AA-165 London Town Publik House
Architectural Survey File
This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.
Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.
All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.
Last Updated: 06-11-2004 NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK. Theme: Architecture Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE: (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland
COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Anne Arundel ,..- - . - - 1~/._T ~ Q~: ''.T INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY u:..... ENTRY DATE (Type al I entries complete applicable sections) 11~' NAME COMMON: London Town Publik House ANO/OR HISTORIC: London Town Publik House 12:~ l-O~AT~ON STREET ANO NUMBER: End of London Town Road on South Bank of South River CITY OR TOWN: CONGRESSIONAL OtSTR!CT: Vicinity of Annapolis 4th STATE 1 CODE COUNTY: I CODE Maryland I ..., .. Anne Arundel I ~~ .. :· .. , ~f~LASSfFICATION ·.··: ... CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE QWNERSHIP STATUS (Check One) :z TO THE PUBLIC 0 District l8l Building ~ Public Public Acquisition: 0 Occupied Yes: 0 Restricted 0 Site 0 Structure 0 Private ~ In Process 0 Unoccupied 0 Being Considered Unrestricted 0 Object tJ Both 0 0 Preservation work ~ in progress 0 No
PRESENT USE (Check Oue or More as Appropriate) ... - . 0 Agri cu ltura I 0 Government 0 Park 0 Transportation 0 Comments 0 Commercial 0 Industrial 0 Private Residence 0 Other (Specify) 0 Educational 0 Military 0 Religious 0 Entertainment rgJ Museum 0 Scientific . -··· c:::.. ::- .:. :: : ... : . :z fJ#OWNER OF PROPERTY ·"·. ... 0WNER•s NAME: County of Anne Arundel; administered by London Town Publik HOUSE ::: ....,.."' r'"'"'"'; <"<":i ,.,..,., M,.. v y.; ~ • ~t,. "- --~ rh.,; ~"' ...... Ill .... - , w STREET ANO NUMBER: .. "'i !".' '< f--0 w Contee Farms Ill Cl TY OR TOWN: STATE: t:OOF ::s Edgewater 0... Maryland "'I A .. ,.... -c::: ·•:":-. •.. ·:· '\':<::·, _,., .. ,.. ::·::·"':: ·.. :·:':'')'.'.:.' . ,:,'': f~t{f.;,.QC;,ATJ(.lN OF !-EGAL OESCRIPTJON ·.· .. " .. ···.:::.:: COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS. ETC: S" n Anne Arundel County Court House--Clerk ::s g of Circuit Court (!) z ST.REET A:NO NUMBER: .... P.O. Box 71 > -< "'ic: Cl TY OR TOWN: STATE· CODE ::s 0... Annapolis Maryland 21404 24 ~
':' .. ::.:. :.· 1§.Jim~~~-~ES~~TAJIQN fN EXISTING SURVEYS :.: <: : '•::'.:.:·•:::_: : '·:/ ·.:'<:· ·.. ... TITLE OF SURVEY: "'z Historic American -4 Buildings Survey (8 photos) :u ,. -< 0 DATE OF SURVEY: 1936 Federal State County Local 1 1937 ll 0 D D z ;a DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: c z >:: -0 Library of Congress/ Annex Ill "' :u"' c STl'IEET ANO NUMBER: : "'m 0 Division of Prints and Photo11ranhs z STATE: ..___ r C:ITY OR TOWN: C9~E --< ...... -0 Washington . D .r. - > -4 "' DESCRIPTION (Check One) 0 Excellent liJ Good 0 Foir 0 Deterioroted 0 Ruins 0 Unexposed CONDITION (Check_O_n--~~-~~~~~~,.-~~~~~~(C-~-e-ck~O-ne-)~~~~~~--1
® Altered 0 Unaltered 0 Moved ~ Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (II known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE London Town Publik House is a full two-story structure over elevated basement, seven-bays wide and three bays deep, with brick walls laid in Flemish bond. The inn is covered by a hipped roof cut off near the top to form a deck and the deck is sheltered by a slightly elevated gable roof which is terminated at either end by a massive interior chimney. A finely enriched cornice marks the roof line on all four sides. There is a molded brick water table and a belt course at the second floor level. The south (front) facade, facing the abandoned ferry approach road, is dominated by a three-bay wide projecting central pavilion, which is sur mounted by a pediment with a small lunette in its center. Windows in the south elevation are topped by flat brick arches and those in the rear and end elevations, by segmental brick arches. First floor windows have nine over nine light sash and second-story windows have nine over six sash. The main entrance, in the south facade, is approached by a flight of brick and stone steps. The north or rear facade lacks the projecting pavilion of the front and is also fenestrated differently, having four widely m spaced windows instead of the six windows across on the south side. m During its use as an alms house (1828-1966), the building was repaired and 1 a few minor wood partition walls inserted, but no structural changes were z made. The house has a cross hall plan with a broad central Living hall, the width of the central pavilion, extending through the structure from front to rear. At midpoint the main hall is intersected at right angles -f by narrower side halls that lead to the entrance in each end. Four equal :;o sized rooms, each with its own fireplace, are located in the four corners c of the inn. The north (rear) half of the main hall also has a fireplace n and fonns a very large room. The south (front) half of the main hall serves -f as the entrance hall and contains the stairway, which is located against the west cross wall. The main (south) entrance door, with 10 panels, has 0 :original H and L hinges. The cross walls are brick and the openings lead- - ing from the main hall to the lateral halls are framed with round brick z arches. The end doors have six panels, H and L hinges, and small rectan gular transoms above them. Interior walls are plastered and the fireplaces _have simple wooden mantels. The windows are deep set and most of them retain·· their original glass. The doors and most hardware are also original. Original cloak and hat boards--some with their wooden pegs--are still in plac~ in the main hall, and an original hearthstone remains in the north west room. Two rooms have small original cupboards and the tavern also has its original flooring, revealed when a modern tile covering was removed. Also found was the original fireplace of the warming kitchen behind a later smaller opening. Blocks of wood were placed into the brick suggesting that the overmantle was originally intended to be paneled. Common rooms were located in the basement where the fieldstone foundation can be seen. All of the timbers are original, but the brick on the basement floor is new, the old having been removed to install heating and plumbing. In the restoration the 19th century one-story wooden porches on the east and west ends were removed and steps put in their place, designed from descriptions_ by an architect specializing in such restorations. Infra-red photographs have been taken and it is hoped these will aid in a mapping of the original town by revealing old roadbeds and building foundations. Fo"" I0-300a UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT C'lF THE INTERIOR Uuly 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland NATIONAL REGISTER OF ~!ISTORIC PLACES COUNTY Anne Arundel INVE~ITOr.Y • ~:041NATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ~-----1 EUTRY NUMOER I CATE (Continu;:ition Sheet) I (Number •ll entries)
7. Description (Continued) (1) London Town Publik House BOUKDAJff Although the cm;nty of Anne Jlrundel has acquired 10.~4 acres of laid around t'i.e ?ublik House it does little to secure a protective environment for the house. The area is moderately nopulated and houses are built rie;ht to tne far edge of the deep culvert forr:ied by t'.1e old ferry ap::roach road. For this reason the bo-.ndary is being <1rav-m to include only the lane imriediately surrouncing the Publik House but includin~ additional land on the far side of the old ferry dock to keep ti1is i:~nortant feflture within the landm2rk. Beginning at t ~1e southec;st corner of trie lcnd"'!ark, t:;.e boundary lies along t~e far side of the 'nper ridge of t'1e old ferry ,_iocks at the southern property line of the adjoining pro:?erty be~inning at t'le river bc;:-ik and extendin~ to a point in line with t':-le armroach roac at the !]lace ;.;here it curves to pass .:·efore t>-ie house, then from this point following along the far edr,e of the ao'Jro2ch road to tlie ~lace wnere it wiriens for a turn-ciround then east in a line fro~ t ·is point to the riverbank(tnis line falls within a declivity to the nort:1 of the house), t;1en south a lonp; the river -- bank to the point of oec;innin~, as shown on t ·,e sketc'1 :nap in red. I I i
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Gl'O 921-724 I'· SIGNIFICANCE
PERIOD (Check One or More•• Appropriate) O Pre.·Columbian i 0 16th Century jg 18th Century 0 20th Century 0 15th Century 0 17th Century 0 19th Century
SPECIFIC DATEISI (if Applicable and Known) 1745-50
AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Aboriginal 0 Education 0 Political 0 Urban Planning 0 Prehistoric 0 Engineering 0 Religion/Phi- 0 Other (Specify) 0 Historic 0 Industry losophy 0 Agriculture 0 Invention D Science ~ Architecture 0 Landscape 0 Sculpture 0 Art Architecture 0 Socio I/Human- 0 Commerce 0 Literature itorian 0 Cornmuni cations 0 Military 0 Theater Conservation 0 0 Music 0 Transportation
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
London Town Publik House, erected around 1745-50 is an outstanding example of a large, seven-bay wide, brick inn of excellent Georgian design. With its original simple interiors unaltered and much of the z original glass and hardware intact, the inn maintains its integrity as 0 an unusually complete example of colonial architecture at its functional best.
London Town Public House, located on the south bank of the South River, about 4 miles from Annapolis, was constructed around 1745-50 as a large inn to serve a major north-south turnpike and its .ferry crossing at South River. All land travellers passed by way of London Town Ferry to and from Philadelphia and Annapolis, Williamsburg or Mount Vernon. The overgrown remains of the deeply sunken ferry approach road are still z visible a few yards south of the inn. Sites of original houses can be discerned from infra-red photographs of the area. Located on the original land grant to Colonel William Burgess, the town of London Town w was composed of about 101 lots of which the Publik House was lot number 74, bounded by Fish and Scott Streets. Today it is the only building of the town which remains intact. The structure and ten acres of land were acquired by Anne Arundel County in 1828 and the building was utilized until 1966 as an Alms or County Poor House. The house is now being reconditioned for use as a county museum. + ' t ~ MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES ~ .. Letter, Mrs. Marshall H. Nelker, Chairman, London Town Publik House Conunission, to Roy E. Appleman, Acting Chief, Office of Archeology an cl Historic Preservation, August 11 ~ 1967, property files, 'Historic Sites Survey, NPS, Washington, D.C. Carey, Laurel s., "This is London Town, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, U.S.i . ", (unpublished report completed for Mrs. Marshall H. Nelker), 1967, unpaged
f])o~ /(;EOGRAPHICAL DATA •,
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES L"-TITUC"E'. A.NC L0NGIT'"JDE COORDINATE~ DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING T.HE PRODE"F>TY 0 DEFINING Tl-ic. <.;t."'T~R POINl OF A P«OPERTY R OF LESS TH~N TEN ACRES CORNER I U1M LATITUDE LONGI TtJDE I Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Min\Jtes Seconds NW 0 . 0 . . NE I I 18.366510.LJ1121D SE c:w -- .- I I. APPROXIM·A·T~ ACREAGE OF NO~INATEIJ PROPERTY: 1 !LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES "" STATE: CODE COUNTY CODE m m STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE - STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE z "" STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE -4 :::0 .· ...... / ...·. ·.. •· : •· : .. > .•. ,,, •. ,,,•: .••.. ·••• ··••· ... /•.•.::.::·.· ... :·:.•·:-,...·:/• 3.:li!FORM PREPAREO BY. .· ·.·.• ...... :· .:. ······ c:: NAME AND TITLE: Patricia Heintzelman, Architectural Historian, Landmarks Review n P-rn;P~T· n,..;ain"ll f',...... , -' 1-. •• r'l.-~1-- .C::np.l ORGANIZATION - . . ' DATE -4 Historic Sites Survey, National Park Service 7/30/74 - STREET AND NUMBER: 0 UO_Q L Street NW z CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE Washington D.C. 11 "" :·:···· tJ!M:§.!,t.]:E: LtAISON OFFICER CERTIFtCAHoH : > > NATIONAL REGISTER VERtFlCATION ..
As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na· I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665}, I hereby nominate this property for inclusion National Register. -- • ,...... - ,..,..,...,T .- in the National Register and certify that it has been ,(l~!:. .'l'l J1::.. ~, -· -- \J.J,.·• .:.. - ,.valuated accordini:( to the c-iteria and procewres set LAUDM..\...'1.K'.:; i Landnc:{ forth by the National Park Service. The recommended . lj. F. , It?. i Director, Oflice at Archeology and Hi 1 tor'fC'.~~~ip;:' 'etll..-r'1lll1on l'.1· level of significance of this nomination is: Llu.~C National 0 State 0 Local 0 ! : T~~01:iTc l~.tSI011AL ET:~ -· l ...... (NATIClU1.T, TL.:i ~ __._ ' LhllJ~~'-' 1 • 1 t. ~Ut' ""l'i-' .r i .II .. 0 1,... _:--.. l , 'I :i.· 'T ~ ) D·.1te LAND .... .r ..-.o ?j7.~!.~ Name C!1icl & ~'-4~C ATTEST: ~>t. A,.-::!1 ~-l:v .... .:. ·:;
Title ~::;;,-:;• l . ' (llATION/l:T, !H ~T()n.TC Keeper of The Nation. . J/N ().,_~ 2_ ~~((~ 4 VI-)."'(.< .. .. UNDMAJ-'.~:_;) Date Date Dir::ct •. :. o:~. -~~ CITY OR TOWN: vicinity of Annapolis STATE: I CODE I COUNTY: I CODE Maryland I I Anne Arundel I nn"t 1;~ MAP REF!Rf;HCE . z SOURCE: o.;-,. __ - U.S.G.S. 7.5' Seri P.c:: .C::n11t-J.. . . w iSC"LE: 1:24000 ' ~ DATE: 1957 . :·.,, ..rt 1Q70 w ~ .. .. .•.. . ·· .. · .?.ti>?/ ·:,:·· .. :.:· : •. ... [.ftJ~tQUIR EMENTS ·...... ·.• .. .: .. ::••·:. •· ·.. :> ... : : .. :· :(· TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL·MAPS 1. Property broundaries where required. 2. North arrow. 3. Latitude and longitude reference. .. ' ~ , .. :·: ··~ • 111 t 0$ JJ4JU I§ OW. ii a_ u LUJ.J J : A4WSJ_Ut ZM$.Jb Lit I 4J4 'fT'"- _ !it.; ti n-·m wt re ,,-.,, ,, dew :r -.,_ ttt' u s +tj .... ,, 10.3.,, ... UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland COUNTY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Anne Arundel . PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) ENTRY NUMBER I OATE . I >N~E- COMMON: London Town Publik House ANO/OR HISTORIC: London Town Publik House . .. •LOCATION .:- ·: .. '/. .... - .· ~TREET ANO NUMBER: End of London Town Road on bank of South River. CITY OR TOWN: vicinity of Annapolis STATE: cqoE lcoUNTY: I COOE Maryland ...... I Anne Arundel I 003 ::··. ·-.· .. ... /_. / .••.: .. : ..--• f.'flOTO RE FERENCE ) . :-'< . .. ·:. -- .... •· ..- - !PHOTO CREOI T: Patricia Heintzelman ~ATE OF PHOTO: July l~/4 "'EGATIVE FIL.EC AT: Historic Sites Survey, NPS - . ~-· . . :JOENTIFfCATION -:":::: .. • .... :· . -·_/:: ...... -····· OESC-RIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. --- View of original cupboard southeast room. ~ ------*--u_s_GOVER---->MENT---PRIN---TlNG---OF-F_~_E_•_97_3-_7_z_9_.,_s2_1_14_4_6_m_-_1~~--.J~ STATE •301a UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland COUNTY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Anne Arundel PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER CATE (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) '=OMMON: '5TREET ANO NUMBER: End of London Town Road on bank of South River - CITY OR TOWN: vicinity of Annapolis STATE: Maryland 'HOTO REFERENCE - .) REOIT: Historic Sites 1 ~ ,~_~_-~~~~~1 ~. DIRECTION, ETC. View down center hall toward the west. ~"()_.~,_ _·r J$1$) !Qi 442 S3I sea.• bS I JOIUM . I ;n I AQJ £A. ca 2$1 eta 0 ~-: "-~ . - .. , St ntM'C'7 '( t r* t m· at' rN d 5 f 6 $' D. ,. -·•e' Mtf • STATE Form N o. 10-3010. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (7/72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland COUNTY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Anne Arundel PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) I DATE I % 11.l NAME· :·. "·.· > 0 COMMON: London Town Publik House ANDIOR HISTORIC: London Town p11hlik Ho11c::P ..... 12~ LOCAT10N >" .. ... :. >·:< .c ·. ::··\; :.:.:-... "· ... u !STREET ANO NUMBER: End of London Town Road :::> CITY OR TOWN: vicinity of Annapolis ..."' STATE: I CODE COUNTY: I CODE Maryland I L.4 Anne Arundel I 003 ) . •:::: ...... < ... : .,· . . :z Pk' PttOTO REFERENCE .· .·· .. .: ·•·•.<<< '(\/,: ::·: ... .. !PHOTO CREDIT: Patr1c1a Heintzelman iOATE OF PHOTO: July B/4 w "4EGATIVE FILED AT: w Historic Sites Survey, NPS •· .,..,. .•. ·: ...... :..>.:.:- .• :::·: . .... 14l#DENTIFICATIO~ : ... ::.:... . ·•· .... • .. OESC.RIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. View of West and South facades from the west. South was the ferry approach. I 'f< U SGOllERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1973-729· 152/ 1446 ffi-1 "::>.L3 'NOl.L::l31HO 'M31/\ 3Bllol_::IS30 vL6T Tnr :o.LOHd ,,io 3.LYO z "' 'A.LNnO::> 300::> -t :::0 c paoH UMoi uopuo1 JO pu3 :i,i:;ia .... nN ONY .L33lol.L n -t 0 z: .&.YO "' . J.. 1NO 3Sn SdN ~0.:1 WHO:J HdYH~OJ.OHd AJ.H3 dOH d tapun.rv ;}uuv ~ ;J :l't' "l ff '.) UI 0 H Ul .:Ul..11.3...!2.l !lll 1~0.U Y N r a ¥. :us a I 2 IZQ "• he t - t - 1 r ·a - n;- t '@ * I ' ." Form No. 10-30'1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STA"J;E RH. 7-72 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland COUNTY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Anne Arundel PROPERTY MAP FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with map) ENTRY NUMBER 1 OATE l ·.· z m NAME .. . 0 COMMON: London Town Publik House ANO/OR HISTORIC: London Town Publik House 12/}:l.OCATI~ ' STREET ANO NUMBER: End of London Town Road CITY OR TOWN: vicinity of Annapolis STATE: I COOE I CO.UN TY: l CODE Maryland I I Anne Arundel r 003 -. 1$f MA.fl REFERENCE . ' .. - ·.·. -:· <" .. z SOURCE: Sketch map done by- Patricia Heintz""1~~: ,.:i,..., •. ""' on site. w $CALE: no scale. DATE: l~/4 w -~ . . . •·• ·.. · . ,,, ij:f:•tcutREMENTS ...... · .. ,.,, ·-'-·· .. - TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS 1. Property broundaries where required. 2. North arrow. 3. Latitude and longitude reference. INT: ISS-72 ' ; 42 cg 21! ; x _uaps sq ; 4 &.. .iJ¢. $41$ - I . $ $ ; .a: Ui4 &a&SL.-- 4 .- 4;; _-.cur . :"\ .k.·."illilllllliilmliit ...... J.. -1.,..... ______...., __ ...... ,_.,, .... ,...... ill ..... -... +.< ,,.. '%-'¥' r) n Ft •• :; BoT .AA/IC.AL GA~Oe'.A/ \. \ Rtse. I... "- LaNl1r~ +01.11,v .As~oc1A-f 1#....., - Hovs <.. '3- ·- ~" ·~~·I , J, \J ,1 ...... Qt "" ..J~'"' "< . . ,, ·' 0 ~ 17 I 16 17 /4 ; ayo, '\ 22 ; ."------ \ /4 \ ·-~ II) ' • • •