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By William Anderson Gittens Author, Cultural Practitioner, Media Arts Specialist and Publisher

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PPeeooppllee Vol.2 By William Anderson Gittens Author, Cultural Practitioner, Media Arts Specialist and Publisher ISBN 976Page-8080 1 of 90 -59-0 In memory of my father the late Charles A. Gittens People Vol.2 By William Anderson Gittens Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts, Author, Media Arts Specialist, Post Masters Works in Cultural Studies, and Publisher ISBN 976-8080-59-0 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of William Anderson Gittens the copyright owner. Typesetting, Layout Design, Illustrations, and Digital Photography by William Anderson Gittens Edited by Stewart Russell, Magnola Gittens and William Anderson Gittens Published by William Anderson Gittens Printed by Illuminat (Barbados) Ltd. Email address devgro@ hotmail.com Twitter account William Gittens@lisalaron https://www.facebook.com/wgittens2 www.linkedin.com/pub/william-gittens/95/575/35b/ Page 2 of 90 Foreword Through the lenses of a Media Arts Specialist I have discovered that People are ambassadors of their Creator and representatives of their Diaspora, operating within the universal space 1 . In this space the people whom I have referenced in this text are part of the world’s population totalling seven billion 2 who provided representation3, shared ideas and habits they would have learnt, with their generation and ultimately with generations to come.”4 William Anderson Gittens Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts; Author, Media Arts Specialist, Post Masters Works in Cultural Studies, and Publisher 1 Elaine Baldwin Introducing Cultural Studies (Essex: Prearce Hall,1999).p.141. 2 United States Census Bureau (USCB)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population 3 Elaine Baldwin Introducing Cultural Studies (Essex: Prearce Hall,1999).p.141. 4 Michael Haralambos and Robin Heald Sociology Themes and Perspectives Great Britain: University Tutorial Press Limited.1980.3. Page 3 of 90 Acknowledgements In memory of my father, The Late Charles Gittens, who would have had a great influence on my life. Special thanks to the Creator for his guidance and the creative gifts he has given me. Thanks also to my wife Magnola, my family, friends, and well-wishers who contributed to the developmental process of this text which can be categorized as a work in progress. Page 4 of 90 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE Foreword .................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................... 3 Overview..................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1The Rt. Excellent Grantley Adams, The Rt. Excellent Errol Barrow ............................... 7 Chapter 2 Anthony Carter, Aretha Franklin ................................................................................ 12 Chapter 3 President William Jefferson Clinton,President Barack Hussein Obama II ................... 13 Chapter 4 The. Rt. Hon. Owen Arthur, The Rt. Hon. Sir Lloyd Sandiford .................................... 17 Chapter 5 Dame Nita Barrow, The. Hon. Mia Mottley ................................................................. 20 Chapter 6 Mohandas Gandhi, Pres.Mandela, Rev. Dr. M. King Jr .............................................. 21 Chapter 7 Sir David Simmons, Mr. Eric Holder Jr ...................................................................... 24 Chapter 8 The Hon. David Thompson, The Rt. Hon. Freundel Stuart ......................................... 26 Chapter 9 Sir John Stow, Sir Arleigh Scott ................................................................................. 28 Chapter 10 Dame Antoinette Miller, Baroness Margaret Thatcher .............................................. 29 Chapter 11 Sir Garfield Sobers, Sir Frank Worrell ...................................................................... 30 Chapter 12 Comparative Features............................................................................................. 32 Chapter 13 Personal Reflections ............................................................................................... 43 About The Author ...................................................................................................................... 44 Works Cited .............................................................................................................................. 45 Page 5 of 90 Overview The scope of this text highlights a few selected people who, being part of the world’s population totalling seven billion 5, have been defined and influenced by distinctive characteristics such as Ancestry, Alma Mater, Colour, Culture, Ethnicity, Geography, Identity, Political affiliation, and Religion. The text provides some analysis of their journeys, of how they6 operated within the universal space, how they provided representation7, shared ideas and habits learnt, with their generation and ultimately with other generations8. These Icons are outstanding and well known locally, nationally, and internationally.9 In their quest to succeed they used the many obstacles such as, limited education, financial constraints, economic crisis, resistance to social reform, imprisonment, jeopardized health, and even assassination of others, as motivating stepping stones to propel them to the pinnacle they had envisioned. In executing their respective roles as Activists, Artistes, Attorneys General, Chemists, Chief Justices, Cricketers, Doctors, Economists, Entertainers, Musicians, Nurses, Lawyers, Lecturers, Politicians, Presidents, Prime Ministers, Reverends and Specialists, they used their analytical, critical, creative, observant, investigative and other skills, and allowed their tenacity and convictions to empower them to make their significant contributions to improve the well-being of other people in this global space.10 Using their education, qualifications, skills, training, gifts, talents and wit to function in this global village, they have excelled and in so doing have created legacies for current and future generations. 5 United States Census Bureau (USCB)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population 6 United States Census Bureau (USCB)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population 7 Elaine Baldwin Introducing Cultural Studies (Essex: Prearce Hall,1999).p.141. 8 Michael Haralambos and Robin Heald Sociology Themes and Perspectives Great Britain: University Tutorial Press Limited.1980.3. 9 Right Excellent Sir Grantley Herbert Adams QC, KT. Bachelor, CGM, The Right Excellent Errol Walton Barrow, P.C., Q.C., President William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton President Barack Hussein Obama II, The Rt. Excellent Sir Garfield St Auburn Sobers AO OCC Sir Frank Mortimer Maglinne Worrell, Dame Nita Barrow GCMG, Honorary FRCN. The Hon Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P., the Hon. David John Howard Thompson Q.C, M.P. The Rt.Hon. Freundel Stuart Q.C. M.P. Prime Minister of Barbados,Sir John Montague Stow, K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O Sir Arleigh Scott, K.C.M.G. K.C.V.O (1900-1976), The Rt. Hon. Owen Seymour Arthur M.P. Right Honourable Sir Lloyd Erskine Sandiford, .K.A Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Mahatma Gandhi ), MargaretHildaThatcher,BaronessThatcher, LG OM PC FRS (née Roberts), Dame Billie Antoinette Miller, DA., Sir David Anthony Cathcart Simmons, K.A., B.C.H., Q.C., LL.M. (Lond.), Hon. LL.D (Lond.), Attorney General Eric Himpton Holder, Jr. President Nelson Mandela, Aretha Louis Franklin and Anthony “Mighty Gabby” Carter 10 Woodward, Jeannette A. Writing Research Papers: Investigating Resources In Cyberspace. (Lincolnwood Chicago: NTC Publishing Group, 1997). p.7. Page 6 of 90 Chapter 1 The Right Excellent Sir Grantley Herbert Adams QC, KT. Bachelor, CGM 1898-1971 The Right Excellent Errol Walton Barrow, P.C., Q.C. January 21,1920-June 1, 1987 In 1998 the Barbados Parliament passed the Order of National Heroes 11 Act. That being established, it started the process of candidates’ selection for our Heroes of Barbados. Those chosen candidates were deemed social reformers, who by and large had contributed significantly to the development of this country and changed the course of history by their deeds, against a background of resistance. Two of the ten National Heroes12 on whom I will focus are the Rt. Excellent Sir Grantley Herbert Adams and the Rt. Excellent Errol Walton Barrow. 13 The information 11 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbadian_national_heroes Importantly, April 28th is celebrated each year as National Heroes Day11in their honour. 12 National Heroes are styled by "The Right Excellent." The ten National Heroes are: The Right Excellent Bussa (Born in Africa and killed during a 1816 slave uprising fighting for his freedom in Barbados.) Page 7 of 90 researched clearly illustrates that they were passionate about making life better for Barbadians. 14 Their ideas and dreams, when developed, greatly advanced the Barbadian civilization. That being highlighted, let us examine some comparable distinctive features of these two great icons. On 28 April 1898 in Barbados, the most easterly island in the West Indies chain, Grantley Herbert Adams was born at Colliston, Government Hill, St. Michael. On completion of his secondary school education at Harrison College in 1918, the young Grantley won a Barbados Scholarship15 and departed
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