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Sensory Processing Sensitivity and Attentional Bias – a Pilot Study
Proef ingediend met het oog op het behalen van de graad van Master in de Klinische Psychologie SENSORY PROCESSING SENSITIVITY AND ATTENTIONAL BIAS – A PILOT STUDY FLORIAN UDO ROTHENBÜCHER 2016/2017 Aantal woorden: 11775 Promotoren: Prof. Dr. Natacha Deroost & Prof. Dr. Elke Van Hoof Psychologie & Educatiewetenschappen Psychologie & Educatiewetenschappen Academiejaar 2016/2017 SAMENVATTING MASTERPROEF (na het titelblad inbinden in de masterproef + 1 keer een afzonderlijk A4-blad) Naam en voornaam: Rothenbücher Florian Rolnr.: 96884 KLIN AO ONKU AGOG Titel van de Masterproef: Sensory Processing Sensitivity And Attentional Bias – A Pilot Study Promotor: Prof. Dr. Natacha Deroost & Prof. Dr. Elke Van Hoof Samenvatting: Despite the increasing interest in the construct of sensory processing sensitivity and the recent tendency in publications to include more objective measures, the underlying mechanisms that might be responsible for the differential information processing and heightened emotionality of individuals high in sensory processing sensitivity are still unclear. Supposedly, a higher awareness of both positive and negative subtle stimuli and a deeper processing thereof are the central characteristics of the construct. These might be driven by differences in the allocation of attention. To further explore these ideas, an emotional variant of the Posner exogenous cueing task was conducted. Participants classified as high in sensory processing sensitivity as well as controls were presented with neutral, happy, angry, and sad faces for durations of 200 ms and 1000 ms. Cue validity, engagement, and disengagement effects were analyzed. This allowed for an examination of processing differences for the various emotional valences at early (200 ms, indicative of a possible lower threshold to subtle stimuli) and later stages of attention (1000 ms, indicative of a deeper elaboration of information). -
Connections Between Sensory Sensitivities in Autism
PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal Volume 13 Issue 1 Underrepresented Content: Original Article 11 Contributions in Undergraduate Research 2019 Connections Between Sensory Sensitivities in Autism; the Importance of Sensory Friendly Environments for Accessibility and Increased Quality of Life for the Neurodivergent Autistic Minority. Heidi Morgan Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/mcnair Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Morgan, Heidi (2019) "Connections Between Sensory Sensitivities in Autism; the Importance of Sensory Friendly Environments for Accessibility and Increased Quality of Life for the Neurodivergent Autistic Minority.," PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal: Vol. 13: Iss. 1, Article 11. https://doi.org/10.15760/mcnair.2019.13.1.11 This open access Article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). All documents in PDXScholar should meet accessibility standards. If we can make this document more accessible to you, contact our team. Portland State University McNair Research Journal 2019 Connections Between Sensory Sensitivities in Autism; the Importance of Sensory Friendly Environments for Accessibility and Increased Quality of Life for the Neurodivergent Autistic Minority. by Heidi Morgan Faculty Mentor: Miranda Cunningham Citation: Morgan H. (2019). Connections between sensory sensitivities in autism; the importance of sensory friendly environments for accessibility and increased quality of life for the neurodivergent autistic minority. Portland State University McNair Scholars Online Journal, Vol. 0 Connections Between Sensory Sensitivities in Autism; the Importance of Sensory Friendly Environments for Accessibility and Increased Quality of Life for the Neurodivergent Autistic Minority. -
Dopaminergic Basis of Salience Dysregulation in Psychosis
Review Dopaminergic basis of salience dysregulation in psychosis 1* 1,2* 3 Toby T. Winton-Brown , Paolo Fusar-Poli , Mark A. Ungless , and 1,3 Oliver D. Howes 1 Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, SE58AF London, UK 2 OASIS Prodromal Service, South London and Maudsley (SLaM) National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, UK 3 Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK Disrupted salience processing is proposed as central in In recent years, there have been attempts to bridge this linking dysregulated dopamine function with psychotic gap. We will critically review here the evidence for the symptoms. Several strands of evidence are now converg- recent interpretation of dopaminergic dysfunction in psy- ing in support of this model. Animal studies show that chosis, according to which delusions emerge as an individ- midbrain dopamine neurons are activated by unexpected ual’s own explanation of the experience of aberrant salient events. In psychotic patients, neurochemical stud- salience. We start by examining normal aspects of salience ies have confirmed subcortical striatal dysregulation of and salience processing and how these relate to dopamine dopaminergic neurotransmission, whereas functional function in the human brain. We then describe the experi- magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of salience ence of aberrant salience in those experiencing early symp- tasks have located alterations in prefrontal and striatal toms of psychosis, before examining experimental evidence dopaminergic projection fields. At the clinical level, this of aberrant salience from animal studies and from neuro- may account for the altered sense of meaning and signifi- imaging studies in humans. -
Sensory Processing Disorder)
GUIDE TO SPD (Sensory Processing Disorder) www.inha.ie Contents Introduction . .3 What is Sensory Processing Disorder? . .6 Sensory Motor Questionnaire for Parents . .10 Sensory Related Skills . .12 Characteristics of Tactile Dysfunction . .13 Characteristics of Vestibular Dysfunction . .18 Characteristics of Proprioceptive Dysfunction . .21 Characteristics of Visual Dysfunction . .23 Characteristics of the Auditory Sense . .26 Diagnosing the Problem . .28 What can Parents do to help the Sensory Child? . .30 Glossary of Sensory Processing Disorder terms . .39 Recommended Reading . .45 Online Resources . .46 2 Introduction All of us comprehend the world through our senses. We see things, we hear things, we touch things, we experience gravity, and we use our bodies to move around in the world. All the sensory input from the environment and from inside our bodies works together seamlessly so we know what's going on and what to do. Sensory integration is something most of us do automatically. Usually, sensory input registers well and gets processed in the central nervous system, which in turn integrates it smoothly with all the other senses. This process lets us think and behave appropriately in response to what's happening inside and around us. When we look at Development and the process of learning new skills there is a hierarchy of developmental processes which must be developed before the actual skill of for example using a spoon to feed oneself, sit and concentrate in class, tie a shoe lace can be achieved. Sensory experiences are the basis of learning for all Infants Children born prematurely are at increased risk for sensory-based difficulties including Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD). -
Mental Health and Autism: Promoting Autism Favourable Environments (PAVE)
Mental Health and Autism: Promoting Autism FaVourable Environments (PAVE) Abstract Volume 19, Number 1, 2013 Autism is associated with unique neurobiology. Significant dif- ferences in brain structures and neurobiological functioning have been found that underpin different perceptual and psy- chological experiences of people with autism (“neuro-atypical”) Authors compared to those without autism (“neuro-typical”). These neuropsychological differences include hyper-and hyposensitiv- Elspeth Bradley,1 ities to sensory input, vestibular distortions, problems filtering Phoebe Caldwell2 and processing incoming information which contribute to sen- sory and emotional overload, motor difficulties and consequent 1 Surrey Place Centre and anxiety. Neuro-typical explanations (Outside-In perspec- University of Toronto, tive) of anxiety and unusual behaviours shown by those with Toronto, ON autism, are often at odds with explanations provided by those with autism (Inside-Out perspective). Listening to these neu- 2 The Norah Fry ro-atypical explanations of emotional experience underlying Research Centre, unusual behaviours, offers an opportunity to Promote Autism University of Bristol, faVourable Environments (PAVE). The PAVE approach can School for Policy Studies, reduce the suffering, pain and distress that arise for those with Clifton, Bristol, UK autism in more ordinary environments, as well as aid in reduc- tion of misdiagnoses and mismanagement strategies. Autism (Please see Box 1 on the opposite page) is associ- ated with unique neurobiology: -
Sensory Modulation Disorder and Schizophrenia: Linking Behavioral Measures Linda Olson Virginia Commonwealth University
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by VCU Scholars Compass Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2011 Sensory Modulation Disorder and Schizophrenia: Linking Behavioral Measures Linda Olson Virginia Commonwealth University Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons © The Author Downloaded from http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2464 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Linda M. Olson 2011 All Rights Reserved Sensory Modulation Disorder and Schizophrenia: Linking Behavioral Measures A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. by Linda M. Olson Master of Science University of Illinois at Chicago May 1998 Bachelor of Science University of Illinois at Chicago June 1987 Bachelor of Science Eastern Illinois University May 1980 Director: Dianne F. Simons Assistant Professor, Occupational Therapy Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia April, 2011 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author wishes to thank several people. First, my brother and sister-in-law for their love, support and patience during the five years it has taken me to complete this degree. Next, thank-you to my friends for their ongoing support and understanding especially Janet Hogan for serving as my “Dissertation Manager” over the past six months. -
Signs and Symptoms of Sensory Processing Disorder
THERAPIES/TREATMENTS IMPROVING THE LIVES OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM AND THE PEOPLE WHO CARE FOR THEM Signs and Symptoms of Sensory Processing Disorder Admit it. You’ve found yourself at a Chuck-E-Cheese birthday party and wanted to run out amidst the chaos. Now imagine a 24/7 assault on your senses. I’ve previously tried to help people understand behaviors from sensory overload by presenting this scenario: Imagine putting a desk inside the Harbor Tunnel during rush hour. About 40 feet away from the desk stands a teacher who is going to orally give you algebraic word problems to complete. How long would you be able to sit there with the flashing lights and thunderous sounds of the cars racing by? And how well would you do on those algebra problems? Sensory Processing Disorder goes What are the signs of Sensory beyond simply not liking a smell Processing Disorder? or thinking a noise might be loud. For someone that experiences Sensory Processing Disorder can hypersensitivity, they may: impede daily life functioning, learning, • react strongly to loud noises, and socializing. • squint or cover their eyes even if others around them do not think it is What is Sensory Processing bright, Disorder? • refuse to wear certain clothing or person. It’s important that we be able Sensory Processing Disorder is a fabrics because they feel itchy or to recognize when someone is having neurological disorder that results painful or just don’t feel right, a sensory meltdown and that we from the brain’s inability to integrate • be distracted by stimuli others don’t identify the triggers and implement certain information received from the notice, calming methods and techniques. -
Sex-Specific Brain Deficits in Auditory Processing in an Animal Model of Cocaine-Related Schizophrenic Disorders
Brain Sci. 2013, 3, 504-520; doi:10.3390/brainsci3020504 OPEN ACCESS brain sciences ISSN 2076-3425 www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/ Article Sex-Specific Brain Deficits in Auditory Processing in an Animal Model of Cocaine-Related Schizophrenic Disorders Patricia A. Broderick 1,2,3,* and Taylor Rosenbaum 4 1 Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, The Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA 2 Doctoral Program, Department of Biology, The City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10016, USA 3 Department of Neurology, NYU Langone Medical Center, NYU Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York, NY 10016, USA 4 School of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +1-212-650-5479; Fax: +1-212-650-7305. Received: 23 January 2013; in revised form: 4 March 2013 / Accepted: 20 March 2013 / Published: 10 April 2013 Abstract: Cocaine is a psychostimulant in the pharmacological class of drugs called Local Anesthetics. Interestingly, cocaine is the only drug in this class that has a chemical formula comprised of a tropane ring and is, moreover, addictive. The correlation between tropane and addiction is well-studied. Another well-studied correlation is that between psychosis induced by cocaine and that psychosis endogenously present in the schizophrenic patient. Indeed, both of these psychoses exhibit much the same behavioral as well as neurochemical properties across species. -
Managing Common Symptoms of Pandas/Pans Pans Treatment Guidelines Part 1
MANAGING COMMON SYMPTOMS OF PANDAS/PANS PANS TREATMENT GUIDELINES PART 1 PSYCHIATRIC AND BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS THIENEMANN, MURPHY, LECKMAN, SHAW, WILLIAMS, KAPPHAHN, FRANKOVICH, GELLER, BERNSTEIN, CHANG, ELIA, SWEDO, PANS/PANDAS CONSORTIUM MARGO THIENEMANN MD STANFORD UNIVERSITY PANS PROGRAM PANS TREATMENT Psychotherapies Psychiatric medications PANS Infection, Inflammation SX Living with, managing a child Sequelae and the illness “Medical” Treatments School accommodations Rehab OT PT • Caregiver Burden is high • Uncharted treatment path • Many professionals unaware of PANS • Many appointments • Parental leave • Patient at home • Patient separation anxiety • Sleep disruption • Difficult to manage behavior • Social isolation • Rest of family neglect CAREGIVER BURDEN LIKE ALZHEIMERS’ FAMILIES Project status: Manuscript currently under review. Medical Care for Child Self Care Safety Educate Family Self about PANS Duties Be case Interface manager with School Reasonable Expectation s Learn as Simplify much as Life possible Seek Care for Support Self Expect some Setbacks IT MIGHT BE PANS? GETTING TREATMENT • Find a doctor • Size up the doctor: Do you say PANS or PANDAS? • Educate professionals • Gather data • Time-line of infections, treatments and results (consult pediatrician) • Create a binder/electronic file of time-line, lab and evaluation reports • Coordinate care among health care providers • Share lab • Schedule phone appointments, joint meetings EVALUATE CHILD’S CAPACITY TO FUNCTION NOW: IS IT REALISTIC TO EXPECT CHILD TO: • Eat? -
Sensory Symptoms in Autism: a Blooming, Buzzing Confusion?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UCL Discovery Sensory symptoms in autism: A blooming, buzzing confusion? Elizabeth Pellicano1, 2* Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University of London; 2School of Psychology, University of Western Australia Word count: 2995 words *Corresponding author: Dr Liz Pellicano Centre for Research in Autism and Education Department of Psychology and Human Development Institute of Education 25 Woburn Square Tel: +44 (0)207 331 5140 London WC1H 0AA Email: [email protected] Abstract Autism is most well known for the way that it affects how a person interacts and communicates with others. But autism can affect behavior in other important and debilitating ways, such as in an intense desire for sameness and in sensory systems that work too well or not well enough. Researchers have largely overlooked the latter “sensory symptoms” but their prominence in forthcoming diagnostic criteria calls for systematic investigation. Here, I review existing theoretical accounts of autism and also introduce a new proposal that employs Bayesian methods to identify the nature of the (altered) computations involved in autistic sensation and perception. Specifically, I suggest that sensory symptoms may be due to fewer prior constraints or attenuated “priors”. The possibility that autistic people perceive the world as it “really is” rather than as imbued by prior experiences could explain the range and idiosyncrasy of sensory sensitivities and their difficulties dealing with new experiences. 1 Difficulties making friends, repetitive behaviors and problems with communication are often the first things that come to mind when one thinks about autism. -
Selective Mutism and Its Link to Sensory Processing Disorder
UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY More than Shyness: Selective Mutism and its Link to Sensory Processing Disorder Katarzyna Brimo Individual paper, 15 credits Bachelor thesis in Psychology PC1546 Spring 2016 Supervisors: Amelie Gamble Jennifer Strand More than Shyness: Selective Mutism and its Link to Sensory Processing Disorder Katarzyna Brimo Selective mutism (SM) is a childhood anxiety disorder. Since anxiety is related to Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) the purpose of this study was to find out if sensory processing difficulties are present in children with SM. Clinical information was collected online from 147 caregivers and the data were complete for 122 subjects (ages 3-18). Short Sensory Profile (SSP) assessment was used to measure sensory reactivity in a group of children with SM. According to SSP definite sensory impairments were detected in 64 % of the children with SM, whereas probable sensory impairments were present in 24 % of the SM group. The highest rates of SPD were reported in three sections of SSP: taste/smell sensitivity, visual/auditory sensitivity and auditory filtering. Moreover, SPD was present at higher rate in children with SM compared to a group of typically developing children. The above findings suggest that a vast percentage of children with SM may be affected by SPD, regardless of other co-occurring diagnoses. This pioneering result has an implication for complementing the existing SM therapy methods with Sensory Integration training (SI) and/ or neurosensorimotor reflex integration techniques. “Anxiety can just as well express itself by muteness as by a scream” Søren Kierkegaard (1813- 1855) A second grade girl with selective mutism reaches the front of a lunch line. -
Understanding the Sensory Experiences of Young People With
Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2013) 60, 171–180 doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12025 Research Article Understanding the sensory experiences of young people with autism spectrum disorder: A preliminary investigation Jill Ashburner,1,2 Laura Bennett,2 Sylvia Rodger2 and Jenny Ziviani2,3 1Research and Development, Autism Queensland, Sunnybank, 2Division of Occupational Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Queensland, and 3Children’s Allied Health Research, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Background/aim: Unusual responses to sensations can difficulty filtering extraneous sensory input, high levels of impact upon the daily activities for individuals with aut- movement seeking and an over-focus on salient sensory ism spectrum disorder. Current understandings of these input were also described. Strategies employed to manage sensory experiences have been drawn from the proxy sensory challenges included avoiding, increasing predict- reports from parents/caregivers, standardised self-report ability and control and meta-cognitive adaptations. questionnaires and autobiographical accounts. As sensory Conclusions: Further research involving a larger sample experiences are intensely personal, the first-hand accounts of participants is recommended to determine the utility of of people with autism spectrum disorder may have greater using a semi-structured interview protocol augmented validity than caregiver reports, but these have never been with visual cues to understand the sensory experiences of systematically researched. This study explored the utility individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disor- of using a semi-structured interview protocol augmented der. with visual cues to facilitate our understanding of the KEY WORDS autism spectrum disorder, sensory proces- way people with autism spectrum disorder experience sen- sing, qualitative research.