AAcckknnoowwlleeddggeemmeennttss Sachse Comprehensive Plan MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL A City Council who saw the value in having an updated Comprehensive Plan Hugh Cairns, Mayor Mike Felix, Place 1 Scott Stauffer, Place 2 Jim Burnett, Place 3 Paul Head, Place 4 Stephen Stanley, Place 5 Mark Timm, Place 6 Tom Swayden (retired, Place 6) COMPREHENSIVE PLAN STEERING COMMITTEE Citizens who unselfishly gave their time for over a year to serve on the Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee. Their ability to reach a consensus on the recommended future of Sachse is commendable. Bob Boswell, Committee Chairman Dr. Steve Pirkey Heath Smith Nova Pittman Patsy Littlefield Sue Dillard Cheryl Priolo Mark Timm Bob Jones Mary Saathoff Butch Cernosek Dr. Marvin Roden Shelton L. Cook Ken Kerby Don Herzog Dr. John Spies Gary Overby Jeff Haupt Patsy Covington Chuck Gohn Dave Fasse Jim Burnett PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION Members of the Commission who conscientiously oversaw the completion of the Comprehensive Plan. Chuck Schaefer, Chairman Bill Hession Bob Boswell, Vice Chairman Charles Sprague Charles Smith, Secretary Mark Durbin Heath Smith, Vice Secretary Paul Head, City Council Liaison PARKS AND RECREATION COMMISSION Commission members who invested their time in improving the quality of life in Sachse. Patricia Montagno, Vice Chairman Bobby Tillman Mary Saathoff, Secretary Scott Whitfield Warren Bird Stephen Stanley, City Council Liaison Patricia Easterling CITY OF SACHSE Bill Atkinson, City Manager Denise Vice, Projects Coordinator Alan Dickerson, Director of Finance Richard Benedict, Chief of Police Terry Smith, City Secretary Doug Kendrick, Fire Chief Ruth Manchester, Seniors Director Stan Seward, Director of Public Works Karen Williams, Librarian Garry Adams, Community Development Director Guy Brown, Director, Sachse Economic Development Corporation
City of Sachse, Texas
IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn Sachse Comprehensive Plan Due to the tremendous growth in population and the changes in demographics, the City Council authorized the development of an update to the 1986 Comprehensive Plan for the City of Sachse. This new plan is intended to capture the policy direction and priorities of the City’s leadership. The key elements of the plan are consistent with the community’s values, will be an effective source of guidance for a range of day-to-day decisions and other implementation efforts affecting the City’s future growth and orderly development.
The City sought to develop a Plan in order to: µ Decide which types of development opportunities are compatible with the City’s vision for the future and assist in preparing a vision statement. µ Provide guidance and a tool for making land use decisions. µ Preserve and improve neighborhoods and the overall quality of life. µ Promote economic development with the inclusion of commercial, residential and quality of life considerations. µ Review and make recommendations to the Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances. DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLAN The Sachse Comprehensive Plan is a principal part of the City’s overall, ongoing planning process. Approval of the Comprehensive Plan by the City Council establishes the vision and direction of the community and represents an important first step toward achieving the City’s desired goals.
The plan should not be considered a static document, but rather the result of a continuous process to gather and evaluate information and make informed decisions based upon constantly changing conditions. The Plan should be regularly reviewed and updated as needed to maintain its applicability to current conditions and priorities of the community. At a minimum, the entire plan should be revisited every five years and revised as needed to ensure that it still reflects the true values and direction of the community. However, while a city’s comprehensive plan must be flexible to respond to changing needs, the community should remain steadfast in its vision and support for the core goals and objectives contained in the plan.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN The Sachse Comprehensive Plan is the result of many hours of consideration and input from the community’s residents and leaders. It is an effort to answer five basic questions:
µ Where has Sachse been in the past? µ Where is it now? µ Where are we heading in the future?
City of Sachse, Texas 1-1 Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan
µ Where do we want to be in the year 2020? µ How do we reach the desired future? While these questions are simple, they represent the basis for development of the Comprehensive Plan. Before Sachse can begin to look forward, it must have a strong understanding of its own character. Once the residents and community leaders of Sachse are confident in the knowledge of the community’s past and present condition, they can then look ahead to the future. At that point, residents and community leaders can focus on where the City will be if the present course is maintained.
The Sachse Comprehensive Plan provides the community with a means to understand its own character, as well as the means to see the potential and desired future. Most important, the Comprehensive Plan contains the action statements necessary to bridge the gap from the potential future to the desired future. By planning today, the community of Sachse has set the course for tomorrow.
Key participants in the planning process and setting the course for the future included:
µ The citizens of Sachse, through two Town Meetings held at the outset and end of the planning process; µ A Steering Committee of over 20 citizens, supported by the City’s administrative management and planning staff, which provided overall review and monitoring of the planning process and acted as a liaison between the City's Boards and Commissions and the Consultant Team; µ Various “key persons” representative of the larger population of Sachse, through an interview process in the early stages of plan development; µ A series of neighborhood meetings to hear more specific area concerns; µ The City of Sachse Planning & Zoning Commission as the appointed group of citizens responsible for developing and administering the Comprehensive Plan; and, µ The Mayor and City Council, who, as the City’s ultimate decision-making officials, were involved at key stages so the resulting plan would fulfill their expectations and requirements. Meetings between various members of these groups and the planning consultant were held to discuss and develop the various aspects and direction of the plan. The Steering Committee was involved in a thorough process of identifying issues, discussing alternatives and solutions, and determining needs and priorities. The Planning and Zoning Commission, who received the recommended elements from the Steering Committee, performed a key role in helping to finalize the form and detail of the plan that will be eventually recommended to the City’s elected leaders. As the City’s chief governing body, the City Council will conclude this process by approving the new Comprehensive Plan and directing city government to abide by its policies and carry out its recommendations.
1-2 Wilbur Smith Associates Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan Citizen involvement is the cornerstone of the City of Sachse Comprehensive Plan. A successful plan is identified not just with the City’s elected officials who adopted it, but with the entire City and its residents who helped draft it and want to see it followed and maintained even as elected officials come and go. Effective mechanisms for citizen involvement and debate were an essential part of the Sachse planning process. Through this community involvement, the comprehensive plan study incorporates the community's values in terms of quality of life, character and scale of development, urban form, aesthetic appeal, and how new development should be integrated with the existing and future city fabric. The resulting Comprehensive Plan should assure the citizens of Sachse a future that meets their desires and aspirations for their community.
CITY BACKGROUND The City of Sachse is a unique community in which the past and current lifestyles must be balanced with the ever-increasing demands placed upon it by the growth affecting the entire state of Texas. Before looking at where Sachse is heading, consideration must be given to where Sachse has been and where it is today. This community profile element of the Comprehensive Plan serves as an introduction to the community and provides an overview of the City’s history, geographic location and demographic trends. An important component of this element is the population projections for the City until the year 2020. The population projections developed in this section will be used in other elements of the plan to project future facility, staff, and park and recreation needs. An understanding of these issues is required as this knowledge is essential in determining the anticipated growth and the resulting demands on community and city services.
HISTORY The City of Sachse is named after William Sachse. Arriving from Herford, Prussia in 1845, Sachse bought 640 acres of land in Collin County, Texas. He soon acquired an additional 5,000 acres. Sachse built the first cotton mill and cotton gins in the area, which were powered by ox and horsepower until 1869 when replaced by a steam- powered plant. In 1886, Sachse gave right- of-way to the railroad in exchange for a depot and naming the town in his honor. The town grew gradually over the years, its
City of Sachse, Texas 1-3 Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan economic base being cotton until the 1920s when onions became a major crop. In 1899, William Sachse passed away and his gravesite may be found in the Sachse Cemetery. (http://www.cityofsachse.com/facts/)
During the early 1900s, the first schools in Sachse were built. One of the earliest schools, a three-story building, was located on Third and Dewitt streets. In the 1920s it was replaced by a red brick schoolhouse that was razed in the 1930s. In the 1940s Sachse schools were consolidated with the Garland Independent School District and children began attending school in Garland. (http://www.cityofsachse.com/facts/)
Sachse is a residential community with a country atmosphere. Growth has continued as new residents discovered the quality of life they were looking for on the outskirts of Dallas. The City of Sachse incorporated in 1956 and adopted its Home Rule Charter in 1986. Currently the City operates under a council/manager form of government with a Mayor and six council members. The 2001 estimates show a population approaching 10,900.
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION Located in north central Texas in Dallas and Collin counties, Sachse is nestled among cities in the Dallas Metroplex. Murphy is on the north, Wylie on the northeast, Rowlett on the southeast, and Garland on the southwest and west. The City is located 20 miles northeast of downtown Dallas on State Highway 78.
POPULATION Historical Population The historical population data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the North Central Texas Council of Governments for Sachse, Dallas and Collin Counties are displayed in Table 1-1 – Historical Population of Sachse and Collin & Dallas Counties, for 1900 through 2000. Sachse went through a high period of growth between 1980 and 1990, and is still undergoing growth as it improves on its infrastructure, amenities, housing stock and economic development. In 2000, Sache’s population was 12.5 times greater than its population in 1970 – in just 30 years, its population increased by nearly 1,200 percent.
1-4 Wilbur Smith Associates Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan TABLE 1-1 HISTORICAL POPULATION SACHSE AND COLLIN & DALLAS COUNTIES
YEAR SACHSE % CHANGE COLLIN % CHANGE DALLAS % CHANGE COUNTY COUNTY 1900 50,087 82,726 1910 49,021 -2% 135,748 64% 1920 49,609 1% 210,551 55% 1930 46,180 -7% 325,691 55% 1940 47,190 2% 398,564 22% 1950 41,692 -12% 614,799 54% 1960 41,247 -1% 951,527 55% 1970 777 66,920 62% 1,327,321 39% 1980 1,640 111% 144,576 116% 1,556,390 17% 1990 5,346 226% 264,036 83% 1,852,810 19% 2000 9,751 82% 491,675 87% 2,218,899 20% 2001 10,864 11% 519,755 6% 2,244,768 1%
Sources: US Census Bureau and North Central Texas Council of Governments
POPULATION PROJECTIONS Since Sachse has no extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ) or unincorporated area, future growth and development will occur within the current city limits. Given this unique condition, the more appropriate method for projecting the future population of Sachse may be to use the population figures based on the historical land absorption and building permit data as tracked by the Community Development Department over the past few years. This method applies an average occupancy of approximately 2.9 persons per household. The City of Sachse provided this estimate to the North Texas Municipal Water District (NTMWD), which used it to develop their projections for Sachse for the next five years. Maximum growth is expected over the next five years, after which the rate of growth will tend to slow down due to land absorption. The North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) based its projections on a greater number of persons per household or a higher density residential development than is expected in Sachse.
In January, 1999, the Texas State Data Center (TSDC) estimated the population of Sachse to be 7,535. For comparison purposes the North Central Texas Council of Government’s 1999 population estimate for the City was 8,200 and the 2000 estimate was 9,751. The Census Bureau estimated a 1998 population of 5,993. In addition, the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) has produced population estimates for various cities in Texas, which are documented in its 2002 State Water Plan Population Projections by City report. This report shows Sachse’s
City of Sachse, Texas 1-5 Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan
2000 population to be 9,369 and has estimated its 2010 population to be 16,420. The NCTCOG has projected Sachse’s 2025 population to be 28,750. The City of Sachse has projected its final built -out population to be around 2015 at a population of 23,635. Table 1-2 - Projected Population Scenarios illustrates the above findings.
TABLE 1-2 PROJECTED POPULATION SCENARIOS CITY OF SACHSE
US CENSUS CITY OF TWDB NCTCOG TSDC SACHSE 1990 5,346 5,346 5,346 5,346 2000 (2001) 9,751 12,543 9,369 9, 751 8,008 2005 19,083 2010 22,401 16,420 2015 23,635 2020 23,635 19,300 2025 23,635 28,750
Sources: US Census Bureau, City of Sachse, Texas Water Development Board, North Central Texas Council of Governments, Texas State Data Center HOUSING The North Central Texas Council of Governments provides housing estimates for the City of Sachse. As displayed in the following table, the City consists primarily of single -family residential units, which includes one family detached units and duplexes.
TABLE 1-3 CITY OF SACHSE HOUSING ESTIMATE, 2001
TYPE OF UNIT TOTAL HOUSING COMPLETIONS DEMOLITIONS & ESTIMATED UNITS & MOVEOUTS HOUSING UNITS FINAL CENSUS ANNEXATIONS 4/1/00- 4/1/00 4/1/00 – 12/31/00 12/31/00 Single Family 411 0 Multi-Family 4 0 Other 0 0 Total 3,350 415 0 3,765 Source: North Central Texas Council of Governments
The North Central Texas Council of Governments also provides estimates for the number of households within the City. As shown in Table 1-4 – Households in Sachse 1990-2000, households within Sachse grew from 1,747 in 1990 to 3,224 in 2000, an increase of 85 percent. In addition, the 2000 Census average household size was 3.02, which indicates a total year 2000 population of 9,736.
1-6 Wilbur Smith Associates Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan TABLE 1-4 HOUSEHOLDS IN SACHSE 1990-2000
YEAR HOUSEHOLDS PERCENT CHANGE
1990 1747 1995 2188 25 % 1998 2394 9% 1999 2705 13% 2000 3224 19% Sources: North Central Texas Council of Governments and City of Sachse
RACIAL COMPOSITION The racial composition for Sachse is shown in Table 1-5 – Racial Composition of Sachse, 1990-2000. In 1990, the majority of the population in Sachse was White with 3 percent being of other race and 2 percent Black. Hispanic population is included in the other races. In 2000 however, the racial composition of Sachse shows a slight change. There is an increase in the Black population and a slight increase in the Asian/Pacific Islander population. In addition, data is available for the Two or More Race population.
TABLE 1-5 RACIAL COMPOSITION OF SACHSE 1990-2000
1990 2000
Race Persons % of Total Persons % of Total White 4983 93% 8517 87% Black 130 2% 451 5%
American Indian, 38 1% 63 1% Eskimo, Aleut Asian or Pacific 42 1% 211 2% Islander Other Race 153 3% 329 3% Two or More Races N/A N/A 180 2% Total 5346 100% 9751 100% Source: US Census Bureau 2000
AGE DISTRIBUTION The distribution of Sachse’s 1990 and 2000 population by age is displayed in Table 1-6 – Population by Age, 1990-2000. The table shows that the majority of the population in both 1990 and 2000 was in the lower to middle age cohorts with the exception of a decline in the 18-24 age cohorts. The largest percentage of the population was in the 25-44-age cohort, with
City of Sachse, Texas 1-7 Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan
41.3 percent of the total population in 1990 and 39.3 percent of the total in 2000. Although overall the population distributions are similar, it is interesting that the distribution of 0-44-year olds is greater in 1990 as compared to 2000. The 2000 data however shows that there is an increase in the number people in the 45 and older age groups as compared to 1990. If the same patterns persist over time Sachse may have a larger middle age and elderly population in the next few decades, depending on future trends in birth rates and age characteristics of persons moving into the area.
TABLE 1-6 AGE DISTRIBUTION - 1990, 2000
AGE 1990 2000 COHORT (PERCENTAGE (PERCENTAGE OFTOTAL) OF TOTAL)
0-17 33.5% 32.7% 18-24 6.7% 6.1 % 25-44 41.3% 39.3% 45-64 15.2% 17.9% 65+ 3.2% 4.0% Total 5,346 9,751 Source: US Census Bureau, 1990, 2000 EDUCATION Both the Garland and Wylie Independent School Districts serve the City of Sachse. Residents living in Dallas County attend the Garland ISD schools while those residents from Collin County attend Wylie ISD schools. Garland ISD operated one elementary and one middle school in Sachse. In 2002 the new Sachse High School is scheduled to open and will be located at 3901 Miles Road. Wylie ISD currently has no facilities within the city limits.
In Table 1-7 – Education Statistics, 1999-2000 selected educational data on the two school districts and the State of Texas are displayed. As shown, the student teacher ratio for Garland ISD is above the state average while Wylie’s ratio is slightly below that average. The percentage of students passing all TAAS tests was higher in both districts than the state average of 91.6 percent; as were the mean total SAT scores and the mean composite ACT scores. In terms of attendance and drop out rates, both districts were comparable with the state on attendance rates, however the dropout rate for Wylie ISD was slightly higher than that of Garland ISD, but both were considerably lower than the state rate of 1.3 percent. The Texas Education Agency monitors the academic accountability of school districts by designating them as Exe mplary, Recognized, Academically Acceptable, Academically Unacceptable, Unacceptable due to Special Accreditation Investigation, or Not Rated. In 1999-2000 Garland ISD received an accountability
1-8 Wilbur Smith Associates Introduction Sachse Comprehensive Plan rating of Academically Acceptable while Wylie ISD received a rating of Recognized. In 2001, Garland ISD received a rating of Recognized and Wylie ISD again received a rating of Recognized.
TABLE 1-7 EDUCATION STATISTICS 1999-2000
STATISTIC STATE OF GARLAND WYLIE TEXAS ISD ISD 1999-2000 1999-2000 1999-2000 Total number of Schools 62 7 Total number of Students 3,331,783 49,036 4,345 Total Teachers 267,922 2,971 293 Student: Teacher Ratio 14.9 16.5 14.9 Attendance Rate 95.6% 95.8% 96.0% Annual Drop-Out Rate (grade 1.3% 0.4% 0.7% 7-12) % Passing All TAAS Tests 91.6% 92.8% 95.4% Mean Total SAT Score 989 1007 998 Mean Composite ACT Score 20.2 20.9 21.2 Source: Texas Education Agency 1999-2000 District Performance
City of Sachse, Texas 1-9
VViissiioonn aanndd GGooaallss Sachse Comprehensive Plan Planning for the future begins with a vision, a broad statement of how the community views what it will become in the 21st Century, particularly over the next 20 years. This vision is an ideal, the result of imaging of the future based on the established perceptions and values. By recognizing its association with the past, understanding of the present and desires for the future , a visio n for the City of Sachse defines the ideal image of the future.
THE VISION The City of Sachse is a community that is known for its: µ unique identity and history; µ special yet convenient location; µ responsive city government; µ outstanding community facilities; µ effective and efficient public services; µ abundance of open green spaces and parks; µ safe , attractive and desirable residential neighborhoods; µ vibrant commercial and industrial activities in attractive settings; and µ well maintained and carefully planned thoroughfare network with appropriate street design reflecting the wishes of the community while meeting circulation requirements all located in a desirable rural environment, far removed from the pressures of urban development. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS While a vision is the heart of the planning process for the future , goal, objectives and actions are the guides for implementation. After the vision is formed, the next step is to identify the ways to secure it through goals, objectives and actions. Goals are broad statements of the needs and priorities of the citizens. They are the general ends toward which community leaders should direct their efforts. Goals may stretch and challenge cities, but should not be unrealistic. An important reason for establishing goals is to encourage citizen participation and understanding that results in a unified approach toward desired accomplishments and to promote consistency in plan implementation as the community changes over time.
Based on the vision, a goal has been identified in each element of the Comprehensive Plan. These elements are: Land Use, Transportation, Neighborhoods, Historic Recognition, Community Facilities, Economic Development and Implementation. These goals are based on citizen input from the Town Meetings, identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the community, extensive consideration by the Steering Committee and review by the Planning and Zoning Commission before consideration by the City Council.
City of Sachse, Texas 2-1 Vision and Goals Sachse Comprehensive Plan
GOALS FOR THE CITY OF SACHSE Land Use Goal - Ensure balanced and diverse us e of land within the City while maintaining desirable rural res idential character. Transportation Goal - Provide access to neighborhoods and businesses while serving overall mobility needs . Neighborhood Goal - Protect and enhance the quality of life in Sachse’s neighborhoods. Community Facilities Goal - Provide appropriate and desirable city facilities and services that are readily accessible to the citizens of Sachse in an economically cost effective manner. Historic Recognition Goal - Recognize the long heritage of the City of Sachse. Economic Development Goal - Advance a cooperative effort by the SEDC, the City of Sachse, Chamber of Commerce and citizens to support retention and expansion of existing businesses and attract new businesses in targeted economic sectors. Implementation Goal - Guide decisions that are in accordance with the goals, objectives and actions set forth in the Plan to provide accountability to the citizens of Sachse.
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS Once goals have been identified, the next step to achieve the long-range vision and goals is to establish objectives. They should be “SMART”—Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time oriented. Objectives and their related actions are the guides for the implementation process. Once objectives are established, the next step is to decide upon the appropriate actions. Actions are even more specific methods that determine how to achieve the objectives and must reflect budgetary constraints and resources. The objectives and actions for each of the elements of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan are included in their respective sections.
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LLaanndd UUssee Sachse Comprehensive Plan The Land Use Element, a primary part of the City of Sachse’s Comprehensive Plan, is the basis for guiding development and future redevelopment. This element begins with an examination of the existing land uses, and then outlines future land use requirements and defines them in the new Future Land Use Plan. The future land use designations and distribution patterns are based on the desire to retain the City’s rural residential character, while balancing the need for the appropriate commercial development to supplement the fiscal demands to maintain the expected quality of life.
Located in the northeast area of the rapidly expanding Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Sachse is surrounded by the cities of Garland, Richardson, Murphy, Wylie, and Rowlett, cities which are experiencing similar if not the same urbanization pressures. In the first town meeting and in subsequent neighborhood meetings, the citizens of Sachse were vocal in expressing their desire for their city to have the specific identity as a wonderful place to live with good community services, proximity to work, but removed from the pressures of higher density urban developments.
EXISTING LAND USE
Over the years, Sachse developed as a choice location for homes and fa milies. In 2000, the majority of land use is residential, both in rural residential and planned development neighborhoods. The next highest use of land is currently agricultural or vacant land and road rights-of-way.
By identifying historic and current land uses and the physical characteristics of the City in terms of type, scale, density and location of land uses on the Figure 3-1 - Existing Land Use Plan, 2000, a desired pattern of future land use can be visualized. The Future Land Use Plan can then display the potential locations of where development is likely to occur in the next twenty years. Previous plans and studies, analyses of existing conditions, and development of projections and forecasts were used in determining future land uses within the City. Careful consideration must also be given to the Thoroughfare Plan, as the relationship between the Future Land Use Plan and the Thoroughfare Plan is reciprocal; one affects the other.
An inventory of land parcels was conducted within the city limits in the spring of 2000. In each area of the City the current arrangement of land use types and patterns were identified and mapped. The Existing Land Use Plan displays how the land is being used and relationships between uses. It is also used to identify urban problems and opportunities.
City of Sachse, Texas 3-1 Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan
EXISTING LAND USE CLASSIFICATIONS The existing land use inventory for the City of Sachse, conducted in the spring of 2000, is shown on Figure 3-1 – Existing Land Use Plan, 2000. This map and Table 3-1 – Existing Land Use Acreage, 2000 depict the various land uses as they are currently utilized in the City. The existing land uses are not always consistent with established zoning districts, as they may have existed prior to the initiation of the Zoning Ordinance. It should be emphasized here that the Existing Land Use Plan is not a zoning map but rather a record of the current uses. The following uses are shown on the Existing Land Use Plan:
µ Single Family Residential (Yellow) – Conventional detached dwellings µ Two Family Residential (Gold) – Two family attached dwellings µ Multiple Family Residential (Orange) – Tri-plexes, four-plexes and apartment buildings µ Public (light blue) – Public buildings and offices, facilities µ Semi- Public (dark blue) – Semi-public facilities including schools, churches, hospitals µ Commercial (red) – Offices and office buildings, general retail, wholesale µ Industrial (gray) – Light industrial office warehousing and assembly and manufacturing µ Parks and Open Space (green) – Public parks and public golf courses µ Agriculture (light green) – cultivated cropland, pastures, orchards, vineyards µ Vacant (beige) – Undeveloped with no current use
The following table indicates how many acres are in each current land use classification. TABLE 3-1 EXISTING LAND USE ACREAGE, 2000
CATEGORY ACRES PERCENT Single Family Residential 1561.932 25.19% Two Family Residential 16.901 0.28% Multi-Family 9.149 0.15% Commercial 26.899 0.44% Industrial 90.054 1.47% Public 33.320 0.53% Semi- Public/Institutional 68.866 1.12% Parks 83.521 1.34% Agriculture 932.547 15.14% ROW 645.083 10.43% Vacant 2721.786 43.91% Total 6200.029 100.00%
3-2 Wilbur Smith Associates Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Physical and environmental characteristics impose constraints and limitations on future growth and development in the City. As a result, these characteristics must be taken into account in determining appropriate future land uses within the City. The floodplain areas in Sachse are illustrated in Figure 3-2 - Floodplains. As displayed, Maxwell, Long Branch and Muddy Creeks as well as Willow Lake are in or are surrounded by the 100-year and 500-year floodplains. Floodplain areas are where rising waters will directly and frequently impact development. The floodplain areas are also illustrated on Figure 3-3 - Future Land Use Plan.
FIGURE 3-2 FLOODPLAINS
Source: Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) Federal Emergency Management Agency
City of Sachse, Texas 3-3 Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan
LAND USE POLICIES Policies serve as a guide for decision-making and the development of goals and objectives. They should be a continual reference for city officials and city staff, and should be used to assure that goals, objectives and actions are addressed when reviewing new development and redevelopment that require zoning classification changes or amendme nt to the Future Land Use Plan. The following policies were considered by the Steering Committee in the development of land use considerations: General µ Neighboring land uses should not detract from the enjoyment or value of properties. µ Potential land use impacts should be considered (noise, odor, pollution, excessive light, traffic, etc.). µ Transportation access and circulation should be provided for uses that generate large numbers of trips such as schools and large commercial areas, but should not infringe upon neighborhoods. µ Floodplain areas should not be encroached upon by future development unless there is compliance with stringent floodplain management practices. µ Environmentally sensitive areas should be protected, including wildlife habitat areas and floodplains. Residential Uses µ Neighborhoods should be buffered from major and minor arterial streets. µ Residential and commercial areas may be adjacent if separated by a buffer. µ Residences should be close to schools, parks and community facilities. µ Homes should have direct access to residential streets, but not to primary streets. µ Neighborhoods should have good access to major streets, but major streets should not divide a neighborhood. µ Residential areas should generally not be next to industrial areas. µ Residential areas should not be adjacent to major arterials. Commercial Uses µ Buffers should separate commercial and residential areas. µ Commercial uses should be convenient to residential areas. µ Local businesses should be located at intersections of major and minor arterial streets. µ Larger commercial centers and office buildings should be located along major thoroughfares that are designed and constructed to accommodate heavy traffic. µ Commercial parcels should be large enough to accommodate intended uses with adequate parking and suitable landscaping. µ Commercial uses should include a variety of neighborhood stores, shopping centers, office and technology complexes, and freestanding commercial sites (restaurants and gasoline stations). Industrial Uses µ Industrial uses should not be directly adjacent to residential areas. µ There should be good access to major and minor arterials and the toll road truck routes, hazardous material routes and railroads. µ Industrial locations should be targeted in selected industrial development areas.
3-4 Wilbur Smith Associates Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan
µ Landscaping and other buffers should separate industrial uses from other uses. µ Outdoor storage should be screened along street frontages and where visible from residential areas. Parks and Open Space µ Parks should be evenly dispersed throughout the city and include larger community parks and smaller neighborhood parks. µ There should be linkages between parks, schools, employment centers and residential areas. µ Parks are a desirable use for floodplain areas. µ Parks and open space may be used to buffer incompatible land uses. µ Natural features should be preserved in parks and open space areas. Community Facilities µ Major facilities should be centrally located together in easily accessible areas within the community. µ Additional public safety facilities should be dispersed in appropriate service areas. µ Community facilities should be located adjacent to major streets to accommodate traffic. µ Community facilities should be accessible by trails and sidewalks. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS Goals, objectives and actions form the basis of the Comprehensive Plan. The following goal, objectives and actions should serve as a foundation for guiding future land use within the City. They are based on accepted planning principles to encourage an orderly and well-managed community now and in the future.
To develop the appropriate future land uses in the City of Sachse, the Comprehensive Plan Steering Committee reviewed the existing land uses then worked through a series of land use map scenarios to determine what uses were really needed to ensure that Sachse would be a viable community both in the near term and long range future. Their input and the comments received at the Town Meeting and neighborhood meetings formed the basis for the development of a new land use goal with objectives and actions to achieve that goal.
Land Use Goal: Ensure a balanced and diverse use of land within the City while maintaining desirable rural residential character. Objective A: Encourage the continued development of compatible land uses by avoiding incompatible uses in close proximity to each other. Action 1: Use the Future Land Use Plan in making development decisions to ensure compatibility between uses. Action 2: Review and update the zoning map and development related ordinances to ensure incompatible uses are not in close proximity to each other. Action 3: Discourage redevelopment of current low-density residential properties to higher density uses by adhering strictly to the zoning ordinance.
City of Sachse, Texas 3-5 Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Objective B: Ensure adequate areas for local commercial development. Action 1: Encourage and retain existing commercial uses, especially along major thoroughfares. Action 2: Ensure infrastructure serving commercial land uses is provided. Objective C: Provide adequate locations for new and larger regional commercial development along major thoroughfares and buffered from residential uses. Action 1: Locate commercial uses along the Highway 78 and the proposed extension of the President George Bush Turnpike. Action 2: Create a new “old town Sachse” in the vicinity of the original town site through zoning and business incentives. Objective D: Ensure adequate areas for schools and other public facilities. Action 1: Ensure infrastructure serving public facilities is provided. Action 2: Work with the school district to locate schools at appropriate locations in terms of traffic and infrastructure extensions. Action 3: Designate areas for new City facilities Objective E: Designate as well as maintain appropriate industrial areas. Action 1: Minimize impacts on residential areas through transitional buffering and visual screening. Action 2: Provide adequate infrastructure in identified industrial areas. Action 3: Encourage redevelopment and improvements in the existing industrial park. Objective F: Increase accessibility of parks and open space areas to all members of the community. Action 1: Ensure that there is adequate acreage of parks needed for the community to meet National Parks and Recreation Association standards for future population. Action 2: Identify suitable land for future parks. Action 3: Use areas along creeks, floodways and Muddy Creek Reserve for walking and riding trails. Action 4: Link existing and future parks through sidewalks and trails. Action 5: Continue partnerships with School Districts to develop parks adjacent to school sites. Action 6: Provide areas for community facilities, which are accessible and appropriately located. Objective G: Continue to put emphasis on procedural administration and enforcement of development codes and ordinances.
3-6 Wilbur Smith Associates Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan FUTURE LAND USE PLAN The Future Land Use Plan reflects the desired pattern of growth over the planning period and is intended to guide public and private decision making about future land use and development within the community. This plan will aid in ensuring that development occurs in an orderly and efficient manner contributing to the quality of life in Sachse. In determining the future land use, the existing uses, environmental considerations and appropriate land use guidelines and polic ies were considered. The Future Land Use Plan is consistent with the stated goals, objectives and policies. It is a conceptual plan and although the delineation of the uses tends to follow streets and other divisions, it is not intended to be parcel specific.
The categories for Figure 3-3 - Future Land Use Plan are as follows:
µ Rural residential (light green) – Rural, larger lot neighborhoods. µ Low Density Residential (yellow) – Neighborhoods with conventional detached dwellings. µ High Density Residential (gold) – Tri-plexes, four-plexes, apartment buildings and assisted living centers. µ Public (blue) – Public buildings and offices, semi-public facilities including public and private schools, churches, and historical buildings. µ Original Town Site-Mixed Use (orange) – Residences and small businesses in residential type buildings compatible with the older areas. µ Commercial (red) – General retail, wholesale and office buildings. µ Business Park (peach) – Offices and office buildings, technology centers, restaurants and specialty retail. µ Industrial (gray) – Light industrial office, warehousing and assembly, and manufacturing. µ Parks and Open Space (green) – Public and private parks, trails, floodways and public golf courses. The following table shows the amount of acreage for each land use classification of Future Land Use Plan.
City of Sachse, Texas 3-7 Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan
TABLE 3-2 FUTURE LAND USE PLAN ACREAGE
CATEGORY ACRES* PERCENT
Rural Residential 1358.935 21.93% Low Density Residential 2301.088 37.11% High Density Residential 63.053 1.02% Commercial 251.369 4.05% Old Town 22.412 0.36% Business Park 529.522 8.54% Industrial 188.532 3.04% Public, Semi- 263.177 Public/Institutional 4.24% Parks 631.237 10.18% ROW 590.704 9.53% Total 6200.029 100.00%
* Note: Acreages are approximate.
In keeping with the desire of the citizens to retain the rural residential character of the City, most of the currently undeveloped areas in the City are shown in the new land use classification. Older, large lot areas are also classified as rural residential in order to preclude subdivision into smaller lots.
Commercial development is encouraged in the business and office park classifications along the proposed routes for the extension of the President George Bush Turnpike to provide additional tax base as well as provide new workplaces in Sachse. Other commercial areas are encouraged to remain and expand along Highway 78. Considering the potential for redevelopment in the older areas and original town site, a mix of residences and businesses is encouraged to provide additional commercial that will not infringe on the current residential uses.
Adequate areas should be provided for public facilities including City facilities and those for future schools (elementary, middle and high school). It should be noted that schools, parks and other public facilities are permitted uses in residential zoning districts in the current zoning ordinance.
Industrial uses remain along the railroad with a new industrial area on the far east side of the City. Additional landscape buffering should be provided in areas where industrial uses are adjacent to or front residential areas.
3-8 Wilbur Smith Associates Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan New park development is indicated in several areas on the northwest side of Highway 78, with the largest being the area of the closed landfill. The separate Parks Master Plan details the proposed park development as well as the proposed trail system.
RELATIONSHIP OF LAND USE TO ZONING Zoning is a form of land use control permitted by both the federal and state governments. The applicable statutes for municipal land use and zoning are found in Section 211 of the Texas Local Government Code. This statute includes the requirement that zoning be in conformance with the Comprehensive Plan. When a zoning change is requested, the first step in considering the change is to see what the Future Land Use Plan has determined as the appropriate use of the property. If the use is not in conformance, the request may be denied. To grant the requested change would require that the Future Land Use Plan be amended before the zoning change could occur. This requires careful consideration to be sure that the change is in accordance with the principles, goals and objectives of the Land Use Element of the Comprehensive Plan. The use of the Future Land Use Plan in decision making relating to zoning and subdivision approvals is to ensure that development and redevelopment are consistent with the City's Comprehensive Plan. Each new development or redevelopment should be reviewed for general compliance to the plan, but this does not automatically preclude a use not identified in an area from being located there.
IMPLEMENTATION
The Future Land Use Plan is a very general plan for future land use and development. It bridges the gap between existing and future development. In using land use principles and policies it is available to guide new projects so that they may better blend into the community. The Plan is not to be considered etched in stone or viewed as zoning. The areas shown on the map are considered to be the best use of the property at the time the map was developed. The map does not attempt to predetermine the use of each individual tract, but seeks to establish a logical framework for future land use and development decisions.
The implementation tools of a Comprehensive Plan are the Zoning Ordinance, the Subdivision Regulations and the Capital Improvements Program.
The Zoning Ordinance and the zoning map should not to be confused with land use, nor are the maps for zoning and land use interchangeable. While the Future Land Use Plan expresses the desirable land use, the zoning map indicates the permitted use of the property in accordance with the Zoning Ordinance for the district in which it is located. In some cases the current use of the property is not a permitted use, having been in existence prior to the adoption of the Zoning Ordinance. In such cases, the non-conforming use is “grandfathered” as
City of Sachse, Texas 3-9 Land Use Sachse Comprehensive Plan long as it continues in operation. However, should the non-conforming use cease for a specified period of time, the property use must be in compliance with the permitted uses in the zoning districts and in accordance with the land use map.
The Subdivision Regulations govern the division of land and the platting process. Plat requirements should conform to the zoning district in which the new subdivision is located. The Subdivision Regulations also work with the Capital Improvements Program to guide general development and the expenditures for infrastructure needs. Easements, rights-of-way, and the location of parks and public facilities are included in the requirements of both of these tools. Other implementation tools are the new landscape ordinance and the Building Code.
AMENDMENTS TO THE FUTURE LAND USE PLAN It is recognized that circumstances will change in the future and the Comprehensive Plan will require modifications and refinements to be kept up-to-date and current. Needed adjustments and changes to the Future Land Use Plan and other components of the Land Use element should be carefully considered as part of the annual Plan updates and five-year major Plan revisions. Amendments to the Future Land Use Plan should be subject to the same scrutiny and considered through the same public processes and procedures required in any ordinance change.
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TTrraannssppoorrttaattiioonn Sachse Comprehensive Plan The Transportation Element of the Sachse Comprehensive Plan provides a framework for planning and guiding the rational and orderly development of the area's thoroughfare system, including Expressways, Arterials, Collectors and Local Streets. This element includes a review of previous transportation plans and studies, overview of existing transportation facilities and services, analysis of travel characteristics and development of the thoroughfare system plan for the City of Sachse. It covers the same geographic area, within the city limits, as other elements of the Comprehensive Plan. The planning area boundary is illustrated in Figure 4-1 - Thoroughfare Plan. AUTHORITY FOR PLANNING AND REGULATING TH OROUGHFARES Under the provisions of Article XI, Section 5 of the Texas Constitution and Title 7, Chapter 212 of the Texas Local Government Code, the City of Sachse may require that development plans and subdivision plats must conform to "...the general plan of the municipality and its current and future streets...” and, “...the general plan for extension of the municipality and its roads, streets and public highways within the municipality and its extraterritorial jurisdiction.....”. Requirements for right-of-way dedication and construction of street improvements should apply to all subdivision of land within the City's incorporated area. PREVIOUS PLANS AND STUDIES There are a number of related plans and studies that address transportation improvement needs for the City of Sachse, Dallas and Collin Counties and the Metroplex, which are being reviewed and considered in the development of the Comprehensive Plan.
µ Comprehensive Plan Update, 1986 as amended µ North Central Texas Metropolitan Planning Organization Regional Transportation Plan— Mobility 2025 EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM The development of the Transportation Element for the Comprehensive Plan includes analysis and evaluation of the City of Sachse’s existing transportation system. The existing roadway and traffic conditions of the highway and street network have been identified and analyzed to assist in determining long-range needs for thoroughfare system development. Physical conditions of the roadway system and characteristics of existing travel patterns are based upon available information obtained through the City of Sachse, Dallas and Collin Counties, North Central Texas Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO), Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), and other governmental agencies. Other transportation modes, facilities and services have also been identified and analyzed.
City of Sachse, Texas 4-1 Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Sachse’s transportation system is served by three modes: automobile , rail and non-motorized. The automobile travel mode, the predominant mode, is served through a utilitarian roadway network of state highways and local roads and streets. Sachse’s solitary state highway is State Highway (SH) 78, which connects northeastern Dallas County with eastern Collin County and Fannin County. Through Sachse, Highway 78 is a four-lane divided facility that traverses the city from southwest to northeast. The remainder of Sachse’s roadway network is comprised of local roads and streets. It should be noted that the planned extension of the President George Bush Turnpike (Highway 190) might pass through southern Sachse.
The rail mode in Sachse is accommodated by a track owned by Union Pacific that runs adjacent to SH 78 across the city. Because of its proximity to SH 78, this track contains numerous at- grade crossings. In addition, this track causes a significant geometric constraint where crossing roads intersect SH 78.
Although there are currently few facilities dedicated to the non-motorized travel mode, there is a demand fo r such facilities. As a result, the city is planning the future construction of a trail system designed to accommodate pedestrians, bicycle s, and equestrians.
Major Traffic Generators The location and character of land uses that generate large numbers of trips have a major influence on traffic volumes and flow patterns. Major traffic generators are identified and considered in reviewing the transportation system and developing the Transportation Element. At this time , there are a number of small local businesses and activities in the area. Since the area is expected to grow in both residential and commercial developments, future major traffic generators in the area may include the industrial park, the new Sachse High School and the eventual commercial development near the proposed turnpike. THOROUGHFARE PLAN Thoroughfare System Planning is the process used by cities and other governmental entities to assure development of the most efficient and appropriate street system to meet existing and future travel needs. The purpose is to ensure orderly and progressive development of the streets to serve mobility and access needs of the public. Thoroughfare planning is interrelated with other components of comprehensive planning and urban development such as land use, housing, environment and public utilities.
It is a common misconception that a Thoroughfare Plan is a blueprint for capital improvements, that once a street or road is shown on a Thoroughfare Plan, it must be improved to the minimum standards shown on the Plan. Ho wever, this is not the purpose of a Thoroughfare
4-2 Wilbur Smith Associates Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Plan. Its purpose is to identify how streets and roads operate and are intended to operate, to provide guidance to local officials and property owners in the decision making process and to help ensure the construction of a logical, complete and functional roadway network. Through the use of typical cross-sections defined for each functional classification, the Thoroughfare Plan provides a uniform and consistent design for all new or improved roadway facilities, which helps provide guidance to motorists with respect to utility, speed and land use. While the Thoroughfare Plan does not identify who is responsible for funding and/or building proposed thoroughfare improvement, including new roadways, it shall be considered to be standard operating procedure that developers are responsible for constructing and/or improving that portion of all roadways within or adjacent to their development, regardless of functional classification. While the Thoroughfare Plan does identify how streets and roads are intended to operate, it does not mandate that an existing functionally classified street or road must be improved to the specifications shown, except where adjacent to or traversing a new develo pment. In other words, just because an existing street or road is shown as a particular functional classification does not mean it must be improved to conform to the cross- section shown for that particular classification where it is not adjacent to or traversing a new development.
A Thoroughfare Plan is just that, a plan. It is important to recognize that the alignments shown for proposed facilities represent desired corridors and are merely illustrative. In other words, the alignments shown are general alignments. Because of geographical and other constraints, actual alignments may vary. The approximate alignments and right-of-way requirements for planned thoroughfares shown on the Plan should be considered in platting of subdivisions, right-of-way dedication and construction of major roadways.
The Sachse Thoroughfare Plan classifies every road and street within the corporate limits into one of five categories (listed from highest functional classification to lowest): Tollway, Principal Arterial, Minor Arterial, Collector and Local Street. The Sachse Thoroughfare Plan is represented graphically in Figure 4-1 - Thoroughfare Plan. While the Plan does show future alignments for those facilities assigned a functional classification of Collector or higher, it does not show future alignments for new Local Streets, because these streets function principally to provide access to adjacent land and their future alignments may vary depending upon specific development plans. Local Street alignments should be determined by the City, in cooperation with developers, as part of all planning for new development.
City of Sachse, Texas 4-3 Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF THOROUGHFARES Thoroughfares are grouped into functional classes according to the type of service they are intended to provide. Thoroughfares are classified according to their functional role in terms of movement and access. The higher classifications emphasize movement over access, while the lower classifications emphasize access over movement. The functional classification of a thoroughfare normally does not change as traffic increases and improvements are made unless the intended use of that roadway changes. Functional classification is not necessarily related to the number of lanes, although higher classes tend to be multi-lane roadways. However, two- lane roadways can and do function as Principal Arterials in many areas. A graphical representation of the functional classification hierarchy is shown in Figure 4-2 - Relationship of Functional Classes.
FIGURE 4-2 RELATIONSHIP OF FUNCTIONAL CLASSES
Source: Wilbur Smith Associates
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FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS As stated previously, each of Sachse’s streets and roads, existing and future, has been assigned one of the following classifications: Tollway, Principal Arterial, Minor Arterial, Collector and Local Street, with the Tollway being the highest classification, and the Local Street the lowest.
To llways and Freeways are devoted entirely to traffic movement with little or no direct land service function. They are multi-lane divided highways with full access control, meaning that all intersections are grade separated and the main lanes provide no direct access to adjoining properties. Full access control is what distinguishes a Tollway or a Freeway from other classes of roadways. Tollways and Freeways serve large volumes of high-speed traffic and are primarily intended to serve long trips, including both vehicles entering and leaving the urban area, as well as major circulation movements within the urban area. In the Sachse area, currently no roadway facilities function as a tollway or a freeway, although the future extension of the President George Bush Turnpike (the extension of Highway 190) will pass through extreme southern Sachse. For Tollway and Freeway facilities with frontage roads, the main lanes are typically classified separately from the frontage roads, with the frontage roads being assigned a lower Arterial designation.
Principal Arterials are streets and highways that provide a high degree of mobility, serve relatively high traffic volumes, have high operational speeds and serve a significant portion of through-travel or long-distance trips. Freeways and Principal Arterials together typically accommodate about 30 to 40 percent of a region's travel on 5 to 10 percent of the total roadway network. Principal Arterials serve as primary routes through a region and between regions. They are continuous over long distances (greater than five miles) and accommodate both intraregional and interregional travel. These facilities generally serve high-volume travel corridors that connect major generators of traffic, such as the central business district, other large employment centers, suburban commercial centers, industrial centers, major residential communities and other major activity centers within the urban area. Highway 78 and Murphy Road north of Blackburn Road are classified as Principal Arterials and shown in purple on the Thoroughfare Plan.
Principal Arterials typically operate between 40 to 55 MPH. In order to expedite the movement of traffic, access to adjacent properties is restricted, on-street parking is prohibited and signals are spaced at not less than ½ mile intervals and are typically limited to only those intersections where the intersecting street is of a classification of Minor Arterial. Where two Principal Arterials intersect, a grade separation should be used. At an interchange of a Principal Arterial and a Tollway or Freeway, a cloverleaf or similar indirect ramping system is desirable to
City of Sachse, Texas 4-5 Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan minimize the impedance of through-traffic. Where intersections on Principal Arterials are installed, they are typically designed to limit speed differentials between turning vehicles and other traffic to no more than 10 to 15 MPH.
Minor Arterials are similar in function to Principal Arterials, except that their primary function is to accommodate only intraregional mobility. Minor Arterials are from one to five miles in length, operate at lower speeds (30 to 40 MPH), and provide more direct access to adjacent properties and the local street network. Signals and driveways are more frequent on Minor Arterials , with signals every block in heavily urbanized districts. Unlike Regional Arterials, on- street parking is permitted on Minor Arterials. Minor Arterials that are currently in use (or will be designated) include Maxwell Creek, Blackburn/Ingram, Ranch, Sachse, Merritt and Miles (south of Sachse Road, Pleasant Valley and Bunker Hill Roads and Wood Bridge Parkway. They are shown in red on the Thoroughfare Plan.
Principal and Minor Arterials are generally spaced at one mile intervals in an alternating grid pattern. The integrated system formed by Principal Arterials and Minor Arterials typically includes 15 to 25 percent of the total roadway network and serves 40 to 60 percent of total motor vehicle travel in the area.
Collectors are the connectors between Arterials and Local Streets, which serve to collect traffic and distribute it to the Arterial network. Collectors also serve to provide direct access to a wide variety of residential, commercial and other land uses, and their design involves site-specific considerations. They provide direct service to neighborhoods and other local areas, and may border or traverse neighborhood boundaries. Parking is generally permitted on Collectors. Sachse’ Collectors are Clubhouse, Hooper, Bailey, Miles (north of Sachse Road), Salmon, Industrial and Ben Davis Roads. They are shown in green on the Thoroughfare Plan.
Since Collectors are used for short distance trips between Local Streets and Arterials, they should be continuous in the spaces between Arterials. However, Collectors should never be more than a mile in length and should not extend across an Arterial, as such an extension will promote the misuse of the Collector as an Arterial. To provide efficient traffic circulation and preserve amenities of neighborhoods, Collectors should desirably be spaced at about one- quarter to one-half mile intervals. Subdivision street layout plans should include Collectors as well as Local Streets in order to provide efficient traffic access and circulation.
Since Collectors generally carry higher traffic volumes than Local Streets, they require a wider roadway cross section. A Collector should be designed to accommodate two travel lanes and two parking lanes. A Collector should never be designed to accommodate more than two travel
4-6 Wilbur Smith Associates Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan lanes throughout its length, as such a design will encourage the misuse of the Collector as an Arterial. A Collector should be designed for an operating speed of 30 MPH. Collectors typically make up about 5 to 10 percent of the total street system.
Collectors serve an important role in collecting and distributing traffic between Arterials and Local Streets. Their identification is essential in planning and managing traffic ingress/egress and movement within residential neighborhoods as well as commercial and industrial areas. Existing Collectors are delineated on the Thoroughfare Plan and planned new Collectors are shown as general alignments that should be considered and incorporated in subdivision platting and development planning.
Local Streets include all other streets and roads that are not included in higher classes. They include internal and access streets that allow direct access to residential and commercial properties and similar traffic destinations. Direct access to abutting land is their primary role, for all traffic originates from or is destined to abutting land. Th rough-traffic and excessive speeds should be discouraged by using appropriate geometric designs, traffic control devices, curvilinear alignments and discontinuous streets. On-street parking is generally permitted. Trip lengths on Local Streets are short, volumes are low and speeds are slow, typically 25-30 MPH. A typical local street can accommodate one travel lane and two parking lanes, although narrower cross-sections are acceptable. Local Streets typically comprise about 65 to 80 percent of the total street system in urban areas. Local streets are shown in black on the Thoroughfare Plan.
TRANSPORTATION GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS: The Transportation Goal, with its Objectives and Actions form the basis of the transportation plan. They serve as a framework for guiding future transportation growth and improvements within the City of Sachse. For the Sachse Transportation Element these are based upon input from the Steering Committee as well as from comments received from residents at a community meeting held in May 2000. Also taken into consideration were the goals and objectives from the previous plans. The Transportation Plan is based upon the following goal, objectives and actions:
Transportation Goal: Provide access to neighborhoods and businesses while serving overall mobility needs of residents and businesses. Objective A: Ensure the road system in the City provides appropriate access for residents while discouraging commercial traffic in neighborhoods. Action 1: Use the Thoroughfare Plan to determine where arterial and collector streets are needed in new residential and commercial developments.
City of Sachse, Texas 4-7 Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Action 2: Use city funds on streets to benefit the community as a whole. Action 3: Improve traffic signal timings to enhance progressive movement along Hwy 78 and other major thoroughfares. Objective B: Alternative transportation modes should be available to the residents of the City. Action 1: Provide designated on and off street bike routes. Action 2: Provide trails, sidewalks and crosswalks on all arterial and collector streets. Objective C: Larger vehicles should utilize major transportation routes around the City to minimize negative impact on residential neighborhoods. Action 1: Downgrade the functional classifications of roads traversing Sachse to discourage their use by larger vehicles. Action 2: Adopt designated enforceable truck routes. Action 3: Establish Hazardous Material Routing. Action 4: Provide better enforcement of traffic regulations, especially for trucks. Action 5: Provide signage for truck traffic movement through and within the Sachse area. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THOROUGHFARE PLAN Implementation of thoroughfare system improvements occurs in stages over time as the City grows and, over many years, builds toward the ultimate thoroughfare system shown in the Thoroughfare Plan. The fact that a planned thoroughfare is shown in the plan does not represent a commitment to a specific time frame for construction, nor that the City will build the roadway improvement. Individual thoroughfare improvements may be constructed by a variety of implementing agencies including the City of Sachse, Dallas and Collin Counties and Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), as well as private developers and land owners for sections of roadways located within or adjacent to their property.
The City of Sachse, Dallas and Collin Counties, TxDOT, as well as residents, land owners and developers, can utilize the Thoroughfare Plan in making decisions relating to the planning, coordination and programming of future development and transportation improvements. Review by the City of preliminary and final plats for proposed subdivisions in accordance with the Subdivision Ordinance should include consideration of compliance with the Thoroughfare Plan, in order to ensure consistency and availability of sufficient right-of-way for the general roadway alignments shown in the plan. By identifying thoroughfare locations where right-of- way is needed, land owners and developers can consider the roadways in their subdivision planning, dedication of public right-of-way and provision of set backs for new buildings, utility
4-8 Wilbur Smith Associates Transportation Sachse Comprehensive Plan lines, and other improvements located along the rights-of-way for existing and planned thoroughfares.
The Thoroughfare Plan will have long reaching effects on the growth and development in the Sachse area, since it guides the reservation of rights-of-way needed for future thoroughfare improvements. The plan has important influence on the pattern of movement and the desirability of areas as locations for development and land use. While other elements of the Comprehensive Plan look at foreseeable changes and needs over a 20-year period, thoroughfare planning requires an even longer-range perspective extending into the very long-term future. Future changes in transportation technology, cost structure, service demands for the transportation system and resulting long-term shifts in urban growth and development patterns require a farsighted and visionary approach to thoroughfare planning decisions.
PLAN AMENDMENT PROCESS It will be necessary to periodically consider and adopt proposed amendments to the Thoroughfare Plan to reflect changing conditions and new needs for thoroughfare system improvement and development. A systematic procedure should be followed for making plan amendments, including a set schedule for annually inviting and considering proposed changes.
The process for amending the Thoroughfare Plan should be established in the City's Subdivision Ordinance. Typically, plan amendment requests may originate from landowners, civic groups, neighborhood associations, developers, other governmental agencies, City staff, and other interested parties. Proposed revisions should be analyzed by the Planning and Development Department, Public Works Director, City Engineer and other City staff and the proposed changes and staff recommendations should then be considered by the Planning and Zoning Commission. The Planning and Zoning Commission should conduct a public hearing on proposed plan amendments, including required 15-day public notice in advance of the hearing. Proposed amendments should be considered in a fair, reasonable and open process. The burden for proving compelling reasons for and public benefit of any proposed changes should rest with the requesting parties. Decisions and determinations should represent the best interests of the public.
The revised Thoroughfare Plan, including any approved plan amendments, should be adopted by the Planning and Zoning Commission and submitted by the Commission for adoption by the City Council. The amended plan becomes effective upon adoption by the City Council.
City of Sachse, Texas 4-9
CCoommmmuunniittyy FFaacciilliittiieess Sachse Comprehensive Plan The City of Sachse operates and maintains its public buildings to serve the citizens of the community. Identification of the purpose, function and current use of each of these buildings is necessary to determine the adequacy of current spaces and determine the future needs of each department and facility to meet the expected levels of service. Currently, the City Hall and Fire Station are located on Highway 78, with the Library, Police Station and Senior Center located in the Municipal Complex on Sachse Road. Figure 5-1 – Community Facilities Plan illustrates the existing and future community facilities for the City of Sachse.
INVENTORY OF CITY FACILITIES City Hall The City Hall at 5560 Highway 78 is a good example of adaptive reuse. A former strip office complex now houses the administrative offices including the City Manager, City Secretary, Finance Department, Municipal Court, Tax Office, Fire Chief, Community Development Department (Planning and Code Enforcement), Economic Development Corporation as well as the multi-purpose City Council Chambers. Extensively remodeled in 1998, this 9,000 square foot building adequately serves the community in 2001.
Uses in the building include the City Council Chamber with restroom, kitchen area and conference room in an area of approximately 2,800 square feet. The Administrative offices, including the City Manager, City Secretary, Finance Director, Administrative Assistant and reception area use 1,500 square feet. The Community Development Department uses 2,600 square feet of the City Hall complex for the offices of the director, fire chief, four building inspectors, one environmental inspector, one plan reviewer, an office assistant and part time clerk. The Finance Department, including Utility Billing, Municipal Court and Accounting use 1,700 square feet. The Economic Development Corporation offices use approximately 400 square feet.
The old City Hall Annex is a 900 square foot building that was once used as the police station and municipal court. It is small and in poor condition. The old City Hall building was torn down.
Library For a city the size of Sachse even the current Library on Sachse Road at the intersection of Miles and Bryan Roads is an outstanding achievement, but it has outgrown the space. The Library currently shares a 6,400 square foot facility with the Police Department. Construction plans are already underway for a new 10,000 square foot facility on adjacent city property. This
City of Sachse, Texas 5-1 Community Facilities Sachse Comprehensive Plan new building is a result of citizen input received at the first town meeting for this Comprehensive Plan update.
Police Station The Police Station is also located at the intersection of Sachse, Bryan and Miles Roads. The 29 full-time and 4 reserve members of the police force currently share the 6,400 square foot building with the Library. The current 2,000 square foot area is inadequate for the number of staff and type of operations. When the construction of the new library is completed, the Police Department will be able to use all of the building for police functions. This space, when retrofitted, should be adequate for police needs for the foreseeable future. A substation, perhaps in conjunction with other city facilities on the northwest side of Highway 78 and in the proposed business park area in the southern part of the City, should be considered as the residences and businesses in those areas increase.
Public Works Located at 6420 Sachse Road, the Public Works Department is housed in a 4,800 square foot building. The recently acquired adjacent property provides an additional 3,000 square foot building, a new pump station building (1,296 square feet) and a 7,500 square foot equipment storage shed. The Animal Control Department is currently located adjacent to the Public Works facility.
Fire Station The Sachse Volunteer Fire Department provides outstanding fire protection for the City on a 24 hour a day basis. Currently, the main functions of the department are housed in the 6,000 square foot Fire Station 1 located at 6232 Highway 78. The Department is responsible for fire suppression, fire protection and emergency medical services. A full time Fire Chief oversees a department of two part time inspectors and 27 volunteer firemen, which includes 12 paramedics and 10 emergency medical technicians. An additional 7,500 square feet of facilities is desirable. A second fire station, preferably on the northwest side of Highway 78 and the railroad, should be considered as the area continues to grow. As with the Police Department, a station may be required in the future business park area around a proposed extension of the toll road.
The Sachse Volunteer Fire Departments have earned an Insurance Services Office (ISO) Class 5 fire insurance rating. The Department undergoes regular evaluations as to the quality of fire equipment and personnel, water availability and proper communications. This is a very good
5-2 Wilbur Smith Associates Community Facilities Sachse Comprehensive Plan rating for a city the size of Sachse and is an improvement from last year. The Department should continue to maintain and even improve the rating.
Senior Center The newest community facility is the Senior Center located at 3815 Sachse Road. The 2,400 square foot center was built with grant assistance from the Dallas Area Agency on Aging. Services rovided by the center are exercise programs, assistance with grocery shopping and doctors appointments, benefits counseling, as well as monthly movies and excursions. Current staffing includes the director and assistant director.
Parks and Recreation Facilities The parks and recreation facilities and needs are in the separate Sachse Parks and Recreation Master Plan, but it should be noted here that there was a great deal of interest in the park needs assessment survey in having a community center or recreation center at one of the parks or at the Municipal Complex.
The Red Caboose The Sachse Chamber of Commerce is housed in the caboose, a visible landmark in the area. It serves as a reminder of Sachse’s historical relationship with the railroad while providing offices for a worthwhile community organization.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS Utilities Water service in the City of Sachse is provided by the North Texas Municipal Water District. Sewer service is provided, through an interlocal agreement, by the City of Garland. Garbage and recycling collection is provided by BFI.
Electric power is provided by TXU Electric or by FEC Electric (southeastern part of the city.) TXU Gas provides natural gas service. Local land based telephone service is from GTE (Verizon). Most major cell phone providers provide coverage in the Sachse area. Cable TV service is provided by AT&T Cable Services.
Schools The City of Sachse is served by two school districts, Garland Independent School District for the residents in Dallas County and Wylie Independent School District for residents of Collin County. Sewell Elementary School and Hudson Middle School on Hudson Drive at Miles Road are part of Garland ISD. The new Sachse High School on Miles Road is under construction and scheduled to open in the Fall 2002. A new elementary school is planned for property north of Bunker Hill Road, with additional future sites under consideration. Garland ISD’s agricultural facility is
City of Sachse, Texas 5-3 Community Facilities Sachse Comprehensive Plan located on Pleasant Valley Road in the southernmost part of the city. At this time, Wylie ISD has no school facilities in the city, but are reviewing sites in the residential areas of Sachse in Collin County. Future sites are indicated in generalized terms on the Future Land Use Plan. Several of the local churches also provide eleme ntary and middle school level facilities as well as after school and summer activities within the church complexes.
FUTURE FACILITY NEEDS As the City continues to develop, there will be the need for additional city employees and additional office space and service areas. Space requirement standards for community facilities are generally developed within the City, however, several of the Sachse city departments have staff to population ratios that help to define their space needs. It should be noted that as the City increases, so will the need for additional staff and offices, however, these requirements are not directly proportional to the population.
Although there is room for an additional city building on the property adjacent to City Hall for future expansion of office space, consideration should be given to the relocation of all or part of the current City Hall functions in a new City Hall Building at the Municipal Complex on Sachse Road. This central location with proximity to other city facilities may be the most desirable one, particularly if the present location with its frontage on Highway 78 is determined to be better for commercial usage.
Additional space is desirable to provide the Finance Department with a customer service area for centralized payments for utility bills, court payments and permit fees. As the business development aspects of the city continue to be developed, the Economic Development Corporation will need additional space for two offices and a board/conference room. The City Secretary’s office needs additional space for personnel and records storage. The Community Development Department will require additional office space of 1500 to 2400 square feet to accommodate a full time Planner and City Engineer.
To adequately serve the residents and businesses on the northwest side of Highway 78 and the railroad track, a second Fire Station is needed. This could be a multi-use facility by adding office space for a police substation. Another fire station location should be considered in the proposed business park area. Relocating Fire Station 1 to the Municipal Complex on Sachse Road would provide a central fire station location within the Municipal Complex.
The new Library should meet the needs for a number of years into the future. Additional staff will allow the library to provide more than the current basic services and allow longer hours of operation.
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As the community grows, the pet population grows as well. A new animal control issue is the relocation of wildlife as the community becomes more urbanized. A new Animal Shelter will be needed as well as additional staff. This facility may be at the current location with the potential of adding additional facilities.
GOAL AND OBJECTIVES Community Facilities Goal: Provide appropriate and desirable city facilities and services that are readily accessible to the citizens of Sachse in an economically cost effective manner. Objective A: Construct Fire Station 2 in the northwest area of the City. Action 1: Begin search for appropriate location. Consider combining with other uses such as museum, police substation or other city facility. Action 2: Consider funding mechanism. Objective B: Construct a new City Hall at the Municipal Complex. Action 1: Conduct study of office and public space needs. Action 2: Develop appropriate funding mechanism. Objective C: Construct a fire/public safety facility in the southern (business park) area. Action 1: Begin search for appropriate location. Consider combining with other uses such as a park, police substation or other city facility. Action 2: Determine appropriate funding mechanism. Objective D: Consider construction of a community center. Action 1: Coordinated with other entities for possible regional center. Action 2: Use Parks and Recreation Master Plan priority for community center as the basis to apply for matching grant funds. Objective E: Add appropriate animal control facilities. Action 1: Determine appropriate location. The implementation of the Objectives identified above requires careful financial planning. It should be fully realized that the facilities cannot all be built at once and will require additional consideration.
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IW2pif2HP2IPXHH XreovershseQSHVVH2shse2mpsshseompIftpElndEuseEHSITHIFpr2@vX22gommunity2pilities2IIxIUA NNeeiigghhbboorrhhooooddss Sachse Comprehensive Plan Neighborhoods and residential development are the heart as well as the future of Sachse. The dynamic growth in Texas, particularly in the Metroplex area, is bringing new development to once rural suburban communities. Over the years, Sachse has become the location of many fine neighborhoods. Now the issue is how to preserve and protect the existing neighborhoods while encouraging and regulating appropriate new development. This requires a balance between the old and the new. While individual neighborhood characteristics should be maintained to the extent desired by the residents, consideration must be given to promoting livable neighborhoods, protecting neighborhoods from incompatible adjacent land uses, encouraging appropriate landscaping materials and creating a citywide program to encourage acceptable standards of upkeep and maintenance.
Neighborhoods are among a city’s greatest assets as they form a foundation for a sound quality of life. A city is usually made up of a number of distinct neighborhood areas, each with somewhat different physical characteristics such as the age of housing, street configuration and the size of structures and lots. Much of the City of Sachse’s overall image and identity is due to the unique rural residential character of its neighborhoods. Neighborhoods that are safe, well kept and have character will raise property values and thus maintain a sound neighborhood environment and a stable residential tax base.
Strengthening neighborhoods through organization, communication, coordination and education is instrumental in maintaining and improving a livable neighborhood environment. Established, stable neighborhoods must be preserved and protected from encroaching incompatible development while new neighborhoods are developed in a sustainable manner. Neighborhoods that are declining need a joint effort between the City and residents to rehabilitate the public infrastructure as well as private property investments. The City's role includes provision and maintenance of adequate public facilities such as streets, drainage, sidewalks, parks and recreation areas, streetlights, and water and wastewater infrastructure. Public services such as police and fire protection and solid waste collection are also important ingredients, as are other community services and programs for youth and seniors. Condemnation and demolition of dilapidated properties and strict enforcement of zoning and housing codes, as well as standards for new construction, are also necessary to preserve stable neighborhoods and redevelop deteriorating neighborhoods.
In February 2001, a series of five neighborhood meetings were held to find out what were the important issues facing the neighborhoods. Each meeting began with the question “what is
City of Sachse, Texas 6-1 Neighborhoods Sachse Comprehensive Plan good about the neighborhoods?” In the discussions that followed, both neighborhood and community problems were identified. There was a definite consensus across all the meetings that Sachse, with its rural residential atmosphere and location, was a quiet and safe place to live.
Although there was not the expected interest in organized homeowners associations, there was definite interest in protecting the quality of life in Sachse. Concerns included proposed future land uses and how they affected property values and current use, lot density and size in new areas, encroaching commercial effects on adjacent residential areas, enforcement of existing city codes, speeding cars, garbage collection changes, drainage problems, construction litter and road conditions.
As in the other elements of the Comprehensive Plan, and based on the citizen input., the following goal, objectives and actions were developed for the neighborhoods of Sachse.
Goal: Protect and improve the quality of life in Sachse’s neighborhoods. Objective A: Continue to enforce existing codes and ordinances that ensure the safety and appearance of Sachse neighborhoods. Action 1: Monitor and enforce speed limits in neighborhoods and school zones. Action 2: Develop litter elimination programs. Enforce existing ordinances particularly in areas of new construction. Action 3: Continue to enforce high weeds and dwelling safety ordinances. Action 4: Require buffering and low-level lighting on commercial development or redevelopment when adjacent to existing or future residential areas. Objective B: Encourage quality residential development that complies with the codes and ordinances. Action 1: Require that new developments comply with existing requirements. Action 2: Revise requirements to be more consistent with the desires stated in the Comprehensive Plan land use policies. Objective C: Enhance the appearances of neighborhoods. Action 1: Encourage voluntary application of the new landscaping requirement in older neighborhoods where desired and appropriate. Action 2: Create a “Sachse Beautiful” program to encourage improved neighborhood and community appearance. While the City is responsible for the enforcement of codes and ordinances, the preservation and enhancement of residential areas ultimately lies in neighborhood interest and cooperation.
6-2 Wilbur Smith Associates HHiissttoorriicc RReeccooggnniittiioonn Sachse Comprehensive Plan The City of Sachse can be traced back to 1840, when the City’s founder, William Sachse came to America from Herford, Prussia. He arrived in Collin County in early 1845, where he was very successful as a farmer, rancher and trader. He soon acquired 5,000 acres of land, which formed the beginning of the City of Sachse.(Jones, 1990: 3) The original families of the City of Sachse were of Prussian, English, Scottish and Dutch descent.(Jones, 1990: 1) Their hard work formed the community of Sachse. The first businesses, industries, schools and churches, the first train depot that connected Sachse (both for business and pleasure) to other neighboring cities can all be traced to these families.
The key to a community’s growth and its future is recognizing and understanding its past. History provides insight into its people, its traditions and its beliefs - all that the community holds important. The Sachse Historical Society was formed in 1988 with a mission to preserve the historic identity of Sachse. Much of Sachse’s historic elements have been lost, as is the case with many cities, to a variety of causes: new development, lack of care and appreciation and most often, weather. When, in 1982, the Dallas County Historical Commission conducted a survey of historical resources in Dallas County, Sachse had 20 historical resources. Unfortunately, in the 1988 Dallas County Historical Commission survey update, the number of recognized historical resources had dropped to only eight. It is necessary and important that the few resources that exist are preserved, and that those that have been lost, be recognized and appreciated.
The latest Dallas County Historic Commission’s report identifies eight historic resources in the City of Sachse. They are classified as having high, moderate and low levels of significance. These classifications are based on the resources’ contribution to the broad patterns of history, association with the lives of persons significant to the past, distinctive architectural styles, exhibition of integrity in design, craftsmanship or materials, maintenance of appearance, and maintenance in integrity in location and setting age. Places that were given a high level of significance were Sachse’s two historical cemeteries: one at the corner of 6th Street and Sachse Road, and the Pleasant Valley Cemetery on Merritt Road. The church on Pleasant Valley Road was given a moderate level of significance, as was the drain inlet on Elm Grove between Whitley and Pleasant Valley Road. The house at 5940 Highway 78 was given a low level of significance. The school at Dewitt Street and Third Street and the two houses at Box 608 and 609 East Merritt Road were mentioned, but not given a level of significance. This ndicatesi that these resources had been altered to the point that their historic value was jeopardized. The unfortunate deterioration of many of Sachse’s historic sites implies that efforts must be made
City of Sachse, Texas 7-1 Historic Recognition Sachse Comprehensive Plan to recognize these treasured links to Sachse’s past, as well as to formulate means for their preservation.
In addition to the above mentioned resources, Mary Allene Jones, the great-granddaughter of both William Sachse and Daniel Herring, has identified and located many more sites, and has documented them, as well as Sachse’s history in her book Sachse Remembered, 1840-1940. Although many of these sites do not exist today, their documentation plays an important role in recognizing Sachse’s past. Figure 7-1 - Historic Sites Plan locates these sites.
Although the City has no direct responsibility for historic preservation at this point, it is important to support the activities of citizens who desire to recognize the City’s heritage. The following goal, objectives and actions provide guidelines for the City’s role.
Goal: To recognize the long heritage of the City of Sachse. Objective A: Establish mechanisms that recognize Sachse’s historical past. Action 1: Determine sites of historical significance in the City, including sites that once housed points of interest. Action 2: Install historical markers that include a brief history at recognized sites. Action 3: Create a “Historic Trail” of the City including points of interest and organize “Historic Walking Tours” whenever possible. Objective B: Assist in the preservation of historic resources of the City of Sachse. Action 1: Continue coordinated efforts with The Sachse Historical Society in its mission to preserve the history of Sachse. Action 2: Develop and enforce controls for the maintenance and protection of existing historical resources. Action 3: Establish incentives for the restoration of buildings of historical significance.
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EEccoonnoommiicc DDeevveellooppmmeenntt Sachse Comprehensive Plan Community economic development is derived from public/private partnerships that promote extensive and prolonged private investment. Human resources, land development, financing and the creation of supporting community organizations are the factors necessary to advance a growing economy. A community’s economic development program should include policies and actions that are designed to attract industry, encourage business growth and promote job creation and retention. Key concepts include cooperative action, collaboration and sustained private investment via the marketplace. A city’s economic development program relates to community actions designed to attract industry, encourage business growth and promote job creation. Sachse’s economic well-being results from the location within the community of companies engaged in manufacturing, production or distribution of goods and services.
Sachse has a number of assets that are essential to continued economic growth: a strategic location in the Dallas and Collin Counties, the President George Bush Tollway, available land, accessibility and consumer markets. In the past year, the City has begun to actively practice a higher commitment to economic development in an effort to achieve gains in revenue.
LINK BETWEEN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING Economic development is a significant component of comprehensive planning, since it is closely linked to all elements that contribute to “quality of life”. The economic development program and strategy for primary job growth support the Comprehensive Plan’s shared vision of what the citizens of Sachse want the City to be now and in the future.
Information on the availability of sites and permitted uses is readily available in the Future Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance, an implementation tool of the Comprehensive Plan. Current and planned access to the business and industrial sites are important considerations for a business or industry when considering new locations. Other factors affecting location include available job force, suitable housing and education. The overall health and vitality of Sachse’s economy is a key contributor to the quality of life for the citizens. When businesses locate in Sachse, they contribute to a thriving economy and expanding tax base. Funds generated by sales tax and property tax revenues provide the City with the resources to achieve the goals of the Comprehensive Plan.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND Since 1979, Texas law has allowed cities to form Economic Development Corporations to attract businesses and create job opportunities. In l989, the Legislature amended The Development Corporation Act of 1979 to allow eligible cities the option of adopting a dedicated sales and use
City of Sachse, Texas 8-1 Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan tax to fund industrial development projects. Further legislation in 1991 provided cities with a second form of sales tax to improve their viability as places to live, work and visit. More information on EDC activities may be found in the guidebook published by the Office of the Attorney General, the Handbook on Economic Development Laws for Texas Cities. These local sales and use taxes are known as "the economic development sales taxes." The authority to enact the sales and use tax for economic development is found in Vernon's Ann.Civ.St. art. 5190.6 4A, 4B.
There are two types of Economic Development Corporations in Texas that utilize sales and use taxes as their funding. The 4A tax, authorized in 1989, is limited in use to industrial and manufacturin g facilities, recycling facilities, distribution centers, small warehouse facilities, closed or realigned military bases and some allowances in the areas of commercial business development, business airport facilities, and port-related facilities. Wylie, for example, is a 4A Corporation.
In 1991, the 73rd Legislature added #160 4B, which allows greater flexibility in the use of revenues. The Sachse EDC is a 4B Economic Development Corporation. Generally, allowable 4B expenditures include not only those available under 4A, but also projects that contribute to the quality of life in the community, such as park-related facilities, professional and amateur sports and athletic facilities, tourism and entertainment facilities, affordable housing and any other improvements or facilities to promote new or expanded business enterprises.
In 1999, the 76th Legislature added job training, targeted infrastructure, job creation and retention and educational facilities to the definition of "project," thereby expanding the allowable uses of the economic development sales tax revenues.
As of July 2000, 441 cities had adopted economic development sales taxes with 125 adopting a 4A tax, 247 adopting a 4B tax and 69 adopting both 4A and 4B taxes.
Cities may adopt an economic development sales tax under 4A or 4B at a rate of 1/8, 1/4, 3/8 or 1/2 of 1 percent if the new total rate of all local sales and use taxes would not exceed 2 percent. Cities also may limit the duration of the tax and the use of the funds.
The Developme nt Corporation Act also requires a city to establish a development corporation to administer and oversee the expenditure of the 4A and 4B sales and use tax funds. The development corporation is governed by a board of directors appointed by and that serve at the pleasure of the city's governing body.
Upon receipt of the sales tax from the Comptroller, a city is required to deliver the funds to the development corporation. The board makes all decisions regarding the use of this local revenue
8-2 Wilbur Smith Associates Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan in undertaking projects, however the city retains oversight authority. In 1994, the citizens of Sachse decided by a referendum vote to establish the Sachse Economic Development Corporation.
PRIMARY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES Survey data from the Texas Comptroller’s office demonstrates the objectives and ways that Texas EDC’s spent their money in 1998 and 1999. As shown in Figure 8-1 - Primary Development Objectives Comparison, many corporations listed more than one primary economic development objective. Job creation and job retention was the preferred activity.
Infrastructure and projects came in second. Sports facilities, tourism and other received almost equal preference. Of the fiscal year 1998 completed forms, 242 corporations listed "job creation/job retentio n" as a primary economic development objective; 201 corporations listed "infrastructure /projects"; 82 listed "sports facilities/ recreation"; 76 selected "tourism"; and 46 listed "other".
For fiscal year 1999, 270 corporations listed "job creation/job retention" as a primary economic development objective; 245 corporations listed "infrastructure projects"; 88 listed "sports facilities/ recreation"; 86 selected "tourism"; and 57 listed "other”.
Report findings for fiscal year 1998 show significant differences between primary economic development objectives preferred by 4A and 4B corporations. These differences are illustrated in Figure 8-2 -Differences Between Primary Objectives of 4A and 4B Corporations. Job creation and retention was the activity of choice for 4A corporations. One hundred thirty-six or 81 percent of the 4A corporations listed "job creation/job retention" as a primary economic development objective, while 106 or 45 percent of the 4B corporations listed this as a primary objective. Section 4B corporations had more of a leaning towards infrastructure projects, sports facilities and tourism than did 4A corporations. One hundred thirty-two or 56 percent of the 4B corporations listed "infrastructure projects" as their primary objective, while only 69 or 41 percent of the 4A corporations indicated infrastructure was a primary objective.
One noteworthy difference between the two fiscal years report of primary economic development objectives has to do with "infrastructure projects." There was a notable increase in "infrastructure projects" as a primary economic development objective by 4B corporations from one fiscal year to the next. A total of 172 (63 percent) of the 272 4B corporations listed "infrastructure projects" as a primary economic development objective in fiscal 1999, compared to 132 (57 percent) out of 233 corporations in fiscal year 1998.
City of Sachse, Texas 8-3 Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan FIGURE 8-1 PRIMARY DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES COMPARISON
FIGURE 8-2 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY OBJECTIVES 4A AND 4B CORPORATIONS
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATIONS Under both 4A and 4B, the Development Corporation Act has unique provisions that require cities to establish a corporation to administer the sales and use tax funds. The corporation must file Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State, which must state that the corporation is governed under Vernon's Ann.Civ.St. art. 5190.6, 4A or art. 5190.6, 4B of the Development Corporation Act of 1979.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS The composition of the corporation's board of directors and the length of a member's term differ between 4A and 4B. Under 4A: The city's governing body must appoint a five-member
8-4 Wilbur Smith Associates Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan board. Each member is appointed to a term not to exceed six years. Under 4B: The city's governing body must appoint seven directors. Three of the seven directors cannot be employees, officers, or members of the city's governing body. The other four directors may be, but are not required to be, members of the governing body or city employees. All directors are appointed to a two-year term under 4B. The directors of a corporation authorized under 4B must be residents of the city authorizing the sales tax if the city's population is 20,000 or more. There is no city residency requirement for 4B directors in cities with fewer than 20,000 population as long as the director is a resident of the county in which the majority of the city is located. The board of directors authorized under 4A and 4B serves at the pleasure of the governing body and must conduct meetings within the city's boundaries. A majority of the board (four members) constitutes a quorum.
The industrial development corporation board of directors is subject to both the Open Meetings Act and the Open Records Act. Additionally, the Development Corporation Act requires the board to conduct all of its meetings within the city limits. At one of its first meetings, the board is required to elect a president, a secretary, and any other officers that the governing body of the city considers necessary. The corporation's registered agent must be a resident of Texas, and the corporation's registered office must be within the boundaries of the city.
HOW TAX REVENUE CAN BE USED What are the differences between a 4A tax and a 4B tax?
4A - The tax is primarily intended for manufacturing and industrial development, and cities must use the tax revenues to focus on these areas. 4B - The tax provides cities with a wider range of uses for the tax revenues because it is intended to give communities an opportunity to undertake a project for quality of life improvements, including economic development. 4A Sales Tax Cities may use the money raised by this sales tax to acquire land, buildings, equipment, facilities and improvements for purposes related to:
µ Manufacturing and industrial facilities, recycling facilities, distribution centers, small warehouse facilities; µ Commercial development and expansion in blighted or economically depressed areas and development areas; µ A general aviation business service airport that is an integral part of an industrial park; µ Port-related facilities to support waterborne commerce; and µ Maintenance and operating costs associated with projects. A corporation created under 4A cannot assume, or pay principal or interest on, debts that existed before the city created the corporation.
City of Sachse, Texas 8-5 Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan SPECIFIC COSTS OF A SECTION 4B PROJECT THAT MAY BE FUNDED Cities must understand what general categories are available for expenditures. They additionally need to know what types of specific expenditures are contemplated within each of these categories. For assistance in understanding what is permitted under the Act, cities should review the definition of the term "cost" under Section 2(4) of the Act. Section 2(4) of the Development Corporation Act defines what costs may be applied to a Section 4B project. It states in pertinent part that costs for a project may include:
a. Land and facility improvements: the cost of acquisition, construction, improvement, expansion of land, buildings and acquisition of right-of-way. b. Machinery and supplies: the cost of machinery, equipment, inventory, raw materials and supplies. c. Financial transaction costs: the cost of financing charges, certain interest before and during construction and necessary reserve funds. d. Planning costs: the cost of research and development, engineering and legal services, development of plans and specifications, surveys and cost estimates; and other expenses necessary or incident to determining the feasibility and practicability of undertaking the project. Due to the definition of the term "project" and of the term "cost" contained in the Development Corporation Act, a strong argument can be made that any expenditure by a 4B corporation must be related to the acquisition or physical improvement of land, buildings, equipment, or facilities. Of course, expenditures could also include administrative or planning costs associated with such an acquisition or improvement.
PAYMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES FOR A SECTION 4B PROJECT Section 2(4) of the Act states that the cost of a project may also include the administrative and other expenses that are incident to placing the project into operation. The law provides that these expenses could include administrative expenses for the acquisition, construction, improvement, expansion and financing of the project. This authority could be cited for the hiring of administrative staff to implement the work of the Section 4B development corporation with regard to its projects. Accordingly, cities that perform some of the administrative functions for the corporation could cite this authority for reimbursement from Section 4B funds for administrative costs related to projects that city staff oversees.
Additionally , Section 4B(a-2) states that the costs of a publicly owned and operated project may include the maintenance and operating costs for the project. The Act, however, allows the voters to object to such an expenditure by submitting a petition of ten percent of the registered voters of the city. The public has 60 days from the date when notice is first given that the tax will be used for this purpose to submit the petition. Such a petition would ask the city to hold an election to approve the payment of maintenance and operating costs for projects. An
8-6 Wilbur Smith Associates Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan election is not required, however, if the voters had previously approved the use of Section 4B tax proceeds for this purpose at an earlier election under the Development Corporation Act.
Payment of Promotional Expenses and Debt Obligations Due to a lack of clear statutory authority for a Section 4B corporation to expend funds for promotional purposes, cities should seek legal counsel before any such expenditure. Unlike Section 4A, Section 4B of the Development Corporation Act does not contain any reference to the use of Section 4B tax monies for promotional purposes. At a minimum, Section 4B tax proceeds could only be used for "promotional" costs that were in furtherance of and related to specific projects that are authorized under the Development Corporation Act. If a Section 4B corporation chooses to expend funds for promotional purposes, it is also advisable that the corporation voluntarily limits such expenditures to no more than 10 percent of the corporate revenues. Limiting this type of expenditure is consistent with the express intent of the Texas Legislature that the economic development sales tax not be used primarily for promotional purposes.
The Section 4B development corporation may issue bonds, notes and other contractual obligations to fund its projects. However, a bond or debt instrument of the corporation is not an obligation of the city, nor is it backed by the city ad valorem tax rate. The tax proceeds received by the Section 4B corporation may be used to pay the principal and interest on the bonds and any other related costs.
FUNDING MECHANISMS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT There is a variety of ways to support economic development. Sachse, through the SEDC, has already implemented some of the following, however, there are others that should be considered as well. The Comprehensive Plan Committee recommends that the City of Sachse research and employ the following funding methods when appropriate.
Sales Tax for Economic Development - The City created the Sachse Economic Development Corporation as a non-profit development corporation to promote the creation of new and expanded industry and manufacturing activity within the city and surrounding vicinity. The Section 4A-development Corporation is funded by the imposition of a local sales and use tax dedicated to economic development.
Alternative Tax Initiatives for Local Development - Cities may adopt a venue project tax whereby they can collect taxes to fund a specific voter-approved economic development project. Projects may include sports stadiums, convention centers and related improvements, or tourist development along an inland waterway. Venues that may be taxed include admissions, motor vehicle rental, event parking, hotel occupancy and facility uses.
City of Sachse, Texas 8-7 Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan Local Property Tax Incentives – A city may use the following to attract new industry and commercial enterprises to the area:
Property Tax Abatement is a means by which a city may enter into an agreement to abate (waive and/or postpone) property taxes in a "reinvestment zone".
Tax Increment Financing is a tool to publicly finance needed structural improvements and enhanced infrastructure within a defined area. The costs of the improvements are repaid by the contribution of all or a portion of future tax revenues that are attributed to the increase in the property values due to the improvements in the reinvestment zone.
Freeport Exemption adopted in August 2000, is a type of property tax exemption for certain items that are detained in Texas for a limited period of time for storage or factory processing. It may enhance the ability to attract warehouse and distribution centers. This exemption was instituted in 1990 unless the taxing authority took specific action to continue to tax certain applicable property.
Economic Development through Tourism – A city may use the following programs to augment tourism programs that bring visitors to the area.
Local Hotel Occupancy Tax provides an important source of funding for maintenance of a city's tourism program.
Designation under the Texas Program for Historic Landmarks with the owners' approval provides eligibility for ad valorem tax exemptions and state grant preservation funds, technical preservation assistance and inclusion in travel guides.
Designation by the National Register for Historic Places makes certain tax credits available for certified rehabilitation of income -producing buildings and allows for federal historic preservation grants-in-aid.
Grants and Loans - A city may provide a grant or loan of city funds or services to promote economic development, but must insure that the public purpose of economic development will be pursued by the business through the creation of jobs, or expansion of the tax base by construction of or enhancement of physical facilities. Safeguards and demonstrable benefits should be stipulated in a contract agreement in which there are tangible means for measuring the business' meeting of its obligations.
A city may provide land to promote economic development by obtaining and even partially developing a site to show businesses that may relocate to the area. Examples may include the purchase of land for municipal facilities including water and sewer treatment plants, industrial parks, municipal airports and city streets.
8-8 Wilbur Smith Associates Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan Issuing Debt For Economic Development - If permitted by the city charter, a city may issue bonds to finance infrastructure improvements and certain manufacturing and commercial facilities. These bonds may be issued through the Development Corporation or a tax increment-financing district (TIF). Commercial buildings must be subsequently leased to a private entity. Bonds may also be issued by an industrial development corporation and are payable solely from the sales tax proceeds.
Economic Development and Infrast ructure Improvements - Public Improvement Districts (PIDs) are a means for undertaking public improvements that allow a city to levy and collect special assessments for property in the city or its ETJ. Improvements may include water, wastewater, sewer drainage, sidewalks, street, mass transit, parking, library, park and recreation, landscaping, art installation, pedestrian malls and other similar projects. Also included are safety services and business-related services such as advertising, recruitment and development. The city or affected property owners must petition for the creation of a PID. The revenue from the special assessment must be used for the specified improvements or developments in the PID.
Municipal management (downtown) districts are a relatively new way that commercial property owners may enhance a defined business area to finance facilities and improvements above and beyond what is already provided by the city or property owners. The improvements may be paid for by a combination of self-imposed property taxes, special assessments impact fees and other charges against the property owner. Such a district is meant to enhance, not replace city services in the area.
GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Opportunities and challenges facing the community along with the social and economic changes are causing the city to redefine its goals and priorities. The comprehensive plan defines attributes and qualities needed to maintain a high standard of economic vitality and environme ntal quality, which together comprise the quality of life for Sachse residents. The comprehensive plan is a guide for making decisions about future development and growth. The comprehensive plan integrates and coordinates the economic development program and strategy plan with other plan elements.
Economic Development Goal: Advance a cooperative effort by the SEDC, the City of Sachse, Chamber of Commerce and citizens to support retention and expansion of existing businesses and attract new businesses in targeted economic sectors. Objective A: Attract desirable businesses and industries. Action 1: Aggressively market the location advantages of the City of Sachse for business and industry.
City of Sachse, Texas 8-9 Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan Action 2: Develop property inventory of available commercial and industrial sites. Action 3: Coordinate regionally with adjacent cities for inter-city cooperation for mutual benefits. Action 4: Utilize tax abatement and other economic incentives to attract desirable industries. Action 5: Allocate sufficient resources for marketing and business recruitment. Prepare promotional packets of business development for the Sachse area. Action 6: Attract retail, restaurants, motels, manufacturing and warehouse industries. Action 7: Locate a major grocery retail project. Objective B: Retain and expand existing businesses and industries. Action 1: Support growth of existing local businesses. Action 2: Meet with local business representatives regularly to discuss economic development in Sachse. Action 3: Develop and distribute information to local business and the community about SEDC activities. Objective C: Facilitate President George Bush Tollway. Action 1: Continue to support NTTA. Action 2: Work with NTTA on location of Tollway. Action 3: Establish appropriate land use along the Tollway. Action 4: Develop and recommend a plan to finance the infrastructure related to the Tollway. CONCLUSION Given the current growth radiating from Dallas in a northerly direction, Sachse’s population will expand rapidly for the next 10 to 15 years. The challenge facing city leaders is to ensure that development occurs in an orderly and balanced manner that will enhance the quality of life for Sachse residents. From an economic development perspective, Sachse needs to be responsive to commercial and manufacturing uses.
Commercial development of the Tollway corridor, with a mix of low-rise office, retail, entertainment, and restaurant venues, will boost Sachse’s attractiveness in a number of ways. As discussed above, expanding the tax base through commercial development is the best way to generate new revenues for the city while holding down tax rates for homeowners and businesses. These new revenues can be used to improve and expand parks, recreation centers, roadways, police and fire protectio n and other municipal services.
Development along Tollway will also bring new businesses, jobs and income to Sachse. Sachse residents, who today may be commuting long distances to employment centers elsewhere in
8-10 Wilbur Smith Associates Economic Development Sachse Comprehensive Plan the Metroplex, will fill some of these jo bs. New employment in the City of Sachse, in turn, will generate additional local retail expenditures and sales tax collections. What’s more, expanding shopping, entertainment and dining options within the Sachse city limits will bring back some of the dollars that currently leak out of the community while concomitantly enhancing local sales tax receipts.
In summary, development of the Tollway corridor through Sachse will help ensure a sustainable economic future for the City with few, if any, negative environmental impacts. It will also make the City a more dynamic suburban locale by providing new employment, shopping and entertainment opportunities for area residents. Apart from the outcome of pending land use issues, a balanced land use within the City of Sachse under any reasonable scenario must maximize all the available property along the proposed Highway 190 Corridor.
City of Sachse, Texas 8-11 IImmpplleemmeennttaattiioonn Sachse Comprehensive Plan The purpose of the Implementation element is to provide direction and recommendations for implementation of the Comprehensive Plan and for continued planning. The report also identifies future capital improvements recommended in the Comprehensive Plan and addresses various funding sources and financing methods.
Planning is a continuous process. Completion of the Comprehensive Plan is by no means an end in itself. A comprehensive plan must be constantly scrutinized to ensure that its goals, objectives and recommended actions continue to reflect changing community needs and attitudes. Above all, it must be used.
The Comprehensive Plan is the City's guide for government officials and citizens in making decisions about land use and development. The Comprehensive Plan is comprehensive in the manner that it identifies the myriad of factors related to future community growth; analyzes the relationships between these factors; proposes what needs to be done about them; and recommends goals and objectives for using the City's resources in the most efficient and effective ways.
An aggressive, yet realistic, program for implementing the Comprehensive Plan should be established by the Mayor, City Council, and the Planning and Zoning Commission, maintained by the staff, and then used by the entire community. Implementation tools include the Zoning Ordinance, Subdivision Regulations and the Capital Improvement Program and Capital Budget. These tools should be reviewed and updated periodically so that the goals, objectives and policies of the Comprehensive Plan are put into action.
Plan implementation includes the use of the Future Land Use Plan as a general guide for decision-making in zoning cases and subdivision plat review approvals. This practice is to ensure that development and redevelopment are consistent with the policies of the City's Comprehensive Plan. Review and revision of the City Code for updating, strengthening and streamlining the Zoning Ordinance and Subdivis ion Regulations will be a plan implementation activity. Dedication of needed ExistingExisting ContinuingContinuing ConditionsConditions PlanningPlanningPlanning VisioningVisioning rights-of-way for street and highway improvements in accord
StrategiesStrategies && CITIZEN with the City's Thoroughfare Master Plan will be another ActionsActionsActions INVOLVEMENT GoalsGoals &&& implementation activity. Studies for drainage basins are critical ObjectivesObjectives PlansPlans && PoliciesPolicies to the protection of existing and future development. Water and NeedsNeeds AlternativeAlternative AnalysisAnalysis ScenariosScenarios
City of Sachse, Texas 9-1 Impleme ntation Sachse Comprehensive Plan sewer needs and improvements must be addressed on a yearly basis. Parks development and community facilities improvements will be needed as well.
COMMITMENT TO IMPLEMENTATION It is important to note that successful implementation of this plan relies on many non- traditional resources. The many hours committed by citizens to shaping the Comprehensive Plan attest to their desire for attaining their vision for Sachse. The city's leaders sought to involve the entire community in the planning effort. The effort and time contributed by citizens, committed to betterment of their community, require that actions be taken to carry out the recommended policies and proposals.
PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS Perhaps the most important method of implementing the Sachse Comprehensive Plan comes from the day-to-day commitment by elected and appointed officials, city staff members and citizens. The Comprehensive Plan must be understood as a useful and capable tool to direct the City's future. The Future Land Use Plan and Thoroughfare Master Plan should be displayed and available for ready reference by officials, staff and citizens. The Comprehensive Plan should continually be referenced in planning studies and zoning case reports as well as informal discussion situations. High visibility will make the plan successful, dynamic and a powerful tool for guiding Sachse’s future growth.
A series of proposed implementation actions were developed after reviewing the goals and objectives described in the plan elements. These are specific steps that should be taken to better implement the plan. These actions were synthesized by analysis of the goals and objectives. Some proposals may call for the formation of a new committee, or identify the need for a specific study. In addition to such "new" initiatives, the continuation of ongoing City policies and programs is recommended in many instances.
The following proposed objectives and actions designed to aid in implementing the plan are described in each of the guides. While the proposed implementation actions are not legally binding like the zoning code and subdivision regulations, the proposals are tremendously important to the plan's successful implementation, and are a vital supplement to its goals, objectives and policies.
Land Use Objectives and Actions Objective A: Encourage the continued development of compatible land uses by avoiding incompatible uses in close proximity to each other. Action 1: Use the Future Land Use Plan in making development decisions to ensure compatibility between uses.
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Action 2: Review and update the zoning map and development-related ordinances to ensure incompatible uses are not in close proximity to each other. Action 3: Discourage redevelopment of current low-density residential properties to higher density uses by adhering strictly to the zoning ordinance. Objective B: Ensure adequate areas for local commercial development. Action 1: Encourage and retain existing commercial uses, especially along major thoroughfares. Action 2: Ensure infrastructure serving commercial land uses is provided. Objective C: Provide adequate locations for new and larger regional commercial development along major thoroughfares and buffered from residential uses. Action 1: Locate commercial uses along the Highway 78 and the proposed extension of the President George Bush Turnpike. Action 2: Create a new “old town Sachse” in the vicinity of the original town site through zoning and business incentives. Objective D: Designate as well as maintain appropriate industrial areas. Action 1: Minimize impacts on residential areas through transitional buffering and visual screening. Action 2: Provide adequate infrastructure in identified industrial areas. Action 3: Encourage redevelopment and improvements in the existing industrial park. Objective E: Increase accessibility of parks and open space areas to all members of the community. Action 1: Ensure that there is adequate acreage of parks needed for the community to meet National Parks and Recreation Association standards for future population. Action 2: Identify suitable land for future parks. Action 3: Use areas along creeks, floodways and Muddy Creek Reserve for walking and riding trails. Action 4: Link existing and future parks through sidewalks and trails. Action 5: Continue partnerships with School Districts to develop parks adjacent to school sites. Action 6: Provide areas for community facilities, which are accessible and appropriately located. Objective F: Continue to put emphasis on procedural administration and enforcement of development codes and ordinances.
City of Sachse, Texas 9-3 Impleme ntation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Transportation Objectives and Actions Objective A: Ensure the road system in the City provides appropriate access for residents while discouraging commercial traffic in neighborhoods. Action 1: Use the Thoroughfare Plan to determine where arterial and collector streets are needed in new residential and commercial developments. Action 2: Use city funds on streets to benefit the community as a whole. Action 3: Improve traffic signal timings to enhance progressive movement along Hwy 78 and other major thoroughfares. Objective B: Alternative transportation modes should be available to the residents of the City. Action 1: Provide designated on and off street bike routes. Action 2: Provide trails, sidewalks and crosswalks on all arterial and collector streets. Objective C: Larger vehicles should utilize major transportation routes around the City to minimize negative impact on residential neighborhoods. Action 1: Downgrade the functional classifications of roads traversing Sachse to discourage their use by larger vehicles. Action 2: Adopt designated enforceable truck routes. Action 3: Establish Hazardous Material Routing. Action 4: Provide better enforcement of traffic regulations, especially for trucks. Action 5: Provide signage for truck traffic movement through and within the Sachse area. Community Facilities Objectives and Actions Objective A: Construct Fire Station 2 in the northwest area of the City. Action 1: Begin search for appropriate location. Consider combining with other uses such as museum, police substation or other city facility. Action 2: Consider funding mechanism. Objective B: Construct a new City Hall at the Municipal Complex. Action 1: Conduct study of office and public space needs. Action 2: Develop appropriate funding mechanism. Objective C: Construct a fire/public safety facility in the southern (business park) area. Action 1: Begin search for appropriate location. Consider combining with other uses such as a park, police substation or other city facility. Action 2: Determine appropriate funding mechanism. Objective D: Consider construction of a community center.
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Action 1: Coordinated with other entities for possible regional center. Action 2: Use Parks and Recreation Master Plan priority for community center as the basis to apply for matching grant funds. Objective E: Add appropriate animal control facilities. Action 1: Determine appropriate location. Neighborhood Objectives and Actions Objective A: Continue to enforce existing codes and ordinances that ensure the safety and appearance of Sachse neighborhoods. Action 1: Monitor and enforce speed limits in neighborhoods and school zones. Action 2: Develop litter elimination programs. Enforce existing ordinances particularly in areas of new construction. Action 3: Continue to enforce high weeds and dwelling safety ordinances. Action 4: Require buffering and low-level lighting on commercial development or redevelopment when adjacent to existing or future residential areas. Objective B: Encourage quality residential development that complies with the codes and ordinances. Action 1: Require that new developments comply with existing requirements. Action 2: Revise requirements to be more consistent with the desires stated in the Comprehensive Plan land use policies. Objective C: Enhance the appearances of neighborhoods. Action 1: Encourage voluntary application of the new landscaping requirement in older neighborhoods where desired and appropriate. Action 2: Create a “Sachse Beautiful” program to encourage improved neighborhood and community appearance. Historic Recognition Objectives and Actions Objective A: Establish mechanisms that recognize Sachse’s historical past. Action 1: Determine sites of historical significance in the City, including sites that once housed points of interest. Action 2: Install historical markers that include a brief history at recognized sites. Action 3: Create a “Historic Trail” of the City including points of interest and organize “Historic Walking Tours” whenever possible. Objective B: Assist in the preservation of historic resources of the City of Sachse. Action 1: Continue coordinated efforts with The Sachse Historical Society in its mission to preserve the history of Sachse.
City of Sachse, Texas 9-5 Impleme ntation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Action 2: Develop and enforce controls for the maintenance and protection of existing historical resources. Action 3: Establish incentives for the restoration of buildings of historical significance. Economic Development Objectives and Actions Objective A: Attract desirable businesses and industries. Action 1: Aggressively market the location advantages of the City of Sachse for business and industry. Action 2: Develop property inventory of available commercial and industrial sites. Action 3: Coordinate regionally with adjacent cities for inter-city cooperation for mutual benefits. Action 4: Utilize tax abatement and other economic incentives to attract desirable industries. Action 5: Allocate sufficient resources for marketing and business recruitment. Prepare promotional packets of business development for the Sachse area. Action 6: Attract retail, restaurants, motels, manufacturing and warehouse industries. Action 7: Locate a major grocery retail project. Objective B: Retain and expand existing businesses and industries. Action 1: Support growth of existing local businesses. Action 2: Meet with local business representatives regularly to discuss economic development in Sachse. Action 3: Develop and distribute information to local business and the community about SEDC activities. Objective C: Facilitate President George Bush Tollway. Action 1: Continue to support NTTA. Action 2: Work with NTTA on location of Tollway. Action 3: Establish appropriate land use along the Tollway. Action 4: Develop and recommend a plan to finance the infrastructure related to the Tollway.
The objectives and actions identified above require prioritization—they need to be put in the order in which the City will address them through funding in the CIP, ordin ance changes and perhaps additional study.
THE CONTINUOUS PLANNING PROCESS Circumstances will continue to change in the future and the Sachse Comprehensive Plan will require modifications and refinements to be kept up-to-date and current. Some of its proposals
9-6 Wilbur Smith Associates Implementation Sachse Comprehensive Plan will be found unworkable and other solutions will continue to emerge. Needed refinements and changes should be carefully noted and thoroughly considered as part of the Annual Plan Updates and 5-Year Major Plan Revisions. As change occurs, however, Sachse’s vision should remain the central theme and provide a unifying element. The plan's importance lies in the commitment of citizens to agree on Sachse’s purposes for the future, and to apply that consensus in continuing efforts that focus on the betterment of their community.
Major Updates of the Comprehensive Plan Major updating of the Comprehensive Plan should occur every five years. These updates will ensure renewal and continued utility of the Comprehensive Plan for use by the City officials and staff. Annual plan amendments from the previous four years should be incorporated into the next major plan update. Plan updates will be a significant undertaking involving City officials, departments and citizens. Consultant services may be utilized if needed. The result of the major plan updates will be a new Comprehensive Plan for the City, including new identification of up-to-date goals, objectives, policies and implementation actions.
Citizen Participation in Continued Planning Sachse’s citizens shared in developing the plan's goals, objectives and proposals by participating in public meetings and planning workshops. The many ideas and comments contributed by citizens during the plan's development were incorporated and shaped the resulting proposals and recommendations. Similarly, the citizens should continue to be involved in implementation and maintenance of the Comprehensive Plan. The Planning and Zoning Commission, advisory committees, public meetings and community workshops, town meetings, public forums, newsletters, media releases and public notices should be utilized to inform and involve citizens in continued planning. Methods and activities for public participation should be carefully chosen and designed to achieve meaningful and effective involvement.
Annual Plan Amendment Process Annual plan amendments will provide opportunity for relatively minor plan updates and revisions such as changes in future land use designations, implementation actions and review of plan consistency with ordin ances and regulations. A plan amendment should be prepared and distributed in the form of an addendum to the adopted Comprehensive Plan. Identification of potential plan amendments should be an ongoing process by the Planning and Zoning Commission and City staff throughout the year. Requests for plan amendments can also be submitted by citizens, property owners, community organizations and other governmental entities. Proposed plan amendments should be reviewed and approved by the Planning and
City of Sachse, Texas 9-7 Impleme ntation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Zoning Co mmission. Plan amendments should be adopted in a manner similar to the plan itself. This process includes public hearings and consideration of action by both the Planning and Zoning Commission and City Council. Plan amendments should be adopted by resolution.
Reports of the Planning and Zoning Commission As a part of their annual Plan of Work, the Planning and Zoning Commission prepares quarterly reports for submittal and discussion with the City Council. Status of implementation for the Comprehensive Plan should be included in these quarterly reports. Significant actions and accomplishments during the past quarter should be recognized, as well as identification and recommendations for needed actions and programs to be developed and implemented in the coming new year. A compilation of the quarterly reports into an annual report of the Comprehensive Plan implementation status by the Planning and Zoning Commission should be coordinated with the City’s annual budget development process so that the recommendations will be available early in the budgeting process.
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM What Are Capital Improvements? Broadly, capital improvements encompass such items as buildings, land, sewers, streets, parks and fire stations. The definition of a capital improvement includes the following four practical characteristics:
µ They last a long time; µ They are relatively expensive; µ They usually do not recur annually; and, µ They result in fixed assets. The distinction between a capital expenditure and an operating expenditure is not always precise. Capital projects tend to be relatively expensive and are often financed by borrowing. They are non-recurring, that is, they do not occur every year and they usually have a life expectancy of several years.
Planning fo r capital improvements and maintenance is sound development and business practice. A rational, carefully planned program of capital improvements is necessary in order to:
µ Attract new business investment that will increase tax revenues and provide jobs; µ Ensure that public investments in new or improved facilities are made in locations which make the most sense for service and maintenance; and, µ Preserve and enhance the quality of life for citizens of Sachse.
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What Is A Capital Improvement Program (CIP)? If a city constructs a new building, it will probably be there for a long time. So will the bonds that paid for it. Because the characteristics of capital improvements tend to be physically and financially visible for a long time in the future, it’s especia lly important to provide a careful plan when the community is thinking about undertaking them. This process of planning is usually called “capital improvement programming.”
In its simplest form, a CIP is merely a schedule listing capital improvements, in order of priority, together with estimates of their costs and the proposed means for financing them. Even a simple CIP involves four principal types of information:
µ Specific capital improvement projects; µ Estimated costs for those projects; µ Proposed sources of funding for each of them; and, µ The year during which each project will be undertaken. It is important to note that the CIP is not merely a list of desired projects – although every city can think of plenty of these – but rather, it is a schedule of desired projects encompassing both realistic costs and financing elements.
Of course, a CIP is not intended to be cast in concrete – costs change, emergencies arise, and even the priorities of a community can change over time – all of which can modify the contents of a CIP. Adoption of the five-year CIP does not, by itself, totally commit a city to any particular set of projects. Every year the entire CIP is reconsidered and three types of actions are taken:
µ The first year is eliminated (because it has been implemented); µ Another “fifth” or final year is added; and, µ Projects in “in-between” years are re-examined and updated including changing priorities. The five-year length of the CIP is fairly arbitrary, although that is the length used by most cities. Generally, it has been found that two or three years are too short a time because individual projects sometimes take that long to plan, design and construct. On the other hand, trying to estimate much beyond five years tends to become so laden with guesswork that it’s not very useful. A CIP covering five years is a fairly reasonable length of time. A community may elect, of course, to develop a CIP for a period of greater than five years.
How does the City plan for capital investments as part of its comprehensive planning process? First, it must plan for the maintenance and replacement of its existing capital facilities. Then, it must plan the major investments needed to replace and build new community facilities.
City of Sachse, Texas 9-9 Impleme ntation Sachse Comprehensive Plan
Sufficient public funds must be budgeted for the upkeep and preventive maintenance and repair of existing public buildings, streets, drainage, parks and other facilities. Future maintenance and repair requirements must also be taken into account when planning and designing new community facilitie s.
The phrase “capital improvement cost” usually includes more than the cost of the land or other actual tangible physical assets. The total cost also includes legal, financial and engineering fees, site investigation and preparation costs and inspection fees and other costs necessary to get the facility into actual operation.
General Procedure for Capital Improvement Programming The Mayor and City Council work with the City Manager to develop CIP goals, a fiscal policy, and an administrative process.
The City Manager instructs Department Directors to submit capital project requests upon pre- designed forms according to a timetable or calendar.
The City Manager appoints a coordinator for the process, who receives the requests from Department Directors and others, sees to it that they receive various types of review and compiles the requests for the City Manager’s consideration.
The City Manager reviews all requests, probably in consultation with the Department Directors.
A Capital Improvements Advisory Committee appointed by the Mayor and City Council reviews the recommended capital project priorities. This committee could easily be the Planning and Zoning Commission. Recommendations and comments of the Committee should be considered by the Manager and City Council in the development of long-range expenditure plans.
On the basis of this review, some requests are deferred indefinitely, some are given high priorities and scheduled early in the CIP and some are scheduled for later. The City Manager submits the recommended CIP to City Council, along with recommendations from the Capital Improvements Advisory Committee. Upon its tentative approval, the City Council schedules a public hearing.
After providing prior public notice, the City Council conducts a public hearing on the CIP. After making such modifications, as it deems necessary, the CIP is adopted by resolution.
The first year projects are implemented.
After a year passes, the process is repeated. Year Two of the first CIP now becomes Year One, Year Five becomes Year Four, and an additional year added as Year Five. Of course, individual
9-10 Wilbur Smith Associates Implementation Sachse Comprehensive Plan projects within any of the years may be modified, added, or deleted. Approval of a project scheduled for Year Two, for example, doesn’t mean that the project will receive automatic approval the next year.
Capital Funding Sources and Financing Methods Financial planning to meet capital requirements includes consideration of a number of important objectives:
µ Changes in the ad valorem property tax rate; µ Changes in sales tax revenue received by the City; µ Maintaining a balance between debt redemption, capital outlays and current expenditures; µ Maximizing use of available Federal and State aid; µ Trends in future revenues and expenditures; and, µ Funds available to finance new capital projects. The various potential funding sources and methods of financing for capital improvements are as follows:
µ General funds; µ Federal and State financial assistance grants and loans; µ Pay-as -you go from current revenues; µ Issuance of long term debt instruments such as Certificates of Obligation, Revenue Bonds and General Obligation Bonds; µ Property tax; µ Sales Tax; µ Hotel/Motel Occupancy Tax; µ Special assessments; µ User Charges; µ Impact Fees; and, µ Innovative Financing methods such as Tax Increment Financing, Lease-Purchase Financing. Role of the CIP in Implementation The Capital Improvement Program (CIP) is a mechanism for analyzing the City’s major capital facility needs in the near future. By undertaking a financial analysis as part of the CIP, the City is able to predict, with reasonable accuracy, its capacity to finance capital improvements after it has paid its basic operating expenses. Once this capacity has been identified, a fiscal program is developed. The financial analysis also estimates the impact that capital expenditures will have on the operating budget.
The Sachse Comprehensive Plan is concerned with physical facilities and services as well as population growth and land use. The Plan provides guidelines for capital project selection and
City of Sachse, Texas 9-11 Impleme ntation Sachse Comprehensive Plan assignment of priorities. The Capital Improvements Program, along with the Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances and official maps, is a device for implementing the long-range Comprehensive Plan.
Capital improvements include facilities such as utility systems, public buildings, land acquisition, parks, streets and sidewalks, drainage, libraries and major equipment. These are items that may have a significant impact on the community and are often too expensive to be financed in the annual operating budget.
Preparation of a Capital Improvements Program involves difficult decisions. Often there are more worthwhile projects to consider than there are dollars to fund them.
CONCLUSION Sachse has already embarked on the procedural steps of a full Capital Improvement Program in the yearly budget process. Inclusion of review and recommendations by a review committee of the Planning and Zoning Commission will be beneficial to the overall process and ensure the citizen participation necessary for a successful CIP.
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