 2131 5010 6,0 2,4 7 17 42 6,0 2,5 Saudi Arabia 493 1613 7385 15,0 4,6 Singapore 752 1165 8379 11,1 7,2 Slovakia 129 360 1090 8,4 3,0 24 83 181 7,5 2,2 South Africa 3806 6725 41790 11,0 6,2 Sweden 629 1233 5918 9,4 4,8 20 62 149 7,5 2,4 Switzerland 171 363 1898 11,1 5,2 51 95 333 6,5 3,5 Tunisia 360 580 3450 9,6 5,9 Turkey 4147 4714 41833 10,1 8,9 United Arab Emirates 308 1044 3599 11,7 3,4 United States of America 49951 66501 409272 8,2 6,2 168 437 1336 8,0 3,1 Uruguay 1043 1826 9474 9,1 5,2

38 Venezuela 3032 2926 25794 8,5 8,8 Total 151980 223075 1365099 9,0 6,1 8126 21132 89183 11,0 4,2 Appendix 2

Number of races

200000 flat jump

160000

120000

80000

40000

0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 americas asia europe

Racing by Region 2008

flat

jump

americas asia europe americas asia europe Europe 31 572 americas asia europe

flat

jump Americas Asia 74 411 55 219

flat

flat jump

jump

39 Appendix 2

Breeding 2006-2008 Breeding % of global foal Stallions Mares Foals Total production 2006 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 2008 Algeria 32 235 183 450 Argentina 916 917 13 065 12 271 7 430 7 538 8 154 7 430 21 519 21 342 6,8 Australia 882 827 819 29 070 29 706 29 075 18 413 18 255 17 827 48 365 48 788 47 721 15,2 Austria 11 11 75 64 42 50 31 128 50 106 0,0 Bahrain 45 36 116 112 69 72 54 230 72 202 0,1 Belgium 14 11 59 63 43 35 35 43 108 109 0,0 Brazil 275 277 4 060 3 854 3 079 2 984 2 924 3 079 7 319 7 055 2,2 Bulgaria 20 107 56 48 57 56 48 184 0,1 Canada 261 294 3 169 3 309 2 634 2 650 2 550 2 634 6 080 6 153 2,0 Chile 160 137 - 2 490 2 408 - 1 824 1 820 - 4 474 4 365 - - Croatia 13 14 33 59 41 94 18 17 25 90 72 152 0,0 Cyprus 62 64 60 804 824 824 387 328 280 1 253 1 216 1 164 0,4 Czech Republic 56 47 49 651 630 530 322 311 309 1 029 988 888 0,3 Denmark 22 19 218 251 142 165 188 382 165 458 0,1 France 417 426 407 8 691 9 004 8 775 5 373 5 393 5 420 14 481 14 823 14 602 4,6 Germany 81 81 79 2 224 2 240 2 092 1 201 1 278 1 245 3 506 3 599 3 416 1,1 Great Britain 374 352 345 11 326 11 091 10 740 5 794 5 948 5 987 17 494 17 391 17 072 5,4 Greece 71 68 43 442 430 236 298 274 155 811 772 434 0,1 Hong Kong - - - 0,0 Hungary 43 258 164 149 152 164 149 453 0,1 India 106 106 91 2 594 2 743 2 971 1 517 1 497 1 696 4 217 4 346 4 758 1,5 Ireland 414 416 312 19 251 20 700 20 038 12 004 12 633 12 419 31 669 33 749 32 769 10,4 Israel 7 88 66 161 - - Italy 165 150 128 3 304 3 205 2 100 1 628 1 545 1 684 5 097 4 900 3 912 1,2 Japan 291 270 271 10 272 10 219 10 234 7 632 7 495 7 343 18 195 17 984 17 848 5,7 Korea 49 89 97 1 936 2 040 2 193 1 167 1 225 1 368 3 152 3 354 3 658 1,2 Lebanon - - - 0,0 Lithuania 6 6 18 23 2 24 31 0,0 Macau - - - 0,0 Madagascar 4 5 6 6 8 10 2 4 7 12 17 23 0,0 Malaysia 6 6 5 74 79 88 55 57 50 135 142 143 0,0 Mauritius - - - 0,0 Mexico 68 67 70 622 590 672 421 465 446 1 111 1 122 1 188 0,4 Morocco 52 57 60 362 353 476 101 95 115 515 505 651 0,2 Netherlands 3 4 3 25 25 20 17 16 23 45 45 46 0,0 New Zealand 259 177 8 286 8 048 4 561 4 340 4 126 4 561 12 885 12 351 3,9 Norway 9 11 10 52 56 62 53 49 40 114 116 112 0,0 Oman 25 - 27 - 4 - 56 0,0 Panama 78 420 176 159 160 176 159 658 0,2 Peru 52 60 72 520 796 430 499 560 482 1 079 1 428 0,5 Poland 90 789 519 456 441 519 456 1 320 0,4 Qatar 10 12 43 60 32 53 0 104 0,0 Russia 711 711 Saudi Arabia 135 151 1 541 1 740 799 824 877 2 475 824 2 768 0,9 Singapore - - - 0,0 Slovakia 16 15 211 190 84 64 86 84 291 291 0,1 Slovenia 13 55 12 0 80 0 0,0 South Africa 105 140 3 654 4 230 3 138 2 457 - 3 138 6 216 - - Spain 35 360 255 650 0,0 Sweden 43 40 39 387 383 384 298 313 330 728 736 753 0,2 Switzerland 4 4 83 54 30 36 35 30 123 93 0,0 Tunisia 8 9 67 62 67 39 38 67 114 109 0,0 Turkey 361 392 402 3 112 3 359 3 549 1 439 1 308 1 400 4 912 5 059 5 351 1,7 UAE 1 2 1 65 2 2 35 2 2 101 6 5 0,0 USA 3424 3050 2 946 58 028 55 271 51 853 34 773 34 350 33 550 96 225 92 671 88 349 28,1 Uruguay 279 279 397 2 925 2 925 3 236 1 712 1 850 2 100 4 916 5 054 5 733 1,8 40 Venezuela 304 2 224 1 227 1 265 1 222 1 227 1 265 3 750 1,2 TOTAL 7723 8939 9 493 161 027 192 027 190 629 121 828 121 402 116 026 290 578 322 368 316 148 100

Estimates for Canada, Italy, South Africa, Turkey, USA Appendix 2

Breeding 2004-2008

Total amount of horses involved in breeding (mares, stallions, foals)

stallions

mares 200 000 foals

160 000

120 000

80 000

40 000

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

americas asia europe

Breeding by region 2008

stallions

mares foals

americas asia europe americas asia europe Europe americas asia europe 79 697

stallions Asia Americas mares 100 150 134 998 foals

stallions

mares stallions foals mares

foals

41 Appendix 2

Prize money in 2008 FLAT JUMP Average prize Average prize Number of Prize money Number of Prize money money per race money per race races (in Euros) races (in Euros) (in Euros) (in Euros) ARGENTINA 5 754 45 650 102 7 930 0 0 (included in Flat AUSTRALIA 17 065 175 036 460 N/A 146 figures) N/A AUSTRIA 62 470 800 7 590 1 10 000 10 000 BARHAIN 165 576 596 3 490 0 0 BELGIUM 168 400 900 2 390 4 192 200 48 050 BRAZIL 4 564 9 701 166 2 120 0 0 CANADA 4 950 74 793 600 15 110 0 0 CROATIA 35 79 560 2 270 0 0 CYPRUS 1 057 8 844 000 8 370 0 0 CZECH REPUBLIC 350 1 069 947 3 060 173 610 888 3 530 DENMARK 290 1 943 911 6 700 0 0 FRANCE 4 660 106 306 453 22 810 2 194 61 990 339 28 250 GERMANY 1 515 13 518 500 8 920 58 421 300 7 260 GREAT BRITAIN 6 128 72 090 067 11 760 3 366 39 371 967 11 700 GREECE 1 196 14 794 030 12 370 0 0 HONG KONG 735 70 693 260 96 180 0 0 HUNGARY 327 703 127 2 150 4 5 449 1 360 INDIA 2 578 10 854 268 4 210 0 0 IRELAND 1 020 31 723 000 31 100 1 434 28 678 000 20 000 ITALY 4 109 42 722 128 10 400 196 4 026 622 20 540 JAPAN 17 612 644 833 324 36 610 132 26 117 784 197 860 KOREA 1 859 73 385 364 39 470 0 0 LEBANON 348 512 979 1 470 0 0 LITHUANIA 44 28 292 640 0 0 MACAU 636 16 820 820 26 450 0 0 MADAGASCAR 90 47 487 530 0 0 MALAYSIA 725 7 539 621 10 400 0 0 MAURITIUS 256 2 503 680 9 780 0 0 MOROCCO 462 1 555 928 3 370 0 0 NETHERLANDS (The) 87 259 090 2 980 0 0 NEW ZEALAND 2 970 22 483 720 7 570 129 739 270 5 730 NORWAY 274 2 497 980 9 120 6 67 014 11 170 PERU 1 941 2 828 601 1 460 0 0 POLAND 508 1 263 020 2 490 13 37 532 2 890 QATAR (State of) 359 7 760 000 21 610 0 0 RUSSIA 835 N/A 7 N/A SAUDI ARABIA 493 6 170 472 12 520 0 0 SINGAPORE 752 29 367 500 39 050 0 0 SLOVAKIA 129 592 402 4 590 24 47 335 1 970 SOUTH AFRICA 3 806 21 327 112 5 600 0 0 SWEDEN 629 5 805 800 9 230 20 100 100 5 000 TUNISIA 360 1 246 600 3 460 0 0 TURKEY 4 147 87 293 045 21 050 0 0 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 308 26 559 617 86 230 0 0 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 49 951 698 841 854 13 990 168 3 724 553 22 170 URUGUAY 1 043 3 358 119 3 220 0 0 VENEZUELA 3 032 17 644 339 5 820 0 0 42 Total 2 364 498 641 164 140 353 Appendix 2

Percentage of keeping and training expenses covered by prize money won, per horse having run

EUROPE ASIA AND MIDDLE EAST AMERICAS %

150

100

50

0

ITALY

GREECE FRANCE TUNISIA CYPRUS SWEDEN POLAND IRELAND AUSTRIA CROATIA NORWAY BELGIUM HUNGARY SLOVAKIA DENMARK GERMANY LITHUANIA MOROCCO

GREAT BRITAIN

CZECH REPUBLIC

THE NETHERLANDS

%

100

50

0

USA PERU BRAZIL CANADA URUGUAY

ARGENTINA VENEZUELA

%

200

150

100

50

0

INDIA KOREA MACAU TURKEY BAHRAIN MALAYSIA LEBANON MAURITIUS AUSTRALIA SINGAPORE HONG KONG SAUDI ARABIA SOUTH AFRICA NEW ZEALAND

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 43

These statistics do not consider horses in training which did not run. Appendix 2

Prize Money vs. Expenses 2004 - 2008

Europe and Mediterranean 04 05 06 07 08 Countries % % % % % GREECE 134 128 117 93 127 CYPRUS 113 116 100 53 90 FRANCE 55 55 56 56 55 LITHUANIA 45 HUNGARY 45 44 45 41 SLOVAKIA 37 36 35 35 39 ITALY 55 47 46 39 SWEDEN 36 36 38 39 38 NORWAY 33 34 34 34 37 DENMARK 54 35 POLAND 35 35 25 29 IRELAND 31 28 28 28 28 GERMANY 27 26 26 26 26 CZECH REPUBLIC 26 24 21 24 GREAT BRITAIN 28 25 24 22 23 THE NETHERLANDS 16 19 19 15 18 BELGIUM 12 18 14 19 16 AUSTRIA 28 28 25 15 CROATIA 7 8 11 15 SLOVENIA 29 SPAIN 21 10 24 SWITZERLAND 15 17 17 18 MOROCCO 74 76 76 80 84 TUNISIA 66 85 95 77 71

AMERICAS 04 05 06 07 08 % % % % % PERU 72 63 64 67 ARGENTINA 300 53 49 52 64 CANADA 54 46 44 40 59 VENEZUELA 56 URUGUAY 75 58 60 58 47 USA 52 44 46 48 47 BRAZIL 33 34 42 37 36 CHILE 63 91 81 70 MEXICO 48 56 COLUMBIA 30 25

44 Appendix 2

Asian Racing Federation 04 05 06 07 08 % % % % % KOREA 126 140 230 200 180 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 236 530 366 240 165 INDIA 82 103 114 125 147 SINGAPORE 139 136 142 MAURITIUS 100 130 120 96 104 HONG KONG 126 121 113 100 TURKEY 122 66 64 77 99 MACAU 77 85 100 78 80 SAUDI ARABIA 28 46 45 54 SOUTH AFRICA 49 52 52 50 MALAYSIA 42 48 48 NEW ZEALAND 29 35 42 48 BAHRAIN 48 55 47 AUSTRALIA 45 45 47 48 37 LEBANON 34 25 27 29 24 THAILAND 91 QATAR 173 JAPAN 63 65 66 64

Prize money 2002-2007

3000

2250

1500 (x 1 million ` )

750 Note 1: Prize money does not include breeders’ premiums, owners’ premiums and travel allowances. Note 2: Prize money does not cover trotting races. 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

45 Appendix 2

Betting & deductions

Betting Turnover Returned to Bettor Total Deductions Received by Government Returned to Racing (x Other Country % % % % % (x 1000€) (x 1000€) (x 1000€) (x 1000€) 1000€) (x 1000€) Argentina 138 019 99 374 72,0% 38 645 28,0% 3 865 2,8% 12 422 9,00% 22 359 16,20% Australia1 6 232 822 of which tote 4 462 296 3 837 574 86,0% 624 721 14,0% 178 492 4,0% of which bookmaking 1 770 526 1 593 473 90,0% 177 053 10,0% 17 705 1,0% Bahrain no betting Brazil 91 709 64 197 70,0% 27 513 30,0% 1 376 1,5% Canada 1 009 910 773 745 76,6% 236 165 23,4% 47 844 4,7% Cyprus 117 601 88 204 75,0% 29 397 25,0% Czech Republic 1 446 of which tote 108 76 70,0% 33 30,0% 3 2,8% 11 10,1% 19 17,10% of which bookmaking 1 347 944 70,1% 403 22,9% 38 2,8% 136 10,1% 229 17,00% France2 9 464 596 7 083 594 25,2% 2 381 002 25,1% 1 116 843 11,8% 736 891 7,8% 505 530 5,34% Germany2 119 777 of which tote 73 483 52 908 72,0% 20 575 28,0% 539 0,7% of which bookmaking 46 294 Great Britain6 11 071 226 of which tote 394 739 331 581 84,0% 63 158 16,0% 3 157 0,8% of which bookmaking 10 676 487 9 608 839 90,0% 1 067 648 10,0% 160 147 1,5% 96 088 0,9% 616 675 5,80% Greece 296 755 237 404 80,0% 59 351 20,0% 3 561 1,2% 14 835 5,0% 40 952 19,20% Hong Kong1 6 118 000 736 000 12,0% Hungary 3 560 2 442 68,6% 1 118 31,4% India 256 019 of which tote 237 298 204 970 86,4% 32 328 13,6% 13 788 5,8% of which bookmaking 18 721 Ireland3 3 904 692 of which tote 55 832 46 778 83,80 9 044 16,2% of which bookmaking 3 848 870 461 864 12,00 36 668 1,0% 61 028 1,6% Italy2 2 274 599 of which tote 2 206 251 of which bookmaking 68 347 Japan 24 691 823 18 444 382 74,7% 6 247 441 25,3% 2 319 602 9,4% 1 281 534 5,2% Korea 4 030 094 2 908 928 72,2% 1 121 166 27,8% 725 417 18,0% 81 280 2,0% 314 020 7,80% Lebanon 6 816 4 917 72,1% 1 899 27,9% Macau 285 016 237 590 83,4% 47 426 16,6% 2 064 0,7% Madagascar 4 385 Malaysia 247 133 195 532 79,1% 51 601 20,9% 28 865 11,7% Mauritius 106 131 of which tote 41 857 31 393 75,0% 10 464 25,0% 3 914 9,3% of which bookmaking 64 274 48 205 75,0% 16 068 25,0% 6 861 10,7% Morocco 328 965 Netherlands 31 762 New Zealand1 199 132 of which tote 182 137 152 992 84,0% 29 146 16,0% 4 663 2,6% of which bookmaking 16 995 15 125 89,0% 1 869 11,0% 449 2,6% Norway2 378 426 254 572 67,3% 123 855 32,7% 14 002 3,7% 54 151 14,3% 55 702 14,70% Peru 17 049 10 571 62,0% 6 479 38,0% Poland 2 430 Qatar no betting Russia 1 123 687 61,2% 436 38,8% 33 2,9% 234 20,9% 169 15,00% Saudi Arabia no betting Singapore 1 053 000 834 500 79,2% 218 500 20,8% 54 500 5,2% Slovakia 156 106 67,6% 51 32,4% 2 1,0% South Africa1 688 984 of which tote 368 971 278 147 75,4% 90 825 24,6% 9 600 2,6% of which bookmaking 320 013 Sweden2 1 089 443 766 957 70,4% 322 495 29,6% 119 11,0% Turkey 981 988 490 994 50,0% 490 994 50,0% 283 738 28,9% 101 992 10,4% 105 264 10,70% United Arab Emirates no betting United States of America4 9 799 212 7 741 378 79,0% 2 057 835 21,0% 181 285 1,8% Uruguay 14 600 Venezuela 144 633 72 317 50,0% 72 317 50,0% 11 571 8,0% 8 455 5,8% 52 291 36,20% Total 85 202 876 Note °1 - For these countries in the Southern Hemisphere, the statistics cover the racing season from July 2007-July 2008. Note °4 - The betting turnover only covers betting on gallop racing and not the betting turnover on trotting races. 46 Note °2 - The betting figures for these countries cover both gallop and trotting races. The betting turnover on trotting races can be important, from an Note °5 - All figures are given in Euro exchange rate of 31 December 2008. The weak position of the national currency against the Euro, notably estimated 50% of the total in France to more than half in Canada to more than 90% in Scandinavian countries. the US dollar, has obviously deflated the figures of these countries. Alternatively, if figures would have been expressed in US dollars, the figures of Note °3 - The betting figure for bookmaking includes the betting on sports, which is estimated at around 50% of the total betting turnover by bookmakers, many countries would have been inflated, notably in the Euro zone. the other 50% is on horseracing. Note °6 - BHA estimates. Appendix 2

Betting Turnover Returned to Bettor Total Deductions Received by Government Returned to Racing (x Other Country % % % % % (x 1000€) (x 1000€) (x 1000€) (x 1000€) 1000€) (x 1000€) Argentina 138 019 99 374 72,0% 38 645 28,0% 3 865 2,8% 12 422 9,00% 22 359 16,20% Australia1 6 232 822 of which tote 4 462 296 3 837 574 86,0% 624 721 14,0% 178 492 4,0% of which bookmaking 1 770 526 1 593 473 90,0% 177 053 10,0% 17 705 1,0% Bahrain no betting Brazil 91 709 64 197 70,0% 27 513 30,0% 1 376 1,5% Canada 1 009 910 773 745 76,6% 236 165 23,4% 47 844 4,7% Cyprus 117 601 88 204 75,0% 29 397 25,0% Czech Republic 1 446 of which tote 108 76 70,0% 33 30,0% 3 2,8% 11 10,1% 19 17,10% of which bookmaking 1 347 944 70,1% 403 22,9% 38 2,8% 136 10,1% 229 17,00% France2 9 464 596 7 083 594 25,2% 2 381 002 25,1% 1 116 843 11,8% 736 891 7,8% 505 530 5,34% Germany2 119 777 of which tote 73 483 52 908 72,0% 20 575 28,0% 539 0,7% of which bookmaking 46 294 Great Britain6 11 071 226 of which tote 394 739 331 581 84,0% 63 158 16,0% 3 157 0,8% of which bookmaking 10 676 487 9 608 839 90,0% 1 067 648 10,0% 160 147 1,5% 96 088 0,9% 616 675 5,80% Greece 296 755 237 404 80,0% 59 351 20,0% 3 561 1,2% 14 835 5,0% 40 952 19,20% Hong Kong1 6 118 000 736 000 12,0% Hungary 3 560 2 442 68,6% 1 118 31,4% India 256 019 of which tote 237 298 204 970 86,4% 32 328 13,6% 13 788 5,8% of which bookmaking 18 721 Ireland3 3 904 692 of which tote 55 832 46 778 83,80 9 044 16,2% of which bookmaking 3 848 870 461 864 12,00 36 668 1,0% 61 028 1,6% Italy2 2 274 599 of which tote 2 206 251 of which bookmaking 68 347 Japan 24 691 823 18 444 382 74,7% 6 247 441 25,3% 2 319 602 9,4% 1 281 534 5,2% Korea 4 030 094 2 908 928 72,2% 1 121 166 27,8% 725 417 18,0% 81 280 2,0% 314 020 7,80% Lebanon 6 816 4 917 72,1% 1 899 27,9% Macau 285 016 237 590 83,4% 47 426 16,6% 2 064 0,7% Madagascar 4 385 Malaysia 247 133 195 532 79,1% 51 601 20,9% 28 865 11,7% Mauritius 106 131 of which tote 41 857 31 393 75,0% 10 464 25,0% 3 914 9,3% of which bookmaking 64 274 48 205 75,0% 16 068 25,0% 6 861 10,7% Morocco 328 965 Netherlands 31 762 New Zealand1 199 132 of which tote 182 137 152 992 84,0% 29 146 16,0% 4 663 2,6% of which bookmaking 16 995 15 125 89,0% 1 869 11,0% 449 2,6% Norway2 378 426 254 572 67,3% 123 855 32,7% 14 002 3,7% 54 151 14,3% 55 702 14,70% Peru 17 049 10 571 62,0% 6 479 38,0% Poland 2 430 Qatar no betting Russia 1 123 687 61,2% 436 38,8% 33 2,9% 234 20,9% 169 15,00% Saudi Arabia no betting Singapore 1 053 000 834 500 79,2% 218 500 20,8% 54 500 5,2% Slovakia 156 106 67,6% 51 32,4% 2 1,0% South Africa1 688 984 of which tote 368 971 278 147 75,4% 90 825 24,6% 9 600 2,6% of which bookmaking 320 013 Sweden2 1 089 443 766 957 70,4% 322 495 29,6% 119 11,0% Turkey 981 988 490 994 50,0% 490 994 50,0% 283 738 28,9% 101 992 10,4% 105 264 10,70% United Arab Emirates no betting United States of America4 9 799 212 7 741 378 79,0% 2 057 835 21,0% 181 285 1,8% Uruguay 14 600 Venezuela 144 633 72 317 50,0% 72 317 50,0% 11 571 8,0% 8 455 5,8% 52 291 36,20% Total 85 202 876 Note °1 - For these countries in the Southern Hemisphere, the statistics cover the racing season from July 2007-July 2008. Note °4 - The betting turnover only covers betting on gallop racing and not the betting turnover on trotting races. Note °2 - The betting figures for these countries cover both gallop and trotting races. The betting turnover on trotting races can be important, from an Note °5 - All figures are given in Euro exchange rate of 31 December 2008. The weak position of the national currency against the Euro, notably 47 estimated 50% of the total in France to more than half in Canada to more than 90% in Scandinavian countries. the US dollar, has obviously deflated the figures of these countries. Alternatively, if figures would have been expressed in US dollars, the figures of Note °3 - The betting figure for bookmaking includes the betting on sports, which is estimated at around 50% of the total betting turnover by bookmakers, many countries would have been inflated, notably in the Euro zone. the other 50% is on horseracing. Note °6 - BHA estimates. americas asia Appeneurope dix 2

Betting by Region 2008

Tote handle

Bookmaking

americas asia europe

americas asia europe Europe 29 086 575

americas asia europe

Americas Tote handle Asia 11 215 132 44 901 343

Tote handle Bookmaking Bookmaking

Tote handle

Bookmaking

Total Betting Volume

95000

71250

47500 (x 1 million ` )

23750

0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Note 1: The global betting figures are expressed in Euros. The depreciation of some currencies compared to the Euro has had a considerable impact on global total betting figures for 2008. Note 2: Betting figures for some countries include betting on trotting races. USA figures only cover flat and jump races.

48 Appendix 2

2008/2007 evolution of the betting turnover and the prizemoney distributed compared to inflation

Inflation Evolution of Betting Evolution of % Turnover % Prizemoney %

ARGENTINA 7,20 16,00 54,00 AUSTRALIA - -1,60 -5,60 AUSTRIA 3,20 - -53,00 BELGIUM - - -4,00 BRAZIL 9,42 2,90 2,70 CANADA 2,23 -0,80 -3,70 CROATIA - - 30,00 CYPRUS 4,70 16,00 8,50 CZECH REPUBLIC 6,30 0,60 13,60 DENMARK - - -3,30 FRANCE 2,80 4,74 5,10 GERMANY 2,60 -10,40 -6,50 GREAT BRITAIN 0,90 -12,90 7,60 GREECE _ 4,80 18,00 HONG KONG 4,30 -1,70 7,00 INDIA - 7,70 21,00 IRELAND 1,10 -2,20 1,30 ITALY 3,20 -17,00 -22,50 JAPAN _ -0,70 2,40 KOREA 4,70 13,00 14,00 LEBANON _ 3,30 -7,00 MACAU _ 17,70 -10,40 MALAYSIA - -0,30 3,70 MAURITIUS 9,70 9,40 17,30 MOROCCO _ 32,70 3,00 NEW ZEALAND (Gallop only) 3,90 3,50 27,90 NORWAY 2,00 17,30 9,80 PERU 6,80 4,50 15,60 POLAND 4,20 -2,00 6,60 RUSSIA - -60,00 20,70 SAUDI ARABIA - - 8,50 SINGAPORE 6,50 7,60 10,80 SLOVAKIA 4,60 15,00 3,50 SOUTH AFRICA - 13,00 9,30 SWEDEN 0,70 0,80 5,70 THE NETHERLANDS _ -7,40 -4,20 TURKEY 10,06 15,40 37,00 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES - - 5,40 URUGUAY 9,00 15,00 2,00 USA (Flat + jump) 3,85 -7,30 0,20 VENEZUELA 27,20 111,00 19,00

49 Appendix 3

Top Attendances

Below are the 2008 attendance figures of some of the most prolific events in each continent.

Asia

Meeting (days) Country Attendance Melbourne Cup Festival (4) Australia 396,000 Tokyo Yushun / Japanese Derby (1) Japan 125,000 Emperor's Cup – Autumn (1) Japan 122,000 Arima Kinen (1) Japan 117,100 Japan Cup (1) Japan 107,900 Chinese New Year Raceday Hong Kong 83,500 Emperor's Cup – Spring (1) Japan 81,800 Ladies Purse Day Hong Kong 76,700 Last Raceday of the Season Hong Kong 63,400 Caulfield Cup Australia 51,300

Americas

Meeting (days) Country Attendance Kentucky Derby (1) USA 157,800 Preakness Stakes (1) USA 112,200 Belmont Stakes (1) USA 94,500 Breeders’ Cup World (2) USA 86,900

Europe

Meeting (days) Country Attendance Royal Ascot (5) UK 287,900 Cheltenham Festival (3) UK 177,500 Aintree Grand National meeting (3) UK 144,800 Glorious Goodwood (5) UK 101,900 Epsom Derby (2) UK 100,000 Galway Festival (7) Ireland 192,300 Punchtown Festival (4) Ireland 105,700 Listowal Festival (7) Ireland 87,900 Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe (2) France 50,000

50 Appendix 4

Annual Accounts 2008

Reserves on December 31st 2007 288 868

GENERAL ACCOUNTS 2007 2008 Incomings Fees 392 052 397 500 Extraordinary income 6 300 - Interests 7 506 14 910 Total 405 858 412 410 Expenses Organisation of the Conference 259 275 260 282 Committees Work 19 943 29 390 Loss 20 100 Total 279 218 309 772 SUB-TOTAL 120 340 109 073

ACTION PLAN Special Contributions Americas 50 000 50 000 ARF 50 000 50 000 Europe 50 000 50 000 Other 24 128 34 128 Total 174 128 184 128 Expenses 298 243 310 689 SUB-TOTAL -124 115 -126 561

RESULT 2 525 -23 923

Reserves on December 31st 2008 264 945

51 Appendix 5

List of Members 2008

Countries (57) Horseracing Authorities (61) ALGERIA Société des Courses Hippiques et du Pari Mutuel ARGENTINA Jockey Club Argentino AUSTRALIA Australian Racing Board AUSTRIA Direktorium für Galopprennsport & Vollblutzucht in Österreich BARHAIN Equestrian and Horse Racing Club BELGIUM Jockey Club Royal de Belgique BRAZIL (2 members) - Jockey Club Brasileiro - Jockey Club de Sao Paulo BULGARIA Bulgarian National Association of Racing CANADA The Jockey Club of Canada CHAD Association d’Encouragement pour l’Amélioration des Races de Chevaux au Tchad CHILE Club Hipico de Santiago CYPRUS Cyprus Turf Club CZECH REPUBLIC Jockey Club Ceske Republiky DENMARK Danish Jockey Club FRANCE France-Galop GERMANY Direktorium für Vollblutzucht und Rennen GREAT BRITAIN The British Horseracing Authority GREECE The Jockey Club of Greece HONG KONG The Hong Kong Jockey Club HUNGARY Nemzeti Loverseny Kft INDIA Turf Authority of India (Royal Western India Turf Club) IRELAND (2 members) - Registry Office of the Turf Club - Horse Racing Ireland ITALY U.N.I.R.E. JAPAN (2 members) - Japan Racing Association - National Association of Racing KOREA Korea Racing Authority. LEBANON SPARCA MACAU Macau Jockey Club MALAYSIA Malaysia Turf Clubs MAURITIUS Mauritius Turf Club MEXICO Jockey Club Mexicano MOROCCO Société Royale d’Encouragement du Cheval NETHERLANDS (The) NDR (Vereniging Nederlandse Draf- en Rensport) NEW ZEALAND New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing Inc. NORWAY Norsk Jockeyklub OMAN (Sultanate of) Royal Horse Racing Club PAKISTAN Jockey Club of Pakistan

52 Appendix 5

Countries (57) Horseracing Authorities (61) PERU Jockey Club del Peru POLAND Polish Jockey Club QATAR (State of) Racing and Equestrian Club ROMANIA Jockey Club de Roumanie RUSSIA Jockey Club of Russia SAUDI ARABIA The Equestrian Club SERBIA Hipodrom Beograd SINGAPORE Singapore Turf Club SLOVAKIA Turf Direktorium für die Slowakei SLOVENIA Slovenian Turf Club SOUTH AFRICA The National Horseracing Authority of Southern Africa SPAIN Sociedad de Fomento de la Cria Caballar de España SWEDEN The Swedish Jockey Club SWITZERLAND Galopp Schweiz THAILAND The Royal Bangkok Sports Club TUNISIA Société des Courses de Tunis TURKEY Jockey Club of Turkey UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Emirates Racing Authority UNITED STATES OF AMERICA - The Jockey Club (2 members) - National Thoroughbred Racing Association URUGUAY Hipica Rioplatense Uruguay S.A VENEZUELA SUNAHIP

National or Regional Organizations (4) SOUTH AMERICA OSAF ASIA-OCEANIA Asian Racing Federation CARIBBEAN Confederacion Hipica del Caribe UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI)

HONORARY MEMBER Horseracing Authority (1) GREAT BRITAIN The Jockey Club

OBSERVERS Horseracing Authorities CROATIA Jockey Club of Croatia ISRAEL Israel National Association of Horse Racing LITHUANIA National Horseracing Club MADAGASCAR AHCEL PANAMA Hipica de Panama

53 Appendix 6

Members of Committees

Executive Council Louis ROMANET Chairman - France Galop Winfried ENGELBRECHT BRESGES Vice-Chairman ARF - Hong Kong Jockey Club Alan MARZELLI Vice-Chairman - US Jockey Club Brian KAVANAGH Vice-Chairman - Horse Racing Ireland Nic COWARD British Horseracing Authority Denis EGAN Irish Turf Club Alex WALDROP NTRA David WILLMOT Woodbine Entertainment Group Dr Horacio BAUER OSAF Dr Isamu TAKIZAWA ARF - Japan Racing Association Dr C.S. POONAWALLA ARF - India Turf Authorities Also attending the meetings: Andrew HARDING Secretary General, Asian Racing Federation Bertrand BELINGUIER President, PMU Carl HAMILTON President & CEO, The Jockey Club Information Systems Hiroshi ITO Assistant Dr Takizawa Shintaro KIMURA Assistant Dr Takizawa Hubert MONZAT Director General, France Galop Thierry DELEGUE Director of Racing, France Galop Maurits BRUGGINK Executive Director, IFHA D. de WENDEN Secretary General, IFHA Dr DEVOLZ IFHA Technical Advisor for regulatory matters

International Movement of Horses Committee (IMHC) Dr Brian Stewart Chairman Dr Anthony Kettle Secretary Members Dr Roland Devolz International Federation of Horseracing Authorities Dr Patricia Ellis Animal Health Consultant Australia Dr Alf-Eckbert Fussel European Commission SANCO\ Dr Paul-Marie Gadot France Galop Professor Alan Guthrie National Horseracing Authority of South Africa Dr Lynn Hillyer, British Horseracing Authority Dr Yousef Kassab Qatar Racing and Equestrian Club Dr Anthony Kettle Dubai Racing Club Dr Tomio Matsumura Japan Racing Association Dr John McCaffrey RIRDC Horse Program ResearchA dvisoty Committee Dr Tom Morton Consultant Federation Equestrian Internationale Dr Paul O'Callaghan Racing Victoria Ltd Dr David Powell The Jockey Club USA Dr Fritz Sluyter Animal Health Consultant Switzerland Dr Brian Stewart Hong Kong Jockey Club Dr Keith Watkins Hong Kong Jockey Club Dr Peter Webbon Animal Health Trust

54 Appendix 6

International Movement of Horses Committee (IMHC) IFHA Dominique de Wenden (TAC Co-Chairman, IFHA Secr. General) Dr Roland Devolz (IFHA Secretariat) ISBC Andrea Brereton (Weatherbys) Americas Dr Horacio Bauer (Argentina) Matt Iuliano (US Jockey Club) Paul Bowlinger (ARCI) Asia Andrew Harding (TAC Co-Chairman, Secr. General. ARF) K. L. Cheng (Hong Kong) Jamie Stier (Hong Kong) Behram A. Engineer (India) Rob De Kock (South Africa) Dr Sadao Yokota (JRA) Dr Kyo Shimizu (Japan Race Horse Registry) Europe Denis Egan (Irish Turf Club) Vincent Hughes (Irish Turf Club) Henri Pouret (France Galop) Dr Paul Marie Gadot (France Galop) Dr Paull Khan (Weatherbys, representing BHA) Paul Palmer (TAC Secretary, Weatherbys) Nigel McFarlane (British Horseracing Authority) Dr Sveva Davanzo (UNIRE) Lorenzo Vargiu (UNIRE) Rüdiger Schmanns (Direktorium) Hubert Uphaus (Direktorium) Björn Eklund (ERDC, Swedish Jockey Club)

International Race Planning Advisory Committee (IRPAC) Mr Carl HAMILTON, Chairman Mr William A. NADER Vice-Chairman Mr Dominique de WENDEN Vice-Chairman Ms Ruth QUINN Secretary Mr Brian KAVANAGH Chairman of European Pattern Committee Mr Dan METZGER American Graded Stakes Committee Mr Michael BYRNE Canadian Graded Stakes Committee Mr Ian HART Grading and Race Planning Committee of the Asian Racing Federation Mr Tomoyuki MASUDA Grading and Race Planning Committee of the Asian Racing Federation Dr Horacio BAUER Organización Sudamericana de Fomento del Pura Sangre de Carrera Dr Franco CASTELFRANCHI EFTBA Mr G. WATTS HUMPHREY, Jr. US Jockey Club and TOBA Mr Norman CASSE Chairman of SITA Mr Henry BEEBY Vice-Chairman of SITA Mr John MESSARA representative of ARF Breeders Observers : Mr Nigel GRAY Co-Chairman of the World Rankings Supervisory Committee Mr Garry O’GORMAN Co-Chairman of the World Rankings Supervisory Committee Also attending : Mr Hiroshi ITO JRA Mr Ciaran KENNELLY Consultant to IFHA 55 Appendix 6

Advisory Council on Prohibited Substances Chairman Prof. Ed HOUGHTON, GB IGSRV nominees Dr Craig SUANN, AUS Dr Rick ARTHUR, USA AORC nominees Dr Terence WAN, HK Dr Yves BONNAIRE, FR Co-opted member Dr Scott WATERMAN, Representative of the US Medication and Drug Testing Consortium Ex-officio members Dr Al KIND, President AORC Dr W.T. HILL President IGSRV Denis EGAN IFHA Executive Council representative Technical Adviser Dr Roland Devolz, IFHA

World Rankings Supervisory Committee (WRSC) Three for Asia, nominated by ARF Nigel Gray (Co-Chairman) Greg Carpenter Kazuhito Matano Three for Europe, nominated by EPC Garry O’Gorman (Co-Chairman Gérald Sauque Philip Smith Three for Americas : two nominated by North America Tom Robbins Ben Huffman one nominated by OSAF Jorge Iglesias

Committee for the Harmonization of Race Day Rules Chairman Rob DE KOCK (South Africa) Europe Henri POURET (France Galop) William Nunneley (British Horseracing Authority) Americas Ted HILL (US Jockey Club) Dr Ignacio PAVLOVSKY (OSAF) Asian Racing Federation Jamie Stier (Hong Kong Jockey Club) Yoshihiro NAKOMORA (Japan Racing Association)

Steering Committee on Wagering Alan Marzelli US Jockey Club Bertrand Bélinguier PMU France Winfried Engelbrecht-Bresges The Hong Kong Jockey Club

56 Appendix 7

World Thoroughbred Racehorse Rankings

TOP 10 HORSES IN 2008

Rank Horse Rating Trained 1 CURLIN (USA) 130 USA 1 NEW APPROACH (IRE) 130 IRE 3 RAVEN’S PASS (USA) 129 GB 4 ZARKAVA (IRE) 128 FR 5 DUKE OF MARMALADE (IRE) 127 IRE 6 BIG BROWN (USA) 125 USA 6 CONDUIT (IRE) 125 GB 6 GOLDIKOVA (IRE) 125 FR 6 HENRYTHENAVIGATOR (USA) 125 IRE 6 MONTMARTRE (FR) 125 FR 6 YOUMZAIN (IRE) 125 GB 6 ZENYATTA (USA) 125 USA

Top ranked by distance category, age and surface

3yo TURF Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m WEEKEND HUSSLER (AUS) 122 R.MCDONALD - AUS [5f-7.99f : 1000m - 1599m - USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m RAVEN’S PASS (USA) 127 J.H.M.GOSDEN - GB [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m NEW APPROACH (IRE) 130 J.S.BOLGER - IRE L: 10.51f - 13f : 2101m - 2700m ZARKAVA (IRE) 128 A de ROYER DUPRE - FR E: 13.51f+ : 2701+ CONDUIT (IRE) 122 SIR M.STOUTE - GB

3yo NON TURF (*D/A) Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m FATAL BULLET (USA) 119 A R.BAKER - USA [5f-7.99f : 1000m - 1599m - USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m BIG BROWN (USA) 122 D R.E.DUTROW JR - USA [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m RAVEN’S PASS (USA) 129 A J.H.M.GOSDEN - GB L: 10.51f - 13f : 2101m - 2700m DA’TARA (USA) 118 D N.P.ZITO - USA

4yo and up TURF Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m-1300m SACRED KINGDOM (AUS) 123 P.F.YIU - HK [5f-7.99f : 1000m-1599m - USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m GOOD BA BA (USA) 124 A.SCHUTZ - HK [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m DUKE OF MARMALADE (IRE) 127 A.P.O'BRIEN - IRE L: 10.51f - 13f : 2101m - 2700m DUKE OF MARMALADE (IRE) 126 A.P.O'BRIEN - IRE SEPTIMUS (IRE) 122 A.P.O'BRIEN - IRE E: 13.51f+ : 2701+ YEATS (IRE) 122 A.P.O'BRIEN - IRE 57 Appendix 7

4yo and up NON TURF (*D/A) Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m MIDNIGHT LUTE (USA) 123 A B.BAFFERT - USA [5f-7.99f : 1000m - 1599m -USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m CURLIN (USA) 130 D S.M.ASMUSSEN - USA [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m CURLIN (USA) 130 D S.M.ASMUSSEN - USA L: 10.51f - 13f : 2101m - 2700m MUHANNAK (IRE) 115 A R.M.BECKETT - GB

FILLIES AND MARES

3yo TURF - FILLIES Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m AFRICAN ROSE (GB) 115 Mme C.HEAD-MAAREK - FR [5f-7.99f : 1000m - 1599m - USA/CAN] FLEETING SPIRIT (IRE) 115 J.NOSEDA - GB M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m GOLDIKOVA (IRE) 125 F.HEAD - FR [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m ZARKAVA (IRE) 125 A de ROYER DUPRE - FR L: 10.51f - 13f : 2101m - 2700m ZARKAVA (IRE) 128 A de ROYER DUPRE - FR

3yo NON TURF (*D/A) - FILLIES Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m INDIAN BLESSING (USA) 117 D B.BAFFERT - USA [5f-7.99f : 1000m - 1599m - USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m MUSIC NOTE (USA) 118 D S. BIN SUROOR - USA [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] PROUD SPELL (USA) 118 D J.L. JONES - USA MUSIC NOTE (USA) 118 D S. BIN SUROOR - USA I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m PROUD SPELL (USA) 118 D J.L. JONES - USA

4yo and up TURF - FILLIES & MARES Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m SEACHANGE (NZ) 115 R.MANNING - NZ [5f - 7.99f : 1000m - 1599m - USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m - 1899m VODKA (JPN) 120 K.SUMII -JPN [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m FOREVER TOGETHER (USA) 118 J.E. SHEPPARD - USA L: 10.51f - 13f : 2101m - 2700m SUN CLASSIQUE (AUS) 120 M.F. De KOCK - UAE

4yo and up NON TURF (*D/A) - FILLIES & MARES Category Horse Rating Trained S: 5f - 6.5f :1000m - 1300m VENTURA (USA) 118 A R.J.FRANKEL - USA [5f-7.99f : 1000m - 1599m -USA/CAN] M: 6.51f - 9.49f :1301m-1899m ZENYATTA (USA) 125 A J.SHIRREFFS - USA [8f - 9.49f : 1600m - 1899m - USA/CAN] GINGER PUNCH (USA) 118 D R.J.FRANKEL - USA I: 9.5f - 10.5f : 1900m - 2100m HYSTERICALADY (USA) 118 D J. HOLLENDORFER - USA

58 * D indicates Dirt and A indicates an artificial surface Appendix 8

International Organisations

Americas

Organization Sudamericana de Fomento del Pura Sangre de http://www.osafweb.org/ Carrera, O.S.A.F.

Confederacion Hipica del Caribe http://www.clasicocaribe.org/

Association of Racing Commissioners International, ARCI http://www.arci.com

Asia

Asian Racing Federation, ARF http://www.asianracing.org/

Asian Stud Book Conference http://www.studbook.jp/en/index.php

Europe

European Racing Development Conference, ERDC

European and Mediterranean Stud Book Liaison Committee

European Horserace Scientific Liaison Committee, EHSLC

European Pattern Committee

Association des Pari-mutuels Européens, APME http://www.parimutuel-europe.org/

The European Federation of Thoroughbred Breeders’ http://www.eftba.eu/ Associations

Union Européen du Trot, UET

International

International Racing Bureau http://www.irbracing.com/

Society of International Thoroughbred Auctioneers, SITA http://www.thoroughbredauction.com/

International Cataloguing Standards Committee, ICSC http://www.thoroughbredauction.com/

International Studbook Committee, ISBC http://www.weatherbys.net/isbc/

International Group of Specialist Racing Veterinarians, IGRSV

Association of Official Racing Chemists, AORC

International Conference of Racing Analysts and http://www.ifahr.net/ Veterinarians, ICRAV

International Association of Arabian Horseracing Authorities http://www.ifahr.net/

International Trotting Association http://www.intertrot.org/

59 Fédération Internationale des Autorités Hippiques de Courses au Galop International Federation of Horseracing Authorities 46 place Abel Gance - 92100 Boulogne - France T. : +33 1 49 10 20 15 - F. : +33 1 47 61 93 32 Imp. GT • 01 34 52 18 88 www.IFHAonline.org - [email protected]