DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study of Luo Yin's Writings of Slandering Shiwei Zhou a Thesis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study of Luo Yin's Writings of Slandering Shiwei Zhou a Thesis Understanding “Slandering”: A Study of Luo Yin’s Writings of Slandering Shiwei Zhou A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Washington 2020 Committee: Ping Wang William G. Boltz Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Asian Languages and Literature ©Copyright 2020 Shiwei Zhou 2 University of Washington Abstract Understanding “Slandering”: A Study of Luo Yin’s Writings of Slandering Shiwei Zhou Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Ping Wang Department of Asian Languages and Literature This thesis is an attempt to study a collection of fifty-eight short essays-Writings of Slandering- written and compiled by the late Tang scholar Luo Yin. The research questions are who are slandered, why are the targets slandered, and how. The answering of the questions will primarily rely on textual studies, accompanied by an exploration of the tradition of “slandering” in the literati’s world, as well as a look at Luo Yin’s career and experience as a persistent imperial exam taker. The project will advance accordingly: In the introduction, I will examine the concept of “slandering” in terms of how the Chinese literati associate themselves with it and the implications of slandering or being slandered. Also, I will try to explain how Luo Yin fits into the picture. Chapter two will focus on the studies of the historical background of the mid-to-late Tang period and the themes of the essays. Specifically, it will spell out the individuals, the group of people, and the political and social phenomenon slandered in the essays. Then, it will analyze the significance of the targets and Luo’s sentiments towards them. Chapter three will tackle the problem of “How did Luo slander?” from two perspectives. It will discuss the great variety of the prose genres Luo adopted in the fifty-eight essays, with special attention to his efforts to model the ancient-style literary genres and make innovative adaptations. Also, I will study the literary styles and metaphors that the author took to display his erudition and writing skills. Finally, the project will conclude with the answers to the research questions raised around “slandering” and shed light on the literary status and significance of the Writings of Slandering as well as Luo Yin. 3 Acknowledgement I am grateful to Professor WANG Ping and Professor William G. BOLTZ at the University of Washington, for their invaluable advice and patient guidance, and Dr. Ian CHAPMAN from the East Asia Library, for providing valuable information and resource for my research during the time of semi-quarantine. Also, it would not be possible for me to complete the thesis without the support of the Department of Asian Languages and Literature as well as Maurice D. and Lois M. Schwartz, who generously granted me the fellowship. I am truly blessed to have parents who have always encouraged me to pursue my career. My gratitude goes to friends as well. At dawns and dusks, my sister-like friend HU Xi accompanied me through writer’s blocks and personal ups and downs. HE Ling, whose friendship I have cherished for the last sixteen years, searched for rare-edition books for me from my faraway homeland. It has been a time of hardships, for me and all. Still, dark days pass. To the ones who care for me, I am much obliged. 4 Table of Contents I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................6 II. On “The Slandered”-Analyses of Themes ...............................................................................30 II.1 An Overview of the Political and Social Environment during the Mid-to-late Tang Dynasty............30 II.2 On the Authorities......................................................................................................................46 II.3 On Society and Time..................................................................................................................64 III. On the Slandering Devices-Analyses of Prose Genres and Rhetorical Devices......................76 III.1 On the Prose Genres..................................................................................................................76 III.2 One the Rhetorical Devices......................................................................................................103 Ⅳ. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................119 Bibliography................................................................................................................................131 5 INTRODUCTION The Classical Chinese literature of over two thousand years has primarily represented a history of the ups and downs of the Chinese literati, as a group as well as individuals. Since the Spring and Autumn period, the emergence of the shi ⼠ group had introduced opportunities to establish oneself and one’s words for those who were socially less privileged, those who fell out of the high aristocracy. For thousands of years, the Chinese literati, though often respected, were deprived of almost all means but fortunately endowed with the most potent tool-writing-to express themselves. The writings were by no means merely personal; instead, the messages to be and being delivered revealed so much. If we venture to understand the politics, the society, the well-being of all people, from the emperor to a peasant, one of the most effective ways, if not the only way, is to read the writings of the literati. That said, one can never expect the reading to be an easy task. The intentional and unintentional abstruseness consisted of the beauty and elegance of the writings. More importantly, the Chinese literati, as one of the most sophisticated groups of people, had no simple minds. The deciphering of the texts thus requires a careful reading of the minds of the literati. It calls for the understanding of their experience, mindset, value system, collectively and individually. Moreover, we should never ignore the tradition they inherited and followed as writers. One universal tradition had been set up since the official establishment of the Confucian school in the Han 漢 dynasty. The fundamental moral principles in Confucianism-the Five Relationships (wu lun 五倫) had penetrated deep into every aspect of the lives of the Han Chinese. For the literati, the first and foremost concern was the appropriate handling of the relationship between the lord (jun 君) and the vassal (chen 臣). The scope, after Confucius’s time, extended to apply to the ruler and the officials broadly. Whether one was holding a position at court as high as the Grand Councilor or as low as a clerk, he was to submit himself to the ruler with no resistance or even a slight hesitance. The golden rule in the Analects (Lun yu 論語) that “a lord should behave like a lord; a vassal should behave like a vassal” applied not only to those who fortunately held a 6 government post but also those who ambitiously pursued a career as a government official.1 When the imperial examination was set up, millions of exam takers, although not yet employed, consciously behaved as officials-to-be. The most efficient tool for them to speak to the authorities, or even the “Son of Heaven” (Tianzi 天⼦), as part of their duties, was no other than writing. The protagonist of this thesis-Luo Yin 羅隱 (833-910 C.E.) fell into the category of traditional Chinese scholars. His masterwork Writings of Slandering (Chan shu 讒書) was an excellent reflection and representation of an exam taker’s efforts to be a future chen. The prominent late Tang 唐 scholar Luo Yin, style-named Zhaojian 昭諫, was a native of Xindeng 新登 County of Yuhang 餘杭 Prefecture, located in what is now modern Hangzhou 杭州 of Zhejiang 浙江 Province. He was born in the seventh year of Dahe ⼤和 reign and lived through the end of the Tang dynasty.2 Luo passed away in the third year of the Kaiyuan 開元 reign of the Later Liang 後 梁 dynasty, at seventy-seven years old. As a passionate young scholar, Luo started his challenging and frustrating career as an imperial exam taker at the age of twenty-eight. Though talented and persistent, he failed the exam six times.3 Despite that he was excellent in composing poetry, Luo 1The famous quote comes from the chapter “Yan Yuan” 顏淵: 齊景公問政於孔⼦。孔⼦對曰：“君君，臣臣，⽗⽗，⼦⼦。” Lord Jing of Qi inquired of Confucius about the government. Confucius replied, saying: “A lord should behave like a lord; a vassal should behave like a vassal; a father should behave like a father; a son should behave like a son.” See He Yan 何晏 (d. 249 C.E.) comm., Lun yu ji jie 論語集解, Sibu congkan 四部叢刊, 6.17a-b 2 Dahe was the name of Emperor Wenzong’s ⽂宗 (809-840 C.E.) reign. The seventh year was 833. The Tang dynasty ended in 907. 3 There have been debates on how many times Luo Yin failed the imperial exams. In The Supplements to the History of the Five Dynasties (Wudai shi bu 五代史補), the account was six times: 羅隱在科場恃才傲物，尤為公卿所惡，故六舉不第。 Luo Yin was arrogant and insolent because of his talents. He was especially hated by the aristocrats. Therefore, he failed the imperial examination six times. In The Complete History of Wuyue (Wuyue bei shi 吳越備史), the account was ten times: 凡⼗上不中第。 For the ten times that he took the imperial exam, he did not pass for one single time. 7 failed to attain an official post at the Tang government. The cause of the failure was probably more complicated than his unsuccessful attempts at the exams. It was a time of discord and corruption, where people suffered from wars and starvation. “The juniors of the powerful families made toasts and got drunk incessantly, while six or seven out of ten of the talented young scholars from the humble families were deprecated.”4 Hence, “when the result came out, the names on the list were all the juniors from the powerful and wealthy families.” 5 He was, like many others who lacked aristocratic backgrounds, “pushed aside by the young nobles.”6 More likely, he was disliked or might even have been banned by the authorities for his acrimonious writings. In a time of peace and order, one expects lauds, while in a time of turmoil, the writings could be pungent and bitter.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Textiles of the Han Dynasty & Their Relationship with Society
    The Textiles of the Han Dynasty & Their Relationship with Society Heather Langford Theses submitted for the degree of Master of Arts Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Centre of Asian Studies University of Adelaide May 2009 ii Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the research requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Centre of Asian Studies School of Humanities and Social Sciences Adelaide University 2009 iii Table of Contents 1. Introduction.........................................................................................1 1.1. Literature Review..............................................................................13 1.2. Chapter summary ..............................................................................17 1.3. Conclusion ........................................................................................19 2. Background .......................................................................................20 2.1. Pre Han History.................................................................................20 2.2. Qin Dynasty ......................................................................................24 2.3. The Han Dynasty...............................................................................25 2.3.1. Trade with the West............................................................................. 30 2.4. Conclusion ........................................................................................32 3. Textiles and Technology....................................................................33
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary China: a Book List
    PRINCETON UNIVERSITY: Woodrow Wilson School, Politics Department, East Asian Studies Program CONTEMPORARY CHINA: A BOOK LIST by Lubna Malik and Lynn White Winter 2007-2008 Edition This list is available on the web at: http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinabib.pdf which can be viewed and printed with an Adobe Acrobat Reader. Variation of font sizes may cause pagination to differ slightly in the web and paper editions. No list of books can be totally up-to-date. Please surf to find further items. Also consult http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinawebs.doc for clicable URLs. This list of items in English has several purposes: --to help advise students' course essays, junior papers, policy workshops, and senior theses about contemporary China; --to supplement the required reading lists of courses on "Chinese Development" and "Chinese Politics," for which students may find books to review in this list; --to provide graduate students with a list that may suggest books for paper topics and may slightly help their study for exams in Chinese politics; a few of the compiler's favorite books are starred on the list, but not much should be made of this because such books may be old or the subjects may not meet present interests; --to supplement a bibliography of all Asian serials in the Princeton Libraries that was compiled long ago by Frances Chen and Maureen Donovan; many of these are now available on the web,e.g., from “J-Stor”; --to suggest to book selectors in the Princeton libraries items that are suitable for acquisition; to provide a computerized list on which researchers can search for keywords of interests; and to provide a resource that many teachers at various other universities have also used.
    [Show full text]
  • Armed Communities and Military Resources in Late Medieval China (880-936) Maddalena Barenghi Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
    e-ISSN 2385-3042 Annali di Ca’ Foscari. Serie orientale Vol. 57 – Giugno 2021 North of Dai: Armed Communities and Military Resources in Late Medieval China (880-936) Maddalena Barenghi Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia Abstract This article discusses various aspects of the formation of the Shatuo as a complex constitutional process from armed mercenary community to state found- ers in the waning years of Tang rule and the early tenth century period (880-936). The work focuses on the territorial, economic, and military aspects of the process, such as the strategies to secure control over resources and the constitution of elite privileges through symbolic kinship ties. Even as the region north of the Yanmen Pass (Daibei) remained an important pool of recruits for the Shatuo well into the tenth century, the Shatuo leaders struggled to secure control of their core manpower, progressively moving away from their military base of support, or losing it to their competitors. Keywords Shatuo. Tang-Song transition. Frontier clients. Daibei. Khitan-led Liao. Summary 1 Introduction. – 2 Geography of the Borderland and Migrant Forces. – 3 Feeding the Troops: Authority and the Control of Military Resources. – 4 Li Keyong’s Client Army: Daibei in the Aftermath of the Datong Military Insurrection (883-936). – 5 Concluding Remarks. Peer review Submitted 2021-01-14 Edizioni Accepted 2021-04-22 Ca’Foscari Published 2021-06-30 Open access © 2021 | cb Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License Citation Barenghi, M. (2021). “North of Dai: Armed Communities and Mili- tary Resources in Late Medieval China (880-936)”. Annali di Ca’ Foscari.
    [Show full text]
  • Historiography and Narratives of the Later Tang (923-936) and Later Jin (936-947) Dynasties in Tenth- to Eleventh- Century Sources
    Historiography and Narratives of the Later Tang (923-936) and Later Jin (936-947) Dynasties in Tenth- to Eleventh- century Sources Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie an der Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München vorgelegt von Maddalena Barenghi Aus Mailand 2014 Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Hans van Ess Zweitgutachter: Prof. Tiziana Lippiello Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: 31.03.2014 ABSTRACT Historiography and Narratives of the Later Tang (923-36) and Later Jin (936-47) Dynasties in Tenth- to Eleventh-century Sources Maddalena Barenghi This thesis deals with historical narratives of two of the Northern regimes of the tenth-century Five Dynasties period. By focusing on the history writing project commissioned by the Later Tang (923-936) court, it first aims at questioning how early-tenth-century contemporaries narrated some of the major events as they unfolded after the fall of the Tang (618-907). Second, it shows how both late- tenth-century historiographical agencies and eleventh-century historians perceived and enhanced these historical narratives. Through an analysis of selected cases the thesis attempts to show how, using the same source material, later historians enhanced early-tenth-century narratives in order to tell different stories. The five cases examined offer fertile ground for inquiry into how the different sources dealt with narratives on the rise and fall of the Shatuo Later Tang and Later Jin (936- 947). It will be argued that divergent narrative details are employed both to depict in different ways the characters involved and to establish hierarchies among the historical agents. Table of Contents List of Rulers ............................................................................................................ ii Aknowledgements ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Jiyuan: Landscape, Inscriptions and the Past
    Jiyuan: landscape, inscriptions and the past Barend J. ter Haar (Oxford University) With the support of the SSHRC a small group of scholars and graduate students went to Jiyuan 濟源, in western Henan, to collect inscriptions. The group was certainly successful, both in obtaining better versions of inscriptions that we already knew about and collecting a wealth of inscriptions whose existence had gone unnoticed even by the local staff of the Cultural Affairs Bureau. Our principal purpose was collecting inscriptions on and in the Temple of River Ji (jidu miao 濟瀆廟) and on the Daoist sites of Wangwu Mountain 王屋山. I focus here on doing research and the importance of imagining the past, rather than more concrete (and hopefully original) analytical results. To me thinking through the problem of imagining the past and the wonderful conversations with colleagues, students and local people —as well as some 200 or so late sixteenth century votive inscriptions containing names, places and amounts of the donations—were the most important results of our expedition. Since this kind of experience is rarely preserved, but remains part of our oral lore destined for direct colleagues, local student and relatives, I thought should write down some of my impressions during and after this visit, organized topically. The field team (photograph by Liu Jie) Our lost sense of historical distances and physical effort In terms of modern transport, the city of Jiyuan and its surroundings can no longer be considered peripheral. One can fly into Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou from most major airports in the world. From there one changes planes to Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan province, and a further bus or taxi drive of several hours brings one safely to any hotel in Jiyuan.
    [Show full text]
  • Interpretations of the Phenomenon of the Honey- Trap Culture Interpretation of Xi Shi and Diao Chan Yanhai Bao1,*
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 537 Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Language, Communication and Culture Studies (ICLCCS 2020) Interpretations of the Phenomenon of the Honey- Trap Culture Interpretation of Xi Shi and Diao Chan Yanhai Bao1,* 1Shandong Social Science Popularization Education Base, Yantai Nanshan University, Yantai, Shandong 265713, China *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT In the patriarchal society of ancient China, women were subordinate to men. Men sacrifice women to achieve their goals. Xi Shi in Huansha Ji and Diao Chan in Romance of the Three Kingdoms are the injured women in the Honey-trap. The reasons, process and results of the use of the Honey-trap well explain the cultural connotation. Keywords: Honey-trap, woman, victim taking advantage of men's sexual desire. Women I. INTRODUCTION are materialized and used as tools."[2]P91 In the sixth set of Defeat Stratagem of The Art The reasons, process and results of the use of of War of Sun Tzu and Thirty-six stratagems, the Honey-trap are discussed, and the role of Honey- thirty-first stratagem is Honey-trap, and it says:" If trap in ancient political struggle and war are the opponents are strong, attack their general; if the analyzed, taking the "Xi Shi Stratagem" in the opponents are wise, attack their feelings. When the legend of the Ming Dynasty Huansha Ji and the weak soldiers decay, their strength will "Diao Chan Stratagem" in the novel "Romance of P407 wither."[1] This strategy appears in the Defeat the Three Kingdoms" as examples.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared
    Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared by the University of Washington Quantum System Engineering (QSE) Group.1 Bibliography [1] Mu A-Hua, Zhou Shao-Lei, and Yu Xiao-Li. Research on fast self-adaptive genetic algorithm and its simulation. Journal of System Simulation, 16(1):122 – 5, 2004. [2] Guan Ai-Jie, Yu Da-Tai, Wang Yun-Ji, An Yue-Sheng, and Lan Rong-Qin. Simulation of recon-sat reconing process and evaluation of reconing effect. Journal of System Simulation, 16(10):2261 – 3, 2004. [3] Hao Ai-Min, Pang Guo-Feng, and Ji Yu-Chun. Study and implementation for fidelity of air roaming system above the virtual mount qomolangma. Journal of System Simulation, 12(4):356 – 9, 2000. [4] Sui Ai-Na, Wu Wei, and Zhao Qin-Ping. The analysis of the theory and technology on virtual assembly and virtual prototype. Journal of System Simulation, 12(4):386 – 8, 2000. [5] Xu An, Fan Xiu-Min, Hong Xin, Cheng Jian, and Huang Wei-Dong. Research and development on interactive simulation system for astronauts walking in the outer space. Journal of System Simulation, 16(9):1953 – 6, Sept. 2004. [6] Zhang An and Zhang Yao-Zhong. Study on effectiveness top analysis of group air-to-ground aviation weapon system. Journal of System Simulation, 14(9):1225 – 8, Sept. 2002. [7] Zhang An, He Sheng-Qiang, and Lv Ming-Qiang. Modeling simulation of group air-to-ground attack-defense confrontation system. Journal of System Simulation, 16(6):1245 – 8, 2004. [8] Wu An-Bo, Wang Jian-Hua, Geng Ying-San, and Wang Xiao-Feng.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise of Agricultural Civilization in China: the Disparity Between Archeological Discovery and the Documentary Record and Its Explanation
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 175 December, 2006 The Rise of Agricultural Civilization in China: The Disparity between Archeological Discovery and the Documentary Record and Its Explanation by Zhou Jixu Center for East Asian Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chinese Department, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • True Model of a Natural Chan Practitioner
    NCOUNTERS with Master E Ⅹ Sheng Yen Encounters with Master Sheng Yen Ⅹ Pocket Guides to Buddhist Wisdom E-26 Publisher: Dharma Drum Mountain Culture and Educational Foundation 5F., No. 186, Gongguan Rd., Beitou District Taipei City 112-44, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-2893-4646 Fax: 886-2-2896-0731 www.ddm.org.tw Speakers: Du Zhengmin, Ding Min, Shan Te-hsing Editorial & Production: Cultural Center, Dharma Drum Mountain Revision: International Translation Office ISBN: 978-986-96684-4-6 1st Edition: March 2019 Preface o share with the public the thoughts and life experiences Tof Dharma Drum Mountain founder Master Sheng Yen (also known as Shifu, meaning “Master”), the Sheng Yen Education Foundation embarked on a series of talks beginning in September of 2009. Fifty-two talks were given at the Sheng Yen Lecture Hall (located in the official residence where Master Sheng Yen lived in his final years). The talks were titled A Living Example, Countless Teachings— Encounters with Master Sheng Yen and we invited all his monastic and lay disciples to share with us their stories about Shifu, how he taught them through his living example and words. Listening to these speakers’ personal accounts of the interactions between teacher and student allowed the audience to commemorate Master Sheng Yen’s journey, and once again hear his gracious teachings. The talks include stories of Master Sheng Yen’s everyday life, how he would give detailed guidance to his disciples regarding their speech and actions. There are also accounts of his travels to share the Buddhadharma locally and overseas, reaching out to the public, and teaching them skillfully and flexibly based on the existing circumstances.
    [Show full text]
  • View Sample Pages
    This Book Is Dedicated to the Memory of John Knoblock 未敗墨子道 雖然歌而非歌哭而非哭樂而非樂 是果類乎 I would not fault the Way of Master Mo. And yet if you sang he condemned singing, if you cried he condemned crying, and if you made music he condemned music. What sort was he after all? —Zhuangzi, “In the World” A publication of the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley. Although the institute is responsible for the selection and acceptance of manuscripts in this series, responsibility for the opinions expressed and for the accuracy of statements rests with their authors. The China Research Monograph series is one of the several publication series sponsored by the Institute of East Asian Studies in conjunction with its constituent units. The others include the Japan Research Monograph series, the Korea Research Monograph series, and the Research Papers and Policy Studies series. Send correspondence and manuscripts to Katherine Lawn Chouta, Managing Editor Institute of East Asian Studies 2223 Fulton Street, 6th Floor Berkeley, CA 94720-2318 [email protected] Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mo, Di, fl. 400 B.C. [Mozi. English. Selections] Mozi : a study and translation of the ethical and political writings / by John Knoblock and Jeffrey Riegel. pages cm. -- (China research monograph ; 68) English and Chinese. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-55729-103-9 (alk. paper) 1. Mo, Di, fl. 400 B.C. Mozi. I. Knoblock, John, translator, writer of added commentary. II. Riegel, Jeffrey K., 1945- translator, writer of added commentary. III. Title. B128.M79E5 2013 181'.115--dc23 2013001574 Copyright © 2013 by the Regents of the University of California.
    [Show full text]
  • Cao Chong Weighs an Elephant Table of Contents
    Teaching Activity Guide Cao Chong Weighs an Elephant Table of Contents 3 How to Use This Activity Guide (General) 4 What Do Children Already Know? 5 Pre-Reading Questions 5 Comprehension Questions & Writing Prompts 6 Observation Skills: Art Scavenger Hunt 7 Cross-Curricular Vocabulary Activities 8 Word Bank 9 Cross-Curricular Silly Sentences 10 Language Arts: Sequence Sentence Strips 12 Science Journal (Vocabulary) 16 Tools and Technology 17 Math: Measuring (compare & contrast) 19 Map Activity 21 Coloring Pages 24 Answers 25 Appendix A—“What Children Know” Cards 26 Appendix B—Asia Map 27 Appendix C—World Map Copyright 2017 © Arbordale Publishing These activities may be copied for personal and non-commercial use in educational settings. www.ArbordalePublishing.com Arbordale Publishing by Songju Ma Daemicke Mt. Pleasant, SC 29464 illustrated by Christina Wald How to Use This Activity Guide (General) There are a wide variety of activities that teach or supplement all curricular areas. The activities are easily adapted up or down depending on the age and abilities of the children involved. And, it is easy to pick and choose what is appropriate for your setting and the time involved. Most activities can be done with an individual child or a group of children. For teachers in the classroom: We understand that time is at a premium and that, especially in the early grades, much time is spent teaching language arts. All Arbordale titles are specifically selected and developed to get children excited about learning other subjects (science, geography, social studies, math, etc.) while reading (or being read to). These activities are designed to be as comprehensive and cross- curricular as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • The Birth of Chinese Feminism Columbia & Ko, Eds
    & liu e-yin zHen (1886–1920?) was a theo- ko Hrist who figured centrally in the birth , karl of Chinese feminism. Unlike her contem- , poraries, she was concerned less with China’s eds fate as a nation and more with the relation- . , ship among patriarchy, imperialism, capi- talism, and gender subjugation as global historical problems. This volume, the first translation and study of He-Yin’s work in English, critically reconstructs early twenti- eth-century Chinese feminist thought in a transnational context by juxtaposing He-Yin The Bir Zhen’s writing against works by two better- known male interlocutors of her time. The editors begin with a detailed analysis of He-Yin Zhen’s life and thought. They then present annotated translations of six of her major essays, as well as two foundational “The Birth of Chinese Feminism not only sheds light T on the unique vision of a remarkable turn-of- tracts by her male contemporaries, Jin h of Chinese the century radical thinker but also, in so Tianhe (1874–1947) and Liang Qichao doing, provides a fresh lens through which to (1873–1929), to which He-Yin’s work examine one of the most fascinating and com- responds and with which it engages. Jin, a poet and educator, and Liang, a philosopher e plex junctures in modern Chinese history.” Theory in Transnational ssential Texts Amy— Dooling, author of Women’s Literary and journalist, understood feminism as a Feminism in Twentieth-Century China paternalistic cause that liberals like them- selves should defend. He-Yin presents an “This magnificent volume opens up a past and alternative conception that draws upon anar- conjures a future.
    [Show full text]