SIGNIFICATION CONCEPTS IN GUDANG GARAM CIGARATTE ADVERTISEMENTS FROM THE 80s, 90s, and 2000s

1Cempaka Maharani Alam, 2Raudya Tujzahra, 3Regina Ayu Harna Shindy, 4Tani Sintia Lestari 1,2,3,4 Faculty of Letters and Cultures, Gunadarma University 1,2,3,4 Jl. Margonda Raya No. 100, Depok 16424, Jawa Barat [email protected],2 [email protected],3 [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract Advertising is one of the most effective and efficient tools since it combines audio and visual to display, describe, and demonstrate the advertised product in a short time. Gudang Garam television advertisements in 80s, 90s, 2000s are chosen to be analyzed since the three of which are considered to be the representatives of Gudang Garam advertisements in each decade. The aim of this research is to find out the signification concepts represented in Gudang Garam advertisements. Considering the nature of the source data, this research uses qualitative as method. The research employed semiotic approach and Stuart Hall’s Representation as tools of analysis. The results are the significations concept that is used in the the first advertisement aired in the 80s is the universality of Gudang Garam cigarette consumers. Meanwhile, in the second advertisement, the signification concept found is the masculinity of Gudang Garam consumers. However, the signification concept found in the third advertisement is the modernization image of Gudang Garam as a cigarette manufacturer.

Keywords: representation, semiotics, signification, television advertisement

INTRODUCTION Advertising is a way companies use to perfumes, cigarette advertisements in publicize and promote their products to the Indonesia cannot freely display their products public. According to Svetlana (2014), as regulated for the first time in Law No. 23 advertisement is the information distributed in Year 1992 on Health. Furthermore, in 1997, any way, in any form, or by any means, cigarette advertisements stop showing models addressed to an uncertain number of people who are as a new regulation is set and aimed at attracting attention to the subject forth in Law No. 24 Year 1997 of of advertising, the establishment, or Broadcasting that explicitly mentions maintenance of interest in it and its promotion , and states that commercial on the market. Thus, in advertising a product, broadcasts are prohibited from publishing advertisement is made so that the public advertisements that describe the use of know, recognize, remember, and then buy the cigarettes. advertised product by displaying the benefits, With the enforcement of the regulations, the usabilities, and the results of its usage. cigarette manufacturers are looking for other However, unlike the advertising of products and more creative ways to promote their such as instant noodles, juices, make ups, or products, one of which is by focusing on the

Alam, Tujzahra, Shindy, Lestari, Signification Concepts in… 25 https://doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.1997 representation of their cigarette products and have the same picture. The third research is their target market. written by Seto Hidayat in 2012 entitled Youth Previously, a lot of research had been Culture Representation in A-Mild Cigarette Billboard conducted to analyze cigarette Advertisements “Go Ahead” Versions (A Semiotic advertisements. The three of these studies Analysis). The research aims to reveal how the were then used by researchers as references in representation of youth culture presented in this study. The first research is research on six the A-Mild of cigarette advertisements using British American print semiotic approach. Thus, the research showed advertisements in Nigeria entitled A Semiotic that youth was the main part of these Analysis of Selected British American Tobacco Print advertisements. It was described through Advertisements in Nigeria by Julianah Bola de picture role models and wordplays that used Adenjini in 2016. It seeks to identify the by the cigarette advertisers. cultural values reflected in the advertisement. The previous research findings above The cultural values identified are love for analyze similar topic which is the fashion, education, promotion of locally made representation of certain cigarette products, development of culture through advertisements. However, the researchers drama and agriculture. The paper concludes above are different from the researchers‟ by asserting that culture is a driving force for analysis because in this research, researchers successful multinational advertisements. are interested to analyze three versions of Gudang The second research is conducted by Garam cigarette advertisements from the 80s, Tazkiyatul Fikriyah A‟la in 2011 entitled A 90s and 2000s to seek the differences of how Semiotic Analysis on The A-Mild they represent their cigarette products Advertisement using Roland Barthes’ Theory. throughout the years. Roland Barthes The third research is written by Seto Hidayat semiotics theory has been used to analyze the in 2012 entitled Youth Culture Representation significations concepts that are represented in in A-Mild Cigarette Billboard Advertisements Gudang Garam advertisements. “Go Ahead” Versions (A Semiotic Barthes semiotic thought is highly used Analysis).The writer attempts to analyze the in media studies that focused on semiological connotation meanings of the verbal and non- analysis of various media such as verbal signs of A-Mild advertisements. In advertisements, films, music videos, and analyzing those advertisements, the writer magazines. Basically, Barthes extends Saussure‟s finds five signs in each version of signifier-signified by adding an additional advertisement which all of it have the same element to the process. He applied Saussure‟s verbal sign and different color, but not the notions of signification to visual analysis and picture. Only the third and the fourth picture cultural theory (Aiello, 2006). Barthes in

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“The photographic message” (1961/1977) and representation as the process by which “Rhetoric of the image” (1964/1977) uses a meaning is produced and exchanged between linguistic approach for the study of visual members of a culture through the use of communication, claiming that visual language, signs and images which stand for or signification can be articulated into the two represent things. Thus, representation can be separate levels of denotation and connotation. said as the link that connects concepts and The level of denotation corresponds to the languages with the ability to help us to relate literal meaning of an image, the immediate to objects, people and events of the real and meaning relating to what is objectively imaginary worlds. According to Hall, it is the represented the image. The level of practice of representation, constructed connotation corresponds to the symbolic or through signifying while the real world itself ideological meaning of an image, which does not convey meaning. Instead, meaning- corresponds to the meaning - or range of making relies two different but related possible meanings - inscribed by cultural systems of representation, which are concepts codes. The same denotative meaning can be and language. associated with different connotative Concepts are mental representations meanings, according to the historical and which are constructed from physical, material cultural context in which the message is objects that can be perceived by the senses produced and interpreted. Conversely, the (e.g. people or material objects, like chairs, same symbolic meaning can be expressed tables, and desks), or they may be abstract through different denotative meanings. things that cannot be directly seen, felt, or In “Mythologies” (1970/1990), Barthes touched of rather obscure and abstract things introduces an additional ideological layer to (e.g. concepts of war, death, friendship, or signification: myth. Whereas connotation is love). System of representation consists not of the ideological meaning that is attached to a individual concepts, but of different ways of specific sign, myth relates to ideological organizing, clustering, arranging and concepts that are evoked by a certain sign. classifying concepts, and of establishing These correspond to a worldview or “a complex relations between them (Hall, 1997). culture's way of thinking about something, a Concept of something can be known its way of conceptualizing or understanding it” meaning, but this meaning needs the second (Fiske, 1990; Aiello, 2006). system of representation to be communicated, This study also uses representation which is language. Language can include theory by Stuart Hall as a tool to analyze the written or spoken words, but it can also connection between signifying system and include visual images, gestures, body cultural concept. Hall (1997) describes language, music, or other stimuli such as

Alam, Tujzahra, Shindy, Lestari, Signification Concepts in… 27 https://doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.1997 traffic lights (Hall, 1997). It is important to signification concepts that are represented in note that language is completely arbitrary, Gudang Garam advertisements. The often bearing little resemblance to the things researchers also use representation theory by to which they refer. The general term used for Stuart Hall as a tool to analyze the connection words, sounds, or images which carry between signifying system and cultural meaning is signs. In agreement with Hall, concept. The researchers will descriptively these signs stand for or represent the concepts present the discussion and findings. and the conceptual relations between them and together they make up the meaning- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION systems of culture. Referring to this In this part, the researcher presents the understanding, therefore the objective of this discussion of the findings of the study. This research is to find out the signification part aims to find the significations concepts concepts that represented in Gudang Garam that are represented in Gudang Garam advertisements. advertisements. The first advertisement is the one that aired in the 80s. The analysis begins METHODS with a picture of the sun. In this This research analyzes about the advertisement, the sun is used as a symbol of signification concepts that are represented in the beginning of the day where people usually three Gudang Garam advertisements that start their daily routines in the morning. There aired in the 80s, 90s, and 2000s, and how it are two dominant colors in this picture. differs from each other. In doing so, this study Yellow and orange. These two colors hold an uses qualitative method to express and important role in catching the audience‟s understand meaning beneath a phenomena or attention. The bright pure yellow and orange sign. The research data collection is using tint is an attention getter. (Empowered by documentation technique. Khatib (2018) Color, n.d.) Bright colors are also associated explains the documentation technique is with joy, happiness, and energy. Gudang suitable for documenting audio-visual data. Garam tries to sell their product by showing Further, he stated the technique involving to the people that their cigarette can be identifying, classifying, and categorizing. The enjoyed at any time, including in the morning, data collection procedure resulted three-television and people can start their day with joy, advertisement; Gudang Garam Surya happiness and be energetic after they smoke “Lambang Kenikmatan”, Gudang Garam the cigarette. The scene goes on with a Merah “Action Train”, and Gudang Garam smiling young girl standing on a balcony, Merah “Drive In”. The data then analyzed by with the morning breeze swiping her hair to employing semiotic to understand the the side. After the balcony scene, she is

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explicitly shown smoking the Gudang Garam There are also many young people, who cigarette and she seems to enjoy it. While she appear to be at the same age, smoking and is smoking, her two male join her as walking around they have a good chat and laugh together. . 1. Gudang Garam Surya “LambangKenikmatan”

The appearance of the young female out with friends. Based on the makeup and actor is used as a representative for young hairstyle of the female actor, it is clearly generations. The use of young actors in shown that this advertisement is taken in the advertisements is believed to boost the 80s. Around that time, there was still no product sales. Industry executives refer to regulations of how cigarette manufacturers youth as a source of sales and as fundamental should advertise their products. So, cigarette to the survival of the manufacturers were still freely to show the act (Cummings et al., 2002). of smoking in their advertisements. In this scene, Gudang Garam also The next scene is the office room tried to portray that their cigarette is perfect scene where three people - consisted of one for any kind of situations, including hanging female and two males, with one of them is a

Alam, Tujzahra, Shindy, Lestari, Signification Concepts in… 29 https://doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.1997 foreigner, appear to be having a meeting. companion for white-collar workers, even in They are in the middle of signing a contract. an important meeting. Gudang Garam‟s target The female actor who seems to be a secretary is aligned with Thun‟s research in 2009, as he gives the local actor the paper that he needs to mentioned that dependence on manufactured sign. On the table, there are several things that cigarettes spread from men to women, from are visible to the eyes. Papers, pens, and there North to South, and from higher to lower is a pack of Gudang Garam cigarette on the social classes. table. The local actor is about to sign the Gudang Garam cigarette is meant for paper. After they signing the contract, the everyone, including a foreigner. They try to scene goes on with the secretary offers a emphasize that their cigarette is suitable in foreigner cigarette as a celebration The two any kind of situation by strategically put a male actors, who appear to be more superior pack of cigarettes on the table. It is a clever to the female actor, hold more significant role way to say that Gudang Garam cigarette is the for the advertisement regarding Gudang right companion in any type of situation, even Garam‟s target market. As it has already been in a formal situation like a meeting. After the mentioned before that Gudang Garam scene in the office room, it then shifts to an cigarette is for everyone and in any kind of outdoor situation where two construction situation which means it can be a good workers appear to be having a break from

their construction work. The scene appears to Ekman mentioned in his book (2003), it is be taken at noon. It is shown with the workers obvious from even a cursory glance that a are having their break. The two men are smile is the facial signal of the enjoyable shown wearing a yellow helmet, which emotions. A smile shows a broad enjoyment. represents one of the required equipment of a It can be seen when they are offered Gudang construction worker. While having a break, Garam cigarettes by their friend. It shows one of their friends offer them Gudang Garam how pleased they are with the offer. This cigarette. They respond to the offer by glimpse of enjoyment represents that the smiling widely. When they smile, it shows presence of Gudang Garam has already been that they are pleased with the offer. As well received in the society.

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The scene goes on with the such as klobot (dried corn leaves), tobacco appearance of Borobudur temple, one of the and clove. Gudang Garam is very detail on most well-known tourism objects in the process of making their cigarette. Indonesia. The appearance of Borobudur There are more than 100 tobacco temple is to represent Indonesia. Gudang varieties grown in Indonesia, over more than Garam proudly presents the audience that 250 thousand hectares of land, the majority of their products are made from Indonesia. which are located in Sumatra, Java, Bali and Gudang garam only uses Indonesia's herbs, Lombok

.

After the scene of Borobudur temple, good health. Then, the advertisement shows the advertisement shifts to a situation in a one of the athletes‟ scores a goal. This can be soccer field. This scene depicts the an evidence that cigarette advertising has atmosphere in a football tournament. Through connected itself to sports both for the this scene, cigarette manufacturer tries to pair connotations of health that sports provide, as smoking with active and healthy lifestyles. well as enhanced performance of athletes by They create associations between smoking chewing the cigarette. Actually, this idea is and athletic activities like football. These contradictory of the fact that cigarettes can activities are depicted in cigarette cause many harmful health effects such as advertisement as activities demanding a cancer, mouth and teeth problems, heart cigarette for enhanced performance and even disease and high blood pressure.

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On this advertisement as the for them. The advertisement ends with a appearance of foreigner, young people, old picture of Gudang Garam pack and a tagline. people, male and females, the sense of The cigarette tagline: Lambang Kenikmatan. portraying that Gudang Garam is for everyone In English, the tagline means The Symbol of to enjoy is strongly present. Gudang Garam Enjoyment. tries to convince the audience that their The tagline refers to the product of product is the perfect product for everyone - cigarette itself that Gudang Garam is a male, female, young, old, high class, middle symbol of enjoyment. As the advertisers class, lower class, locals or even foreigners. bluntly shows from the beginning until the No matter what the gender is, how old the end of the ad that Gudang Garam cigarettes people are, or what social status they are in, are perfect for everyone in any kind of Gudang Garam is the most suitable product situations. 2. Gudang Garam Merah “Action Train”

The second advertisement is the one jeans in Gudang Garam advertisements that was published in 1994. The beginning of Action Train version. Simple and the advertisement portrays a situation of a conservative clothes with a sleeveless vest, truck crash in the middle of the railway. The and jeans indicates the style of the New Order situation is very hectic, smokes everywhere. era man. The New Order government, People are panic because it is in the middle of spinning the period 1967-1998 under the railway. They try to move their things to President Soeharto, had regulated and limited the other side while the train is coming to young people in terms of appearance. For them. It then shows a man in a helicopter see example, hippies‟ style is forbidden in New the accident below. The man wears polo shirt Order era because the appearance of hippies with a combination of sleeveless vests and is western influence and it is identical to an anti-government movement. The New Order government. Then, in New Order era, the government did not want the appearance of government banned hippies and any other young people brought bad impact for the western influence. This caused men in the

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New Order era usually look simple and The scene then shifts to the man jumps conservative. In the next picture shows the off the helicopter and lands right on the train. face of a man staring coldly. The man has a He walks on the train, crawls through the brown face, strong jaw, and thick brows. tunnel, and encourages the machinist to stop Brown skin on men is identical to activities the train. outside the field that it is often exposed to The man did a dangerous action to stop direct sunlight. That is why men with brown the train in order to avoid the accident faces are considered more macho. According between the truck and the train. These to Prasetyono (2008), the stronger a person‟s dangerous actions indicate that the man in the jaw, the thicker the eyebrows, the more advertisement is a brave man. The use of dominant, vibrant, strong, aggressive, and helicopter and train reinforces bold actions dynamic the person is. like scenes in Hollywood action films. With all the characteristics mentioned Gudang Garam Manufacturer tries to build above, the man‟s face reinforces the social masculinity image in this advertisement. construction of masculinity in the New Order According to Deborah David and Robert era because it uses a male actor with an Indo Brannon (1976), one of the rules of face. The man‟s hair model also shown the masculinity is Give „em Hell. It means man time background of this advertisement which exude a manly air of violence, aggression, aired on television in 1994. and daring. Masculinity is demonstrated by

In that time, the hairstyle is believed to taking risks, by “going for it”. Male be the best hair cut for man to give dashing masculinity is associated with bravery, risk- and brave impression. taking, and boldness. The last scene shows a In the New Order era, President sign of cigarette variant, which is Gudang Suharto's government wanted Indonesia to be Garam MERAH (Red), resembling with the strong after long being colonized by color of the train and the color of the last foreigners. With a macho-colored brown scene. According to color psychology, red is face, it represents a masculine man who is associated with energy, strength, power as strong and courageous, typical of Indonesian well as passion, desire, and love. Those man in the era of the Soeharto presidential association become a representation of male government. masculinity. Besides the red background, the

Alam, Tujzahra, Shindy, Lestari, Signification Concepts in… 33 https://doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.1997 last scene also shows a picture of the train. its logo. Hence, the train and the masculinity The train represents Gudang Garam cigarette shown in the advertisement are the identity of because Gudang Garam put a train railway in Gudang Garam cigarette itself.

3. Gudang Garam Merah “Drive-in”

The last advertisement is a one- advertisement then shows Teguh and his minute-and-two-second“Nyalakanmerahmu!” employee standing side by side in front of (Fire up your red!) Advertisement that aired their new theater sign, looking at it proudly in 2009. It portrays a young man who owns a and optimistically. It then shows the traditional theater and concerns about the new Millenium Theater from the perspective of the and more modern theater across the street, brand new Teguh Theater, now Teguh Drive- Millennium Theater. Teguh (presumably the in. young man‟s name based on the name of his As shown in the advertisement, the theater, Teguh Theater) later in the tagline “Nyalakanmerahmu!” (Fire up your advertisement is inspired by the sight of red!) is revealed in a blazing fire before the people buying meals without stepping out of man in the advertisement starts to fire up his their car. This inspiration leads to an idea to enthusiasm and excitement to lead his theater reconstruct his theater. For a few seconds, the reconstruction. Based on the advertisement, tagline is shown in a blazing fire as Teguh the color red as in “Nyalakanmerahmu!” implies starts to fire up his enthusiasm and excitement enthusiasm, courage, confidence, and power. to start and lead his theater total This tagline is a representation of Gudang reconstruction. After the reconstruction is Garam invitation to its consumer so they finished, the advertisement shows that it could increase their enthusiasm, courage, becomes a drive-in theater with an additional confidence, and power to always work hard facility which is a hot dog stand. The and create something just like what Teguh reconstruction is shown as a pleasant change tries to portray in the advertisement. that it now attracts a lot of visitors. The However, this tagline also has another

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meaning. “Nyalakanmerahmu!” or Fire up quality of its products to meet its consumer‟s your red! could simply mean fire up or lit expectations, needs, and satisfactions. The your Gudang Garam Merah that encourage classical architectural of the theater with the consumers to buy and consume the cigarette. big and tall pillar which is shown in the In this advertisement, Teguh character beginning of the advertisement is a is portrayed as an image of man that Gudang representation of an ancient and old fashion Garam Cigarette Company tries to hint at building. Hence, the ancient and old fashion most of their ads that man should be public building leads to the representation of Gudang spirited and a courageous leader. This could Garam as the oldest (second after Djarum) be a representation connotes to Gudang cigarette company in Indonesia. The new and Garam‟s vision to be always marked by hard more modern theater across the street is the work, commitment, innovation, and proud representation of progression and innovation. achievement. The representation of Teguh Therefore, the progression and innovation can throughout the advertisement could also be a relate with the other representation which is representation of the company‟s Catur the other foreign and new cigarette Dharma (Four Ways of Life) which is noble manufacturers. The scene where the values that were instilled by Surya Millenium Theater is shown from the Wonowidjojo, the founder of Gudang Garam perspective of the brand new Teguh Theater cigarette company: 1) A meaningful and connotes that after Gudang Garam has useful life to the general public is a upgraded its products, it is ready to compete fundamental happiness; 2) Hard work, against other products from the other newer persistence, honesty, health, and faith is a manufacturers with its high-quality and even prerequisite of success; 3) Success cannot be better products. separated from the role and cooperation of Another representation found in this others; 4) Employees are the major business one-minute-two-second advertisement is from partner. the scene that shows Teguh and his employee Based on the analysis, the theater standing side by side looking proudly at their reconstruction is the representation of how the brand new theater sign. The way Teguh theater has an intention to be better. Thus, this motivates his employee by saying, intention to be better is the representation of “Kalaukitamau, pastimaju!” which means, “When hard work and persistence as it is stated in the there is a will, there is a way!” is a second Catur Dharma of the company that representation of the fourth point of the shows how Gudang Garam, as an older aforementioned company CaturDarma (Four cigarette manufacturer that has been around Ways of Life) which is employees are the since 1958, has always been upgrading the major business partner. The scene where

Alam, Tujzahra, Shindy, Lestari, Signification Concepts in… 35 https://doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.1997 Teguh and his employee standing side by side The signification concept used in the displays the way Gudang Garam cigarette second advertisement is the masculinity of company values its employees as an Gudang Garam consumers. Masculinity is important part of their massive success since demonstrated by the bravery, risk-taking and the day of its establishment. bold actions of the male actor shown in the advertisement. Gudang Garam tries to Signification Concepts Differences among reinforce macho image in New Order era, Three Advertisements spinning the period 1967-1998 under The signification concepts which are President Soeharto. The advertisement also found in the three cigarette advertisements of shows its time background which aired on Gudang Garam from the 80s, 90s, and 2000s television in 1994 through the actor are all different from one another. The appearance. signification concept that is used in the first The modernization image of Gudang advertisement that aired in the 80s is the Garam as a cigarette manufacturer is found as universality of Gudang Garam cigarette a signification concept used in the third consumers. While in the second advertisement from the 2000s. This concept advertisement, the signification concept found represents the change Gudang Garam make in is the masculinity of Gudang Garam their image as the one of the oldests cigarette consumers. However, the signification manufacturers in Indonesia. This change is a concept found in the third advertisement is representation of Gudang Garam effort to the modernization image of Gudang Garam as adjust their image so they could compete a cigarette manufacturer. against other foreign and new cigarette Universality of the consumers is the manufacturers that come across Indonesia concept used in the first advertisement. around this decade. Not only showing their Gudang Garam really emphasizes that their new image as a more modern cigarette product is made for everyone - represented by manufacturer, but Gudang Garam also trying the appearance of various actors: old, young, to reemphasize their position as the greatest male, female, local, foreigner, white-collar cigarette manufacturer in Indonesia. In workers and blue-collar workers. Moreover, contrast to the second advertisement which Gudang Garam also accentuates the idea that aired in the 90s that emphasizes the their cigarette is perfect for any possible masculinity in a man, in this advertisement, circumstances, such as having fun with Gudang Garam tries to bring up the same friends, formal meeting, even in a sports image as the first advertisement which aired event. in the 80s that cigarettes can be consumed by all genders.

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(2002). Marketing to America‟s youth: evidence from corporate CONCLUSION documents, 11 (1), i5–i17. The researchers found out the Color Psychology. (n.d.). Red color signification concepts in the three cigarette psychology and meaning. Retrieved from advertisements of Gudang Garam from three https://www.colorpsychology.org/r different periods of time - the 80s, 90s, and ed/ 2000s, are all different from one another. The Empowered by Color. (n.d.). Understanding the Meaning of Colors in Color significations concept that is used in the the Psychology. Retrieved from first advertisement that aired in the 80s is the https://www.empower-yourself- with-color- universality of Gudang Garam cigarette psychology.com/meaning-of- consumers. While in the second colors.html advertisement, the signification concept found Fiske, J. (1990). Introduction to Communications Studies. London: is the masculinity of Gudang Garam Routledge. consumers. However, the signification Hall, S., & Open University. (1997). concept found in the third advertisement is Representation: Cultural representations and signifying the modernization image of Gudang Garam as practices. London: Sage in a cigarette manufacturer. association with the Open University.

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Alam, Tujzahra, Shindy, Lestari, Signification Concepts in… 37 https://doi.org/10.35760/jll.2019.v7i1.1997 Svetlana, F. (2014). The Role Of Tbk, G. G. (n.d.). Catur Dharma. Retrieved from Advertising In Promoting A Product https://www.gudanggaramtbk.com/ Thesis Centria University Of Applied tentang-kami/#sejarah/ Sciences Degree Programme in Tbk, G. G. (n.d.). . Retrieved from https://www.gudanggaramtbk.com/ Industrial Management, (May), 58. kretek/#tembakaucengkeh Retrieved from Thun, M.J. (2009). The Evolving https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/hand Relationship of Social Class to and Lung le/10024/80777/Frolova_Svetlana.pdf Cancer, 101 (5), 285-287. doi: ?sequence=1%0Ahttps://www.theseu 10.1093/jnci/djp005 s.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/80777/Fr olova_Svetlana.pdf%0Ahttps://www.

google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc =s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&u act=8&ved=0ahUKEwj__

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