Implementing the DICOM Standard for Digital Pathology
[Downloaded free from http://www.jpathinformatics.org on Tuesday, May 7, 2019, IP: 4.16.85.218] Original Article Implementing the DICOM Standard for Digital Pathology Markus D. Herrmann1, David A. Clunie2, Andriy Fedorov3,4, Sean W. Doyle1, Steven Pieper5, Veronica Klepeis4,6, Long P. Le4,6, George L. Mutter4,7, David S. Milstone4,7, Thomas J. Schultz8, Ron Kikinis3,4, Gopal K. Kotecha1, David H. Hwang4,7, Katherine P. Andriole1,4,9, A. John Iafrate4,6, James A. Brink4,10, Giles W. Boland4,9, Keith J. Dreyer1,4,10, Mark Michalski1,4,10, Jeffrey A. Golden4,7, David N. Louis4,6, Jochen K. Lennerz4,6 1MGH and BWH Center for Clinical Data Science, 3Department of Radiology, Surgical Planning Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 4Harvard Medical School, Departments of 6Pathology and 10Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Departments of 7Pathology and 9Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 8Enterprise Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 5Isomics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA, 2PixelMed Publishing, LLC, Bangor, PA, USA Received: 30 July 2018 Accepted: 06 August 2018 Published: 02 November 2018 Abstract Background: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM®) is the standard for the representation, storage, and communication of medical images and related information. A DICOM file format and communication protocol for pathology have been defined; however, adoption by vendors and in the field is pending. Here, we implemented the essential aspects of the standard and assessed its capabilities and limitations in a multisite, multivendor healthcare network. Methods: We selected relevant DICOM attributes, developed a program that extracts pixel data and pixel-related metadata, integrated patient and specimen-related metadata, populated and encoded DICOM attributes, and stored DICOM files.
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