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2 Kings - Keil and Delitzsch Contents a Grace Notes course Second Kings From Commentary on the Old Testament C. F. Keil and F. Delitzsch adapted for Grace Notes training by Warren Doud Grace Notes Web Site: http://www.gracenotes.info E-mail: [email protected] 2 Kings - Keil and Delitzsch Contents 2 Kings 1 ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 2 Kings 2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 2 Kings 3 ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 2 Kings 4 ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 2 Kings 5 ...................................................................................................................................................... 21 2 Kings 6 ...................................................................................................................................................... 25 2 Kings 7 ...................................................................................................................................................... 29 2 Kings 8 ...................................................................................................................................................... 31 2 Kings 9 ...................................................................................................................................................... 34 2 Kings 10 .................................................................................................................................................... 38 2 Kings 11 .................................................................................................................................................... 44 2 Kings 12 .................................................................................................................................................... 49 2 Kings 13 .................................................................................................................................................... 54 2 Kings 14 .................................................................................................................................................... 57 2 Kings 15 .................................................................................................................................................... 62 2 Kings 16 .................................................................................................................................................... 67 2 Kings 17 .................................................................................................................................................... 73 2 Kings 18 .................................................................................................................................................... 82 2 Kings 19 .................................................................................................................................................... 90 2 Kings 20 .................................................................................................................................................. 100 2 Kings 21 .................................................................................................................................................. 104 2 Kings 22 .................................................................................................................................................. 107 2 Kings 23 .................................................................................................................................................. 112 2 Kings 24 .................................................................................................................................................. 122 2 Kings 25 .................................................................................................................................................. 128 The Authors Carl Friedrich Keil (26 February 1807 – 5 May 1888) was a conservative German Lutheran Old Testament commentator. He was born at Lauterbach near Oelsnitz, Kingdom of Saxony, and died at Rätz, Saxony. Franz Delitzsch (Leipzig, February 23, 1813 – Leipzig, March 4, 1890) was a German Lutheran theologian and Hebraist. Born in Leipzig, he held the professorship of theology at the University of Rostock from 1846 to 1850, at the University of Erlangen until 1867, and after that at the University of Leipzig until his death. Delitzsch wrote many commentaries on books of the Bible, Jewish antiquities, biblical psychology, a history of Jewish poetry, and Christian apologetics. Grace Notes Grace Notes is a Bible study ministry which began in 1994 using the Internet to distribute lessons and articles to people who are interested in God's Word. Thousands of Christians, in more than 110 countries around the world, have received Grace Notes lessons on the Internet, by E-mail and the World Wide Web. All courses and materials are distributed free of charge, and the work is supported by believers who want to see the ministry continue and grow. Grace Notes studies are also distributed on diskette and CD-ROM in order to reach those who do not have Internet access. Verse-by-verse (expositional) courses are available in 50 books of the Bible. Some of the courses include word studies (categorical doctrine) or historical articles (isagogics) that are relevant to the passages being discussed. Other courses offered are Bible character studies, comprehensive studies of the Christian Life and Basics of the Christian Life, an extensive series on the Person and Word of Jesus Christ, and a thorough study of the Attributes of God. You are invited to write to the address below, or write by e-mail, to inquire about Grace Notes materials. Warren Doud, Director 1705 Aggie Lane, Austin, Texas 78757 E-Mail: [email protected] Web Site: http://www.gracenotes.info 2 KINGS Page 4 By C. F. Keil and F. Delitzsch a Grace Notes study 2 KINGS palace, but hardly a grating in the floor of the Aliyah for the purpose of letting light into the 2 Kings 1 lower rooms, as the Rabbins supposed. On account of this misfortune, Ahaziah resorted to Chapter 1. Ahaziah’s Illness. His Death the Ekronitish Baalzebub to obtain an oracle Announced by Elijah. ,.i.e ,בַעַ ל־זְּׂבּוב .concerning the result of his illness 2 Kings 1. After the Moabites had rebelled Fly-Baal, was not merely the “averter of swarms against Israel, Ahaziah became sick in of insects,” like the of consequence of a fall through a grating in his Elis (Ges., Winer, Movers, Phöniz. i. p. 175), upper room, and sent messengers to Ekron to since “the Fly-God cannot have received his consult the idol Baalzebub concerning the name as the enemy of flies, like lucus a non result of his illness. By the command of God, lucendo,” but was Μ θ ό (LXX, Joseph.), i.e., however, Elijah met the messengers on the God represented as a fly, as a fly-idol, to which road, and told them that the king would die (vv. the name Myiodes, gnat-like, in Plin. h. n. xxix. 6, 1–8). When Ahaziah sent soldiers to fetch clearly points, and as a god of the sun and of Elijah, the messengers were miraculously slain summer must have stood in a similar relation to on two successive occasions, and it was only his the flies to that of the oracle-god Apollo, who humiliation before the prophet which saved the both sent diseases and took them away (vid., J. third captain and his host from sharing a G. Müller, Art. Beelzebub in Herzog’s Cycl. i. p. similar fate; whereupon Elijah went with him to 768, and Stark, Gaza, pp. 260, 261). The latter the king, and repeated the threat already observes that “these (the flies), which are announced on account of his idolatry, which governed in their coming and going by all the was very soon fulfilled (vv. 9–18). conditions of the weather, are apparently 2 Kings 1:1–8. After the death of Ahab, Moab endowed with prophetic power themselves.” rebelled against Israel (v. 1). The Moabites, who This explains the fact that a special power of had been subjugated by David (2 Sam. 8:2), had prophecy was attributed to this god.1 Ekron, remained tributary to the kingdom of the ten now Akir, the most northerly of the five tribes after the division of the kingdom. but Philistine capitals (see at Josh. 13:3). when Israel was defeated by the Syrians at 2 Kings 1:3, 4. But the angel of the Lord, the Ramoth in the time of Ahab, they took mediator of the revelations made by the advantage of this defeat and the weakening of invisible God to the covenant nation (see Comm. the Israelitish power in the country to the east on the Pentateuch, vol. i. pp. 185–191, transl.), of the Jordan to shake off the yoke of the had spoken to Elijah to go and meet the king’s Israelites, and very soon afterwards attempted messengers, who were going to inquire of an invasion of the kingdom of Judah, in alliance Baalzebub, and to ask them whether it was as in מִבְּׂלִי אֵ ין) with the Edomite and other tribes of the desert, from the want of a God in Israel which terminated, however, in a great defeat, Ex. 14:11; see Ewald, § 323, a.) that they turned though it contributed to the maintenance
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