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Local Comprehensive Beach Management Plan City of Isle of Palms, South Carolina

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Local Comprehensive Beach Management Plan City of Isle of Palms, South Carolina Local Comprehensive Beach Management Plan City of Isle of Palms, South Carolina Local Adoption - February 22, 2008 State Approval – April 7, 2008 Blue Wave® April 7, 2008 Cover Photo Credits: Lower left photo by Barbara Bergwerf; other photos by Chris Jones. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Local Comprehensive Beach Management Plan ............................................................. 1 1.1.1. Purpose ................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2. History..................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.3. Goals....................................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Description of Isle of Palms............................................................................................. 3 1.2.1. Local History and Background............................................................................... 5 1.2.2. Storm History.......................................................................................................... 5 1.2.3. Population and Demographics ............................................................................... 9 1.2.4. Major Roads and Bridges ..................................................................................... 10 1.2.5. Land Use Patterns................................................................................................. 10 1.2.6. DHEC OCRM Shoreline Classification, Baseline and 40-Year Setback Line...... 12 1.3. Local Beach Management Issues................................................................................... 13 1.3.1. Prior Reports and Studies..................................................................................... 14 1.4. City Beach Management Policies .................................................................................. 18 2. Inventory of Existing Conditions....................................................................................... 18 2.1. The Isle of Palms Beach ................................................................................................ 18 2.1.1. Beach Characteristics........................................................................................... 18 2.1.2. Shoreline Change.................................................................................................. 23 2.1.3. Erosion Rates........................................................................................................ 23 2.1.4. Tidal Inlet Effects.................................................................................................. 25 2.1.5. Sediment Budgets.................................................................................................. 29 2.1.6. Beach Use and Safety............................................................................................ 29 2.2. Benefits and Value of Beach.......................................................................................... 30 2.3. Beachfront Development ............................................................................................... 31 2.4. Land Use ........................................................................................................................ 32 2.5. Natural Resources and Ecological Habitats................................................................... 34 2.5.1. Threatened and Endangered Species.................................................................... 35 2.6. Existing Public Access and Map.................................................................................... 37 2.7. Beachfront Structural Inventory and Map ..................................................................... 48 2.8. Beachfront Drainage ...................................................................................................... 48 3. Erosion Control and Management.................................................................................... 49 3.1. Discussion of Erosion Control Alternatives .................................................................. 50 3.1.1. Emergency Protective Measures........................................................................... 50 3.1.2. Beach Renourishment ........................................................................................... 50 3.1.3. Other Measures..................................................................................................... 51 4. Beach Management and Authorities................................................................................. 51 4.1. Public Trust Doctrine..................................................................................................... 51 4.2. Agencies and Jurisdiction .............................................................................................. 52 4.2.1. Federal.................................................................................................................. 52 i April 7, 2008 4.2.2. State....................................................................................................................... 54 4.2.3. City........................................................................................................................ 56 4.3. City Regulation and Management ................................................................................. 56 4.3.1. City Comprehensive Plan ..................................................................................... 56 4.3.2. Land Use, Development and Zoning..................................................................... 56 4.3.3. Beach Management............................................................................................... 59 4.3.4. Hazard Mitigation Plan ........................................................................................ 61 4.3.5. Stormwater Management Plan ............................................................................. 61 4.3.6. Floodplain Management....................................................................................... 61 4.4. Local Enforcement......................................................................................................... 62 4.5. Public Outreach and Education...................................................................................... 62 5. Shoreline Retreat Policy..................................................................................................... 62 5.1. State Mandated Beachfront Setback .............................................................................. 62 5.2. City-Mandated Beachfront Setback and Protection Regulations................................... 64 6. Disaster Recovery and Mitigation..................................................................................... 64 6.1. Preparedness and Evacuation......................................................................................... 64 6.2. Response and Recovery................................................................................................. 65 6.3. Mitigation....................................................................................................................... 67 7. Beach Management Needs, Goals, and Implementation Strategy ................................. 68 7.1. Strategy for achieving goals of State 40-Year Retreat Policy ....................................... 68 7.2. Strategy for preserving and enhancing public beach access.......................................... 69 8. City Beach Management Policies ...................................................................................... 69 9. References............................................................................................................................ 70 10. Appendices (Overlay Maps, Structure Inventories and Beach Access Inventories) .... 74 ii April 7, 2008 1. Introduction 1.1. Local Comprehensive Beach Management Plan In accordance with the State Beachfront Management Act, the City of Isle of Palms has prepared this local comprehensive beach management plan in coordination with the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control’s Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (DHEC OCRM). The City’s local comprehensive beach management plan represents considerable effort, inventory, and deliberation on the part of the City, and establishes a strategy for the management of the Isle of Palms beach for the sustainable enjoyment by residents and visitors. This local beach management plan is intended for incorporation into the State Beachfront Management Plan in accordance with the provisions of the State Beachfront Management Act. The State Beachfront Management Act became law in 1988 with revisions in 1990 and is intended to protect both life and property, protect unique ecological habitats, and preserve the beach for future use by all citizens of South Carolina. The Act addresses preservation of a dry- sand beach, public access opportunities, measures for renourishment on eroding beaches, and the protection of natural vegetation within the beach and dune system. The Act rejects the construction of new erosion control devices and adopts retreat and renourishment as the basic state policy for preserving and restoring oceanfront beaches in South Carolina. The
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