Oracle Essbase SQL Interface Guide

ORACLE® ESSBASE RELEASE 11.1.1

SQL INTERFACE GUIDE Essbase SQL Interface Guide, 11.1.1 Copyright © 1998, 2008, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Authors: EPM Information Development Team This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing. If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS: Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract, and, to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software License (December 2007). Oracle USA, Inc., 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065. This software is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications which may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy and other measures to ensure the safe use of this software. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software in dangerous applications. This software and documentation may provide access to or information on content, products and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third party content, products and services. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third party content, products or services. Contents

Chapter 1. About SQL Interface ...... 5 Understanding the SQL Interface Process ...... 5 Preparing to Use SQL or Relational Data Sources ...... 6

Chapter 2. Configuring Data Sources ...... 7 About Configuring Data Sources ...... 7 Configuring Data Sources on Windows ...... 7 Configuring Data Sources on UNIX ...... 8 Updates of odbc.ini Files ...... 8 Example: Updating odbc.ini for DB2 ...... 8

Chapter 3. Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources ...... 9 Methods for Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources ...... 9 Access Privilege Requirements ...... 9 Preferred Method—Creating One Table or View ...... 9 Joining Tables During Data Loads ...... 9

Chapter 4. Loading SQL Data ...... 11 About Loading Data and Building Dimensions ...... 11 Using Substitution Variables ...... 11 Rules for Substitution Variables ...... 12 Creating and Using Substitution Variables ...... 12 Creating Rules Files and Selecting SQL Data Sources ...... 12 Selecting SQL Data Sources ...... 13 Creating SQL Queries (Optional) ...... 13 Performing Multiple SQL Data Loads in Parallel to Aggregate Storage Databases .... 14

Chapter 5. Using Non-DataDirect Drivers ...... 17 About Non-DataDirect Drivers ...... 17 Creating Configuration Files for Non-DataDirect Drivers ...... 17 Keywords and Values Used Within Configuration Files ...... 17 Finding Driver Names on Windows ...... 19 Finding Driver Names on UNIX ...... 19

Contents iii Configuring Non-DataDirect Drivers ...... 20

Appendix A. Enabling Faster Data Loads from Teradata Data Sources ...... 21 Using Teradata Data Sources ...... 21 Installing Required Teradata Software ...... 21 Setting Up the Environment for Using Export Operator ...... 21 Loading Teradata Data Using Teradata Parallel Transporter ...... 22 Support for Unicode and Multibyte Character Sets ...... 22

Glossary ...... 25

Index ...... 49

iv Contents 1 About SQL Interface

In This Chapter Understanding the SQL Interface Process...... 5 Preparing to Use SQL or Relational Data Sources...... 6

Understanding the SQL Interface Process You can use the SQL Interface feature to build dimensions and to load values from SQL and relational databases. For example, you can execute SQL statements that specify retrieval of only summary data. You do not need SQL Interface for spreadsheet or text-file data sources that can be loaded using Oracle Essbase Administration Services, MaxL, or ESSCMD. See the Oracle Essbase Database Administrator's Guide and the Oracle Essbase Technical Reference. With SQL Interface, you can load data from a Unicode-mode relational database to a Unicode- mode Essbase application. For information on the Oracle Essbase implementation of Unicode, see the Oracle Essbase Database Administrator's Guide. SQL Interface works with Administration Services to retrieve data: 1. Using Administration Services, you write a SELECT statement in SQL. 2. SQL Interface passes the statement to a SQL or relational database server.

Note: As needed, SQL Interface converts SQL statements to requests appropriate to non-SQL databases. 3. Using the rules defined in the data-load rules file, SQL Interface interprets the records received from the database server. (For information on data-load rules files, see Chapter 4, “Loading SQL Data.”) 4. SQL Interface loads the interpreted summary-level data into the database.

Understanding the SQL Interface Process 5 Preparing to Use SQL or Relational Data Sources SQL Interface is installed during Essbase Server installation. See the Oracle Hyperion Enterprise Performance Management System Installation and Configuration Guide for information about initial configuration tasks.

➤ To prepare for using SQL or relational data sources: 1 Configure the ODBC driver, and point it to its data source. See Chapter 2, “Configuring Data Sources.” 2 If data is contained within multiple tables, perform an action:

● Before using SQL Interface, in the SQL database, create one table or view.

● During the data load, join the tables by entering a SELECT statement in Administration Services. See “Methods for Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources” on page 9 for instructions. 3 Verify the data source connection by using Data Prep Editor, in Administration Services Console, to open the SQL source file. See Chapter 4, “Loading SQL Data.” 4 Create a rules file that tells SQL Interface how to interpret the SQL data that is to be used with the Essbase database. See Chapter 4, “Loading SQL Data.” After these steps are complete, you can load data or build dimensions; see Chapter 4, “Loading SQL Data”.

6 About SQL Interface 2 Configuring Data Sources

In This Chapter About Configuring Data Sources...... 7 Configuring Data Sources on Windows ...... 7 Configuring Data Sources on UNIX...... 8

About Configuring Data Sources Before using SQL Interface to access data, you must configure the operating system of each data source and the driver required for each data source. The Essbase installation provides DataDirect ODBC drivers. To configure non-DataDirect ODBC drivers, or to change the default settings for DataDirect ODBC drivers, see Chapter 5, “Using Non-DataDirect Drivers.” For a list of supported ODBC drivers, see Oracle Hyperion Enterprise Performance Management System Installation and Configuration Guide.

Note: The DataDirect ODBC drivers that connect to Oracle 11g databases are configured to enable multi-threaded connections and to disable uppercase conversion.

For detailed, driver-specific information on each DataDirect driver, see the DataDirect Connect for ODBC Reference. The location of this reference (typically within the /HYPERION_HOME/ common/ ... /books/odbc/odbcref/ directory), varies depending upon the platform.

Configuring Data Sources on Windows On Windows, you use ODBC Administrator to configure data sources.

➤ To use ODBC Administrator to configure data sources: 1 Select Start, then Administrative Tools, and then Data Sources (ODBC). 2 Select or add a data source, and enter the required information about the driver. For detailed instructions, see the ODBC provider documentation.

About Configuring Data Sources 7 Configuring Data Sources on UNIX After Essbase is installed, you execute the inst-sql.sh file to enable SQL Interface and, thereby, to create the odbc.ini file in $HYPERION_HOME/common/ODBC/Merant/x.x/odbc.ini.

➤ To use the odbc.ini file to configure data sources: 1 In the UNIX user home directory, if the .odbc.ini link is not set to $ESSBASEPATH/ bin/.odbc.ini, perform an action:

● If the location is incorrect, correct it.

● If the link is missing, create it. 2 Edit the odbc.ini file to add a description of the data source.

Updates of odbc.ini Files If you add data sources or change driver products or data sources, you may need to edit the odbc.ini file to update ODBC connection and configuration information, such as data source name and driver product name. Update instructions and requirements vary by platform.

Example: Updating odbc.ini for DB2 Assuming this scenario:

● Essbase running on AIX

● Connecting to a DB2 8.2 database named “tbc_data”

● Using an ODBC data source (named “db2data”) that invokes the DataDirect 5.2 Wire Protocol driver To edit the odbc.ini file, use the vi command and insert these example statements: [ODBC Data Sources] tbcdata=DB2 Source Data on AIX ... [tbcdata] Driver=/home/hyperion/hyperion/common/odbc/Merant/5.2/lib/ARdb222.so Database=tbcdata IpAddress=isaix7 TcpPort=50000

8 Configuring Data Sources Preparing Multiple-Table Data 3 Sources

In This Chapter Methods for Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources ...... 9 Joining Tables During Data Loads...... 9

Methods for Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources

● Before you use SQL Interface, in the SQL database, create one table or view.

● As you load data, join tables by entering a SELECT statement in Administration Services Console.

Access Privilege Requirements For creating one table or view and for joining tables, you must have SELECT access privileges to the tables in which data is stored. For creating one table or view, you must have CREATE access privileges in the SQL database.

Preferred Method—Creating One Table or View SQL database servers read from one table and maintain one view more efficiently than they process multiple-table SELECT statements. Therefore, creating one table or view before you use SQL Interface greatly reduces the processing time required by SQL servers.

Joining Tables During Data Loads If you cannot obtain CREATE privileges, you must use Administration Services to join tables during the data load.

➤ To join tables during the data load: 1 Obtain SELECT access privileges to the tables in which relevant data is stored. 2 In Administration Services Console, create a SELECT statement that joins the tables. a. Identify the tables and columns that contain the data that you want to load into Essbase. b. Select File, and then Open SQL to display Open SQL Data Sources.

Methods for Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources 9 See the Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help. c. Write a SELECT statement that joins the tables. See “Selecting SQL Data Sources” on page 13 and “Creating SQL Queries (Optional)” on page 13.

Note: Essbase passes the SELECT statement to the database without verifying the syntax.

10 Preparing Multiple-Table Data Sources 4 Loading SQL Data

In This Chapter About Loading Data and Building Dimensions...... 11 Using Substitution Variables...... 11 Creating Rules Files and Selecting SQL Data Sources ...... 12

About Loading Data and Building Dimensions After configuring one or more SQL data sources and preparing multiple-table data, you can use Oracle Essbase Administration Services to load data and build dimensions.

➤ To load data and build dimensions: 1 If you plan to use substitution variables, create them. See “Using Substitution Variables” on page 11. 2 Create rules files and select a data source. See:

● “Creating Rules Files and Selecting SQL Data Sources” on page 12

● “Performing Multiple SQL Data Loads in Parallel to Aggregate Storage Databases” on page 14 3 Load data into the Essbase database. See the Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help.

Using Substitution Variables Using substitution variables in SQL strings and data source names enables you to use one rules file for multiple data sources. One substitution variable can apply to all applications and databases on an Essbase server or to a particular application or database. You can also define substitution variables for data source names (DSNs) and specify in the rules file the substitution variable names.

About Loading Data and Building Dimensions 11 Rules for Substitution Variables

● Use only valid and appropriate SQL values. Essbase does not validate values.

● Be especially careful with quotation marks (single and double). Different databases require different conventions.

● Because the ampersand (&) is the Essbase identifier for substitution variables, do not begin SQL operators in SELECT, FROM, or WHERE clauses with ampersands.

Creating and Using Substitution Variables

➤ To create and use substitution variables: 1 Using the instructions in the Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help, create the substitution variable. 2 As you edit the rule file, open the SQL data source by selecting File, then Open SQL. See the Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help. 3 In the Open SQL Data Sources dialog box, perform an action:

● To specify a substitution variable for the DSN, select Substitution Variables, and select a substitution variable.

● To specify a substitution variable in the query, in Select, From, or Where, enter the substitution variable (with its preceding ampersand), instead of a “field=value” string. 4 Click OK/Retrieve to retrieve the data for the rules file.

Note: You must set the values for the substitution variables before you use the rules file for a data load or dimension build.

Creating Rules Files and Selecting SQL Data Sources 1. Create a data-load rules file; see the Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help. Data-load and dimension-build rules are sets of operations that Essbase performs on data as the data is loaded into Essbase databases or used to build the dimensions of Essbase outlines. The operations are stored in rules files. 2. Select a SQL data source. See “Selecting SQL Data Sources” on page 13. 3. If you plan to create SQL queries in Essbase, see “Creating SQL Queries (Optional)” on page 13.

12 Loading SQL Data Selecting SQL Data Sources

➤ To select SQL data sources: 1 In Administration Services Console, open Data Prep Editor or a rules file. 2 Select File, then Open SQL. 3 In Select Database, enter the names of the Essbase Server, application, and database, and click OK. 4 In Open SQL Data Sources, select the data source or the substitution variable, and enter required information. See “Opening an SQL Database” in Oracle Essbase Administration Services Online Help. 5 Click OK/Retrieve. 6 In SQL Connect, enter the user name and password for the source database, and click OK.

Facts about data source files:

● The data source file must be configured on the server computer.

● On UNIX platforms, the path for the SQL data source file is defined in the .odbc.ini file.

● On Windows, if the path for the SQL source file was not defined in ODBC Administrator, it can be entered in the Database box of the Define SQL dialog box.

● If a path is not defined, Essbase looks for the data source file in the directory from which Essbase Server is running.

Creating SQL Queries (Optional) Instead of creating tables or views to select data for retrieval, you can write SELECT statements as you perform data loads.

Note: Creating SELECT statements in Essbase is usually slower than creating a table or view in the source database.

The SQL Statement box in the Open SQL Data Sources dialog box provides Select, From, and Where text boxes that help you write SQL queries. You can specify multiple data sources, filter the display of records, and specify how records displayed in Data Prep Editor are ordered and grouped.

Creating Rules Files and Selecting SQL Data Sources 13 Performing Multiple SQL Data Loads in Parallel to Aggregate Storage Databases When loading SQL data into aggregate storage databases, you can use up to eight rules files to load data in parallel. Each rules file must use the same authentication information (SQL user name and password). Essbase initializes multiple temporary aggregate storage data load buffers (one for each rules file), where data values are sorted and accumulated. When the data is fully loaded into the data load buffers, Essbase commits the contents of all buffers into the database in one operation, which is faster than committing buffers individually.

Note: This functionality is different than using the import ... data to load_buffer with buffer_id grammar to load data into a buffer, and then using the import ... data from load_buffer with buffer_id grammar to explicitly commit the buffer contents to the database. For more information on aggregate storage data load buffers, see the Oracle Essbase Database Administrator's Guide.

In MaxL, use the import database MaxL statement with the using multiple rules_file grammar. See the Oracle Essbase Technical Reference. In the following example, SQL data is loaded from two rules files (rule1.rul and rule2.rul): import database AsoSamp.Sample data connect as TBC identified by 'password' using multiple rules_file 'rule1' , 'rule2' to load_buffer_block starting with buffer_id 100 on error write to "error.txt";

In specifying the list of rules files, use a comma-separated string of rules file names (excluding the .rul extension). The file name for rules files must not exceed eight bytes and the rules files must reside on Essbase Server. In initializing a data load buffer for each rules file, Essbase uses the starting data load buffer ID you specify for the first rules file in the list (for example, ID 100 for rule1) and increments the ID number by one for each subsequent data load buffer (for example, ID 101 for rule2). By default, SQL Interface disables parallel connections for the DataDirect ODBC drivers that are provided with Essbase. This feature requires parallel SQL connections; therefore, you must create a configuration file (ESSBASEPATH/bin/esssql.cfg) to change the default settings for the ODBC driver you are using. The following example of an esssql.cfg file for the SQL Server Wire Protocol driver provided with Essbase enables parallel SQL connections: [ Description "SQL Server Wire Protocol" DriverName ARMSSS UpperCaseConnection 0 UserId 1 Password 1

14 Loading SQL Data Database 1 SingleConnection 0 IsQEDriver 0 ]

You must restart Essbase Server for the change to take affect.

Creating Rules Files and Selecting SQL Data Sources 15 16 Loading SQL Data 5 Using Non-DataDirect Drivers

In This Chapter About Non-DataDirect Drivers ...... 17 Creating Configuration Files for Non-DataDirect Drivers...... 17 Configuring Non-DataDirect Drivers ...... 20

About Non-DataDirect Drivers You must configure all non-DataDirect drivers (drivers other than the DataDirect drivers distributed with Essbase) for all data sources. Some, but not all, non-DataDirect drivers are tested and supported for Essbase. For detailed information about qualified drivers and data sources, see the Oracle Hyperion Enterprise Performance Management System Installation and Configuration Guide. The information in the section also applies if you want to change the default settings for DataDirect ODBC drivers that are distributed with Essbase.

Creating Configuration Files for Non-DataDirect Drivers You create a configuration file (ESSBASEPATH/bin/esssql.cfg) when you want to connect to a database using non-DataDirect drivers, or when you want to change the default settings for the DataDirect ODBC drivers that are distributed with Essbase.

● “Keywords and Values Used Within Configuration Files” on page 17

● “Finding Driver Names on Windows” on page 19

● “Finding Driver Names on UNIX” on page 19

Keywords and Values Used Within Configuration Files The configuration file must contain the driver file names (DriverName), and an optional description (Description), the value for which must be enclosed in double quotation marks (the default value for Description is " "); it may contain additional keywords, the values for which are 0 or 1, as shown in Table 1.

About Non-DataDirect Drivers 17 Keywords and values must be separated by at least one space, and the set of keywords and values for each driver must be enclosed within brackets ( [ ] ). Different drivers may require additional values. See the driver documentation for specific information. In the following example, the first entry for Oracle changes the default settings for the DataDirect drivers distributed with Essbase. The second entry is for Microsoft SQL Server, a non-DataDirect driver.

Sample esssql.cfg [ Description "Oracle Wire Protocol" DriverName ARORA UpperCaseConnection 0 UserId 1 Password 1 Database 1 SingleConnection 0 IsQEDriver 1 ]

[ Description "Microsoft SQL Server 32-bit" DriverName SQLSRV32 UpperCaseConnection 0 UserId 1 Password 1 Database 1 SingleConnection 0 IsQEDriver 0 ]

Defaults apply to values that are not specified. The defaults applied within configuration files differ from the Essbase default values that apply if no esssql.cfg file exists.

Table 1 Configuration File Keywords and Values for Non-DataDirect Drivers

Keyword Value = 0 Value = 1

UserId User ID not required (default) User ID required

Password Password not required (default) Password required

Database Database name not required (default) Database name required

Server Server name not required (default) Server name required

Application Application name not required (default) Application name required

Dictionary Dictionary name not required (default) Dictionary name required

Files File name not required (default) File name required

18 Using Non-DataDirect Drivers Keyword Value = 0 Value = 1

SingleConnection Driver thread-safe—Multiple active Driver not thread-safe—One active connections permitted connection permitted Note: Not recommended for non-Data The default and the recommendation for all Direct drivers, or for DataDirect drivers DataDirect drivers except for those used to except for those used to connect to connect to Oracle 11g databases. Oracle 11g databases, for which it is the default; may cause instability.

UpperCaseConnection Driver case-sensitive—Connection Driver not case-sensitive—Connection information not converted (default) information converted to uppercase

IsQEDriver Driver a non-DataDirect driver (default) Driver a DataDirect driver Note: You can specify configuration information for DataDirect drivers. For example, you can specify information for a version of a DataDirect driver that Essbase does not support.

Note: The DataDirect ODBC drivers that connect to Oracle 11g databases are configured to enable multi-threaded connections and to disable uppercase conversion. To enable multi-threaded connections for the SQL Server Wire Protocol driver, see “Performing Multiple SQL Data Loads in Parallel to Aggregate Storage Databases” on page 14.

Finding Driver Names on Windows

➤ To find driver names on Windows: 1 Using a method from step 1 in “Configuring Data Sources on Windows” on page 7, start ODBC Administrator: The ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog box opens. Configured data sources are listed in the User Data Sources box. Drivers that are not properly configured but are listed in the User Data Sources box can be ignored. 2 Select the Drivers tab. 3 Obtain the file name of the preferred driver by scrolling to the right. For example, the file name for the Microsoft Access Driver is ODBCJT32.DLL.

Finding Driver Names on UNIX

➤ To find driver names on UNIX, view the .odbc.ini file. See “Configuring Data Sources on UNIX” on page 8.

Creating Configuration Files for Non-DataDirect Drivers 19 Configuring Non-DataDirect Drivers Essbase recognizes the basic configuration information for DataDirect drivers, such as the name of the driver and whether the name and password are case-sensitive. You must provide configuration information for non-DataDirect drivers, or if you want to change the default settings for the DataDirect drivers that are distributed with Essbase.

➤ To provide configuration information: 1 Create a configuration file (a text file) named esssql.cfg. 2 Place the file in the $ESSBASEPATH/bin directory on Essbase Server. If Essbase is installed in the default directory, use c:/Hyperion/products/Essbase/ EssbaseServer/bin for Windows and/home/hyperion/products/essbase/ essbaseserver/bin for UNIX.

Note: If you do not create a configuration file, Essbase uses default values that may prevent you from connecting to SQL databases.

20 Using Non-DataDirect Drivers Enabling Faster Data Loads A from Teradata Data Sources

In This Appendix Using Teradata Data Sources...... 21 Installing Required Teradata Software ...... 21 Setting Up the Environment for Using Export Operator...... 21 Loading Teradata Data Using Teradata Parallel Transporter...... 22 Support for Unicode and Multibyte Character Sets...... 22

Using Teradata Data Sources

You can use Teradata Parallel Transporter (TPT) from Teradata Tools and Utilities to significantly improve data load performance. With this method, ODBC is used to extract the database schema; then TPT retrieves the data. This method is tested for Teradata Parallel Transporter Export Operator release 8.2 and Teradata 3.6 ODBC and is supported for the following platforms: 32-bit and 64-bit AIX, 32-bit HP-UX, Red Hat Linux, 32-bit and 64-bit Solaris, 32-bit Windows, and 64-bit Windows AMD.

Installing Required Teradata Software The customer is responsible for having the correct Teradata license and ODBC version installed and configured on the Essbase Server computer. See the Teradata documentation for installation instructions.

● From Teradata Tools and Utilities, install Teradata Parallel Transporter Export Operator, Shared ICU Libraries for Teradata, Teradata GSS Client, and CLI. (For Linux installations, select libraries built by GCC 3.3.)

● Install the Teradata ODBC driver.

Setting Up the Environment for Using Export Operator Follow the instructions in Chapter 2, “Configuring Data Sources,” and then perform these tasks:

● Add an entry to the hosts file for the Teradata database; for example: 172.27.24.181 tera2db tera2cop1

Using Teradata Data Sources 21 ● Configure a system ODBC DSN for $TELAPI$ where is the name of the Teradata data source: for example: DSN = $TELAPI$tera2db

● For UNIX operating systems, ensure needed environment variable paths are defined in the appropriate location (the Windows installation automatically updates needed environment variables):

❍ TD ODBC driver

❍ CLIv2

❍ TD GSS

❍ Shared ICU

❍ TPT export operator files

❍ DataDirect ODBC driver

● In addition, in the appropriate path for the operating system, set the following variables for Teradata Parallel Transporter. (For details, see the “Code Samples” appendix in Teradata Parallel Transporter Application Programming Interface Programmer Guide); for example, for Solaris SPARC:

❍ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH = :$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /usr/tbuild/08.02.00/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

❍ export NLSPATH = /%N:$NLSPATH export NLSPATH = /usr/tbuild/08.02.00/msg/%N:$NLSPATH

❍ (If CLI is not installed in the default directory) export COPERR = export COPERR = /usr/lib

Loading Teradata Data Using Teradata Parallel Transporter Follow the instructions in Chapter 4, “Loading SQL Data.” When you open the SQL data source, select the desired data source name with the prefix $TELAPI$ that you defined as the ODBC DSN. For the SQL statement, define a native Teradata query in the SQL SELECT, FROM, and WHERE statements. Do NOT include carriage returns or line feeds in these statements. Each entry must be in a single statement. See the relevant Teradata documentation for native Teradata SQL query rules.

Support for Unicode and Multibyte Character Sets Teradata supports multibyte character set (MBCS) and Unicode text, which Essbaseretrieves using TPTapi. To use this functionality, perform these tasks:

● Verify that the client character set that Essbase uses in installed or enabled in the Teradata database.

22 Enabling Faster Data Loads from Teradata Data Sources ● Make sure that the character set of the ODBC driver matches the character set that Oracle Essbase passes to TPTapi. To do so, you should create the ODBC connection DSN with the character set name that matches that used by the $ESSLANG variable, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Supported Character Sets

Character Set $ESSLANG Variable Setting

Latin (covers almost all western languages) Various

Japanese KANJISJIS_05

Unicode UTF8

Note: Essbase retrieves data in the supported character set; however, the SQL queries must be in English.

Support for Unicode and Multibyte Character Sets 23 24 Enabling Faster Data Loads from Teradata Data Sources Glossary

! See bang character (!). adaptive states Interactive Reporting Web Client level of permission. #MISSING See missing data (#MISSING). adjustment See journal entry (JE). access permissions A set of operations that a user can perform on a resource. Advanced Relational Access The integration of a relational database with an Essbase multidimensional database so that accessor Input and output data specifications for data all data remains in the relational database and is mapped to mining algorithms. summary-level data residing in the Essbase database. account blocking The process by which accounts accept agent An Essbase server process that starts and stops input data in the consolidated file. Blocked accounts do not applications and databases, manages connections from receive their value through the additive consolidation users, and handles user-access security. The agent is referred process. to as ESSBASE.EXE. account eliminations Accounts which have their values set aggregate cell A cell comprising several cells. For example, to zero in the consolidated file during consolidation. a data cell that uses Children(Year) expands to four cells account type How an account's value flows over time, and containing Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, and Quarter 4 its sign behavior. Account type options can include expense, data. income, asset, liability, and equity. aggregate function A type of function, such as sum or accountability map A visual, hierarchical representation of calculation of an average, that summarizes or performs the responsibility, reporting, and dependency structure of analysis on data. the accountability teams (also known as critical business aggregate limit A limit placed on an aggregated request line areas) in an organization. item or aggregated metatopic item. accounts dimension A dimension type that makes aggregate storage database The database storage model accounting intelligence available. Only one dimension can designed to support large-scale, sparsely distributed data be defined as Accounts. which is categorized into many, potentially large active service A service whose Run Type is set to Start rather dimensions. Upper level members and formulas are than Hold. dynamically calculated, and selected data values are aggregated and stored, typically with improvements in activity-level authorization Defines user access to overall aggregation time. applications and the types of activities they can perform on applications, independent of the data that will be operated aggregate view A collection of aggregate cells based on the on. levels of the members within each dimension. To reduce calculation time, values are pre-aggregated and stored as ad hoc report An online analytical query created on-the-fly aggregate views. Retrievals start from aggregate view totals by an end user. and add up from there. adapter Software that enables a program to integrate with data and metadata from target and source systems.

Glossary 25 aggregation The process of rolling up and storing values in assignment The association of a source and destination in an aggregate storage database; the stored result of the the allocation model that controls the direction of allocated aggregation process. costs or revenue flow within Profitability and Cost Management. aggregation script In aggregate storage databases only, a file that defines a selection of aggregate views to be built into attribute Characteristic of a dimension member. For an aggregation. example, Employee dimension members may have attributes of Name, Age, or Address. Product dimension alias An alternative name. For example, for a more easily members can have several attributes, such as a size and identifiable column descriptor you can display the alias flavor. instead of the member name. attribute association A relationship in a database outline alias table A table that contains alternate names for whereby a member in an attribute dimension describes a members. characteristic of a member of its base dimension. For alternate hierarchy A hierarchy of shared members. An example, if product 100-10 has a grape flavor, the product alternate hierarchy is based upon an existing hierarchy in a 100-10 has the Flavor attribute association of grape. Thus, database outline, but has alternate levels in the dimension. the 100-10 member of the Product dimension is associated An alternate hierarchy allows the same data to be seen from with the Grape member of the Flavor attribute dimension. different points of view. Attribute Calculations dimension A system-defined ancestor A branch member that has members below it. For dimension that performs these calculation operations on example, the members Qtr2 and 2006 are ancestors of the groups of members: Sum, Count, Avg, Min, and Max. This member April. dimension is calculated dynamically and is not visible in the database outline. For example, using the Avg member, you appender A Log4j term for destination. can calculate the average sales value for Red products in New application (1) A software program designed to run a York in January. specific task or group of tasks such as a spreadsheet program attribute dimension A type of dimension that enables or database management system. (2) A related set of analysis based on the attributes or qualities of dimension dimensions and dimension members that are used to meet members. a specific set of analytical and/or reporting requirements. attribute reporting A reporting process based on the application currency The default reporting currency for attributes of the base dimension members. See also base the application. dimension. area A predefined set of members and values that makes up attribute type A text, numeric, Boolean, date, or linked- a partition. attribute type that enables different functions for grouping, arithmetic data load A data load that performs operations selecting, or calculating data. For example, because the on values in the database, such as adding 10 to each value. Ounces attribute dimension has the type numeric, the number of ounces specified as the attribute of each product artifact An individual application or repository item; for can be used to calculate the profit per ounce for that example, scripts, forms, rules files, Interactive Reporting product. documents, and financial reports. Also known as an object. authentication Verification of identity as a security assemblies Installation files for EPM System products or measure. Authentication is typically based on a user name components. and password. Passwords and digital signatures are forms asset account An account type that stores values that of authentication. represent a company's assets. authentication service A core service that manages one authentication system.

26 Glossary auto-reversing journal A journal for entering adjustments batch loader An FDM component that enables the that you want to reverse in the next period. processing of multiple files. automated stage A stage that does not require human batch POV A collection of all dimensions on the user POV intervention, for example, a data load. of every report and book in the batch. While scheduling the batch, you can set the members selected on the batch POV. axis (1) A straight line that passes through a graphic used for measurement and categorization. (2) A report aspect batch processing mode A method of using ESSCMD to used to arrange and relate multidimensional data, such as write a batch or script file that can be used to automate filters, pages, rows, and columns. For example, for a data routine server maintenance and diagnostic tasks. ESSCMD query in Simple Basic, an axis can define columns for values script files can execute multiple commands and can be run for Qtr1, Qtr2, Qtr3, and Qtr4. Row data would be retrieved from the operating system command line or from within with totals in the following hierarchy: Market, Product. operating system batch files. Batch files can be used to call multiple ESSCMD scripts or run multiple instances of backup A duplicate copy of an application instance. ESSCMD. balance account An account type that stores unsigned block The primary storage unit which is a values that relate to a particular point in time. multidimensional array representing the cells of all dense balanced journal A journal in which the total debits equal dimensions. the total credits. block storage database The Essbase database storage model bang character (!) A character that terminates a series of categorizing and storing data based on the sparsity of data report commands and requests information from the values defined in sparse dimensions. Data values are stored database. A report script must be terminated with a bang in blocks, which exist only for sparse dimension members character; several bang characters can be used within a for which there are values. report script. Blocked Account An account that you do not want bar chart A chart that can consist of one to 50 data sets, calculated in the consolidated file because you want to enter with any number of values assigned to each data set. Data it manually. sets are displayed as groups of corresponding bars, stacked book A container that holds a group of similar Financial bars, or individual bars in separate rows. Reporting documents. Books may specify dimension base currency The currency in which daily business sections or dimension changes. transactions are performed. book POV The dimension members for which a book is base dimension A standard dimension that is associated run. with one or more attribute dimensions. For example, bookmark A link to a reporting document or a Web site, assuming products have flavors, the Product dimension is displayed on a personal page of a user. The two types of the base dimension for the Flavors attribute dimension. bookmarks are My Bookmarks and image bookmarks. base entity An entity at the bottom of the organization bounding rectangle The required perimeter that structure that does not own other entities. encapsulates the Interactive Reporting document content batch calculation Any calculation on a database that is when embedding Interactive Reporting document sections done in batch; for example, a calculation script or a full in a personal page, specified in pixels for height and width database calculation. Dynamic calculations are not or row per page. considered to be batch calculations. broadcast message A simple text message sent by an batch file An operating system file that can call multiple administrator to a user who is logged on to a Planning ESSCMD scripts and run multiple sessions of ESSCMD. On application. The message displays information to the user Windows-based systems, batch files have BAT file such as system availability, notification of application extensions. On UNIX, batch files are written as a shell script. refresh, or application backups.

Glossary 27 budget administrator A person responsible for setting up, Catalog pane Displays a list of elements available to the configuring, maintaining, and controlling an application. active section. If Query is the active section, a list of database Has all application privileges and data access permissions. tables is displayed. If Pivot is the active section, a list of results columns is displayed. If Dashboard is the active build method A method used to modify database outlines. section, a list of embeddable sections, graphic tools, and Choice of a build method is based on the format of data in control tools are displayed. data source files. categories Groupings by which data is organized. For business process A set of activities that collectively example, Month. accomplish a business objective. cause and effect map Depicts how the elements that form business rules Logical expressions or formulas that are your corporate strategy relate and how they work together created within an application to produce a desired set of to meet your organization's strategic goals. A Cause and resulting values. Effect map tab is automatically created for each Strategy cache A buffer in memory that holds data temporarily. map. calc script A set of commands that define how a database CDF See custom-defined function (CDF). is consolidated or aggregated. A calculation script may also CDM See custom-defined macro (CDM). contain commands that specify allocation and other calculation rules separate from the consolidation process. cell (1) The data value at the intersection of dimensions in a multidimensional database; the intersection of a row and calculated member in MaxL DML A member designed for a column in a worksheet. (2) A logical group of nodes analytical purposes and defined in the optional WITH belonging to one administrative domain. section of a MaxL DML query. cell note A text annotation for a cell in an Essbase database. calculated member in MaxL DML A member designed for Cell notes are a type of LRO. analytical purposes and defined in the optional WITH section of a MaxL DML query. CHANGED status Consolidation status that indicates data for an entity has changed. calculation The process of aggregating data, or of running a calculation script on a database. chart A graphical representation of spreadsheet data. The visual nature expedites analysis, color-coding, and visual Calculation Manager A module of Performance cues that aid comparisons. Management Architect that Planning and Financial Management users can use to design, validate, and chart template A template that defines the metrics to administrate business rules in a graphical environment. display in Workspace charts.

calculation status A consolidation status that indicates that child A member with a parent above it in the database some values or formula calculations have changed. You outline. must reconsolidate to get the correct values for the affected choice list A list of members that a report designer can entity. specify for each dimension when defining the report's point calendar User-defined time periods and their relationship of view. A user who wants to change the point of view for a to each other. Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 comprise a calendar or dimension that uses a choice list can select only the members fiscal year. specified in that defined member list or those members that meet the criteria defined in the function for the dynamic list. cascade The process of creating multiple reports for a subset of member values. clean block A data block that where the database is fully calculated, if a calculation script calculates all dimensions at once, or if the SET CLEARUPDATESTATUS command is used in a calculation script.

28 Glossary cluster An array of servers or databases that behave as a consolidation file (*.cns) The consolidation file is a single resource which share task loads and provide failover graphical interface that enables you to add, delete or move support; eliminates one server or database as a single point Strategic Finance files in the consolidation process using of failure in a system. either a Chart or Tree view. It also enables you to define and modify the consolidation. clustered bar charts Charts in which categories are viewed side-by-side; useful for side-by-side category analysis; used consolidation rule Identifies the rule that is executed only with vertical bar charts. during the consolidation of the node of the hierarchy. This rule can contain customer specific formulas appropriate for code page A mapping of bit combinations to a set of text the correct consolidation of parent balances. Elimination characters. Different code pages support different sets of processing can be controlled within these rules. characters. Each computer contains a code page setting for the character set requirements of the language of the content Information stored in the repository for any type computer user. In the context of this document, code pages of file. map characters to bit combinations for non-Unicode content browser A Component that allows users to Browse encodings. See also encoding. and select content to be placed in a Workspace Page . column A vertical display of information in a grid or table. context variable A variable that is defined for a particular A column can contain data from one field, derived data from task flow to identify the context of the taskflow instance. a calculation, or textual information. contribution The value added to a parent from a child committed access An Essbase Kernel Isolation Level setting entity. Each child has a contribution to its parent. that affects how Essbase handles transactions. Under committed access, concurrent transactions hold long-term controls group Used in FDM to maintain and organize write locks and yield predictable results. certification and assessment information, especially helpful for meeting Sarbanes-Oxley requirements. computed item A virtual column (as opposed to a column that is physically stored in the database or cube) that can be conversion rate See exchange rate. calculated by the database during a query, or by Interactive cookie A segment of data placed on your computer by a Reporting Studio in the Results section. Computed items Web site. are calculations of data based on functions, data items, and operators provided in the dialog box and can be included in correlated subqueries Subqueries that are evaluated once reports or reused to calculate other data. for every row in the parent query; created by joining a topic item in the subquery with a topic in the parent query. configuration file The security platform relies on XML documents to be configured by the product administrator critical business area (CBA) An individual or a group or software installer. The XML document must be modified organized into a division, region, plant, cost center, profit to indicate meaningful values for properties, specifying center, project team, or process; also called accountability locations and attributes pertaining to the corporate team or business area. authentication scenario. critical success factor (CSF) A capability that must be connection file See Interactive Reporting connection file established and sustained to achieve a strategic objective; (.oce). owned by a strategic objective or a critical process and is a parent to one or more actions. consolidated file (Parent) A file into which all of the business unit files are consolidated; contains the definition of the consolidation. consolidation The process of aggregating data from dependent entities to parent entities. For example, if the dimension Year consists of the members Qtr1, Qtr2, Qtr3, and Qtr4, its consolidation is Year.

Glossary 29 crosstab reporting Categorizes and summarizes data in custom-defined function (CDF) Essbase calculation table format. The table cells contain summaries of the data functions developed in Java and added to the standard that fit within the intersecting categories. For example, a Essbase calculation scripting language using MaxL. See also crosstab report of product sales information could show size custom-defined macro (CDM). attributes, such as Small and Large, as column headings and custom-defined macro (CDM) Essbase macros written color attributes, such as Blue and Yellow, as row headings. with Essbase calculator functions and special macro The cell in the table where Large and Blue intersect could functions. Custom-defined macros use an internal Essbase contain the total sales of all Blue products that are sized macro language that enables the combination of calculation Large. functions and they operate on multiple input parameters. cube A block of data that contains three or more See also custom-defined function (CDF). dimensions. An Essbase database is a cube. cycle through To perform multiple passes through a cube deployment In Essbase Studio, the process of setting database while calculating it. load options for a model to build an outline and load data dashboard A collection of metrics and indicators that into an Essbase application and database. provide an interactive summary of your business. cube schema In Essbase Studio, the metadata elements, Dashboards enable you to build and deploy analytic such as measures and hierarchies, representing the logical applications. model of a cube. data cache A buffer in memory that holds uncompressed currency conversion A process that converts currency data blocks. values in a database from one currency into another. For data cell See cell. example, to convert one U. S. dollar into the European euro, the exchange rate (for example, 0.923702) is multiplied with data file cache A buffer in memory that holds compressed the dollar (1* 0.923702). After conversion, the European data (PAG) files. euro amount is .92. data form A grid display that enables users to enter data Currency Overrides In any input period, the selected input into the database from an interface such as a Web browser, method can be overridden to enable input of that period's and to view and analyze data or related text. Certain value as Default Currency/Items. To override the input dimension member values are fixed, giving users a specific method, enter a pound sign (#) either before or after the view into the data. number. data function That computes aggregate values, including currency partition A dimension type that separates local averages, maximums, counts, and other statistics, that currency members from a base currency, as defined in an summarize groupings of data. application. Identifies currency types, such as Actual, data load location In FDM, a reporting unit responsible for Budget, and Forecast. submitting source data into the target system. Typically, custom calendar Any calendar created by an administrator. there is one FDM data load location for each source file loaded to the target system. custom dimension A dimension created and defined by users. Channel, product, department, project, or region data load rules A set of criteria that determines how to load could be custom dimensions. data from a text-based file, a spreadsheet, or a relational data set into a database. custom property A property of a dimension or dimension member that is created by a user. data lock Prevents changes to data according to specified criteria, such as period or scenario. custom report A complex report from the Design Report module, composed of any combination of components. data mining The process of searching through an Essbase database for hidden relationships and patterns in a large amount of data.

30 Glossary data model A representation of a subset of database tables. destination currency The currency to which balances are converted. You enter exchange rates and convert from the data value See cell. source currency to the destination currency. For example, database connection File that stores definitions and when you convert from EUR to USD, the destination properties used to connect to data sources and enables currency is USD. database references to be portable and widely used. detail chart A chart that provides the detailed information date measure In Essbase, a member tagged as “Date” in the that you see in a Summary chart. Detail charts appear in the dimension where measures are represented. The cell values Investigate Section in columns below the Summary charts. are displayed as formatted dates. Dates as measures can be If the Summary chart shows a Pie chart, then the Detail useful for types of analysis that are difficult to represent charts below represent each piece of the pie. using the Time dimension. For example, an application may dimension A data category used to organize business data need to track acquisition dates for a series of capital assets, for retrieval and preservation of values. Dimensions usually but the acquisition dates span too large a period to allow for contain hierarchies of related members grouped within feasible Time dimension modeling. See also typed them. For example, a Year dimension often includes measure. members for each time period, such as quarters and months. Default Currency Units Define the unit scale of data. For dimension build The process of adding dimensions and example, if you select to define your analysis in Thousands, members to an Essbase outline. and enter “10”, this is interpreted as “10,000”. dimension build rules Specifications, similar to data load dense dimension In block storage databases, a dimension rules, that Essbase uses to modify an outline. The likely to contain data for every combination of dimension modification is based on data in an external data source file. members. For example, time dimensions are often dense because they can contain all combinations of all members. dimension tab In the Pivot section, the tab that enables you Contrast with sparse dimension. to pivot data between rows and columns. dependent entity An entity that is owned by another entity dimension table (1) A table that includes numerous in the organization. attributes about a specific business process. (2) In Essbase Integration Services, a container in the OLAP model for one derived text measure In Essbase Studio, a text measure or more relational tables that define a potential dimension whose values are governed by a predefined rule expressed in Essbase. as a range. For example, a derived text measure, called "Sales Performance Index," based on a measure Sales, could dimension type A dimension property that enables the use consist of the values "High," "Medium," and "Low." This of predefined functionality. Dimensions tagged as time have derived text measure is defined to display "High," a predefined calendar functionality. "Medium," and "Low" depending on the range in which the dimensionality In MaxL DML, the represented corresponding sales values fall. See also text measure. dimensions (and the order in which they are represented) descendant Any member below a parent in the database in a set. For example, the following set consists of two tuples outline. In a dimension that includes years, quarters, and of the same dimensionality because they both reflect the months, the members Qtr2 and April are descendants of the dimensions (Region, Year): { (West, Feb), (East, Mar) } member Year. direct rate A currency rate that you enter in the exchange Design Report An interface in Web Analysis Studio for rate table. The direct rate is used for currency conversion. designing custom reports, from a library of components. For example, to convert balances from JPY to USD, In the exchange rate table, enter a rate for the period/scenario destination Within a Profitability and Cost Management where the source currency is JPY and the destination assignment, the destination is the receiving point for currency is USD. allocated values.

Glossary 31 dirty block A data block containing cells that have been Dynamic Calc members A member in a block storage changed since the last calculation. Upper level blocks are outline that Essbase calculates only at retrieval time. Essbase marked as dirty if their child blocks are dirty (that is, they discards calculated values after completing the retrieval have been updated). request.

display type One of three Web Analysis formats saved to dynamic calculation In Essbase, a calculation that occurs the repository: spreadsheet, chart, and pinboard. only when you retrieve data on a member that is tagged as Dynamic Calc or Dynamic Calc and Store. The member's dog-ear The flipped page corner in the upper right corner values are calculated at retrieval time instead of being of the chart header area. precalculated during batch calculation. domain In data mining, a variable representing a range of dynamic hierarchy In aggregate storage database outlines navigation within data. only, a hierarchy in which members are calculated at drill-down Navigation through the query result set using retrieval time. the dimensional hierarchy. Drilling down moves the user dynamic member list A system-created named member set perspective from aggregated data to detail. For example, that is based on user-defined criteria. The list is refreshed drilling down can reveal hierarchical relationships between automatically whenever it is referenced in the application. years and quarters or quarters and months. As dimension members are added and deleted, the list drill-through The navigation from a value in one data automatically reapplies the criteria to reflect the changes. source to corresponding data in another source. dynamic reference A pointer in the rules file to header driver A driver is an allocation method that describes the records in a data source. mathematical relationship between the sources that utilize dynamic report A report containing data that is updated the driver, and the destinations to which those sources when you run the report. allocate cost or revenue. Dynamic Time Series A process that performs period-to- duplicate alias name A name that occurs more than once date reporting in block storage databases. in an alias table and that can be associated with more than one member in a database outline. Duplicate alias names dynamic view account An account type indicating that can be used with duplicate member outlines only. account values are calculated dynamically from the data that is displayed. duplicate member name The multiple occurrence of a member name in a database, with each occurrence Eliminated Account An account that does not appear in representing a different member. For example, a database the consolidated file. has two members named “New York.” One member elimination The process of zeroing out (eliminating) represents New York state and the other member represents transactions between entities within an organization. New York city. employee A user responsible for, or associated with, duplicate member outline A database outline containing specific business objects. Employees need not work for an duplicate member names. organization; for example, they can be consultants. Dynamic Calc and Store members A member in a block Employees must be associated with user accounts for storage outline that Essbase calculates only upon the first authorization purposes. retrieval of the value. Essbase then stores the calculated value encoding A method for mapping bit combinations to in the database. Subsequent retrievals do not require characters for creating, storing, and displaying text. Each calculating. encoding has a name; for example, UTF-8. Within an encoding, each character maps to a specific bit combination; for example, in UTF-8, uppercase A maps to HEX41. See also code page and locale.

32 Glossary ending period A period enabling you to adjust the date exchange rate type An identifier for an exchange rate. range in a chart. For example, an ending period of “month”, Different rate types are used because there may be multiple produces a chart showing information through the end of rates for a period and year. Users traditionally define rates the current month. at period end for the average rate of the period and for the end of the period. Additional rate types are historical rates, Enterprise View An Administration Services feature that budget rates, forecast rates, and so on. A rate type applies to enables management of the Essbase environment from a one point in time. graphical tree view. From Enterprise View, you can operate directly on Essbase artifacts. expense account An account that stores periodic and year- to-date values that decrease net worth if they are positive. entity A dimension representing organizational units. Examples: divisions, subsidiaries, plants, regions, products, Extensible Markup Language (XML) A language or other financial reporting units. comprising a set of tags used to assign attributes to data that can be interpreted between applications according to a Equity Beta The riskiness of a stock, measured by the schema. variance between its return and the market return, indicated by an index called “beta”. For example, if a stock's return external authentication Logging on to Oracle's Hyperion normally moves up or down 1.2% when the market moves applications with user information stored outside the up or down 1%, the stock has a beta of 1.2. applications, typically in a corporate directory such as MSAD or NTLM. essbase.cfg An optional configuration file for Essbase. Administrators may edit this file to customize Essbase externally triggered events Non-time-based events for Server functionality. Some configuration settings may also scheduling job runs. be used with Essbase clients to override Essbase Server Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) Data source-specific settings. programs for extracting data and migrating it to EssCell A function entered into a cell in Essbase applications. Spreadsheet Add-in to retrieve a value representing an extraction command An Essbase reporting command that intersection of specific Essbase database members. handles the selection, orientation, grouping, and ordering ESSCMD A command-line interface for performing of raw data extracted from a database; begins with the less Essbase operations interactively or through batch script than (<) character. files. fact table The central table in a star join schema, ESSLANG The Essbase environment variable that defines characterized by a foreign key and elements drawn from a the encoding used to interpret text characters. See also dimension table. This table typically contains numeric data encoding. that can be related to all other tables in the schema.

ESSMSH See MaxL Shell. Favorites gadget Contains links to Reporting and Analysis documents and URLs. exceptions Values that satisfy predefined conditions. You can define formatting indicators or notify subscribing users field An item in a data source file to be loaded into an when exceptions are generated. Essbase database. exchange rate A numeric value for converting one currency file delimiter Characters, such as commas or tabs, that to another. For example, to convert 1 USD into EUR, the separate fields in a data source. exchange rate of 0.8936 is multiplied with the U.S. dollar. filter A constraint on data sets that restricts values to The European euro equivalent of $1 is 0.8936. specific criteria; for example, to exclude certain tables, metadata, or values, or to control access.

flow account An unsigned account that stores periodic and year-to-date values.

Glossary 33 folder A file containing other files for the purpose of global report command A command in a running report structuring a hierarchy. script that is effective until replaced by another global command or the file ends. footer Text or images at the bottom of report pages, containing dynamic functions or static text such as page grid POV A means for specifying dimension members on numbers, dates, logos, titles or file names, and author a grid without placing dimensions in rows, columns, or page names. intersections. A report designer can set POV values at the grid level, preventing user POVs from affecting the grid. If format Visual characteristics of documents or report a dimension has one grid value, you put the dimension into objects. the grid POV instead of the row, column, or page. format string In Essbase, a method for transforming the group A container for assigning similar access permissions way cell values are displayed. to multiple users. formula A combination of operators, functions, GUI Graphical user interface dimension and member names, and numeric constants calculating database members. head up display A mode that shows your loaded Smart Space desktop including the background image above your frame An area on the desktop. There are two main areas: Windows desktop. the navigation and Workspace frames. highlighting Depending on your configuration, chart cells free-form grid An object for presenting, entering, and or ZoomChart details may be highlighted, indicating value integrating data from different sources for dynamic status: red (bad), yellow (warning), or green (good). calculations. Historical Average An average for an account over a free-form reporting Creating reports by entering number of historical periods. dimension members or report script commands in worksheets. holding company An entity that is part of a legal entity group, with direct or indirect investments in all entities in function A routine that returns values or database the group. members. host A server on which applications and services are gadget Simple, specialized, lightweight applications that installed. provide easy viewing of EPM content and enable access to core Reporting and Analysis functionality. host properties Properties pertaining to a host, or if the host has multiple Install_Homes, to an Install_Home. The genealogy data Additional data that is optionally generated host properties are configured from the CMC. after allocation calculations. This data enables reporting on all cost or revenue flows from start to finish through all Hybrid Analysis An analysis mapping low-level data stored allocation steps. in a relational database to summary-level data stored in Essbase, combining the mass scalability of relational systems generation A layer in a hierarchical tree structure that with multidimensional data. defines member relationships in a database. Generations are ordered incrementally from the top member of the hyperlink A link to a file, Web page, or an intranet HTML dimension (generation 1) down to the child members. Use page. the unique generation name to identify a layer in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) A programming hierarchical tree structure. language specifying how Web browsers display data. generic jobs Non-SQR Production Reporting or non- identity A unique identification for a user or group in Interactive Reporting jobs. external authentication.

image bookmarks Graphic links to Web pages or repository items.

34 Glossary IMPACTED status Indicates changes in child entities intelligent calculation A calculation method tracking consolidating into parent entities. updated data blocks since the last calculation. implied share A member with one or more children, but Interactive Reporting connection file (.oce) Files only one is consolidated, so the parent and child share a encapsulating database connection information, including: value. the database API (ODBC, SQL*Net, etc.), database software, the database server network address, and database import format In FDM, defines the structure of the source user name. Administrators create and publish Interactive file which enables the loading of a source data file to an FDM Reporting connection files (.oce). data load location. intercompany elimination See elimination. inactive group A group for which an administrator has deactivated system access. intercompany matching The process of comparing balances for pairs of intercompany accounts within an inactive service A service suspended from operating. application. Intercompany receivables are compared to INACTIVE status Indicates entities deactivated from intercompany payables for matches. Matching accounts are consolidation for the current period. used to eliminate intercompany transactions from an organization's consolidated totals. inactive user A user whose account has been deactivated by an administrator. intercompany matching report A report that compares intercompany account balances and indicates if the income account An account storing periodic and year-to- accounts are in, or out, of balance. date values that, if positive, increase net worth. interdimensional irrelevance A situation in which a index (1) A method where Essbase uses sparse-data dimension does not intersect with other dimensions. combinations to retrieve data in block storage databases. (2) Because the data in the dimension cannot be accessed from The index file. the non-intersecting dimensions, the non-intersecting index cache A buffer containing index pages. dimensions are not relevant to that dimension. index entry A pointer to an intersection of sparse intersection A unit of data representing the intersection of dimensions. Index entries point to data blocks on disk and dimensions in a multidimensional database; also, a use offsets to locate cells. worksheet cell. index file An Essbase file storing block storage data retrieval intrastage assignment Assignments in the financial flow information, residing on disk, and containing index pages. that are assigned to objects within the same stage. index page A subdivision in an index file. Contains pointers introspection A deep inspection of a data source to to data blocks. discover hierarchies based on the inherent relationships in the database. Contrast with scraping. input data Data loaded from a source rather than calculated. Investigation See drill-through.

Install_Home A variable for the directory where EPM isolation level An Essbase Kernel setting that determines System products are installed. Refers to one instance of an the lock and commit behavior of database operations. EPM System product when multiple applications are Choices are: committed access and uncommitted access. installed on the same computer. iteration A “pass” of the budget or planning cycle in which integration Process that is run to move data between EPM the same version of data is revised and promoted. System products using Shared Services. Data integration Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) A client-server definitions specify the data moving between a source communication protocol used by Java based clients and application and a destination application, and enable the relational databases. The JDBC interface provides a call- data movements to be grouped, ordered, and scheduled. level API for SQL-based database access.

Glossary 35 job output Files or reports produced from running a job. liability account An account type that stores “point in time” balances of a company's liabilities. Examples of jobs Documents with special properties that can be liability accounts include accrued expenses, accounts launched to generate output. A job can contain Interactive payable, and long term debt. Reporting, SQR Production Reporting, or generic documents. life cycle management The process of managing application information from inception to retirement. join A link between two relational database tables or topics based on common content in a column or row. A join Lifecycle Management Utility A command-line utility for typically occurs between identical or similar items within migrating applications and artifacts. different tables or topics. For example, a record in the line chart A chart that displays one to 50 data sets, each Customer table is joined to a record in the Orders table represented by a line. A line chart can display each line because the Customer ID value is the same in each table. stacked on the preceding ones, as represented by an absolute journal entry (JE) A set of debit/credit adjustments to value or a percent. account balances for a scenario and period. line item detail The lowest level of detail in an account. JSP Java Server Pages. lineage The relationship between different metadata KeyContacts gadget Contains a group of Smart Space users elements showing how one metadata element is derived and provides access to Smart Space Collaborator. For from one or more other metadata elements, ultimately example, you can have a KeyContacts gadget for your tracing the metadata element to its physical source. In marketing team and another for your development team. Essbase Studio, a lineage viewer displays the relationships graphically. See also traceability. latest A Spreadsheet key word used to extract data values from the member defined as the latest time period. link (1) A reference to a repository object. Links can reference folders, files, shortcuts, and other links. (2) In a layer (1) The horizontal location of members in a task flow, the point where the activity in one stage ends and hierarchical structure, specified by generation (top down) another begins. or level (bottom up). (2) Position of objects relative to other objects. For example, in the Sample Basic database, Qtr1 and link condition A logical expression evaluated by the Qtr4 are in the same layer, so they are also in the same taskflow engine to determine the sequence of launching generation, but in a database with a ragged hierarchy, Qtr1 taskflow stages. and Qtr4 might not be in same layer, though they are in the linked data model Documents that are linked to a master same generation. copy in a repository. layout area Used to designate an area on a Workspace Page linked partition A shared partition that enables you to use where content can be placed. a data cell to link two databases. When a user clicks a linked legend box A box containing labels that identify the data cell in a worksheet, Essbase opens a new sheet displaying the categories of a dimension. dimensions in the linked database. The user can then drill down those dimensions. level A layer in a hierarchical tree structure that defines database member relationships. Levels are ordered from the linked reporting object (LRO) A cell-based link to an bottom dimension member (level 0) up to the parent external file such as cell notes, URLs, or files with text, audio, members. video, or pictures. (Only cell notes are supported for Essbase LROs in Financial Reporting.) Contrast with local report level 0 block A data block for combinations of sparse, level object. 0 members. local currency An input currency type. When an input level 0 member A member that has no children. currency type is not specified, the local currency matches the entity's base currency.

36 Glossary local report object A report object that is not linked to a Map Navigator A feature that displays your current Financial Reporting report object in Explorer. Contrast with position on a Strategy, Accountability, or Cause and Effect linked reporting object (LRO). map, indicated by a red outline. local results A data model's query results. Results can be Marginal Tax Rate Used to calculate the after-tax cost of used in local joins by dragging them into the data model. debt. Represents the tax rate applied to the last earned Local results are displayed in the catalog when requested. income dollar (the rate from the highest tax bracket into which income falls) and includes federal, state and local locale A computer setting that specifies a location's taxes. Based on current level of taxable income and tax language, currency and date formatting, data sort order, and bracket, you can predict marginal tax rate. the character set encoding used on the computer. Essbase uses only the encoding portion. See also encoding and Market Risk Premium The additional rate of return paid ESSLANG. over the risk-free rate to persuade investors to hold “riskier” investments than government securities. Calculated by locale header record A text record at the beginning of some subtracting the risk-free rate from the expected market non-Unicode-encoded text files, such as scripts, that return. These figures should closely model future market identifies the encoding locale. conditions. location alias A descriptor that identifies a data source. The master data model An independent data model that is location alias specifies a server, application, database, user referenced as a source by multiple queries. When used, name, and password. Location aliases are set by DBAs at the “Locked Data Model” is displayed in the Query section's database level using Administration Services Console, Content pane; the data model is linked to the master data ESSCMD, or the API. model displayed in the Data Model section, which an locked A user-invoked process that prevents users and administrator may hide. processes from modifying data. mathematical operator A symbol that defines how data is locked data model Data models that cannot be modified by calculated in formulas and outlines. Can be any of the a user. standard mathematical or Boolean operators; for example, +, -, *, /, and %. LOCKED status A consolidation status indicating that an entity contains data that cannot be modified. MaxL The multidimensional database access language for Essbase, consisting of a data definition language (MaxL Log Analyzer An Administration Services feature that DDL) and a data manipulation language (MaxL DML). See enables filtering, searching, and analysis of Essbase logs. also MaxL DDL, MaxL DML, and MaxL Shell. logic group In FDM, contains one or more logic accounts MaxL DDL Data definition language used by Essbase for that are generated after a source file is loaded into FDM. batch or interactive system-administration tasks. Logic accounts are calculated accounts that are derived from the source data. MaxL DML Data manipulation language used in Essbase for data query and extraction. LRO See linked reporting object (LRO). MaxL Perl Module A Perl module (essbase.pm) that is part managed server An application server process running in of Essbase MaxL DDL. This module can be added to the Perl its own Java Virtual Machine (JVM). package to provide access to Essbase databases from Perl manual stage A stage that requires human intervention to programs. complete. MaxL Script Editor A script-development environment in Map File Used to store the definition for sending data to or Administration Services Console. MaxL Script Editor is an retrieving data from an external database. Map files have alternative to using a text editor and the MaxL Shell for different extensions (.mps to send data; .mpr to retrieve administering Essbase with MaxL scripts. data).

Glossary 37 MaxL Shell An interface for passing MaxL statements to metadata elements Metadata derived from data sources Essbase Server. The MaxL Shell executable file is located in and other metadata that is stored and cataloged for Essbase the Essbase bin directory (UNIX: essmsh, Windows: Studio use. essmsh.exe). metadata sampling The process of retrieving a sample of MDX (multidimensional expression) The language that members in a dimension in a drill-down operation. give instructions to OLE DB for OLAP- compliant metadata security Security set at the member level to databases, as SQL is used for relational databases. When you restrict users from accessing certain outline members. build the OLAPQuery section's Outliner, Interactive Reporting Clients translate requests into MDX instructions. metaoutline In Integration Services, a template containing When you process the query, MDX is sent to the database the structure and rules for creating an Essbase outline from server, which returns records that answer your query. See an OLAP model. also SQL spreadsheet. metric A numeric measurement computed from business measures Numeric values in an OLAP database cube that data to help assess business performance and analyze are available for analysis. Measures are margin, cost of goods company trends. sold, unit sales, budget amount, and so on. See also fact migration The process of copying applications, artifacts, table. or users from one environment or computer to another; for member A discrete component within a dimension. A example, from a testing environment to a production member identifies and differentiates the organization of environment. similar units. For example, a time dimension might include migration audit report A report generated from the such members as Jan, Feb, and Qtr1. migration log that provides tracking information for an member list A named group, system- or user-defined, that application migration. references members, functions, or member lists within a migration definition file (.mdf) A file that contains dimension. migration parameters for an application migration, member load In Integration Services, the process of adding enabling batch script processing. dimensions and members (without data) to Essbase migration log A log file that captures all application outlines. migration actions and messages. member selection report command A type of Report migration snapshot A snapshot of an application Writer command that selects member ranges based on migration that is captured in the migration log. outline relationships, such as sibling, generation, and level. MIME Type (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension) An member-specific report command A type of Report Writer attribute that describes the data format of an item, so that formatting command that is executed as it is encountered the system knows which application should open the object. in a report script. The command affects only its associated A file's mime type is determined by the file extension or member and executes the format command before HTTP header. Plug-ins tell browsers what mime types they processing the member. support and what file extensions correspond to each mime merge A data load option that clears values only from the type. accounts specified in the data load file and replaces them mining attribute In data mining, a class of values used as a with values in the data load file. factor in analysis of a set of data. metadata A set of data that defines and describes the minireport A report component that includes layout, properties and attributes of the data stored in a database or content, hyperlinks, and the query or queries to load the used by an application. Examples of metadata are report. Each report can include one or more minireports. dimension names, member names, properties, time periods, and security.

38 Glossary minischema A graphical representation of a subset of tables NO DATA status A consolidation status indicating that from a data source that represents a data modeling context. this entity contains no data for the specified period and account. missing data (#MISSING) A marker indicating that data in the labeled location does not exist, contains no value, or was non-dimensional model A Shared Services model type that never entered or loaded. For example, missing data exists includes application objects such as security files, member when an account contains data for a previous or future lists, calculation scripts, and Web forms. period but not for the current period. non-unique member name See duplicate member name. model (1) In data mining, a collection of an algorithm's note Additional information associated with a box, findings about examined data. A model can be applied measure, scorecard or map element. against a wider data set to generate useful information about that data. (2) A file or content string containing an Notifications gadget Shows notification message history application-specific representation of data. Models are the received from other users or systems. basic data managed by Shared Services, of two major types: null value A value that is absent of data. Null values are not dimensional and non-dimensional application objects. (3) equal to zero. In Business Modeling, a network of boxes connected to represent and calculate the operational and financial flow numeric attribute range A feature used to associate a base through the area being examined. dimension member that has a discrete numeric value with an attribute that represents a value range. For example, to monetary A money-related value. classify customers by age, an Age Group attribute dimension multidimensional database A method of organizing, can contain members for the following age ranges: 0-20, storing, and referencing data through three or more 21-40, 41-60, and 61-80. Each Customer dimension dimensions. An individual value is the intersection point for member can be associated with an Age Group range. Data a set of dimensions. Contrast with relational database. can be retrieved based on the age ranges rather than on individual age values. multiload An FDM feature that allows the simultaneous loading of multiple periods, categories, and locations. ODBC Open Database Connectivity. A database access method used from any application regardless of how the My Workspace Page A page created with content from database management system (DBMS) processes the multiple sources including documents, URL, and other information. content types. Enables a user to aggregate content from Oracle and non-Oracle sources. OK status A consolidation status indicating that an entity has already been consolidated, and that data has not named set In MaxL DML, a set with its logic defined in the changed below it in the organization structure. optional WITH section of a MaxL DML query. The named set can be referenced multiple times in the query. OLAP Metadata Catalog In Integration Services, a relational database containing metadata describing the native authentication The process of authenticating a user nature, source, location, and type of data that is pulled from name and password from within the server or application. the relational data source. nested column headings A report column heading format OLAP model In Integration Services, a logical model (star that displays data from multiple dimensions. For example, schema) that is created from tables and columns in a a column heading that contains Year and Scenario members relational database. The OLAP model is then used to is a nested column. The nested column heading shows Q1 generate the structure of a multidimensional database. (from the Year dimension) in the top line of the heading, qualified by Actual and Budget (from the Scenario dimension) in the bottom line of the heading.

Glossary 39 online analytical processing (OLAP) A multidimensional, parallel export The ability to export Essbase data to multiuser, client-server computing environment for users multiple files. This may be faster than exporting to a single who analyze consolidated enterprise data in real time. OLAP file, and it may resolve problems caused by a single data file systems feature drill-down, data pivoting, complex becoming too large for the operating system to handle. calculations, trend analysis, and modeling. parent adjustments The journal entries that are posted to Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) Standardized a child in relation to its parent. application programming interface (API) technology that parents The entities that contain one or more dependent allows applications to access multiple third-party databases. entities that report directly to them. Because parents are organization An entity hierarchy that defines each entity both entities and associated with at least one node, they have and their relationship to others in the hierarchy. entity, node, and parent information associated with them.

origin The intersection of two axes. partition area A sub cube within a database. A partition is composed of one or more areas of cells from a portion of outline The database structure of a multidimensional the database. For replicated and transparent partitions, the database, including all dimensions, members, tags, types, number of cells within an area must be the same for the data consolidations, and mathematical relationships. Data is source and target to ensure that the two partitions have the stored in the database according to the structure defined in same shape. If the data source area contains 18 cells, the data the outline. target area must also contain 18 cells to accommodate the outline synchronization For partitioned databases, the number of values. process of propagating outline changes from one database partitioning The process of defining areas of data that are to another database. shared or linked between data models. Partitioning can P&L accounts (P&L) Profit and loss accounts. Refers to a affect the performance and scalability of Essbase typical grouping of expense and income accounts that applications. comprise a company's income statement. pattern matching The ability to match a value with any or page A display of information in a grid or table often all characters of an item entered as a criterion. Missing represented by the Z-axis. A page can contain data from one characters may be represented by wild card values such as a field, derived data from a calculation, or text. question mark (?) or an asterisk (*). For example, “Find all instances of apple” returns apple, but “Find all instances of page file Essbase data file. apple*” returns apple, applesauce, applecranberry, and so page heading A report heading type that lists members on. represented on the current page of the report. All data values percent consolidation The portion of a child's values that on the page have the members in the page heading as a is consolidated to its parent. common attribute. percent control Identifies the extent to which an entity is page member A member that determines the page axis. controlled within the context of its group. palette A JASC compliant file with a .PAL extension. Each percent ownership Identifies the extent to which an entity palette contains 16 colors that complement each other and is owned by its parent. can be used to set the dashboard color elements. performance indicator An image file used to represent parallel calculation A calculation option. Essbase divides a measure and scorecard performance based on a range you calculation into tasks and calculates some tasks specify; also called a status symbol. You can use the default simultaneously. performance indicators or create an unlimited number of parallel data load In Essbase, the concurrent execution of your own. data load stages by multiple process threads.

40 Glossary periodic value method (PVA) A process of currency planning unit A data slice at the intersection of a scenario, conversion that applies the periodic exchange rate values version, and entity; the basic unit for preparing, reviewing, over time to derive converted results. annotating, and approving plan data. permission A level of access granted to users and groups plot area The area bounded by X, Y, and Z axes; for pie for managing data or other users and groups. charts, the rectangular area surrounding the pie. persistence The continuance or longevity of effect for any plug account An account in which the system stores any Essbase operation or setting. For example, an Essbase out of balance differences between intercompany account administrator may limit the persistence of user name and pairs during the elimination process. password validity. post stage assignment Assignments in the allocation model personal pages A personal window to repository that are assigned to locations in a subsequent model stage. information. You select what information to display and its POV (point of view) A feature for setting data focus by layout and colors. selecting members that are not already assigned to row, personal recurring time events Reusable time events that column, or page axes. For example, selectable POVs in FDM are accessible only to the user who created them. could include location, period, category, and target category. In another example, using POV as a filter in Smart personal variable A named selection statement of complex View, you could assign the Currency dimension to the POV member selections. and select the Euro member. Selecting this POV in data perspective A category used to group measures on a forms displays data in Euro values. scorecard or strategic objectives within an application. A precalculation Calculating the database prior to user perspective can represent a key stakeholder (such as a retrieval. customer, employee, or shareholder/financial) or a key competency area (such as time, cost, or quality). precision Number of decimal places displayed in numbers. pie chart A chart that shows one data set segmented in a pie predefined drill paths Paths used to drill to the next level formation. of detail, as defined in the data model. pinboard One of the three data object display types. presentation A playlist of Web Analysis documents, Pinboards are graphics, composed of backgrounds and enabling reports to be grouped, organized, ordered, interactive icons called pins. Pinboards require traffic distributed, and reviewed. Includes pointers referencing lighting definitions. reports in the repository. pins Interactive icons placed on graphic reports called preserve formulas User-created formulas kept within a pinboards. Pins are dynamic. They can change images and worksheet while retrieving data. traffic lighting color based on the underlying data values and primary measure A high-priority measure important to analysis tools criteria. your company and business needs. Displayed in the pivot The ability to alter the perspective of retrieved data. Contents frame. When Essbase first retrieves a dimension, it expands data process monitor report Displays a list of locations and their into rows. You can then pivot or rearrange the data to obtain positions within the FDM data conversion process. You can a different viewpoint. use the process monitor report to monitor the status of the planner Planners, who comprise the majority of users, can closing process. The report is time-stamped. Therefore, it input and submit data, use reports that others create, can be used to determine to which locations at which time execute business rules, use task lists, enable e-mail data was loaded. notification for themselves, and use Smart View. product In Shared Services, an application type, such as Planning or Performance Scorecard.

Glossary 41 Production Reporting See SQR Production Reporting. recurring template A journal template for making identical adjustments in every period. project An instance of EPM System products grouped together in an implementation. For example, a Planning recurring time event An event specifying a starting point project may consist of a Planning application, an Essbase and the frequency for running a job. cube, and a Financial Reporting server instance. redundant data Duplicate data blocks that Essbase retains property A characteristic of an artifact, such as size, type, during transactions until Essbase commits updated blocks. or processing instructions. regular journal A feature for entering one-time provisioning The process of granting users and groups adjustments for a period. Can be balanced, balanced by specific access permissions to resources. entity, or unbalanced. proxy server A server acting as an intermediary between Related Accounts The account structure groups all main workstation users and the Internet to ensure security. and related accounts under the same main account number. The main account is distinguished from related accounts by public job parameters Reusable, named job parameters the first suffix of the account number. created by administrators and accessible to users with requisite access privileges. relational database A type of database that stores data in related two-dimensional tables. Contrast with public recurring time events Reusable time events created multidimensional database. by administrators and accessible through the access control system. replace A data load option that clears existing values from all accounts for periods specified in the data load file, and PVA See periodic value method (PVA). loads values from the data load file. If an account is not qualified name A member name in a qualified format that specified in the load file, its values for the specified periods differentiates duplicate member names in a duplicate are cleared. member outline. For example, [Market].[East].[State]. replicated partition A portion of a database, defined [New York] or [Market].[East].[City].[New York] through Partition Manager, used to propagate an update to query Information requests from data providers. For data mastered at one site to a copy of data stored at another example, used to access relational data sources. site. Users can access the data as though it were part of their local database. query governor An Essbase Integration server parameter or Essbase server configuration setting that controls the Report Extractor An Essbase component that retrieves duration and size of queries made to data sources. report data from the Essbase database when report scripts are run. range A set of values including upper and lower limits, and values falling between limits. Can contain numbers, report object In report designs, a basic element with amounts, or dates. properties defining behavior or appearance, such as text boxes, grids, images, and charts. reciprocal assignment An assignment in the financial flow that also has the source as one of its destinations. report script A text file containing Essbase Report Writer commands that generate one or more production reports. reconfigure URL URL used to reload servlet configuration settings dynamically when users are already logged on to the Report Viewer An Essbase component that displays Workspace. complete reports after report scripts are run. record In a database, a group of fields making up one reporting currency The currency used to prepare financial complete entry. For example, a customer record may statements, and converted from local currencies to contain fields for name, address, telephone number, and reporting currencies. sales data.

42 Glossary repository Stores metadata, formatting, and annotation scope The area of data encompassed by any Essbase information for views and queries. operation or setting; for example, the area of data affected by a security setting. Most commonly, scope refers to three resources Objects or services managed by the system, such levels of granularity, where higher levels encompass lower as roles, users, groups, files, and jobs. levels. From highest to lowest, these levels are as follows: the restore An operation to reload data and structural entire system (Essbase Server), applications on Essbase information after a database has been damaged or servers, or databases within Essbase server applications. See destroyed, typically performed after shutting down and also persistence. restarting the database. score The level at which targets are achieved, usually restructure An operation to regenerate or rebuild the expressed as a percentage of the target. database index and, in some cases, data files. scorecard Business object that represents the progress of an result frequency The algorithm used to create a set of dates employee, strategy element, or accountability element to collect and display results. toward goals. Scorecards ascertain this progress based on data collected for each measure and child scorecard added review level A Process Management review status indicator to the scorecard. representing the process unit level, such as Not Started, First Pass, Submitted, Approved, and Published. scraping An inspection of a data source to derive the most basic metadata elements from it. Contrast with Risk Free Rate The rate of return expected from “safer” introspection. investments such as long-term U.S. government securities. Search gadget Searches the Reporting and Analysis role The means by which access permissions are granted to repository. The Search gadget looks for a match in the users and groups for resources. document keywords and description, which are set when roll-up See consolidation. you import a document. root member The highest member in a dimension branch. secondary measure A low-priority measure, less important than primary measures. Secondary measures do not have RSC services Services that are configured with Remote Performance reports but can be used on scorecards and to Service Configurator, including Repository Service, Service create dimension measure templates. Broker, Name Service, Event Service, and Job Service. security agent A Web access management provider (for runtime prompt A variable that users enter or select before example, Netegrity SiteMinder) that protects corporate a business rule is run. Web resources. sampling The process of selecting a representative portion security platform A framework enabling EPM System of an entity to determine the entity's characteristics. See also products to use external authentication and single sign-on. metadata sampling. serial calculation The default calculation setting. Divides a saved assumptions User-defined Planning assumptions calculation pass into tasks and calculates one task at a time. that drive key business calculations (for example, the cost per square foot of office floor space). services Resources that enable business items to be retrieved, changed, added, or deleted. Examples: scaling Scaling determines the display of values in whole Authorization and Authentication. numbers, tens, hundreds, thousands, millions, and so on. servlet A piece of compiled code executable by a Web scenario A dimension for classifying data (for example, server. Actuals, Budget, Forecast1, and Forecast2). Servlet Configurator A utility for configuring all locally installed servlets.

Glossary 43 shared member A member that shares storage space with snapshot Read-only data from a specific time. another member of the same name, preventing duplicate source currency The currency from which values originate calculation of members that occur multiple times in an and are converted through exchange rates to the destination Essbase outline. currency. Shared Services Registry Part of the Shared Services sparse dimension In block storage databases, a dimension database, the Shared Services Registry stores and re-uses unlikely to contain data for all member combinations when information for most installed EPM System products, compared to other dimensions. For example, not all including installation directories, database settings, customers have data for all products. Contrast with dense deployment settings, computer names, ports, servers, URLs, dimension. and dependent service data. SPF files Printer-independent files created by an SQR Shared Workspace Page Workspace Pages shared across an Production Reporting server, containing a representation organization which are stored in a special System folder and of the actual formatted report output, including fonts, can be accessed by authorized users from the Shared spacing, headers, footers, and so on. Workspace Pages Navigate menu. Spotlighter A tool that enables color coding based on sibling A child member at the same generation as another selected conditions. child member and having the same immediate parent. For example, the members Florida and New York are children SQL spreadsheet A data object that displays the result set of East and each other's siblings. of a SQL query.

single sign-on Ability to access multiple EPM System SQR Production Reporting A specialized programming products after a single login using external credentials. language for data access, data manipulation, and creating SQR Production Reporting documents. smart slice In Smart View, a reusable perspective of a data source that contains a restricted set of dimensions or stage A task description that forms one logical step within dimension members. a taskflow, usually performed by an individual. A stage can be manual or automated. Smart Space client software Runs on the client's computer and provides gadgets, instant collaboration and access to the stage action For automated stages, the invoked action that Reporting and Analysis repository. It is composed of the executes the stage. Smart Space framework and gadgets. staging area A database that you create to meet the needs Smart Space Collaborator A service that enables users or of a specific application. A staging area is a snapshot or systems to send messages and share Reporting and Analysis restructured version of one or more RDBMSs. repository content. The message can take many forms, standard dimension A dimension that is not an attribute including instant message style discussions, meetings, and dimension. toast messages. standard journal template A journal function used to post smart tags Keywords in Microsoft Office applications that adjustments that have common adjustment information for are associated with predefined actions available from the each period. For example, you can create a standard Smart Tag menu. In EPM System products, smart tags can template that contains the common account IDs, entity IDs, also be used to import Reporting and Analysis content, and or amounts, then use the template as the basis for many access Financial Management and Essbase functions. regular journals. SmartBook gadget Contains documents from the Status bar The status bar at the bottom of the screen Reporting and Analysis repository or URLs. All documents displays helpful information about commands, accounts, are loaded when the SmartBook is opened so you can access and the current status of your data file. all content immediately.

SmartCut A link to a repository item, in URL form.

44 Glossary stored hierarchy In aggregate storage databases outlines synchronized The condition that exists when the latest only. A hierarchy in which the members are aggregated version of a model resides in both the application and in according to the outline structure. Stored hierarchy Shared Services. See also model. members have certain restrictions, for example, they cannot system extract Transfers data from an application's contain formulas. metadata into an ASCII file. strategic objective (SO) A long-term goal defined by tabs Navigable views of accounts and reports in Strategic measurable results. Each strategic objective is associated Finance. with one perspective in the application, has one parent, the entity, and is a parent to critical success factors or other target Expected results of a measure for a specified period strategic objectives. of time (day, quarter, and so on).

Strategy map Represents how the organization task list A detailed status list of tasks for a particular user. implements high-level mission and vision statements into taskflow The automation of a business process in which lower-level, constituent strategic goals and objectives. tasks are passed from one taskflow participant to another structure view Displays a topic as a simple list of according to procedural rules. component data items. taskflow definition Represents business processes in the Structured Query Language A language used to process taskflow management system. Consists of a network of instructions to relational databases. stages and their relationships; criteria indicating the start and end of the taskflow; and information about individual Subaccount Numbering A system for numbering stages, such as participants, associated applications, subaccounts using non-sequential, whole numbers. associated activities, and so on. subscribe Flags an item or folder to receive automatic taskflow instance Represents a single instance of a taskflow notification whenever the item or folder is updated. including its state and associated data. Summary chart In the Investigates Section, rolls up detail taskflow management system Defines, creates, and charts shown below in the same column, plotting metrics at manages the execution of a taskflow including: definitions, the summary level at the top of each chart column. user or application interactions, and application super service A special service used by the executables. startCommonServices script to start the RSC services. taskflow participant The resource who performs the task supervisor A user with full access to all applications, associated with the taskflow stage instance for both manual databases, related files, and security mechanisms for a and automated stages. server. Taxes - Initial Balances Strategic Finance assumes that the supporting detail Calculations and assumptions from Initial Loss Balance, Initial Gain Balance and the Initial which the values of cells are derived. Balance of Taxes Paid entries have taken place in the period before the first Strategic Finance time period. suppress rows Excludes rows containing missing values, and underscores characters from spreadsheet reports. TCP/IP See Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) A server architecture that enables multiprocessing and multithreading. template A predefined format designed to retrieve Performance is not significantly degraded when a large particular data consistently. number of users connect to an single instance text list In Essbase, an object that stores text values mapped simultaneously. to numeric identifiers. Text Lists enable the use of text sync Synchronizes Shared Services and application models. measures.

Glossary 45 text measure A data type that allows measure values to be traceability The ability to track a metadata element to its expressed as text. In Essbase, a member tagged as “Text” in physical source. For example, in Essbase Studio, a cube the dimension where measures are represented. The cell schema can be traced from its hierarchies and measure values are displayed as predefined text. For example, the text hierarchies, to its dimension elements, date/time elements, measure "Satisfaction Index" may have the values Low, and measures, and ultimately, to its physical source Medium, and High. See also typed measure, text list, derived elements. text measure. traffic lighting Color-coding of report cells, or pins based time dimension Defines the time period that the data on a comparison of two dimension members, or on fixed represents, such as fiscal or calendar periods. limits. time events Triggers for execution of jobs. transformation (1) Transforms artifacts so that they function properly in the destination environment after time line viewer An FDM feature that allows a user to view application migration. (2) In data mining, modifies data dates and times of completed process flow steps for specific (bidirectionally) flowing between the cells in the cube and locations. the algorithm. time scale Displays metrics by a specific period in time, translation See currency conversion. such as monthly or quarterly. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/ time series reporting A process for reporting data based on IP) A standard set of communication protocols linking a calendar date (for example, year, quarter, month, or computers with different operating systems and internal week). architectures. TCP/IP utilities are used to exchange files, Title bar Displays the Strategic Finance name, the file send mail, and store data to various computers that are name, and the scenario name Version box. connected to local and wide area networks. toast message Messages that appear in the lower right transparent login Logs in authenticated users without corner of the screen and fade in and out. launching the login screen. token An encrypted identification of one valid user or transparent partition A shared partition that enables users group on an external authentication system. to access and change data in a remote database as though it is part of a local database top and side labels Column and row headings on the top and sides of a Pivot report. triangulation A means of converting balances from one currency to another via a third common currency. In top-level member A dimension member at the top of the Europe, this is the euro for member countries. For example, tree in a dimension outline hierarchy, or the first member to convert from French franc to Italian lira, the common of the dimension in sort order if there is no hierarchical currency is defined as European euro. Therefore, in order relationship among dimension members. The top-level to convert balances from French franc to Italian lira, member name is generally the same as the dimension name balances are converted from French franc to European euro if a hierarchical relationship exists. and from European euro to Italian lira. trace allocations A feature of Profitability and Cost triggers An Essbase feature whereby data is monitored Management that enables you to visually follow the flow of according to user-specified criteria which when met cause financial data, either forwards or backwards, from a single Essbase to alert the user or system administrator. intersection throughout the model. trusted password A password that enables users trace level Defines the level of detail captured in the log file. authenticated for one product to access other products without reentering their passwords.

trusted user Authenticated user.

46 Glossary tuple MDX syntax element that references a cell as an user-defined member list A named, static set of members intersection of a member from each dimension. If a within a dimension defined by the user. dimension is omitted, its top member is implied. Examples: validation A process of checking a business rule, report (Jan); (Jan, Sales); ( [Jan], [Sales], [Cola], [Texas], [Actual] ) script, or partition definition against the outline to make two-pass An Essbase property that is used to recalculate sure that the object being checked is valid. For example, in members that are dependent on the calculated values of FDM, validation rules ensure that certain conditions are other members. Two-pass members are calculated during a met after data is loaded from FDM to the target application. second pass through the outline. value dimension Used to define input value, translated typed measure In Essbase, a member tagged as “Text” or value, and consolidation detail. “Date” in the dimension where measures are represented. variance Difference between two values (for example, The cell values are displayed as predefined text or dates. planned and actual value). unary operator A mathematical indicator (+, -, *, /, %) varying attribute An attribute association that changes associated with an outline member. The unary operator over one or more dimensions. It can be used to track a value defines how the member is calculated during a database roll- in relation to these dimensions; for example, the varying up. attribute Sales Representative, associated with the Product Unicode-mode application An Essbase application dimension, can be used to track the value Customer Sales wherein character text is encoded in UTF-8, enabling users of several different sales representatives in relation to the with computers set up for different languages to share Time dimension. Varying attributes can also be used for application data. member selection, such as finding the Products that a Sales Representative was responsible for in May. Uniform Resource Locator The address of a resource on the Internet or an intranet. version Possible outcome used within the context of a scenario of data. For example, Budget - Best Case and unique member name A non-shared member name that Budget - Worst Case where Budget is scenario and Best Case exists only once in a database outline. and Worst Case are versions. unique member outline A database outline that is not view Representation of either a year-to-date or periodic enabled for duplicate member names. display of data. upgrade The process of replacing an earlier software release visual cue A formatted style, such as a font or a color, that with a current release or replacing one product with highlights specific types of data values. Data values may be another. dimension members; parent, child, or shared members; upper-level block A type of data block wherein at least one dynamic calculations; members containing a formula; read of the sparse members is a parent-level member. only data cells; read and write data cells; or linked objects. user directory A centralized location for user and group Web server Software or hardware hosting intranet or information. Also known as a repository or provider. Internet Web pages or Web applications. user variable Dynamically renders data forms based on a weight Value assigned to an item on a scorecard that user's member selection, displaying only the specified indicates the relative importance of that item in the entity. For example, user variable named Department calculation of the overall scorecard score. The weighting of displays specific departments and employees. all items on a scorecard accumulates to 100%. For example, to recognize the importance of developing new features for user-defined attribute (UDA) User-defined attribute, a product, the measure for New Features Coded on a associated with members of an outline to describe a developer's scorecard would be assigned a higher weighting characteristic of the members. Users can use UDAs to return than a measure for Number of Minor Defect Fixes. lists of members that have the specified UDA associated with them.

Glossary 47 wild card Character that represents any single character or ZoomChart Used to view detailed information by group of characters (*) in a search string. enlarging a chart. Enables you to see detailed numeric information on the metric that is displayed in the chart. WITH section In MaxL DML, an optional section of the query used for creating re-usable logic to define sets or members. Sets or custom members can be defined once in the WITH section, and then referenced multiple times during a query.

work flow The steps required to process data from start to finish in FDM. The workflow consists of Import (loading data from the GL file), Validate (ensures all members are mapped to a valid account), Export (loads the mapped members to the target application), and Check (verifies accuracy of data by processing data with user-defined validation rules).

workbook An entire spreadsheet file with many worksheets.

Workspace Page A page created with content from multiple sources including documents, URL, and other content types. Enables a user to aggregate content from Oracle and non-Oracle sources.

write-back The ability for a retrieval client, such as a spreadsheet, to update a database value.

ws.conf A configuration file for Windows platforms.

wsconf_platform A configuration file for UNIX platforms.

XML See Extensible Markup Language (XML).

XOLAP An Essbase multidimensional database that stores only the outline metadata and retrieves all data from a relational database at query time. XOLAP supports aggregate storage databases and applications that contain duplicate member names.

Y axis scale Range of values on Y axis of charts displayed in Investigate Section. For example, use a unique Y axis scale for each chart, the same Y axis scale for all Detail charts, or the same Y axis scale for all charts in the column. Often, using a common Y axis improves your ability to compare charts at a glance.

Zero Administration Software tool that identifies version number of the most up-to-date plug-in on the server. zoom Sets the magnification of a report. For example, magnify a report to fit whole page, page width, or percentage of magnification based on 100%.

48 Glossary ABCDEF I JKLMNOPRSTUVW

Index

A Database keyword, 18 Administration Services Console DataDirect drivers joining tables, 9 changing default settings for, 17 loading SQL data, 11 information on, 7 SELECT statement, 9 DB2, example odbc.ini file, 8 aggregate storage data load buffers, 14 Description keyword, 17 aggregate storage database, loading SQL data to, 14 dialog box, ODBC Data Source Administrator, 19 Application keyword, 18 Dictionary keyword, 18 dimensions, building, 5 B directories bin, 20 bin directory, 20 data sources, default, 13 building Essbase dimensions, 5 driver configuration file, 20 driver configuration file C creating, 17, 18, 20 CFG (.cfg) file, creating, 20 default values, 18, 20 choosing, a driver, 7 in bin directory, 20 configuration file, for non-DataDirect drivers, 17 keywords, 18 configuring required values, 17 data sources DriverName keyword, 17 overview, 7 drivers non-DataDirect drivers, 20 choosing in ODBC Administrator, 7 converting SQL statements, 5 description of, 17 creating file names, 19 data load rules files, 12 naming, 17 driver configuration file, 17, 18, 20 non-DataDirect, 17 single table or view, 9 password, 20 UNIX, names, 19 D data E load preparation, 9 Essbase load preparation methods, 9 default values for drivers, 18, 20 SQL, mapping, 12 loading data into, 11 data load rules files. See rules files. outline, mapping data to, 12 data sources ESSBASEPATH, 20 paths, 13 esssql.cfg selecting, 13 configuring non-DataDirect drivers with, 20

Index 49 ABCDEF I JKLMNOPRSTUVW

creating, 17 loading from, 9 example, 18 preparing, 9 keywords and values in, 18 examples, odbc.ini files, 8 N non-DataDirect drivers F configuring, 17 Files keyword, 18 tested, 17 files, CFG (configuration), 20 O I ODBC Administrator, 7 import database MaxL statement, 14 ODBC drivers installed ODBC drivers, listed, 19 file names, 19 interpreting SQL records, 5 non-DataDirect, 17 IsQEDriver keyword, 19 tested, 17 UNIX, names, 19 J odbc.ini file, DB2 example, 8 ODBCJT32.DLL, 19 joining tables, 9 joining tables, in Administration Services console, 9 P K parallel SQL connections, 14 passing, SQL statements, 5 keywords, driver configuration file, 18 Password keyword, 18 passwords for driver, 20 L paths loading data esssql.cfg, 20 aggregate storage databases and, 14 for data sources, 13 data load rules, 12 processing time, 9 from single table, 9 in parallel, 14 R joining tables, 9 relational data, loading:, 5. See also data. overview, 6, 11 requesting non-SQL data, 5 preparing for, 9 rules files summary level data, 5 creating, 12 using Administration Services, 11 definition, 12 for aggregate storage databases, 14 M for loading data in parallel, 14 mapping SQL data to an Essbase outline, 12 location of, 14 Microsoft Access, ODBC driver for, 19 maximum file name size, 14 multibyte character sets, support for, 22 SQL records, 5 multidimensional databases rules files, mulitple, using, 14 building Essbase dimensions, 5 loading data into, 5 S multiple rules files, using, 14 SELECT statement multiple tables joining tables, 9 joining, 9 processing time, 9

50 Index ABCDEF I JKLMNOPRSTUVW selecting SQL data sources, 13 Server keyword, 18 SingleConnection keyword, 19 spreadsheet data sources, 5 SQL data joining tables, 9 loading, 5 mapping, 12 selecting source, 13 SQL databases, single tables in, 9 SQL queries, 13 SQL server, 9 SQL statements, 5 summary data, loading, 5

T tables creating, 9 efficiency, 9 joining, 9 loading from, 9 SQL databases, 9 Teradata data source, using Teradata Export Operator, 21 tested non-DataDirect drivers, 17 text file data sources, 5

U Unicode, support for, 5, 22 UNIX environments, odbc.ini file, 19 UpperCaseConnection keyword, 19 UserId keyword, 18 using multiple rules_file, 14

V views, 9 creating, 9 SQL databases, 9

W Windows environments, configuring data sources, 7

Index 51 ABCDEF I JKLMNOPRSTUVW

52 Index