Study of the Strategies Adopted by Surat Municipal Corporation and Its Effects on the Quality of Public Life

STUDY OF THE STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY SURAT MUNICIPAL CORPORATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC LIFE A Thesis submitted to TILAK MAHARASHTRA VIDYAPEETH, PUNE For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) In Management Under the Board of Management Studies Submitted By NETHALA MOHANA RAO PRN NO-15815003766 Under the Guidance of Dr. SURESH ABHYANKAR Department of Management JULY -2018 Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune Undertaking I, NETHALA MOHANA RAO is the Ph. D Scholar of the Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth in MANAGEMENT Subject. Thesis entitled STUDY OF THE STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY SURAT MUNICIPAL CORPORATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC LIFE under the supervision of Dr. SURESH ABHYANKAR., Solemnly affirm that the thesis submitted by me is my own work. I have not copied it from any source. I have gone through extensive review of literature of the related published / unpublished research works and the use of such references made has been acknowledged in my thesis. The title and the content of research is original. I understand that, in case of any complaint especially plagiarism, regarding my Ph.D. research from any party, I have to go through the enquiry procedure as decided by the Vidyapeeth at any point of time. I understand that, if my Ph.D. thesis (or part of it) is found duplicate at any point of time, my research degree will be withdrawn and in such circumstances, I will be solely responsible and liable for any consequences arises thereby. I will not hold the TMV, Pune responsible and liable in any case. I have signed the above undertaking after reading carefully and knowing all the aspects therein. Signature : Address : METAS ADVENTIST COLLEGE, ATHWALINES, SURAT- 395001, GUJARAT Ph. No. 9924448058 e-mail: [email protected] Date: 10 JULY 2018 Place: SURAT iii CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “STUDY OF THE STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY SURAT MUNICIPAL CORPORATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC LIFE”. Which is being submitted herewith for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D) in Management, of Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune is the result of original research work completed by Nethala Mohana Rao under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge and belief the work incorporated in this thesis has not formed the basis for the award of any degree or similar title of this or any other University or examining body upon him. Place: Pune Dr. SURESH ABHYANKAR Date: 10 JULY 2018 Research Guide i Acknowledgement It gives me immense pleasure to present this thesis for the research based on the “Study of the Strategies Adopted by Surat Municipal Corporation and Its Effects on The Quality of Public Life”. First and foremost, I would like to thank my research guide, Dr. Suresh Abhyankar, for his continuous cooperation, support, and valuable insights. He is my guru who showed me a path and enlightened me through my journey of PhD. I also take this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and heartfelt thanks to Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth. My special thanks go to the Department of Management and PhD section of Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth for their encouragement. I shall remain ever grateful to Dr. Srikakolli Eliah, President & CEO, Metas Group of Institutions, for creating such academic environment which motivated and sustained me to bring this thesis to completion. I would also like to appreciate all the respondents for giving their time to participate in my interview and share their opinions and attitudes. In spite of the thesis being a challenge to complete, it has turned out to be an interesting experience. This effort is fruitful because of the assistance, patience, and support of several individuals. I also remain indebted to the faculty and staff of Metas Adventist College, Surat, especially to Dr. Priyanarayanan, Mr. Nirmal Satya raj and Dr. Kumudini Thakore. I am obliged to the higher authorities of Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) of Surat city for the permission to conduct the survey in the corporation. I would like to thank my statistics mentor who gave the necessary support and guidance. I would also want to express my gratitude to my wife and son for their support and encouragement, without which, I would not have finished my research. Nethala Mohana Rao ii Abstract The problem is not the lack of strategies or policies initiatives, but the translation thereof into effective implementation. The needs of a community are not self-evident. Services may be provided and still not fulfill the requirements of the users. What defines good quality of life in the relevant community? Have the strategies and policies adopted, been accepted by the citizens and stakeholders? Do they meet their needs and expectations? To be successful, one has to understand what defines good quality of life in the relevant community. The Surat Municipal Corporation had succeeded in bringing about the necessary development in demand after what was a catastrophic post-plague period that was characterized by epidemics and lack of sanitation which led to disappointment amongst both the stakeholders and the SMC. Surat Municipal Corporation responded by launching strategies and introducing initiatives that helped the SMC to transform the conditions in the city. Outstanding management strategies were used by the SMC from the macro-level to the micro-level. From modifying the administrative setup for solid waste management to revamping the entire administrative and financial management system of the Surat Municipal Corporation, the city was undergoing a rapid transformation. One of the most significant factor that played a key role in such an achievement by the SMC was the community participation, people felt more responsible when it came to following the policies of the SMC and the attitudes of the citizens were better. This led to the formulation and implementation of strategies that were intended to trigger the cleanliness drive in the city. The hiring of vehicles for garbage collection was privatized in order to have a larger workforce and stringent measures were undertaken in case of they did not get the work done on time. All of this led to a tremendous transformation in the operations of the SMC and both the officials and the stakeholders were motivated and satisfied with the work that was being done. The health Department introduced initiatives that led to a strengthening of the health infrastructure, revival of a work ethic among health workers and extensive sanitation drive. These measures boosted the city’s health indicators. One of the most important factors that worked out for the SMC to modify the personnel setup and administrative setup working for the Municipal Corporation and improving relations with the stakeholders and involving them in the projects that they undertook to accomplish the tasks that were necessary for the well-being of the society. iv INDEX CHAPTER PARTCULARS PAGE I A) INTRODUCTION 1-69 B) OBJECTIVES II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 70-100 III RESEARCH METHODLOGY AND HYPOTHESIS 101-124 IV DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 125-301 V CONCLUSION, SUGGESTIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS 302-337 AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY APPENDICES 314-337 I. BIBLIOGAPHY 314-316 II. QUESTIONNAIRE 325-337 v TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Title Page No. No. 1 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 1-69 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Meaning of strategy 2 1.3 Meaning of management 4 1.4 Meaning of municipality 6 1.5 Meaning of corporation 7 1.5.1 Structure of corporation 9 1.5.2 Need of corporation 12 1.5.3 Functions of corporation 14 1.5.4 Salient features of corporation 15 1.5.5 Classification of corporation 17 1.6 History of Surat 21 1.6.1 Evaluation of modern industries 25 1.7 Surat municipal corporation 27 1.7.1 Origin of Surat Municipal Corporation 33 1.7.2 Profile of Surat Municipal Corporation 34 1.7.3 Governing Structure of Surat Municipal Corporation 41 1.7.4 Business of Surat Municipal Corporation 44 1.7.5 Concept of Corporation 47 1.7.6 Objectives and functions of Surat Municipal Corporation 50 1.7.7 Position of Surat Municipal Corporation in the State 56 1.8 Meaning of quality of public life 58 1.9 Importance of quality of public life 62 1.9.1 How quality of public life can be improved by municipal body 63 1.10 How it lead to satisfaction of city public in context of quality of life 64 1.11 Objectives of the study 69 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 70-100 2.1 Introduction 70 2.2 Review of Literature 70 2.2.1 Review of case study 90 2.2.2 Review of previous researcher 97 2.2.3 Review of articles 98 2.2.4 Review of journals, magazines and news papers 98 3 RESEARCH METHODLOGY AND HYPOTHESIS 101-124 3.1 Statement of Problem 101 3.2 Reason for choice of the Topic 101 3.3 Title of the Thesis 102 3.4 Hypothesis of the Study 102 vi 3.5 Limitation and Scope of the study 103 3.6 Research Design and Methodology 103 3.6.1 Selection of Sample 108 3.6.2 Reference Period 112 3.6.3 Techniques of the Analysis 113 3.6.4 Parameters 118 3.7 Tools used for Data collection 120 3.7.1 Primary data 121 3.7.2 Interviews 122 3.7.3 Observations 122 3.7.4 Secondary Data 122 3.8 Significance of the study 123 3.9 Best Practices of Surat Municipal Corporation 124 4 DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND HYPOTHESIS 125-301 TESTING 4.1 Introduction 125 4.2 Secondary Data Presentation and Analysis 126 4.2.1 Action on cleanliness 126 4.2.2 Change of administrative structure 127 4.2.3 Involvement of public private partnership (PPP) 128 4.2.4 Checking on the garbage management system 129 4.2.5 Compelling on new fine system by SMC 130 4.2.6 Eradication

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