Diptera: Asilidae
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The Evolutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles
Brigham Young University Masthead Logo BYU ScholarsArchive All Theses and Dissertations 2018-04-01 The volutE ionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Momcilovich, Ashlee Nichole, "The vE olutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles" (2018). All Theses and Dissertations. 7327. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7327 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Evolutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich A dissertation submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Mark C. Belk, Chair Seth M. Bybee Jerald B. Johnson Steven L. Peck G. Bruce Schaalje Department of Biology Brigham Young University Copyright © 2018 Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The Evolutionary Significance of Body Size in Burying Beetles Ashlee Nichole Momcilovich Department of Biology, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Body size is one of the most commonly studied traits of an organism, which is largely due to its direct correlation with fitness, life history strategy, and physiology of the organism. Patterns of body size distribution are also often studied. The distribution of body size within species is looked at for suggestions of differential mating strategies or niche variation among ontogenetic development. Patterns are also examined among species to determine the effects of competition, environmental factors, and phylogenetic inertia. -
Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States
Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States September 1993 OTA-F-565 NTIS order #PB94-107679 GPO stock #052-003-01347-9 Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States, OTA-F-565 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 1993). For Sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office ii Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop, SSOP. Washington, DC 20402-9328 ISBN O-1 6-042075-X Foreword on-indigenous species (NIS)-----those species found beyond their natural ranges—are part and parcel of the U.S. landscape. Many are highly beneficial. Almost all U.S. crops and domesticated animals, many sport fish and aquiculture species, numerous horticultural plants, and most biologicalN control organisms have origins outside the country. A large number of NIS, however, cause significant economic, environmental, and health damage. These harmful species are the focus of this study. The total number of harmful NIS and their cumulative impacts are creating a growing burden for the country. We cannot completely stop the tide of new harmful introductions. Perfect screening, detection, and control are technically impossible and will remain so for the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, the Federal and State policies designed to protect us from the worst species are not safeguarding our national interests in important areas. These conclusions have a number of policy implications. First, the Nation has no real national policy on harmful introductions; the current system is piecemeal, lacking adequate rigor and comprehensiveness. Second, many Federal and State statutes, regulations, and programs are not keeping pace with new and spreading non-indigenous pests. -
2017 City of York Biodiversity Action Plan
CITY OF YORK Local Biodiversity Action Plan 2017 City of York Local Biodiversity Action Plan - Executive Summary What is biodiversity and why is it important? Biodiversity is the variety of all species of plant and animal life on earth, and the places in which they live. Biodiversity has its own intrinsic value but is also provides us with a wide range of essential goods and services such as such as food, fresh water and clean air, natural flood and climate regulation and pollination of crops, but also less obvious services such as benefits to our health and wellbeing and providing a sense of place. We are experiencing global declines in biodiversity, and the goods and services which it provides are consistently undervalued. Efforts to protect and enhance biodiversity need to be significantly increased. The Biodiversity of the City of York The City of York area is a special place not only for its history, buildings and archaeology but also for its wildlife. York Minister is an 800 year old jewel in the historical crown of the city, but we also have our natural gems as well. York supports species and habitats which are of national, regional and local conservation importance including the endangered Tansy Beetle which until 2014 was known only to occur along stretches of the River Ouse around York and Selby; ancient flood meadows of which c.9-10% of the national resource occurs in York; populations of Otters and Water Voles on the River Ouse, River Foss and their tributaries; the country’s most northerly example of extensive lowland heath at Strensall Common; and internationally important populations of wetland birds in the Lower Derwent Valley. -
Checklist of the Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) of British Columbia
Checklist of the Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) of British Columbia Scott Russell Spencer Entomological Collection Beaty Biodiversity Museum, UBC Vancouver, B.C. The family Pompilidae is a cosmopolitan group of some 5000 species of wasps which prey almost exclusively on spiders, giving rise to their common name - the spider wasps. While morphologically monotonous (Evans 1951b), these species range in size from a few millimetres long to among the largest of all hymenopterans; genus Pepsis, the tarantula hawks may reach up to 64 mm long in some tropical species (Vardy 2000). B.C.'s largest pompilid, Calopompilus pyrrhomelas, reaches a more modest body length of 19 mm among specimens held in our collection. In North America, pompilids are known primarily from hot, arid areas, although some species are known from the Yukon Territories and at least one species can overwinter above the snowline in the Colorado mountains (Evans 1997). In most species, the females hunt, attack, and paralyse spiders before laying one egg on (or more rarely, inside) the spider. Prey preferences in Pompilidae are generally based on size, but some groups are known to specialize, such as genus Ageniella on jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) and Tachypompilus on wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) (Evans 1953). The paralysed host is then deposited in a burrow, which may have been appropriated from the spider, but is typically prepared before hunting from existing structures such as natural crevices, beetle tunnels, or cells belonging to other solitary wasps. While most pompilids follow this general pattern of behaviour, in the Nearctic region wasps of the genus Evagetes and the subfamily Ceropalinae exhibit cleptoparasitism (Evans 1953). -
Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names
Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part V Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart Evenhuis, Neal L.; Pape, Thomas; Pont, Adrian C. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Publication date: 2016 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Evenhuis, N. L., Pape, T., & Pont, A. C. (2016). Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus- group names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart. Magnolia Press. Zootaxa Vol. 4172 No. 1 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Zootaxa 4172 (1): 001–211 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:22128906-32FA-4A80-85D6-10F114E81A7B ZOOTAXA 4172 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart NEAL L. EVENHUIS1, THOMAS PAPE2 & ADRIAN C. PONT3 1 J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Whitmore: 15 Aug. 2016; published: 30 Sept. 2016 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 NEAL L. -
Program Book
NORTH CENTRAL BRANCH Entomological Society of America 59th Annual Meeting March 28-31, 2004 President Rob Wiedenmann The Fairmont Kansas City At the Plaza 401 Ward Parkway Kansas City, MO 64112 Contents Meeting Logistics ................................................................ 2 2003-2004 Officers and Committees, ESA-NCB .............. 4 2004 North Central Branch Award Recipients ................ 8 Program ............................................................................. 13 Sunday, March 28, 2004 Afternoon ...............................................................13 Evening ..................................................................13 Monday, March 29, 2004 Morning..................................................................14 Afternoon ...............................................................23 Evening ..................................................................42 Tuesday, March 30, 2004 Morning..................................................................43 Afternoon ...............................................................63 Evening ..................................................................67 Wednesday, March 31, 2004 Morning..................................................................68 Afternoon ...............................................................72 Author Index ..............................................................73 Taxonomic Index........................................................84 Key Word Index.........................................................88 -
Bees and Wasps of the East Sussex South Downs
A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 Abstract For six years between 2003 and 2008, over 100 site visits were made to fifteen chalk grassland and chalk heath sites within the South Downs of Vice-county 14 (East Sussex). This produced a list of 227 bee and wasp species and revealed the comparative frequency of different species, the comparative richness of different sites and provided a basic insight into how many of the species interact with the South Downs at a site and landscape level. The study revealed that, in addition to the character of the semi-natural grasslands present, the bee and wasp fauna is also influenced by the more intensively-managed agricultural landscapes of the Downs, with many species taking advantage of blossoming hedge shrubs, flowery fallow fields, flowery arable field margins, flowering crops such as Rape, plus plants such as buttercups, thistles and dandelions within relatively improved pasture. Some very rare species were encountered, notably the bee Halictus eurygnathus Blüthgen which had not been seen in Britain since 1946. This was eventually recorded at seven sites and was associated with an abundance of Greater Knapweed. The very rare bees Anthophora retusa (Linnaeus) and Andrena niveata Friese were also observed foraging on several dates during their flight periods, providing a better insight into their ecology and conservation requirements. -
Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera)
toxins Article Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera) Chris M. Cohen * , T. Jeffrey Cole and Michael S. Brewer * Howell Science Complex, East Carolina University, 1000 E 5th St., Greenville, NC 27858, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.M.C.); [email protected] (M.S.B.) Received: 5 November 2020; Accepted: 20 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Abstract: Robber flies are an understudied family of venomous, predatory Diptera. With the recent characterization of venom from three asilid species, it is possible, for the first time, to study the molecular evolution of venom genes in this unique lineage. To accomplish this, a novel whole-body transcriptome of Eudioctria media was combined with 10 other publicly available asiloid thoracic or salivary gland transcriptomes to identify putative venom gene families and assess evidence of pervasive positive selection. A total of 348 gene families of sufficient size were analyzed, and 33 of these were predicted to contain venom genes. We recovered 151 families containing homologs to previously described venom proteins, and 40 of these were uniquely gained in Asilidae. Our gene family clustering suggests that many asilidin venom gene families are not natural groupings, as delimited by previous authors, but instead form multiple discrete gene families. Additionally, robber fly venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function. Keywords: Asilidae; transcriptome; positive selection Key Contribution: Asilidae venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function. -
Trap-Nesting Bees and Wasps and Their Natural Enemies in Regenerated Broad-Leaved Forests in Central Japan
「森林総合研究所研究報告」(Bulletin of FFPRI) Vol.18-No.1 (No.449) 189-194 March 2019 189 研究資料 (Research record) Trap-nesting bees and wasps and their natural enemies in regenerated broad-leaved forests in central Japan Shun'ichi MAKINO1)* and Kimiko OKABE1) Abstract Trap-nests are useful tools to monitor solitary bees and wasps that nest in tube-like cavities. We installed trap- nests made from internode tubes of bamboos and reeds in ten secondary deciduous broad-leaved stands of different ages of one to over 100 years after clear-cutting. Thirty-two species (eight families of Hymenoptera and one of Diptera) were obtained with the trap-nests: 20 host species and 12 of their natural enemies. The species richness of most families of hosts and natural enemies, except for Pompilidae, was higher in younger to middle-aged stands than in older ones over 70 years old. On the contrary, the family Pompilidae (spider wasps) proliferated in both young and old stands, with its relative abundance becoming greater with the increase in stand age. Key words : cavity-nesting Hymenoptera, bamboo traps, monitoring, biodiversity, predator, pollinator 1.Introduction et al. 2003; butterfly: Inoue 2003; nocturnal moths: Taki et Several groups of solitary bees and hunting wasps nest in al. 2010; cerambycid beetles: Makino et al. 2007; parasitic pre-existing cavities, such as tubes or tube-like structures. wasps: Maleque et al. 2010; bees: Taki et al 2013; soil animals: These insects typically make cells in such cavities using Hasegawa et al. 2006, 2013), our results will constitute a various materials and store foods there to rear offspring useful dataset for comparing responses of abundance and (Krombein 1967). -
2015-2025 Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan
2 0 1 5 – 2 0 2 5 Species Assessments Appendix 1.1A – Birds A Comprehensive Status Assessment of Pennsylvania’s Avifauna for Application to the State Wildlife Action Plan Update 2015 (Jason Hill, PhD) Assessment of eBird data for the importance of Pennsylvania as a bird migratory corridor (Andy Wilson, PhD) Appendix 1.1B – Mammals A Comprehensive Status Assessment of Pennsylvania’s Mammals, Utilizing NatureServe Ranking Methodology and Rank Calculator Version 3.1 for Application to the State Wildlife Action Plan Update 2015 (Charlie Eichelberger and Joe Wisgo) Appendix 1.1C – Reptiles and Amphibians A Revision of the State Conservation Ranks of Pennsylvania’s Herpetofauna Appendix 1.1D – Fishes A Revision of the State Conservation Ranks of Pennsylvania’s Fishes Appendix 1.1E – Invertebrates Invertebrate Assessment for the 2015 Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan Revision 2015-2025 Pennsylvania Wildlife Action Plan Appendix 1.1A - Birds A Comprehensive Status Assessment of Pennsylvania’s Avifauna for Application to the State Wildlife Action Plan Update 2015 Jason M. Hill, PhD. Table of Contents Assessment ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Data Sources ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Species Selection ................................................................................................................................ -
Native Species 8-2-11
Bird Species of Greatest Convention Conservation Need Number Group Ref Number Common Name Scientific Name (yes/no) Amphibians 1459 Eastern Tiger Salamander Ambystoma tigrinum Y Amphibians 1460 Smallmouth Salamander Ambystoma texanum N Amphibians 1461 Eastern Newt (T) Notophthalmus viridescens Y Amphibians 1462 Longtail Salamander (T) Eurycea longicauda Y Amphibians 1463 Cave Salamander (E) Eurycea lucifuga Y Amphibians 1465 Grotto Salamander (E) Eurycea spelaea Y Amphibians 1466 Common Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus Y Amphibians 1467 Plains Spadefoot Spea bombifrons N Amphibians 1468 American Toad Anaxyrus americanus N Amphibians 1469 Great Plains Toad Anaxyrus cognatus N Amphibians 1470 Green Toad (T) Anaxyrus debilis Y Amphibians 1471 Red-spotted Toad Anaxyrus punctatus Y Amphibians 1472 Woodhouse's Toad Anaxyrus woodhousii N Amphibians 1473 Blanchard's Cricket Frog Acris blanchardi Y Amphibians 1474 Gray Treefrog complex Hyla chrysoscelis/versicolor N Amphibians 1476 Spotted Chorus Frog Pseudacris clarkii N Amphibians 1477 Spring Peeper (T) Pseudacris crucifer Y Amphibians 1478 Boreal Chorus Frog Pseudacris maculata N Amphibians 1479 Strecker's Chorus Frog (T) Pseudacris streckeri Y Amphibians 1480 Boreal Chorus Frog Pseudacris maculata N Amphibians 1481 Crawfish Frog Lithobates areolata Y Amphibians 1482 Plains Leopard Frog Lithobates blairi N Amphibians 1483 Bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianaN Amphibians 1484 Bronze Frog (T) Lithobates clamitans Y Amphibians 1485 Pickerel Frog Lithobates palustris Y Amphibians 1486 Southern Leopard Frog -
Ofcanada Part13
THE INSECTS ANDARAOHNIDS OFCANADA PART13 The ofca,.m'ffitrslP; Coleo r* SgHHy'" THE INSECTS ANDARACHNIDS OFCANADA t%RT13 The Carrion Beetles of Canada and Alaska Coleoptera Silphidae and Agyrtidae Robert S. Andersonl and Stewart B. Peck2 Biosystematics Research Institute Ottawa, Ontario Research Branch Agriculture Canada Publication 1778 1985 rUniyersity of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta 2Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario oMinister of Supply and Services Canada 1985 Available in Canada through Authorized Bookstore Agents and other bookstores or by mail from Canadian Government Publishing Centre Supply and Services Canada Ottawa, Canada KIA 0S9 Catalogue No. A42-42,21985-l3E Canada: $7.00 ISBN 0-662-11752-5 Other Countries: $8.40 Price subject to change without notice Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Anderson, Robert Samuel The carrion beetles of Canada and Alaska (Coleoptera: Silphidae and Agyrtidae) (The Insects and arachnids of Canada, ISSN 0706-7313 ; pt. 13) (Publication ;1778) Includes bibliographical references and index. l. Silphidae. 2. Beetles - Canada. 3. Beetles -- Alaska. I. Peck, Stewart B. II. Canada. Agricul- ture Canada. Research Branch. III. Title. IV. Series. V. Series: Publication (Canada. Agri- culture Canada). English ; 1778. QL596.S5A5 1985 595.76 C85-097200-0 The Insects and Arachnids of Canada Part l. Collecting, Preparing, and Preserving Insects, Mites, and Spiders, compiled by J. E. H. Martin, Biosystematics Research Institute, Ottawa, 1977. 182 p. Price: Canada $3.50, other countries $4.20 (Canadian funds). Cat. No. A42-42/1977 -1. Partie 1. R6colte, prdparation et conservation des Insectes, des Acariens et des Araign6es, compil6 par J.E.H. Martin, Institut de recherches biosyst6- matiques, Ottawa, 1983.