Use of Fluralaner on 4 Dogs with Trombiculosis
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Evaluation of Fluralaner and Afoxolaner Treatments to Control Flea
Dryden et al. Parasites & Vectors (2016) 9:365 DOI 10.1186/s13071-016-1654-7 RESEARCH Open Access Evaluation of fluralaner and afoxolaner treatments to control flea populations, reduce pruritus and minimize dermatologic lesions in naturally infested dogs in private residences in west central Florida USA Michael W. Dryden1*, Michael S. Canfield2, Kimberly Kalosy1, Amber Smith1, Lisa Crevoiserat1, Jennifer C. McGrady1, Kaitlin M. Foley1, Kathryn Green2, Chantelle Tebaldi2, Vicki Smith1, Tashina Bennett1, Kathleen Heaney3, Lisa Math3, Christine Royal3 and Fangshi Sun3 Abstract Background: A study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two different oral flea and tick products to control flea infestations, reduce pruritus and minimize dermatologic lesions over a 12 week period on naturally infested dogs in west central FL USA. Methods: Thirty-four dogs with natural flea infestations living in 17 homes were treated once with a fluralaner chew on study day 0. Another 27 dogs living in 17 different homes were treated orally with an afoxolaner chewable on day 0, once between days 28–30 and once again between days 54–60. All products were administered according to label directions by study investigators. Flea populations on pets were assessed using visual area counts and premise flea infestations were assessed using intermittent-light flea traps on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and once between days 28–30, 40–45, 54–60 and 82–86. Dermatologic assessments were conducted on day 0 and once monthly. Pruritus assessments were conducted by owners throughout the study. No concurrent treatments for existing skin disease (antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, anti-fungals) were allowed. -
B Commission Regulation (Eu)
02010R0037 — EN — 29.09.2018 — 035.001 — 1 This text is meant purely as a documentation tool and has no legal effect. The Union's institutions do not assume any liability for its contents. The authentic versions of the relevant acts, including their preambles, are those published in the Official Journal of the European Union and available in EUR-Lex. Those official texts are directly accessible through the links embedded in this document ►B COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 37/2010 of 22 December 2009 on pharmacologically active substances and their classification regarding maximum residue limits in foodstuffs of animal origin (Text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 15, 20.1.2010, p. 1) Amended by: Official Journal No page date ►M1 Commission Regulation (EU) No 758/2010 of 24 August 2010 L 223 37 25.8.2010 ►M2 Commission Regulation (EU) No 759/2010 of 24 August 2010 L 223 39 25.8.2010 ►M3 Commission Regulation (EU) No 761/2010 of 25 August 2010 L 224 1 26.8.2010 ►M4 Commission Regulation (EU) No 890/2010 of 8 October 2010 L 266 1 9.10.2010 ►M5 Commission Regulation (EU) No 914/2010 of 12 October 2010 L 269 5 13.10.2010 ►M6 Commission Regulation (EU) No 362/2011 of 13 April 2011 L 100 26 14.4.2011 ►M7 Commission Regulation (EU) No 363/2011 of 13 April 2011 L 100 28 14.4.2011 ►M8 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 84/2012 of 1 L 30 1 2.2.2012 February 2012 ►M9 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 85/2012 of 1 L 30 4 2.2.2012 February 2012 ►M10 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 86/2012 of 1 L 30 6 2.2.2012 February 2012 ►M11 Commission -
Sgienge Bulletin
THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SGIENGE BULLETIN Vol. XXXVII, Px. II] June 29, 1956 [No. 19 of The Chigger Mites Kansas (Acarina, Trombiculidae ) BY Richard B. Loomis Abstract: Studies of the chigger mites in Kansas revealed 47 forms, con- sisting of 46 species in the following genera: Leeuwcnhoekia ( 1 ), Acomatacarus (3), Whartoraa (1), Hannemania (3), Trombicula (21), Speleocola (1), Euschbngastia (10), Pseudoschongastia (2), Cheladonta (1), Neoschongastia (2), and Walchia (1). Data were gathered in the period from 1947 to 1954. More than 14,000 mounted larvae were critically examined. All but one of the 47 forms were obtained from a total of 6,534 vertebrates of 194 species. Larvae of eight species of chiggers also were recovered from black plastic sampler plates placed on the substrate. Free-living nymphs and adults of all species seem to be active in warm weather. The time of oviposition differs in the different kinds, but there is little variation within a species. The exact time of emergence, abundance and disappearance of the larvae depends on the temperature of the environment. The species can be arranged according to their larval activity in two seasonal groups: the summer group (26 species) and the winter group (20 species). The seasonal overlap between these groups is slight. Rainfall and moisture content of the substrate affect the abundance of the larvae, but not the time of their emergence or disappearance. The summer species often have two genera- tions of larvae annually, but in the winter species no more than one generation is known. The larvae, normally parasitic on vertebrates, exhibit little host specificity. -
Identification of Transcriptome and Fluralaner Responsive Genes in The
Jia et al. BMC Genomics (2020) 21:120 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6533-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Identification of transcriptome and fluralaner responsive genes in the common cutworm Spodoptera litura Fabricius, based on RNA-seq Zhong-Qiang Jia1, Di Liu1, Ying-Chuan Peng1,3, Zhao-Jun Han1, Chun-Qing Zhao1* and Tao Tang2* Abstract Background: Fluralaner is a novel isoxazoline insecticide with a unique action site on the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR), shows excellent activity on agricultural pests including the common cutworm Spodoptera litura, and significantly influences the development and fecundity of S. litura at either lethal or sublethal doses. Herein, Illumina HiSeq Xten (IHX) platform was used to explore the transcriptome of S. litura and to identify genes responding to fluralaner exposure. Results: A total of 16,572 genes, including 451 newly identified genes, were observed in the S. litura transcriptome and annotated according to the COG, GO, KEGG and NR databases. These genes included 156 detoxification enzyme genes [107 cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s), 30 glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and 19 carboxylesterases (CarEs)] and 24 insecticide-targeted genes [5 ionotropic GABARs, 1 glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl), 2 voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), 13 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), 2 acetylcholinesterases (AChEs) and 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR)]. There were 3275 and 2491 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in S. litura treated with LC30 or LC50 concentrations of fluralaner, respectively. Among the DEGs, 20 related to detoxification [16 P450s, 1 GST and 3 CarEs] and 5 were growth-related genes (1 chitin and 4 juvenile hormone synthesis genes). -
Evaluation of Fluralaner As an Oral Acaricide to Reduce Tick Infestation
Pelletier et al. Parasites Vectors (2020) 13:73 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3932-7 Parasites & Vectors RESEARCH Open Access Evaluation of furalaner as an oral acaricide to reduce tick infestation in a wild rodent reservoir of Lyme disease Jérôme Pelletier1,2,3*, Jean‑Philippe Rocheleau2,4, Cécile Aenishaenslin1,2,3, Francis Beaudry5, Gabrielle Dimitri Masson1,2, L. Robbin Lindsay6, Nicholas H. Ogden2,7, Catherine Bouchard2,7 and Patrick A. Leighton1,2,3 Abstract Background: Lyme disease (LD) is an increasing public health threat in temperate zones of the northern hemisphere, yet relatively few methods exist for reducing LD risk in endemic areas. Disrupting the LD transmission cycle in nature is a promising avenue for risk reduction. This experimental study evaluated the efcacy of furalaner, a recent oral aca‑ ricide with a long duration of efect in dogs, for killing Ixodes scapularis ticks in Peromyscus maniculatus mice, a known wildlife reservoir for Borrelia burgdorferi in nature. Methods: We assigned 87 mice to 3 furalaner treatment groups (50 mg/kg, 12.5 mg/kg and untreated control) administered as a single oral treatment. Mice were then infested with 20 Ixodes scapularis larvae at 2, 28 and 45 days post‑treatment and we measured efcacy as the proportion of infesting larvae that died within 48 h. At each infesta‑ tion, blood from 3 mice in each treatment group was tested to obtain furalaner plasma concentrations (C p). Results: Treatment with 50 mg/kg and 12.5 mg/kg furalaner killed 97% and 94% of infesting larvae 2 days post‑treat‑ ment, but no signifcant efect of treatment on feeding larvae was observed 28 and 45 days post‑treatment. -
THE GENUS GUNTHERANA (Acarina, Trombiculidae)
Pacific Insects 2 (2) : 195-237 July 31, 1960 THE GENUS GUNTHERANA (Acarina, Trombiculidae) By Robert Domrow QUEENSLAND INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL RESEARCH, BRISBANE ABSTRACT The genus Guntherana is enlarged to include the chiggers from Australia and New Guinea previously assigned to Euschongastia s. 1. (except those of the subgenus Walchiel- la, which should be restored to generic rank). Two subgenera, Eerrickiella and Gun therana s. s., are recognized on both nymphal and larval characters, and each contains 2 species groups recognizable on larval characters alone. The subgeneric division by lar val characters parallels that by nymphal characters. Twenty-six species have been transferred, and 4 new species described, bringing the total to 33, including the 3 species already in the genus (kallipygos, tindalei, trans lucens'). Keys are given to the larval subgenera, species groups and species, but the nymphs are too alike morphologically to be profitably keyed, except at a subgeneric level. The following 26 larval names are combined for the first time with Guntherana: andromeda Womersley, antipodiana Hirst, cassiope Worn., coorongensis Hirst, dasycerci Hirst, derricki Worn., dumosa Worn., echymipera Worn. & Kohls, foliata Gunther, heaslipi Worn. & Heaslip, innisfailensis Worn. & Heas., mackerrasae Worn., mccullochi Worn., parva Worn., perameles Worn., peregrina Worn., Petrogale Worn., pseudomys Worn., queensland ica Worn., shieldsi Gun., similis Worn. & Heas., smithi Worn., trichosuri Worn., newmani Worn., womersleyi Gun., & wongabelensis Worn. Four new larval species are described from Queensland—G. (D.) petulans from Rattus assimilis, Melomys cervinipes and Hypsi prymnodon moschatus; G. (Z>.) rex from R. assimilis; G. (G.) emphyla from Isoodon macrourus, Perameles nasuta and M. cervinipes; and G. -
What's Eating You? Chiggers
CLOSE ENCOUNTERS WITH THE ENVIRONMENT What’s Eating You? Chiggers Dirk M. Elston, MD higger is the common name for the 6-legged larval form of a trombiculid mite. The larvae C suck blood and tissue fluid and may feed on a variety of animal hosts including birds, reptiles, and small mammals. The mite is fairly indiscrimi- nate; human hosts will suffice when the usual host is unavailable. Chiggers also may be referred to as harvest bugs, harvest lice, harvest mites, jiggers, and redbugs (Figure 1). The term jigger also is used for the burrowing chigoe flea, Tunga penetrans. Chiggers belong to the family Trombiculidae, order Acari, class Arachnida; many species exist. Trombiculid mites are oviparous; they deposit their eggs on leaves, blades of grass, or the open ground. After several days, the egg case opens, but the mite remains in a quiescent prelarval stage. Figure 1. Chigger mite. After this prelarval stage, the small 6-legged larvae become active and search for a host. During this larval 6-legged stage, the mite typically is found attaches at sites of constriction caused by clothing, attached to the host. After a prolonged meal, the where its forward progress has been impeded. Penile larvae drop off. Then they mature through the and scrotal lesions are not uncommon and may be 8-legged free-living nymph and adult stages. mistaken for scabies infestation. Seasonal penile Chiggers can be found throughout the world. In swelling, pruritus, and dysuria in children is referred the United States, they are particularly abundant in to as summer penile syndrome. -
VII Conference of the European Wildlife Diseases Association VII
VII Conference of the European Wildlife Diseases Association 27thth-30thth September 2006 Aosta Valley, ITALY Contents Welcome 3 Conference programme 5 Abstracts Oral Presentations 13 Poster Presentations 37 Conference Committee 79 Index by Authors 85 List of Participants 1 2 Welcome! On behalf of the Wildlife Diseases Association, the National Reference Centre for Wildlife Diseases (Ce.R.M.A.S.) and the Italian Society of Ecopathology (SIEF) we are happy to welcome you to S.Vincent and the 7th Conference of the European section of the Wildlife Diseases Association. The scientific programme is really varied and ranges from invertebrate to mammals. We have chosen some topics that are of great concern among professional and ordinary people, such as wildlife and emerging diseases, wildlife diseases and conservation, wildlife diseases monitoring and risk of disease transmission between wildlife and domestic animals. Data exchange and discussion are the goal of every scientific meeting. We hope our organization efforts will create a friendly and stimulating environment and allow all of us to increase not only our culture, but also our friendship. The front line of wildlife diseases research in Europe, but also from other continents, is presented in the more than 120, oral or poster, presentations. We can learn from them and increase our ability to preserve both wildlife and public health. We hope you will enjoy the conference and your stay in Italy! Ezio Ferroglio Riccardo Orusa SIEF Ce.R.M.A.S 3 4 Conference Programme 5 6 Conference Programme Wednesday 27th September 2006 14:30-15:30 Registration 15:30-18:00 Opening Ceremony 18:00 Welcome cocktail Thursday 28th September 2006 8:00-9:00 Registration “Wildlife Disease surveillance in Key Note Speaker 9:00-10:00 Europe“. -
Cover Memo Isoxazolines Inquires
Name: Isoxazoline inquiries DATE:10/1/2018 This serves as the response to your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request for records regarding adverse event reports received for afoxolaner, fluralaner, lotilaner and sarolaner. A search of CVM’s Adverse Drug Event (ADE) database was performed on 10-01-2018. The search parameters were: Active ingredient(s): afoxolaner, fluralaner, lotilaner and sarolaner Reports received: From 09-04-2013 through 07-31-2018 Case type: Spontaneous ADE report Species: All Route of administration: All For each drug (active ingredient), we have provided the ‘CVM ADE Comprehensive Clinical Detail Report Listing’, which is a cumulative listing of adverse experiences in reports submitted to CVM. General Information about CVM’s ADE Database The primary purpose for maintaining the CVM ADE database is to provide an early warning or signaling system to CVM for adverse effects not detected during pre-market testing of FDA- approved animal drugs and for monitoring the performance of drugs not approved for use in animals. Information from these ADE reports is received and coded in an electronic FDA/CVM ADE database. CVM scientists use the ADE database to make decisions about product safety which may include changes to the label or other regulatory action. CVM’s ADE reporting system depends on detection and voluntary reporting of adverse clinical events by veterinarians and animal owners. The Center's ADE review process is complex, and for each report takes into consideration confounding factors such as: Dosage Concomitant drug use The medical and physical condition of animals at the time of treatment Environmental and management information Product defects Name: Isoxazoline inquiries DATE:10/1/2018 Extra-label (off label) uses The specifics of these complex factors cannot be addressed in the CVM ADE Comprehensive Clinical Detail Report Listing. -
Preventing Unsafe Chemicals in Food Using Triple Quadrupole LC/MS
WWW.FOODQUALITYANDSAFETY.COM You Are What You Eat Preventing Unsafe Chemicals In Food Using Triple Quadrupole LC/MS Sponsored by: Unbelievably Robust, Remarkably Versatile Trying to keep up with growing demands and challenges in the lab can be an overwhelming task. At Agilent, we are consistently innovating to help you meet those needs. We’ve taken the trusted 6470A LC/TQ and added some new features to this workhorse. The 6470B LC/TQ is enhanced to maximize productivity with new technology for reduced downtime. Now you don’t have to choose between rock-solid performance and flexibility. Visit www.agilent.com/chem/6470B © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2021 Contents From The Editor www.foodqualityandsafety.com By Samara E. Kuehne esticide residues that remain in or on vegetables, 3 fruits, herbs, honey, oil, seeds, and food of animal From the Editor Porigin can pose major threats to human health and to the environment. Improperly used veterinary drugs BY SAMARA E. KUEHNE and antibiotics can accumulate in food derived from animals, which can also adversely affect consumers. 4 Additionally, mycotoxins, produced primarily by the As- pergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium fungi, have the po- Comprehensive LC/MS/MS Workflow of tential to contaminate a variety of common foods, such Pesticide Residues in High Water, High Oil, as grains, nuts, cocoa, and milk, and present an ongoing and High Starch Sample Matrices Using the challenge to food safety all along the food chain. Agilent 6470 Triple Quadrupole LC/MS System Limiting exposure to these potentially life-threatening contaminants in food and animal feed is critically im- BY AIMEI ZOU, SASHANK PILLAI, PETER KORNAS, MELANIE SCHOBER, portant. -
Die Herbstmilbe Neotrombicula Autumnalis Und Andere Parasitische Laufmilben (Acaria, Trombiculidae) Als Verursacher Von Hauterkrankungen in Mitteleuropa
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Denisia Jahr/Year: 2002 Band/Volume: 0006 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kampen Helge Artikel/Article: Die Herbstmilbe Neotrombicula autumnalis und andere parasitische Laufmilben (Acaria, Trombiculidae) als Verursacher von Hauterkrankungen in Mitteleuropa. 461-476 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Die Herbstmilbe Neotrombicula autumnalis und andere parasitische Laufmilben (Acari, Trombiculidae) als Verursacher von Hauterkrankungen in Mitteleuropa Helge KAMPEN 1 Einleitung 462 2 Systematik 462 3 Morphologie 463 4 Verbreitung und Ökologie 464 5 Lebenszyklus 466 6 Klinik der Trombidiose 468 7 Diagnostik und Therapie 470 8 Bekämpfung und Prophylaxe 470 9 Trombikuliden als Krankheitsüberträger 472 10 Zusammenfassung 474 11 Literatur 474 Denisia 6, zugleich Kataloge des OÖ. Landesmuseums, Neue Folge Nr. 184 (2002), 461-476 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Abstract: the population's sometimes enormous suffering, research on this group of mites has been neglected for decades. Hence, our The harvest mite Neotrombicula contemporary knowledge on the biology and ecology of the Trombiculidae is fragmentary only and requires furthear re- autumnalis and other parasitic search. At present, neither can typical habitats be defined nor trombiculids (Acari, Trombiculidae) effective control measures recommended. In Asia the trombi- as the etiologic agents of dermatoses culids have been known for a long time as vectors of Tsutsu- in Central Europe gamushi-disease (scrub typhus), a rickettsiosis of man. As far as Central Europe is concerned, they are not regarded as vec- For several years, but for unknown reasons, the harvest mite tors of disease, but cannot be excluded as such, because syste- Neotrombicula autumnalis and related trombiculid species matic scientific studies are lacking. -
Ácaros Trombiculídeos De Mamíferos (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae)
ÁCAROS TROMBICOLÍDEOS DE MAMÍFEROS (TROMBIDIFORMES: TROMBICULIDAE) MAMMALS CHIGGER MITES (TROMBIDIFORMES: TROMBICULIDAE) F.C. Jacinavicius 1,2 , R. Bassini-Silva 1, J.A. Mendoza-Roldan 1,2 & D.M. Barros-Battesti 1,2 1Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo; 2Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, FMVZ-USP, São Paulo. No mundo são conhecidas mais de 3.000 espécies de trombiculídeos, em sua maioria, descritas do estágio larval. Nas regiões Neártica e Neotropical são conhecidos aproximadamente 100 gêneros. A larva de Trombiculidae é ectoparasita de vertebrados, podendo o homem fazer o papel de hospedeiro acidental. Nos anos 40, os estudos foram mais intensificados, especialmente durante a II guerra mundial, aumentando consideravelmente o número de espécies conhecidas. Soldados foram atacados em diversas partes do mundo e contraíram ricketsioses provenientes de larvas de trombiculídeos infectados (Wharton & Fuller 1952). Segundo estes autores, diante da situação, os departamentos de saúde pública se depararam com a necessidade de estudos de catalogação, descrição, morfologia e biologia desses ácaros. Algumas espécies são potenciais vetores de Rickettsia spp., mas o real papel desses ácaros na epidemiologia das riquetsioses é ainda desconhecido na região Neotropical. A última revisão de gêneros e espécies de trombiculídeos para essa região foi realizada por (Brennan & Goff 1977). No Brasil, os estudos desses ácaros tiveram seu auge nos anos 50 (Fonseca 1955), mas foram reduzidos à esparsas contribuições nas décadas seguintes e praticamente não houve nenhuma revisão taxonômica nos últimos 50 anos. No Japão Miyajima & Okimura (1917) e Takahashi et al. (2004) descreveram que as larvas de algumas espécies de Leptotrombidium disseminam tsutsugamushi que é uma rickettsiose humana causada por Orientia tsusugamushi .