Assabet, Concord & Sudbury Rivers Draft Study Report, Massachusetts
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v- • -- t?uDBURY, AssABET AND CoNcoRD W ILD A D SCENIC RIVFR STUDY ON MICROFI L I DR\1 1 R IPOR I • l PJ I \lBIR 1996 PlEASE RETURN TO. TECHNICAl INFORMATION CENltR Color c OEtNER SERVICE CEHTER l t.~l 0/:4Jo:L NATlOHAL PARK SERVICE • SuDBURY, AssABET AND CoNCORD WILD AND SCENIC RIVER STUDY • DRAFT REPORT SEPTEMBER 1996 Prepared by: Rivers Program New England System Support Office National Park Service • U.S. Department of the Interior Cover photograph of Sudbury River by Jerry Howard. B.D W' kl\ II T DY • D :lr Ua/1 n • )l 1 h1 report IS dedicated to the mcmor} of 'lien Morgan. • 5 • TABLE OF CONTENTS SuMMARY OF FINDINGS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND STUDY BACKGROUND •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 1.1 THE WILD AND ScENIC RIVERS AcT ................................................................................................. 9 1.1.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGNATION ..•..•..•..•..•.••.•.....•.•.•..•••••..•••.••..•..•••.••..•.••••.•.•.•••.••........••.....•... 9 1.1.2 MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES·································································································· 10 1.2 SuDBURY, AssABET AND CoNcoRD RIVERS STUDY BACKGROUND ...•.•....••..••.•••..•.•..•...••.........•.•.•.•..•..•.. 12 1.2.1 STUDY APPROACH .................................................................................................................. 13 1.2.2 STUDY GOALS AND STRATEGY .................................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA ••••••••• •••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 17 2.1 REGIONAL SETTING ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.2 NATURAL RESOURCES .................................................................................................................... 17 • 2.2.1 GEOLOGY .............................................................................................................................. 17 2.2.2 HYDROLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.3 EcoLOGY .•.....••..•.....•.•.••.•...•..•...•..•...•••••......•..••.....••.••..•...•...••.••..•..••••..•....•.•..............••...•.••. 18 2.3 CuLTURAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................................... 19 2.3.1 HISTORICAL SETTING ....... ; ...................................................................................................... 19 2.3.2 LAND UsE AND OWNERSHIP PATTERNS ...................................................................................... 20 2.3.3 RECREATIONAL UsE ................................................................................................................ 20 CHAPTER 3 ELIGIBILITY AND CLASSIFICATION ............................................................................................................ 23 3.1 ELIGIBILITY AND CLASSIFICATION METHODOLOGY ............................................................................. 23 3.1.1 ELIGIBILITY···························································································································· 23 FREE-FLOWING CONDITION .•.•..•..••...•••••.•• ··•••·•··••·••·•••••· .•••.•...•••.•...•••••.•••••.•••.••.......•.••••...•.•••••...• 23 OUTSTANDINGLY REMARKABLE RESOURCES ................................................................................... 23 3.1.2 CLASSIFICATION ...................................................................................................................... 24 • 3.2 FINDINGS ..................................................................................................................................... 25 6 SUDBURY, ASSABET AND CONCORD WILD AND SCENIC RIVER STUDY 3.2.1 ELIGIBILITY···························································································································· 25 3.2.2 PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION ...•....•...••.••..•........••.•....•.•.••••.••.••.••..•...•••..••.••.•••...•..•...••.•.•..•..••...•... 28 •• CHAPTER 4 SUITABILITY········································································································································· 31 4.1 SUITABILITY CRITERIA .................................................................................................................... 31 4.2 ANALYSIS OF EXISTING RESOURCE PROTECTION ................................................................................. 31 4.3 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................... 33 4.3.1 RIVER CONSERVATION PLAN .................................................................................................... 34 4.3.2 RIVER STEWARDSHIP CouNciL •.•..•...•.•.....•••••..•..•.••••.••...••....•.••..••..•••.••..•..•••..•..••.......•..••...••..•.. 34 4.3.3 NEED FOR FEDERAL LAND ACQUISITION .................................................................................... 35 4.4 PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR DESIGNATION .................................................................................................. 35 4.5 SUITABILITY FINDINGS .................................................................................................................... 38 4.5.1 EFFECTS OF DESIGNATION ........................................................................................................ 38 4.5 .2 SuiTABILITY RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................... 40 CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................................................... 41 • 5.1 DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................... 41 5.2 RECOMMENDED ALTERNATIVE .••....••...•.•...•..•....•...•.........•••..•.•.•...•...•••••..••.•.••..•.•.•..•••.••...•.........••.•. 42 APPENDICES ......................................................................................................................................... 43 APPENDIX A: STUDY PARTICIPANTS APPENDIX B: SuDBURY, AssABET AND CoNcORD WILD AND ScENIC RIVER STUDY AcT APPENDIX C: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING PROTECTION APPENDIX D: SUMMARY: wATER RESOURCES STUDY • 7 • SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ELIGIBILITY 2) the strong support for designation expressed by the study area communities through Town Meeting votes Twenty-nine miles of the Sudbury, Assabet and Concord and through their endorsement of the Sudbury, Assabet rivers were found eligible for inclusion in the National and Concord River Conservation Plan prepared during Wild and Scenic Rivers System, based on their free the study; and flowing character and the presence of five outstandingly remarkable river-related resources: ecology, history, 3) the existence of an appropriate river management literature, recreation, and scenery. The eligible segments framework, the proposed SuAsCo River Stewardship include 16.6 miles of the Sudbury River, 4.4 miles of the Council, to implement the River Conservation Plan and Assabet River, and 8 miles of the Concord River. to administer the rivers in partnership with the federal government if designation occurs. CLASSIFICATION STuDY CoMMITTEE REcoMMENDATION The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act provides for three possible classifications of eligible river segments: At its February 23rd, 1995 meeting, the Sudbury, "wild," "scenic," or "recreational." These classifica Assabet, and Concord Wild and Scenic River Study tions are based on the degree of human modification of Committee voted unanimously to recommend designa the river and adjacent shorelands. The study deter tion of the entire 29-mile study area. The Committee mined that the upper 14.9 miles of the Sudbury River also recommended that the rivers be managed in study segment, starting at the Danforth St. bridge in accordance with the Sudbury, Assabe~ and Concord Framingham and continuing downstream to the Rte. 2 River Conservation Plan. This Plan, which describes • bridge in Concord, should be classified "scenic," while the administrative framework to be used if the rivers are the remainder of the study area, including the 1. 7 mile designated, was endorsed unanimously at the Study portion of the Sudbury River between the Rte. 2 bridge Committee's March 16th, 1995 meeting. and Egg Rock in Concord, and all of the Assabet and Concord river study segments, should be classified RECOMMENDATION "recreational." This "recreational" classification was Twenty-nine miles of the Sudbury, Assabet and Concord based on the overall development context, though some rivers in eastern Massachusetts are recommended for short stretches within the proposed "recreational" segment could certainly qualify for a "scenic" classifica designation as scenic and recreational rivers under the tion. national Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, to be managed in accordance with the Sudbury, Assabet and Concord River Conservation Plan dated March 16th, 1995. The SUITABILITY river segments meet the eligibility and suitability criteria The entire study area was also found to be suitable for for such a