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Mineral Industry of Ala8u in 1940

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Mineral Industry of Ala8u in 1940 STATES DEPAR!MENT OF THE DlTEMOR Harold L lckes, Seerem - Bulletin 933-A MINERAL INDUSTRY OF ALA8U IN 1940 BY PHILIP S. SMITH UNITED STATES GUVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 194% CONTENTS pago Zntroductlon-.--..,.-----.----.-.....,,------.,,,----------------- 1 Acknowledgments,,,...,,,,.,,---...----.--.--------..------------- 4 Mineral produotion -,--------------*------------------------------- 5 General features of the year,-, -,.- ,. - - ,, - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Total mineral production, -,--------- - -- -..---,-- -.----- --. ----- 8 ~~d---------------+*---------*---*11 ~eclrlfesture~---,---.-----------.------~,.-------------- 11 &ldlodes--.---,,,------------..-..---------------------- 15 Gold placers- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -..- -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27 Generrrl conditiona--.--.---------------~~--,,-~-, 27 Production by dktrjcfs --.---,,-+-.,,--,-,,.,,-----,,.-, '30 Southeaatem Alarrka----,--,,-----,,,,,,-,,,_,---,. 32 Copper River region,, - - - - - .- - - ,, , , -, ,, , , , , - .- -,,. , 33 Cook Inlebsusitna region ---,,-----.-,--- - -- --- -II I 34 Yukon region-------------,----------------,---, 36 Kuskokwimte@on-------------,,,-----,.,,----~~~~ 61 BewdPeninsula -------,-_,-----------------,--65 Northwestern Alaska---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - ,- - 63 Dredping-------------------------,,,-----,,,-,-,-.,,, 84 Hilver-,------_------------------------------------,,.-------. 69 RntinummetaU-----------------------+-------------,,----- 74 Copper---------,-,----------------,--+--,----,-,,,---,,,,---- 76 Lead--,-------------------------- 78 Tin,.,--------,------------------,, 79 Cod-----,,-------------------------------------* 82 Pctml~um-,--,,------------------------------+-------+-----,, 85 Miscellmeoue mined pdacta -------------------,+,- 88 Mex,--_----,,,---,----_,_--------------------------,-------,--- 05 GerecW lid of GmlogfcalSurvey publiaatians on hka-Onbank of msp in pocket ILLUSTRATIONS paw PLAm 1. Map of AIasks, shewing areas covered by selected awdable reports md maps of Alaska ,,------------------------In pmkat FIB- I. Trenda of minerd production of W, 18913-1940 ,,,-------9 2. Twnd of value of gold produotion of Alaaks, 1880-1MO------- 13 3. Coppsr pmd~~oedfrom Alaska rninaa, 1-1890, and fluotua- tiona in the price of copper during that period-_----------- 77 MINERAL INDUSTRY OF ALASKA IN 1940 INTRODUCTION The prmntation of a yearly record of the Alsska mined indns- try is a continuing service that hns been rendered by the Geological Survey from almost the earliest years of extensive mining in Alaska, grid the present report, for 1940, is the thirty-seventh of this series? Such a record, especially when supplemented by the statistics for the preceding years, not only rtffords an authoritative summary of cur. rent and past conditions but also indicates trenda that are of signib cance in suggesting the lines along which future developments of the indusky are likely to proceed. These reports therefore serve miners, prospectors, and businessmen concerned with Alaska affaiw as useful historical mds, statements of contemporary conditionrr, and start- ing points an which some conjectures concerning future aperations mny be predicated. To obtain the information recorded in the96 reportis the Geologi- cal Survey, in addition Lo its other investiffations of mineral m- mums, conducts an annual canvass of the entire mineral industry of Alaska. The eolledian of the fach requisite for the preparation of them nnnud statements involvw difficdties, because the grent size of the Territory, the diversity of its mineral products, and the large num- L- ber but mall size of many of the enterprises make it impracticable without undue delay and expense to gather all the desired informa- tion at first hand. The infomation uwd is therefore derived fmm many sources, which necessarily vary in reliability and completeness. Efforts are made, however, to reduce all the statements to a comparable The canmmm of prdncers, the tabulatloa of their r~pllcn,and wedwhtma In all phaw of the oiBm work connected wlth the prep~~ratlouOf the statistlcm set forth 1m thls report bave been carried through effecti~etyby Katbleea 8. Wnldron and btba bL Scott, of the dlaakan branch of the Ge~lo~lcalSurvey. *The other volumes of thirr aeries, commencing wlth that far 1004, are Bulletlnm 269, 284, 314, 345. 570, 442, 4BO, b20, 642, 602, 622, 842, 682, 6P2, 112. 722, 789, 766, 773, 783, 792, 810, 813, 824, 888, 844-A. MT-A, 8844, W&A, BRbA, 897-4 DlO-A, 917-& and 92M. The reporta lot la02 and 1008 ware included wlth other "contributlona to economic geology" In Bulletinn 213 and 226. baeis and to give only those that appear to be well substantiad Among the most reliable sources of information are the geologists and engineerawhoare mntouteech year by the G-eologid Smyto conduct surveys in different parts of Alaska and who acquire not only much accurate infomation regarding the mineral production of the regions in which they work but aIso general information by contact with miners and operatom in tbe course of their travels to and from the field. Membrs of other Govement organizations-for instance, the Bureau of Minw, the Bureau of the Mint, The Alaska Railroad, the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, and the Cubs Senrice-in the course of their regular duties collwt many data which are extremely vduabh in these studies and the use of which avoids unnMtbry dupli- cation'in collecting rmrds. Most of the banks, expreas companies, and other .business organizatiom in Alaska collect for their own use data regarding minerd commodities of their particular districts. Some of these data are extremely pertinent to the inquiry mn- ducted by the amlogical Survey, and through the cordial eoopemtion of many of these companies important facts have been made available the Survey, though some of this information is confidential and is not released for publicntian. Most of the larger Alaska newspapers and certain papers published in the States that feature Alaska mattam are courteously sent by their publishers to the Geological Survey, and from these and the technical and scientific periodicals are gleaned many items regding new developments. In addition ~LIall these geneml sources, the Geological Survey each year sends out hundreda of schedulm-om to every person or com- pany known to be engaged in mining in Alaska--on which are qnes- tions reeding the mining deaelopmenh and production of each individual property during the year. Thw schedulas, when filled out by the opemturs, constitute a most authoritative record. Unfortu- nately, however, not all of them are returned by the operators, and even ~omeof the operators who return them ham not all the specific- data desired, misunderstand the inquiries, or reply in such a manner that the answers m&ynot be mmxtly interprated when the schedules a& edited. It is gratifying evidence of the general appreciation of these annual rmmmaries that so myof the operators cooperate fully and mrdially with the Geological Sumq by furnishing the informa tion called for on the schednlm as we14 as volunteering much other pertinent information. ~t is apparent, however, that bets mnected fmm me mm, d- though of themselves strictly mmh, are likely t~ be computed or stated on a didmnt basis from equally reliable reports received from another mume, m that cunsiderable editing and revision mast be done to bring dl to one standard. It is not pibletn know exactly all the corrections that should be applied in order to ducethe reports of production to a strictly uniform standard. Though some un- clel~aintiesnemmarily remain, it is believed that they do not have a significant effect on the results expressed and that the report is con- sistent within itself and with the other reports of thi8 seriss which record the statistics of mineral production. The restriction of the statistics in this report td those relating to production should be stressed, m that the reader will realize that while the shtistim am comparable among themselves, they necessarily differ from those published by mme of the other Government bu- reaus, hose these are primarily records af prodrlction, whems those issued by the Bureau of the Mint, for inatanm, relate to receipts at the offices of that Bureau, those issued by the Customs Service relate to shipments recorded alt its stations, and those issued by other orpnhmtions may be computed on still other bases. The term ''pro- duction," however, ie, rather indefinite huseit may refer to the raw ore as it is broken from the ledge, to the metal content of the plmt gravel before it has been duiced, or Ito any of the later stages that intervene before the final pduct is disposed of in usable form. Thus, the miner ~roducedso much om, the millman so much concentrates, the smelter so much metal of varying depw of purity, the refiner so much pure metal. Between each of these atages them are inevitabIe losses of the valuable metaJs contained in the material treated, BO thst at no two stages is the amount "produced" the same. The cost would far exceed the value of the resulk for the Geological Survey to attempt ta collwt mads as to the quantities of the different mineral mmrnaditiw produced at each of these several stagw. Consequently, it has been necessary to adopt the stae that seemed to represent one of the wmondeterminable and significant steps. For most rnaterifils this has been considered to be. the stage when the true content of val- uable minerals can be eloseIy determined
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