PH Global Competitiveness Basically Unchanged Based on WEF Data
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49 BUSINESS PH global competitiveness basically unchanged based on WEF data The World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018 ranked the Philippines 56th out of 137 countries from 57th out of 138 countries in 2016-2017. Its score fell marginally to 4.35 from last year’s 4.36, on a 1-7 scale indicating the worst to the best grade. he score of the countries were measured based on the 12 pillars of competitiveness (see figure on TGlobal Competitiveness Index). These pillars were further divided into 3 sub-indices “to provide unique insight into the drivers of their productivity and prosperity.” Based on the Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018, Switzerland got the highest rank out of 137 countries. This was followed by the U.S. (2nd), Singapore (3rd), Netherlands (4th), and Germany (5th). Hong Kong (6th), Sweden (7th), United Kingdom (8th), Japan (9th), and Finland (10th) completed the list (see table on Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018: Top 10 Countries). Among the 17 East Asia and Pacific countries included in the report, Indonesia and Brunei recorded the most significant improvements. On the other hand, Singapore, Cambodia, and Laos are the only countries that posted a decrease in their standings (see table on Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018: East Asia and Pacific Countries). The of GDP, and government budget balance as a percentage of GDP. Philippines fell to 7th from 5th among 9 Southeast Asian states. The market size pillar posted an increase to 27th from 31st in Despite the slight decrease in the Philippines’ last year’s report. According to Mr. Guillermo Luz, private sector overall competitiveness score, it climbed up a notch co-chairman of the National Competitiveness Council (NCC), in its ranking. According to the WEF, it only suggests this is because of the improved purchasing power of consumers. that “other countries’ scores are falling faster.” In higher education and training pillar, the country The country performed well on some pillars – rose to 55th from 58th due to the improvements in macroeconomic environment; market size; higher higher education, including the implementation of the education and training; and labor market efficiency. K to 12 program and the technical-vocational training. In terms of macroeconomic environment, although the pillar was As for the labor market efficiency, it slightly increased down to 22nd in 2017-2018 report from 20th in 2016-2017, it was to 84th from 86th. “Labor is often overlooked by many the country’s highest rank among all the pillars. This is attributed people. The Philippines’ labor rules are quite rigid. This to its favorable economic indicators (such as gross domestic was a concern among investors. But now, the rules are product (GDP) and foreign direct investments), country credit getting more flexible than before,” Mr. Luz explained. rating, inflation management, government debt as a percentage Philippine ANALYST BUSINESS October 2017 50 BUSINESS The Philippines ranked 56th out of 137 countries in the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018, but its score slightly fell to 4.35. Among the 12 pillars of competitiveness measured in the report, the country performed well on macroeconomic environment; market size; higher education and training; and labor market efficiency. GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS INDEX SUB-INDICES PILLARS 2016 RANKING 2017 RANKING 2016 SCORE 2017 SCORE Basic Requirements 65 67 4.6 4.6 Institutions 91 94 3.6 3.5 Infrastructure 95 97 3.4 3.4 Macroeconomic Environment 20 22 5.9 5.8 Health and Primary Education 81 82 5.6 5.6 Efficiency Enhancers 58 61 4.2 4.3 Higher Education and Training 58 55 4.6 4.6 Goods Market Efficiency 99 103 4.1 4.0 Labor Market Efficiency 86 84 4.0 4.0 Financial Market Development 48 52 4.2 4.2 Technological Readiness 83 83 3.6 3.8 Market Size 31 27 4.9 5.0 Innovation and 53 61 3.8 3.7 Sophistication Factors Business Sophistication 52 58 4.1 4.1 Innovation 62 65 3.4 3.3 Source: World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018 & 2016-2017 “The country cannot advance to the next stage unless our public institutions are strengthened by addressing corruption and improving our legal and regulatory frameworks." In contrast to these, the country also posted decrease In the goods market efficiency pillar, the Philippines in some pillars – business sophistication; goods market posted a decrease to 103rd from 99th in 2016-2017. This pillar efficiency; financial market development; institutions; includes the number of procedures to start a business, in which, innovation; infrastructure; and health and primary education. the country ranked 136th, the second to the worst globally. The business sophistication pillar had the most significant Also included in the pillar is the burden of custom procedures decrease with a 6-point drop to 58th from 52nd in last year’s in which the country placed 125th among 137 countries. report. Notably, according to the report, the 5 most problematic The financial market development pillar declined by 4 spots factors for doing business in the country are inefficient to 52nd from 48th. According to Mr. Luz, this is because the government bureaucracy; inadequate supply of infrastructure; “banks' credit exposure has been placed under tight watch corruption; tax regulations; and tax rates (see figure on Most despite (the) sound financial system.” Despite the decrease, Problematic Factors for Doing Business in the Philippines). this was the country’s 3rd highest pillar based on the report. Philippine ANALYST BUSINESS October 2017 51 BUSINESS GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT 2017-2018: TOP 10 COUNTRIES COUNTRY GLOBAL RANK Switzerland 1 U.S. 2 Singapore 3 Netherlands 4 Germany 5 Hong Kong 6 Sweden 7 United Kingdom 8 Japan 9 Finland 10 Source: World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018 & 2016-2017 GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT 2017-2018: EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC COUNTRIES COUNTRY GLOBAL RANK Singapore 3 Hong Kong 6 Japan 9 New Zealand 13 Taiwan 15 Australia 21 Malaysia 23 South Korea 26 China 27 Thailand 32 Indonesia 36 Brunei 46 Vietnam 55 Philippines 56 Cambodia 94 Laos 98 Mongolia 101 Source: World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018 & 2016-2017 Philippine ANALYST BUSINESS October 2017 52 BUSINESS Note: From the list of factors, respondents to the World Economic Forum's Executive Opinion Survey were asked to select the 5 most problematic factors for doing business in their country and to rank them between 1 (most problematic) and 5. The score corresponds to the responses weighted according to their rankings. Source: World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018 As for the institutions pillar, it went down by 3 rankings to 94th Gov’t to ease foreign limits in retail trade from 91st in the last year’s report. Meanwhile, innovation was cut to 65th from 62nd; infrastructure decreased to 97th from 95th; and industry health and primary education declined slightly to 82nd from 81st. According to Mr. Luz, to better develop competitiveness The government is planning to decrease the foreign capital in the country, improvements in the next 1-2 years is needed entry requirement in the retail trade industry in order in the areas of government bureaucracy, ports and airports, to allow more participation from foreign traders which as well as in primary education and health. This was backed would enhance further competition. This is in line with the up by Makati Business Club (MBC) executive director Peter Duterte administration’s goal to liberalize the 11th Foreign Perfecto, explaining that “implementing the plans under Investment Negative List (FINL). However, an amendment the Build, Build, Build infrastructure program is critical for in the Retail Trade Liberalization Act of 2000 is required,and the effective functioning of a growing Philippine economy.” may be hard to get. Furthermore, investment in technological readiness, higher education, innovation, and science and technology The National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) will also be needed in the next 3-5 years, as per Mr. Luz’s is currently reviewing the final draft of the 1st FINL (labeled recommendation. He explained that "the way the economy as “among the most liberalized”) to be signed by President is structured is that 3-5 years from now, investors will be Rodrigo Duterte. NEDA Secretary Ernesto Pernia said that one thinking of technological readiness. They would ask, how of the changes in this year’s list is to cut the foreign capital limit is your innovation? How is your technological readiness?" to $200,000 from the current $2.5 million. This would result in The passage of priority bills identified by the business greater participation of foreign traders in the industry, as well sector (such as the Comprehensive Tax Reform Program) as to encourage more local traders to innovate and create better must be given focus by the Congress, instead of the various products, Sec. Pernia explained. “The purpose (of the FINL) is political maneuvers. MBC chairman Edgar Chua said "(the to make consumers happier,” he added. However, the Congress country) cannot advance to the next stage unless our public should be tapped to amend the Retail Trade Liberalization Act of institutions are strengthened by addressing corruption 2000 (or Republic Act 8762) in order to liberalize the industry. and (improving) our legal and regulatory frameworks." On the other hand, European Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines (ECCP) President Guenter Taus argued that “there shouldn’t even be a paid-up capital at all, citing other countries where foreign investors who plan to set up their business would only need to register their company and start building their business from there.” In comparison with other Philippine ANALYST BUSINESS October 2017 53 BUSINESS One of the changes in this year’s FINL is to cut the foreign capital limit to $200,000 from the current $2.5 million.