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FINAL REPORT: Evaluation of the Local Governance and Infrastructure Program
FINAL REPORT: Evaluation of the Local Governance and Infrastructure Program An evaluation of the effect of LGI's local government initiatives on institutional development and participatory governance Pablo Beramendi, Soomin Oh, Erik Wibbels July 24, 2018 AAID Research LabDATA at William & Mary Author Information Pablo Beramendi Professor of Political Science and DevLab@Duke Soomin Oh PhD Student and DevLab@Duke Erik Wibbels Professor of Political Science and DevLab@Duke The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be attributed to AidData or funders of AidData’s work, nor do they necessarily reflect the views of any of the many institutions or individuals acknowledged here. Citation Beramendi, P., Soomin, O, & Wibbels, E. (2018). LGI Final Report. Williamsburg, VA: AidData at William & Mary. Acknowledgments This evaluation was funded by USAID/West Bank and Gaza through a buy-in to a cooperative agreement (AID-OAA-A-12-00096) between USAID's Global Development Lab and AidData at the College of William and Mary under the Higher Education Solutions Network (HESN) Program. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Tayseer Edeas, Reem Jafari, and their colleagues at USAID/West Bank and Gaza, and of Manal Warrad, Safa Noreen, Samar Ala' El-Deen, and all of the excellent people at Jerusalem Media and Communication Centre. Contents 1 Executive Summary 1 1.1 Key Findings . .1 1.2 Policy Recommendations . .2 2 Introduction 3 3 Background 4 4 Research design 5 4.1 Matching . .6 4.1.1 Survey Design and Sampling . .8 4.1.2 World Bank/USAID LPGA Surveys . -
Settler Violence in the West Bank, Including East Jerusalem October 2013
Update on Settler Violence in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem October 2013 This update is issued by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) as coordinator of the Protection Cluster in the occupied Palestinian territory. It has been jointly prepared by members of the Protection Cluster Working Group in the West Bank, including JLAC, MDM-France, NRC, OCHA, PU-AMI, UNICEF, UNRWA and Yesh Din, and also draws upon information from FAO and the Food Security Sector. Violence by Israeli settlers against Palestinians and the property in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, remains a key issue of protection concern for the humanitarian community. This ad hoc update provides an overview of ongoing protection concerns related to settler violence, highlighting in particular the lack of law enforcement and accountability by Israeli authorities. 1. Introduction and legal framework Violence by Israeli settlers against Palestinians and their property is directly linked to the existence and expansion of illegal Israeli settlements in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Since 1967, Israel has established an estimated 150 settlements in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, in addition to some 100 “outposts” erected by settlers in contravention of Israeli law.1 The expansion of settlements continues: during the first three months of 2013, the construction of 865 settlement housing units commenced in the West Bank, excluding East Jerusalem, marking a 355% increase compared to the last quarter of 2012.2 The estimated settler population in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem ranges between 500,000 and 650,000, and has almost tripled in the 20 years since the Oslo accords were signed in 1993.3 The establishment and expansion of Israeli settlements in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, violate Article 49 of the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibits the transfer of parts of the Occupying Power’s own civilian population into territory it occupies. -
Nablus 3 Cluster Closures Jenin ‚ Checkpoint
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs October 2005 Closed Villages Project - Villages isolated from their natural centers Palestinians without permits (the large majority of the population) Nablus 3 cluster Closures Jenin ¬Ç Checkpoint ## Tulkarm Prior to the year 2000, villagers had direct access Earthmound into Nablus. In 2005, an earthmound prohibits ¬Ç Nablus access directly from Beit Dajan and all access must Partial Checkpoint Qalqiliya go through Beit Furik checkpoint D Road Gate Salfit Village Population /" Roadblock Beit Dajan 3696 Ramallah/Al Bireh Beit Furik 10714 º¹P Under / Overpass Jericho Khirbet Tana N/A Constructed Barrier Jerusalem Total Population: 14410 Projected Barrier Bethlehem Under Construction Hebron Prohibited Roads Partially ProhibitedTubas Restricted Use Comparing situations Pre-Intifada Totally Prohibited ## and August 2005 Tubas Burqa Localities 45 Closed Villages Year 2000 Yasid August 2005 Beit Imrin Palestinian localities Natural center Nisf Jubeil Access routes Sabastiya Ijnisinya Road used today 290 # 358#20Shave Shomeron Road prior to Intifada ¬Ç An Naqura 287 ## 389 'Asira ash Shamaliya 294 # 293 # ## ## 288¬Ç beit iba 'Asira ash Shamaliya /" Qusin Travel Time (min) 271 D 270Ç SARRA Nablus D ¬ Sarra Sarra Sarra D Sarra ¬Ç At Tur 279 beit furik cp the of part the 265 D ÇÇ 297 Tell ¬¬ delimitation the concerning # Tell # 269 ## ## 296## 268 ## # Beit Dajan 266#267 ## awarta commercial cp ¬Ç Closed village cluster ¬Ç huwwara Nablus 3 ## Closure mapping is a work in Beit Furik progress. Closure data is collected by OCHA field staff and is subject to change. ## Maps will be updated regularly. Cartography: OCHA Humanitarian Information Centre - October 2005 Base data: 03612 O C H A O C H OCHA update August 2005 For comments contact <[email protected]> Tel. -
Reaping with Sorrow: a Summary of the 2019 Olive Harvest the Connection to the Land Is an Inseparable Part of Both the Personal
Reaping with sorrow: A summary of the 2019 Olive Harvest The connection to the land is an inseparable part of both the personal and collective identity of Palestinian farmers in the West Bank. Among the various types of agricultural cultivation, olive growing is particularly meaningful, so much so that the olive tree, the fruit it bears, its foliage, and its branches have become a true national symbol. The olive harvest is also economically important. Olives are a major source of income for many farming families in the West Bank, and olive growing is an important element of the Palestinian economy. Over the years of Israeli occupation and settlement in the Gaza Strip, this tradition has come under increasing attack, whether as a result of direct violence perpetrated by soldiers or settlers, or as an outcome of the Israeli imposed coordination mechanism in the West Bank. In many areas, Palestinians are now barred from working their land without first coordinating access with the military. The District Coordination Offices (DCOs) are responsible for this coordination, and the system is ostensibly meant to protect Palestinian farmers from Israeli civilians who seek to disrupt the harvest and prevent them from working their land. It also forms part of the security arrangements for settlements and illegal outposts. In practice, the coordination system has limited Palestinian farming to several days during plowing and harvesting seasons. Testimonies collected by Yesh Din indicate the Israeli military and the State of Israel fail to meet their -
Protection of Civilians Reporting Period: 21 March– 3 April 2017 Biweekly Highlights
Protection of Civilians Reporting Period: 21 March– 3 April 2017 Latest developments from 6 April - The de facto authorities in the Gaza Strip executed three Palestinian men convicted of “collaboration with Israel”, according to media reports. - The Ministry of Interior in the Gaza Strip announced the lifting of all access restrictions in place since 26 March. - A Palestinian man run his vehicle on a bus stop next to Ofra settlement (Ramallah), killing an Israeli soldier and injuring another, and was subsequently detained, according to media reports. Biweekly highlights Three stabbing attacks resulted in the killing of the two Palestinians and the injury of four Israelis. On 29 March, a 49-year-old Palestinian woman, who allegedly attempted to stab an Israeli border policeman in the Old City of Jerusalem, was shot and killed; no Israeli injuries were reported and the Israeli authorities have launched an investigation into the incident. Also in the Old City, on 1 April, a 17-year-oldPalestinian boy stabbed and injured an Israeli policeman and two Israeli youths and was subsequently shot and killed. On 27 March, a Palestinian youth from the town of Halhul (Hebron) stabbed and injured an Israeli woman in the city of Lod in Israel, and was later arrested, according to Israeli sources.This brings the number of Palestinians killed by Israeli forces in attacks and alleged attacks since the beginning of 2017 to12. Another two Palestinian boys were killed by Israeli forces in two separate incidents near Ramallah and east of Rafah (Gaza). On 17 March, Israeli forces shot and killed a 17-year-old Palestinian boy, and injured another three boys, near a military watchtower next to Al Jalazun Refugee Camp; according to Israeli military sources, the shooting took place in response to the throwing of firebombs towards Beit El settlement, with no injuries or damage reported. -
November 2014 Al-Malih Shaqed Kh
Salem Zabubah Ram-Onn Rummanah The West Bank Ta'nak Ga-Taybah Um al-Fahm Jalameh / Mqeibleh G Silat 'Arabunah Settlements and the Separation Barrier al-Harithiya al-Jalameh 'Anin a-Sa'aidah Bet She'an 'Arrana G 66 Deir Ghazala Faqqu'a Kh. Suruj 6 kh. Abu 'Anqar G Um a-Rihan al-Yamun ! Dahiyat Sabah Hinnanit al-Kheir Kh. 'Abdallah Dhaher Shahak I.Z Kfar Dan Mashru' Beit Qad Barghasha al-Yunis G November 2014 al-Malih Shaqed Kh. a-Sheikh al-'Araqah Barta'ah Sa'eed Tura / Dhaher al-Jamilat Um Qabub Turah al-Malih Beit Qad a-Sharqiyah Rehan al-Gharbiyah al-Hashimiyah Turah Arab al-Hamdun Kh. al-Muntar a-Sharqiyah Jenin a-Sharqiyah Nazlat a-Tarem Jalbun Kh. al-Muntar Kh. Mas'ud a-Sheikh Jenin R.C. A'ba al-Gharbiyah Um Dar Zeid Kafr Qud 'Wadi a-Dabi Deir Abu Da'if al-Khuljan Birqin Lebanon Dhaher G G Zabdah לבנון al-'Abed Zabdah/ QeiqisU Ya'bad G Akkabah Barta'ah/ Arab a-Suweitat The Rihan Kufeirit רמת Golan n 60 הגולן Heights Hadera Qaffin Kh. Sab'ein Um a-Tut n Imreihah Ya'bad/ a-Shuhada a a G e Mevo Dotan (Ganzour) n Maoz Zvi ! Jalqamus a Baka al-Gharbiyah r Hermesh Bir al-Basha al-Mutilla r e Mevo Dotan al-Mughayir e t GNazlat 'Isa Tannin i a-Nazlah G d Baqah al-Hafira e The a-Sharqiya Baka al-Gharbiyah/ a-Sharqiyah M n a-Nazlah Araba Nazlat ‘Isa Nazlat Qabatiya הגדה Westהמערבית e al-Wusta Kh. -
West Bank Barrier Route Projections July 2009
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs LEBANON SYRIA West Bank Barrier Route Projections July 2009 West Bank Gaza Strip JORDAN Barta'a ISRAEL ¥ EGYPT Area Affected r The Barrier’s total length is 709 km, more than e v i twice the length of the 1949 Armistice Line R n (Green Line) between the West Bank and Israel. W e s t B a n k a d r o The total area located between the Barrier J and the Green Line is 9.5 % of the West Bank, Qalqilya including East Jerusalem and No Man's Land. Qedumim Finger When completed, approximately 15% of the Barrier will be constructed on the Green Line or in Israel with 85 % inside the West Bank. Biddya Area Populations Affected Ari’el Finger If the Barrier is completed based on the current route: Az Zawiya Approximately 35,000 Palestinians holding Enclave West Bank ID cards in 34 communities will be located between the Barrier and the Green Line. The majority of Palestinians with East Kafr Aqab Jerusalem ID cards will reside between the Barrier and the Green Line. However, Bir Nabala Enclave Biddu Palestinian communities inside the current Area Shu'fat Camp municipal boundary, Kafr Aqab and Shu'fat No Man's Land Camp, are separated from East Jerusalem by the Barrier. Ma’ale Green Line Adumim Settlement Jerusalem Bloc Approximately 125,000 Palestinians will be surrounded by the Barrier on three sides. These comprise 28 communities; the Biddya and Biddu areas, and the city of Qalqilya. ISRAEL Approximately 26,000 Palestinians in 8 Gush a communities in the Az Zawiya and Bir Nabala Etzion e Enclaves will be surrounded on four sides Settlement S Bloc by the Barrier, with a tunnel or road d connection to the rest of the West Bank. -
Nablus Salfit Tubas Tulkarem
Iktaba Al 'Attara Siris Jaba' (Jenin) Tulkarem Kafr Rumman Silat adh DhahrAl Fandaqumiya Tubas Kashda 'Izbat Abu Khameis 'Anabta Bizzariya Khirbet Yarza 'Izbat al Khilal Burqa (Nablus) Kafr al Labad Yasid Kafa El Far'a Camp Al Hafasa Beit Imrin Ramin Ras al Far'a 'Izbat Shufa Al Mas'udiya Nisf Jubeil Wadi al Far'a Tammun Sabastiya Shufa Ijnisinya Talluza Khirbet 'Atuf An Naqura Saffarin Beit Lid Al Badhan Deir Sharaf Al 'Aqrabaniya Ar Ras 'Asira ash Shamaliya Kafr Sur Qusin Zawata Khirbet Tall al Ghar An Nassariya Beit Iba Shida wa Hamlan Kur 'Ein Beit el Ma Camp Beit Hasan Beit Wazan Ein Shibli Kafr ZibadKafr 'Abbush Al Juneid 'Azmut Kafr Qaddum Nablus 'Askar Camp Deir al Hatab Jit Sarra Salim Furush Beit Dajan Baqat al HatabHajja Tell 'Iraq Burin Balata Camp 'Izbat Abu Hamada Kafr Qallil Beit Dajan Al Funduq ImmatinFar'ata Rujeib Madama Burin Kafr Laqif Jinsafut Beit Furik 'Azzun 'Asira al Qibliya 'Awarta Yanun Wadi Qana 'Urif Khirbet Tana Kafr Thulth Huwwara Odala 'Einabus Ar Rajman Beita Zeita Jamma'in Ad Dawa Jafa an Nan Deir Istiya Jamma'in Sanniriya Qarawat Bani Hassan Aqraba Za'tara (Nablus) Osarin Kifl Haris Qira Biddya Haris Marda Tall al Khashaba Mas-ha Yasuf Yatma Sarta Dar Abu Basal Iskaka Qabalan Jurish 'Izbat Abu Adam Talfit Qusra Salfit As Sawiya Majdal Bani Fadil Rafat (Salfit) Khirbet Susa Al Lubban ash Sharqiya Bruqin Farkha Qaryut Jalud Kafr ad Dik Khirbet Qeis 'Ammuriya Khirbet Sarra Qarawat Bani Zeid (Bani Zeid al Gharb Duma Kafr 'Ein (Bani Zeid al Gharbi)Mazari' an Nubani (Bani Zeid qsh Shar Khirbet al Marajim 'Arura (Bani Zeid qsh Sharqiya) Bani Zeid 'Abwein (Bani Zeid ash Sharqiya) Sinjil Turmus'ayya. -
Palestine Chronology 1994
Palestine Chronology 1994 - 1995 1994 Jan. 1: King Hussein of Jordan, in speech to army officers, sets deadline for PLO-Jordan economic agreement, calling it a "last chance". "After that, let each side carry the responsibility on its own." Jan. 7: Jordan, PLO sign economic accord. Jordanian banks in the West Bank to reopen. - Israel releases 101 Palestinian pri-soners. Jan. 16: Clinton and Assad meet in Geneva. Assad says Syria is prepared to normalize relations with Israel in exchange for full withdrawal from the Golan Heights. Jan. 29-30: Peres, Arafat meet in Davos, reach agreement on control of border crossings, area of autonomy around Jericho and on roads in the Gaza Strip. The final agreement is signed in Cairo on 9.2.94. - For the first time, leaders of the People’s Party (ex-communists) are elected in direct, open elections, by 120 party representatives. Jan. 1994: JMCC poll: 45,3% of Palestinians support DoP, 39,8% oppose it, 14,9% have no opinion. Feb. 3: 12th round of bilateral Arab-Israeli talks opens in Washington. Multilateral Working Group on Arms Control and Regional Security ends in Cairo. - In Jerusalem, Palestinians and the US sign a memorandum of under-standing on the transfer of $7 mill for the construction of 192 housing units in Jabalya. Feb. 19: New York Times reports Israeli government plans 15,000 new apartments in "Greater Jerusalem". Feb. 22: 15 settler families, most from Ariel, sign petition for Knesset assistance to help them leave. Feb. 24, 1994: Abu Dis village near Jerusalem witnesses large-scale 10-hour gun battle as the Israeli army ambushes 2 Palestinian activists killing one, injuring the other. -
Bethlehem 1 Cluster
º¹DP UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs October 2005 Qalandiya Camp Closed Villages Project - Villages isolated fromÇ theirQalandiya natural centers º¹ ¬Palestinians without permits (the large majority of the population) village cluster Beit Duqqu P 144 Atarot ### ¬Ç usalem 3 170 Al Judeira Al Jib Closures ## Bir Nabala Beit 'Anan Jenin BethlehemAl Jib 1 cluster Ç Beit Ijza Closed village cluster ¬ Checkpoint ## ## AL Ram CP ## m al Lahim In 2000, villagers would access Bethlehem Ç#along# Earthmound Tulkarm Jerusalem 2 #¬# Al Qubeiba road 60 for their services. In 2005, road 60 and 367 Ç Qatanna Biddu 150 ¬ Partial Checkpoint Nablus 151 are closed to palestinian traffic making these villages Qalqiliya /" # Hizmah CP D inaccessible by car.ramot In ordercp Beit# Hanina to cope,# al#### Balad a local school Ç # ### ¬Ç D Road Gate Salfit has been created¬ and villagers walk to Beit Fajar for Beit Surik health services. /" Roadblock These villages are inaccessible by car Ramallah/Al Bireh Beit Surik º¹P Under / Overpass 152## Ç##Shu'fat Camp 'Anata Jericho Village Population¬ Constructed Barrier Jerusalem Khallet Zakariya 80 173 Projected Barrier Bethlehem Khallet Afana 40 /" Al 'Isawiya /" Under Construction Total Population: 120 Az Za'ayyemProhibited Roads Hebron ## º¹AzP Za'ayyem Zayem CP ¬Ç 174 Partially Prohibited Restricted Use Al 'Eizariya Comparing situations Pre-Intifada /" Totally Prohibited and August 2005 Closed village cluster Year 2000 Localities Abu Dis Jerusalem 1 August 2005 Closed Villages 'Arab al Jahalin -
13-26 July 2021
13-26 July 2021 Latest developments (after the reporting period) • On 28 July, Israeli forces shot and killed an 11-year-old Palestinian boy who was in a car with his father at the entrance of Beit Ummar (Hebron). According to the Israeli military, soldiers ordered a driver to stop and, after he failed to do so, they shot at the vehicle, reportedly aiming at the wheels. On 29 July, following protests at the funeral of the boy, during which Palestinians threw stones Israeli forces soldiers shot live ammunition, rubber bullets and tear gas canisters, shooting and killing one Palestinian. • On 27 July, Israeli forces shot and killed a 41-year-old Palestinian at the entrance of Beita (Nablus). According to the military, the man was walking towards the soldiers, holding an iron bar, and did not stop after they shot warning fire. No clashes were taking place at that time. Highlights from the reporting period • Two Palestinians, including a boy, died after being shot by Israeli forces during the reporting period. Israeli forces entered An Nabi Salih (Ramallah) to carry out an arrest operation, and when Palestinian residents threw stones at them, soldiers shot live ammunition and tear gas canisters. During this exchange of fire, Israeli forces shot and killed a 17-year-old boy, who, according to the military, was throwing stones and endangered the life of soldiers. According to Palestinian sources, he was shot in his back. On 26 July, a Palestinian died of wounds after being shot by Israeli forces on 14 May, in Sinjil (Ramallah), during clashes between Palestinians and Israeli forces. -
1. Casualties 2. Incidents Involving Ambulances and Medical Teams 3
U N I T E D N A T I O N S N A T I O N S U N I E S OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS P.O. Box 38712, East Jerusalem Phone: (+972) 2-582 9962 / 582 5853, Fax: (+972) 2-582 5841 [email protected], www.ochaopt.org OCHA Weekly Briefing Notes Update for oPt (5 – 11 January 2005) INSIDE: Casualties ▪ Incidents involving ambulances ▪ Curfew ▪ House demolition/Demolition orders\People displaced ▪ Land levelling\Requisitions ▪ Closure\Restrictions on movement ▪Access to schools ▪ Labour movement to Israel ▪ Other ▪ Appendix 1. Casualties Palestinians: Deaths: 7 Injured: 18 (approximate) Israelis: Deaths: 2 Injured: 18 (approximate) Sources: OCHA FCU, PRCS, UNRWA, IDF website, Israeli MoFA. 2. Incidents involving ambulances and medical teams West Bank: Denial of access: 0 Delay (30 minutes): 1 Shooting/Damage to Ambulance: 0 Gaza: Denial of access: 0 Delay (30 minutes): 1 Shooting/Damage to Ambulance: 0 Sources: OCHA FCU, PRCS, Palestinian MoH 3. Curfews Curfew was reported in the following locations: Date Location Number of days/hours 5 January Husan 8 hours 7 January 8 villages: Yatma, Qabalan, Osarin, Beita, Odala, Áwarta, 2 days Huwwara and Majdal Bani Fadil villages (Nablus) Sources: OCHA FCU, Village Councils, UNRWA, Palestinian DCL 4. House demolitions/Demolition orders/People displaced West Bank: • 10 January: The Israeli High Court of Justice settled the case regarding the demolition orders for 23 houses in the northern part of the village of Al Walaja, in Bethlehem District. The demolition orders, issued by the Municipality of Jerusalem and the Ministry of Interior of Israel, have been confirmed as this area is considered to lie within the unilaterally expanded municipal boundary of Jerusalem that divides the village in two.