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2018 May Caleyi .Cdr p CALEYI i c A n d r e P o r t e n e r s NORTHERN BEACHES G R O U P May 2018 ART IN THE BOTANIC GARDEN 2018 President David Drage Dr Conny Harris (02) 9451 3231 Vice-President Six members of the group, plus one friend, made the Group's annual David Drage (02) 9949 5179 pilgrimage to the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney to see the work of some Joint Secretaries very talented artists. It was particularly pleasing that Estelle was well enough to join us. Julia Tomkinson (02) 9949 5179 Penny Hunstead (02) 9999 1847 Treasurer Lindy Monson (02) 9953 7498 Regional Delegate Harry Loots (02) 9953 7498 Librarian Jennifer McLean (02) 9970 6528 Talks Co-ordinator Russell Beardmore 0404 023 223 Walks Co-ordinator Penny Hunstead (02) 9999 1847 Catering Officer Georgine Jakobi (02) 9981 7471 Editor Jane March 0407 220 380 Next Meeting: 7.15 pm Thursday May 3, 2018 at Catleya Goldenzel by Annie Hughes Stony Range Botanic Garden, Dee Why. Presentation: All About Stony. Eleanor Eakins. We started at Botanica where the theme this year was 'Symbiosis'. This meant Supper: Jennifer & Georgine that there were plenty of insects including bees and ants, spiders and birds included in the paintings along with the plants. As usual, the quality of the work Coming Up: was very high. We then took a break to have some lunch in the courtyard outside the exhibition venue, Lion Gate Lodge. APS NSW ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING AND QUARTERLY GATHERING Saturday, 26 May 2018. The next quarterly gathering will be held in conjunction with the AGM on Saturday, 26 May. The meeting is being hosted by the Parramatta - Hills Group at: Gumnut Community Centre, Gumnut Place, Cherrybrook, NSW. Full details page 3. APS Northern Beaches 10am Sunday May 20 visit Russell’s Patch, a reserve overlooking the ocean at Curl Curl being regenerated by Russell & friends. Followed by morning tea at Jan and Russel’s home garden. Penny will email details. From the Editor Thankyou David for the Botanica report and Conny for the fungi pic. Please send me articles or photographs that you think the members would enjoy. Jane. email: [email protected] Life Cycles by Pauline Dewar ____________________________________________________ May 2018 - 1 A l a d y ' s s l i p p e r o r c h i d ( C y p r i p e d i u m c a l c e o l u s ) photographed in Estonia. Credit: Richard Shefferson In an article published in Ecology Letters, scientists reveal that dormancy is often a "bet hedging" strategy for the plants, with the short-term disadvantages of missing growth and reproduction in one or more seasons being outweighed by the longer-term benefits of avoiding immediate risks and thereby extending their lives. Dormancy occurs only in some of the plants in any population or species in any given year, and is dependent on individual circumstances. Co- author Prof Michael Hutchings, Emeritus Professor in Ecology at the University of Sussex, said: "It would seem to be paradoxical that plants Imperfect Leaves by Anna Voytsekhovich would evolve this behaviour because being underground means they cannot photosynthesise, flower or reproduce. And yet this study has shown that many plants in a large number of species frequently exhibit Next stop was the 'Margaret Flockton Award' on show in the Maiden prolonged dormancy. Many of these species have found ways to Theatre. This is a scientific botanical exhibition of work in black and white overcome the loss of opportunities to photosynthesise during dormancy, intended for inclusion in scientific publications where precision and especially by evolving mechanisms enabling them to obtain accuracy are very important. The award attracts top illustrators from carbohydrates and nutrients from soil-based fungal associates. This Australia and around the world, some still working with ink or graphite but allows them to survive and even thrive during dormant periods. increasingly with digital drawing techniques. Well worth seeing. "The study has revealed some of the conditions under which dormancy is We finished up at the Calyx exhibition space to have a look at the triggered, and the evolutionary benefits of such behaviour, but more work 'Pollination' display with its tall, curved, green wall of plants with different is still needed to fully explain the influences of factors such as weather coloured foliage spelling out the word 'Pollination'. This display is a credit conditions, and the threats from herbivores and competition from other to the horticultural staff at the gardens whose work is shown here. vegetation, on the decision to go dormant.” Dormancy in seeds has been widely known about and studied for decades but the phenomenon of dormancy within plants that have left the seed stage behind and embarked upon adult life is far less well- known and understood. The study, led by University of Tokyo associate professor Richard d. Shefferson, is the first detailed analysis of the causes, ecological functions and evolutionary significance of adult plant dormancy, using data from a large number of datasets and published studies in which the behaviour has been recorded. Reasons for plants entering a period of dormancy differ both between Blue banded be pic David Drage. species and even between populations of the same species in different geographical locations. They include the risk that buds and new shoots will be lost to herbivores, the occurrence of a poor growing season which ‘ R I P V A N W I N K L E ' P L A N T S H I D E prevents the build-up of sufficient resources to produce sprouts in the UNDERGROUND FOR UP TO 20 YEARS following year, and, in an increasingly warming world, winters that are so sciencedaily.com April 19, 2018 University of Sussex mild that plants do not perceive that spring has arrived. An international team of academics has found that at least 114 plant Moreover, although the research team hypothesized that dormancy species from 24 different plant families, from widespread locations and would be more prevalent at colder latitudes and higher altitudes, where ecological communities around the world, are capable of prolonged the growing season is shorter, it was shown to be more common near the dormancy as adult plants, remaining alive in the soil but not emerging equator, where threats from factors such as disease, competition, from the ground every spring. This behaviour enables them not only to herbivores and fire are more severe. survive through difficult times, but to make the best of adversity. Co-author Dr Eric Menges of Archbold Biological Station in Florida, USA, The extraordinary behaviour is seen in many species of orchid, and is said: "In fire-prone areas, there appears to be an advantage to plants reminiscent of the fictional character Rip Van Winkle, who sleeps for 20 remaining dormant and then sprouting after fire when favourable years and misses the American Revolution. It also occurs in many other conditions exist for growth and flowering.” types of plant. Prof Hutchings added: "Phylogenetic analyses also revealed that In an article published in Ecology Letters, scientists reveal that dormancy dormancy has evolved and persisted numerous times throughout the is often a "bet hedging" strategy for the plants, with the short-term evolutionary history of the land plants. This suggests not only that it has disadvantages of missing growth and reproduction in one or more proved beneficial under many different ecological circumstances, but seasons being outweighed by the longer-term benefits of avoiding also that its evolution may be achievable through the occurrence of a immediate risks and thereby extending their lives. small number of mutations at only a few genetic loci." _________________________ _________________________ May 2018 - 2 APS NSW ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING AND QUARTERLY GATHERING Saturday, 26 May 2018 The next quarterly gathering will be held in conjunction with the AGM on Saturday, 26 May. Microscopy image of cross-section of a Marchantia polymorpha thallus showing the The AGM and meeting is being hosted by the Parramatta - Hills Group Phytophthora infection (red) in the upper at: Gumnut Community Centre, Gumnut Place, Cherrybrook, NSW photosynthetic layer of the liverwort plant. Credit: Philip Carella The day's program. 10am - 12noon The first author of the paper, Dr Philip Carella, said the research showed that liverworts could be infected by the common and devastating Choice of a visit to Ian Cox's beautiful garden or a scenic and relaxing microorganism Phytophthora: "We know a great deal about microbial bush walk. infections of modern flowering plants, but until now we haven't known how distantly related plant lineages dealt with an invasion by an 1. Ian Cox's garden: 5 Ivy Place Kenthurst (off Jones Road). aggressive microbe. To test this, we first wanted to see if Phytophthora could infect and complete its life cycle in a liverwort. We found that 2. Bush walk with Jennifer Farrer: Meet at the end of Trevor Phytophthora palmivora can colonise the photosynthetic tissues of the Lane,Cherrybrook, which runs off Purchase Road. The walk leads to an liverwort Marchantia polymorpha by invading living cells. Marchantia extensive stone outcrop which overlooks Pye's Creek, where the large responds to this by deploying proteins around the invading Phytophthora expanse of sandstone is a fun place to explore. The route passes through hyphal structures. These proteins are similar to those that are produced typical Hawkesbury sandstone vegetation which includes Banksia in flowering plants such as tobacco, legumes or Arabidopsis in response serrata, Corymbia gummifera and Eucalyptus haemastoma. More to infections by both symbiont and pathogenic microbes.” Banksias such as spinulosa, oblongifolia and marginata form the understorey.
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