viruses Article Influenza D Virus: Serological Evidence in the Italian Population from 2005 to 2017 1, 1, 1, 2 3 Claudia M. Trombetta * , Serena Marchi y , Ilaria Manini y , Otfried Kistner , Feng Li , Pietro Piu 2, Alessandro Manenti 4, Fabrizio Biuso 4, Chithra Sreenivasan 3, Julian Druce 5 and Emanuele Montomoli 1,2,4 1 Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy;
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[email protected] (E.M.) 2 VisMederi srl, Strada del Petriccio e Belriguardo 35, 53100 Siena, Italy;
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[email protected] (P.P.) 3 Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
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[email protected] (C.S.) 4 VisMederi Research srl, Strada del Petriccio e Belriguardo 35, 53100 Siena, Italy;
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[email protected] (F.B.) 5 Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
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[email protected]; Tel.: +39-0577-232100 These authors contributed equally to this article. y Received: 28 November 2019; Accepted: 24 December 2019; Published: 27 December 2019 Abstract: Influenza D virus is a novel influenza virus, which was first isolated from an ailing swine in 2011 and later detected in cattle, suggesting that these animals may be a primary natural reservoir. To date, few studies have been performed on human samples and there is no conclusive evidence on the ability of the virus to infect humans.